جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « sadeq hedayat » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

The educational concepts and components expressed in the ancient Persian works in two ways: either directly in the form of preaching, advising, and forbidding, or indirectly covered by the stories and the anecdotes. With the advent of the Constitutional Revolution and then, with regard to the political, social, cultural, and moral conditions of the era, the concepts and ideas of teaching found a more different manifestation than the past. In this period, especially in the Persian prose works, the educative concepts were stated indirectly, tacitly, and implicitly in the hidden layers of the stories, novels, humor, and social criticism laterally. Sadeq Hedayat is one of the most celebrated writers of this period, who by means of presenting facts and examining the social conditions of his day in his stories, introduces vices and opposing behaviors with human and social values to the audience, and indirectly makes them realize that, with the knowledge and intelligence of avoiding individual and social inaccuracies, they can recognize the proper path to reaching the highest levels of humanity and the peaks of happiness, hereby, move along the path to moral and social virtues. In this paper, several examples of various aspects of the educational concepts and components of Sadeq Hedayat's works and their application are investigated in an analytical-descriptive manner.

This is the retrieval of the other texts' presence and regenerating them in the narrative texts that enriches the process of reading as well as evaluation of any substantial work. On the other hand, assuming archaeology and its evidences as yet another textual source, the question arises that, how was the interplay between the narrative texts and archaeological evidences, as two influential and important texts, during their natural development process in Iranian society? Preliminary studies indicate that the issue had become increasingly apparent in the works of celebrated authors such as Sadegh Hedayat — due to their relatively extensive studies in different fields of historical geography, their historical approach, as well as their inherent propensity in discerning archaisms and “epochs” in their works. Furthermore, among his oeuvre, “Atash Parast” is the one that provides the ground for a comparative-intertextual reading, by establishing the connection between the narratives of the story and the most prominent elements of the Iranian archaeology. Accordingly, the present study explains the reasoning behind the relocation of the fabled place-in-question by comparing subsequent text (“Atash Parast”) with the former text (the travelogue of Eugène Flandin), using the principles of comparative and intertextual criticism to prove the hypothesis behind its intentional relocation from Persepolis to Naqsh-e Rostam. Moreover, the mentioned relocation has caused the elements of the original discourse to be separated from their context, placed in another context and provide more substantial archaeological ground for the intertextual reading of the work-in-question.

Due to the post-Reformation socio-cultural events in Iran, forms of the Interpellation of humane subjects and the origin of their identity formation have changed, and this has consequently affected the construction of story subjects. Unique Interpellation of female subjects in the early stories of Persian literature, especially in those of Hedayat's, could be cited as a great example of this phenomenon. Employing a constructivist viewpoint, the present paper seeks to interpret and classify the gender-based addressing and Interpellation of subjects in Hedayat's stories. In doing so, Althusser's theory has been referred to for macro discussions, and for more micro analyses of textual signs, Goffman, Brown and Lewinson's theories have been used. The results show that the construction of location-situation of each fictional subject is in fact resulted in three layers of bodily, reaction-oriented and belonging-oriented interpellation which have been expressed by narrators and fictional subjects and have accordingly created positive or negative faces for the subjects. Although bodies have been objectively described in bodily Interpellation, the final assessment of the same bodies, as the main criterion of face-formation, is basically done by mental factors, on the basis of classical aesthetics. On the contrary, due to the dominance of realism on texts, in reaction-oriented and belongings-oriented layers of interpellation, class relations, forms of consumption, and taste of subjects are among the main criteria for face-formation. Though the gender-based construction of female subjects in Hedayat's stories, in line with the attested individuality in the contemporary world, is mainly based on personal and historical relations of subjects, its face-forming criteria have been formulated on the basis of a variety of epistemic and aesthetical factors.

Haji-Agha, written by Sadeq Hedayat, tells the story of Haji-Abutorab who is known as a benefactor and philanthropist among his people, but is actually a sly and stingy man inside. His miserliness and materialism is not only a simple attribute but a horrid sickness. What makes the semio-semantic analysis of this feeling significant is the inter-mental or interactional aspects, what Landowski labels the contagious of this feeling. Thus, this study aims to follow figures like Greimas and Fontanill on the formation of human feeling, and analyzes miserliness through a semio-semantic perspective. The study aims to answer how miserliness as a model of individual feeling is an inter-mental one, and how Haji-Agha's miserliness changes from a personal feature to a social one. In this regard, first, the formation of emotion discourse in the story is analyzed, and then, the social aspect of miserliness is discussed. In the end, the concept of miserliness is discussed through the semio-semantic system of feelings.

One of the touchstones to appraise the value and the durability of literary fiction is the appropriateness between the function of language and its users, i.e. fictional characters. Language has a close relationship with the paralinguistic and social propositions such as social status, age, gender, education, environment, job and hierarchy of authority. Sadeq Hedayat’s works are the inherent part of Iranian contemporary fiction. As the title of this paper may suggest, his works are worth to be studied in that sense. This paper explores, through an analytic-descriptive approach, the relationship between the function of language and Hedayat’s characters while considering the paralinguistic and social propositions. It also argues that Hedayat has been aware of the paralinguistic and social propositions and successful in applying them in characterization of his stories.

Study of the role and presence of women in the stories and poems penned by male authors and poets; and the status of men in the works of female authors and poets is a topic of importance which can be carried out.This research studies the outlook toward women in the works of a male author, and the outlook of a female poet toward men in her verse, while also investigating the impact of their perspective toward the opposite sex in their real lives. The question is whether presence of women in the works of men and vice versa has been highlighted, influential and constructive, or has been marginalized and faded. To this end, two contemporary literary figures, Sadeq Hedayat and Forouq Farokhzaad have been chosen to study their viewpoint toward the opposite sex in their works. The outcome of survey shows both of these two literary figures didn’t maintain a positive outlook toward the opposite sex, which in turn led to their pessimism and solitude in real life.