جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « لرستان » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

In this study, the situation of Turkish varieties of Lorestan province is investigated. The predominant languages ​​of this province are Lori and Laki, and in some areas, a variety of Persian influenced by Lori. But in the counties of Aligudarz, Azna, and Boroujerd , there are also a number of Turkish-speaking villages. Turkish used in these villages has its own special features lexically and sometimes structurally and syntactically. Therefore, it is suggested that such features may be due to the fact that these varieties of Turkish ​​are in a contact situation with Lori, as the most common language of the region. This study shows, on the one hand, that at the lexical level, Turkish varieties of Lorestan have been influenced significantly by Lori and Persian in some lexical categories, more than other categories, and on the other hand, the degree of influence of Lori on the Turkish varieties of the abovementioned counties does not seem to be the same, and regarding the conditions of the language communities in which these varieties of Turkish are used, a different perspective of survival should be imagined for them.

Work is the foundation of life in rural and agricultural communities. Villagers or nomads begin their labor early in the morning and work until late at night. They spend their whole lives for work, and producing. As a result, leisure and vacation are uncommon in such societies. Existing a continuous link between labor and effort in these people's life is a clear and convincing motivation for them to whisper lyrics and poems throughout their long and laborious hard work. By doing so, they can either enjoy their work or motivate others to accomplish their task. Although these lyrics or poems are present in all aspects of these people's lives, the lyrics and songs concerning farming have a particular atmosphere. Because farming and animal ranching has always been the primary activities of the people in Lorestan, they make specific lyrics for each aspect of these ones. The majority of these lyrics and poems are about asking God to produce more crops, thanking God for the harvests, and boosting assurance to keep working. In this paper, in addition to describing the various aspects of these work songs, examples of them will be provided; so that the reader got more informed about their contents.

This research is about lexical variation in Khorramabad county of Lorestan province. The data come from the data gathered for Linguistic Atlas of Lorestan. The data are categorized as kinship terms, words related to natural objects, words related to human, animal names, words related to plants, words related to human-made objects, pronouns, demonstrative – place adverbs, question words, and numbers. The language varieties of the villages whose data are analyzed in this research are varieties of Lori and Laki languages for which the coefficient of variation is calculated and analyzed separately. We see not only considerable language variation in Khorramabad, but also many lexical differences in the varieties used in villages of the county. Findings indicate that in both Lori and Laki, the category of number has the least coefficient of variation, and the category of words related to human-made objects has the largest coefficient of variation. The analysis of the data also shows that words for “father”, “language”, “bread”, and “blood” have had the least variation in language varieties whose data have been analyzed in this research, so they can be considered as the most basic words of those language varieties.

Proverbs are short and pithy sentences which have abundant uses and are used by people to persuade each other. Each of the Iranian tribes has themselves proverbs, they have made them for their relationship with each other and sometimes with their nature. Among the people of Lak, like other people, there are proverbs. The Lak is one of the Iranian tribes that live in provinces such as Lorestan, Ilam, Kermanshah, Hamedan and so on. The people of Lak speak the Lak language, which is one of the surviving languages of the Pahlavi language. The names of Animals are prominent in the proverbs of this language. This subject can indicate who they live in the mountains and relationship with animals. In this research, we have tried to study the names of animals in Laki proverbs by descriptive-analytical and field methods. So first we have written phonetics them, then translated them to Persian language and examined the position of their use. Finally, we have given equivalent proverbs that existed in Persian or other types of Iranian languages.

Fertility myths are one of the most important and repetitive types of myths of the nations in the world, which describe the fate of "martyred vegetable god", "hero / god dragon", and "hero / evil-killer god" and is usually an allegory of the death and life of nature. It is also the change of seasons. The mythological beliefs, while spreading among the people, are also accumulated in the collective subconscious of the people; therefore, myths - created by the general public - are a good means for the reflection of fertility myths in different eras. So, in this article, a descriptive and comparative method examines the reflection of fertility myths in 140 legends belonging to the provinces of Chaharmahal. And Bakhtiari, Lorestan, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad. The aim of the present study is to achieve the mythical patterns of fertility crystallized in the legends of the mentioned provinces. The findings show that the patterns of "martyred vegetable god" are reflected in 14 myths, "hero / god of dragons" in 9 myths, and "hero / evil-killer god" in 30 myths. The reproductive myths have been transformed into myths influenced by religious issues and the change of the patriarchal discourse to patriarchy.

