جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "teenage novel" در نشریات گروه "ادبیات و زبان ها"

Fantasy is a type of story that has been noticed in the literature of children and teenagers in recent years. The Possessed of Badyan Island is a teenage novel and a fantasy story written by Badri Mashhadhi. In the present research, this story has been analyzed in terms of the elements and structure of fantasy and climate literature by analytical-descriptive and library method. In this research, a new definition of the genre of fantasy has been presented under the title of climatic fantasy, and by examining the mentioned novel, it has been shown that the story of The Possessed of Badyan Island is a climatic fantasy. Also, by using the climatic fantasy genre, in addition to creating a gothic and scary story with a local atmosphere, the author not only satisfied the need for excitement of teenagers, but also directed the attention of teenagers from similar foreign to local and Iranian examples. It has also used the climate fantasy genre to familiarize the audience with the culture, history, customs, superstitions, etc. of a specific region. Therefore, this story can be considered an example of an Iranian climatic fantasy story.

The domination of science in the modern era and the effort to have a realistic attitude to all aspects of life have made people today unable to adopt the solutions of the ancients (such as eschatologicalimmortality) to face death. By examining different types of pre-modern immortality, including ancestral, cultural, mystical, mythological, and eschatological, the present article has shown that their common components, i.e., communalness, certainty, and imagination, are almost opposite to the components of modern immortality. The components of modern immortality, which include individuality, uncertainty, memory (as opposed to the imagination), and the concept of eternal nature, are prominent in teenage novels of the 1390s. This research first reviewed the stages and tasks of mourning. While checking and determining the components of pre-modern and modern immortality, it has been showed the correspondence of each stage of mourning with different types of immortality. Then, relying on the novels of "SanjābMahiy-e aziz "and "Shekārchi-ye Koose-ye kar", the issue of death and the role of pre-modern and modern immortality are investigated in advancing the storyline, accepting another's death, and completing the tasks of mourning by the characters. It should be noted that the analysis of samples is based on qualitative content analysis with a descriptive-interpretive approach. The research results show that in both novels, resorting to pre-modern immortality components traps the characters in the initial stages of mourning, i.e. denial, searching, and bargaining. In contrast, the maturity of the characters with the completion of mourning tasks and reaching the stage of improvement and organization through the components of Modern immortality (centered on memory in the novel "SanjābMahiy-e aziz "and eternal nature in the novel "Shekārchi-ye Koose-ye kar" is realized.

Lacanian criticism is a branch of contemporary literary criticism that examines the process of subjectivity in the individual. The ideas of this branch of criticism come from the thoughts of Jacques Lakan, the renowned French psychologist Lakan considers the process of individuality to pass from the imaginary to the symbolic. In the imaginary stage, the child that cannot distinguish between objective and subjective does not differentiate himself or herself from the other. After the transition from infancy, the imaginary union of the child and the mother disappears upon the arrival of the father and the child enters the symbolic period. At the symbolic stage, the father and his law dominate. By acquiring language and internalizing many social rules, the child gains living Conditions in the symbolic stage. But, he can never be safe from the rush of sweet memories of the imaginary stage. Farhad Hassanzadeh, a well-known author of children's and adolescent literature, ‌ in the novel " This blog will be ceded " ‌, ‌ tells the story of a teenage boy named "Zal" whose absence of parents has had a profound psychological effect on his life. The two factors of mother's absence in childhood and father's departure in early adolescence play an important role in shaping Zal's psychological structure. Influenced by these two events, Zal has problems that have led him to a certain type of life. The presence of symptoms such as a strong desire to return to the imaginary union with the mother, turning to the substitute objects of maternal desire, and also wandering among the various objects of desire, shows that Lacan's approach is the best model through which the psychological characteristics of this character can be analyzed.

This research has been done by descriptive content analysis method and in it, an attempt has been made to, according to Jacques Lacan's ideas in the fields of individuality process, imaginary realm, symbolic realm and father's name, the novel "This blog will be ceded" ‌ Farhad Hassanzadeh to be analyzed. In the method of content analysis, the main emphasis is on finding and presenting hidden messages in the text, and since the present study is writing to validate and expand the framework of Jacques Lacan's theory, it is of the directional content analysis method.

According to Lacan, in the Oedipal period, the child, realizing the mother's desire for the father, tries to maintain a bond of solidarity with his mother, which he experienced in the pre-Oedipal period, by imitating what the mother likes. According to Lacan, the mother, who is the center of the child's demands in infancy, becomes the central nucleus in the child's psyche, whose presence or absence can disrupt the child's psyche. In the story "This blog is ceded", the main character does not have a mother and has nothing in mind except fading memories. With the transition of the child from the imaginary realm to the symbolic realm, the imaginary bond between the child and the mother breaks and this issue eliminates the mother in the symbolic system; therefore, the subject tries to replace the lack of objects. In the symbolic realm, Zal replaces Ms. Turan with her mother. In different parts of the story, the reader can feel this. Whenever Zal talks about Turan, the desire to return to the feeling of wholeness and oneness of the imaginary realm arises in the mind. Zal's constant and unwanted attractions towards Turan's house, where the possibility of experiencing pre-Oedipal relaxation is represented, shows in story in different situations. However, as Jacques Lacan says, after the subject enters the symbolic realm, it is impossible to return to the imaginary realm. The lack of this impossibility is only filled by some objects, which Lacan calls small objects a. The most important object of Zal that covers the feeling of absence in her is Fariba, the daughter of Turan and Zal's lover. Both Fariba and Turan and even the character of Reza tailor are motherly symbols for Zal, which reminds her of the tranquility of the imaginary realm. That is why in Zal's mind, Fariba joins Turankhanum. According to the characteristics, we see of her, Fariba fits into Lacan's proposed system of small )a( object, but in Zal's fantasies, when there is no more step left than death and the rupture of the symbolic realm, Fariba remembers the main symbol of her mother's desire, Turankhanum. Zal cannot return to the realm of imaginary union with the mother; but it can restore that lost alliance with mother replacements. In addition to maternal symbols, Lacan also considers the subject of the small (a) object to be one of the main refuge of subjects in the symbolic realm. According to the evidence in the text, Zal cannot remain in the symbolic realm and is constantly seeking to escape from this realm. He cannot tolerate the homelessness of the symbolic realm and on the other hand, he cannot escape it. Paying attention to various objects of desire (small a), such as Fariba, Tuba (Fariba parrot) and, most importantly, the key group, each of which is a symbol of longing for the mother, are some of her attempts to escape the symbolic realm, but none of them succeed. In addition, in Lacan's model, the symbolic field of domination space of multiple signs has no meaning. The subject in this space cannot reach the signified and is only engaged in signs. Only the name of the father as the regulator of social law can free the subject from confusion between signs. Just as the subject first acquired a unified image in the age of the mirror, it is possible to achieve wholeness and unity in the symbolic realm by seeing oneself in the mirror of society. The father's name symbolically regulates social law. A child who survives the oedipal period symbolically imitates the father, and social rules and conscience are the result of the internalization of the father's character. It goes without saying that if this period of assimilation with the father is not done properly, the person will not have a stable personality and the constant hesitation resulting from this shortcoming will delay the process of identification in him. Since the father's name is a node that ends the permanent suspension of meaningless signals, his existence is considered a basic condition for stabilizing the character. Therefore, the faltering identity of Zal can be attributed to the absence of a father in his life.

"Zal" is the protagonist of the story "This blog will be ceded", a child who is deprived of his parents. His mother was lost when he was a child, and his father left him to another person and suffered a vague fate. The loss of the mother, whose vague memories are in the corner of her mind, causes her to repeatedly throw herself from the symbolic to the imaginary tranquility of the imaginary realm with the aim of repeating sweet experiences. Zal also covers the absence of the mother in the symbolic realm by substituting maternal objects. Ms. Turan is the main maternal object for her; but besides this character, there are other characters such as Fariba and Reza Khayat who mix in Zal's mind with the character of Turan from the perspective of representing the peace of the lost mother. The consequence of the absence of the father also causes the permanent suspension of Zal among the multiple signs in the symbolic realm.

Motifs are regarded as elements, concepts, names, symbols, and ideas that are present in literary and artistic forms as important themes of the text and are preferably centered on a single work or works by a single author. By examining several works by an author, we may find a motif that is present in many ways in all of his works, and is a kind of mental concern of the author that for whatever reason he paid particular attention to that motif. This article is an in-depth look at how the presence and function of the "heroic" motifs in five teenage novels by Mohammad Reza Yousefi. Theoretical Topics This paper is primarily concerned with defining a motif and a brief history of the studies related to this literary element and examines, in the applied field, the essential role and function of this motif in this author's works. According to the results, Yousefi has deliberately utilized this motif in all of these works and his attention to these elements is a kind of mental concern. The way he has often used to illustrate the importance of flavoursome elements is by first setting a goal for the characters in the story, then using that flawed element to accomplish that goal in order to emphasize the important role of these elements. By analyzing five novels, this study reveals the positive function and essential role of the clerical elements in advancing the goals of the story and opening their story nodes.

Identity is a phenomenon that is created in the course of social communication by creating a border between self and other. The importance of this concept during adolescence period increases the necessity of its rethinking in the field of literature. The novel of "The Eye of the Horse" is one of the novels by Jamila Gavin that represents identity-making and identity-accepting of immigrants and by borrowing Western concepts and values and combining them with Eastern identity characteristics, challenges the indigenous Oriental culture (Hindi). The present paper attempts to answer these questions: how do the identity-making elements of the West challenge and change the identity of the immigrant? And to what extent factors such as otherness, bilingualism, etc. contribute to identity making? Accordingly, the relationship between the characters of the "the Eye of the Horse" novel as a symbol of the East and the West, as well as the suspension and consolidation of their identities in the Western dominant atmosphere are analyzed. The findings of this research show that in the process of forming the identity of the teenage characters of the novel the author has integrated the decentered and centered attitudes of East and West toward each other by creating an intermediate space, and has justified the supremacy of the West as a fixed principle by creating linked subjects. He has also introduced the naturalization and diminution of indigenous identities as an entry to the civilized world and globalization.