Native literature is a worthy treasure inherited from our ancestors. This kind of literature in its special sense refers to a literature that has been created in a particular region. The native literature of Lorestan is one of the precious parts of Iranian folk’s native literature. In this paper, we will investigate a part of the popular culture of people of Lorestan, the native poems and their place in the community of Lorestan, while introducing their history. We will also introduce the Chell Sero (forty songs), Mur, Laue Laue (Lullaby), work songs, couplets Mashga, Dayam Buye and romances as the most important types of native poems of Lorestan .Poetry and music are inseparable parts of the Lorestan people, and if we say that they are the cause of popular culture, we have not exaggerated. These people have some poems and music for all aspects of their life from birth to death, which have various functions in different situations.

Farsi is one of the world's most prolific languages in the field of order and prose. Persian poetry and prose are embedded in all layers of Iranian people’s lives and are deeply embedded in the culture of the people in every region with every local dialect and dialect. In different geographical areas, according to their traditions and habits, when a family member is lost, the survivors resort to literature to express their emotions and feelings in the deceased person's language, using poetic, poetic and poetic expressions in the current language. In the publication of the funeral pamphlets, the poetry and literary expressions are very prominent. In fact, this mourning and the inscriptions somehow express the inner feelings of the survivors. Announcements of funerals in various parts of Iran are sometimes beautiful expressions of Persian poems and poems that are in fact a part of emotional letters. What is being studied in this study is the intellectual aspect of the stylistics and major themes of these poems and literary expressions, mourning the western writings of the country, relying on recent declarations of remarriage in Lorestan province. The study of this aspect of contemporary literature and the style of writing and most of the concepts considered in these declarations form the basis of this research.

‘Sit biaram’ means ‘I am bringing for you’ which describes the purpose of bringing gifts for the bride by the groom. This song is usually sung by a group of women without any accompaniment. In this article according to the library resources, aesthetic application of ‘Sit bairam’ song, which have been collected as a field study is analyzed in two sections of surface structure “sounds, words, music and imaginary forms” and deep structure or content “emotion, thought, and meaning”. A review of literature shows that in the section of surface structure in verses, the “sounds” creates the movement alongside with music, sometimes with calmness and sometimes with roughness. The words companion has an effective role in the emotional associations and meaning of a poem. In some distiches rhythm and rhyme are problematic, but they are excusable and can be ignored. Indigenous music of verses is indebted to arrays of phonotactics, wordage wording and synonymy respectively, and also spiritual music consists of symmetry, poetical aetiology and exaggeration. “Metaphor” and then “simile” are effective in the creation of imaginary forms. From emotional point of view, in the deep structure section, passion and happiness are noticeable in distiches, which owes it to sounds, words, and their combination, and is raised from the dominant theory of literature. In terms of meaning and in order of frequency, topics such as “love”, “natural resources”, and “demands for rural and nomadic life” are evident in the distiches.

In Iranian mythology and since the beginning of creation war has been a current theme. Some Iranian gods, such as Bahrām, Mitrā, Bād, Hoom and Soroush, are fighting for peace, security and purity on behalf of Ahuramazdā against Angra Mainyu (Ahriman). Myths play an important role in the collective and subconscious memory. As such, they have a profound impact on religions, arts, literature and general culture of all times. Therefore, this article examines the gods of war in the legends of Chahārmahāl and Bakhtiāri, Lorestān and Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad province. The research context consists of legends written in Persian in Chaharmahāl and Bakhtiāri, Lorestān and Kohgiluyeh and Boyerahmad province. The purpose of this research is to explain and analyze the presence of mythological war gods in the legends of the above-mentioned provinces. Through a careful reading of this article, the reader will understand that the gods of war such as Bahrām, Soroush, Wind and Mehr are present in the legends of these provinces, sometimes superhuman and sometimes terrestrial with metamorphoses in their appearance and function.

Chehel-soroud is one of the most popular and current types of omen among Lorestan people which they perform collectively. In every presage, forty couplets are attributed to interpret the intended 40th couplet. In the present research and based on library resources, the aesthetic function of the 500 chehel-soroud couplets  collected by the field method was analyzed in two parts of "Phones , Vocabulary, Musics and figures of speech " and the surface structure including  Emotion, Thought and Meaning. The research findings showed that at surface structure of phones movement with music is sometimes created with serenity and sometimes with violence. The association of vocabulary plays a role in the association of emotions and the meaning of poetry. The association of vocabulary plays a role in the association of emotions and the meaning of poetry. In some parts of the verses, meter and rhyme are unacceptable, which is to some extent negligible. Internal music is due to figures like phonotactics , morphophonemics and pun. Spiritual musics in its turn is as a result of figures like Mora’at al nazir, Hossn-e- Ta’lil and hyperbole. Metonymy and assimilation play a key role in the creation of figures of speech. Emotionally, at deep structure level, good omens are accompanied by enthusiasm while sinister ones lead to despair. In terms of meaning and regarding the frequency , themes of love and friendship, natural resources such as mountains and trees, religious beliefs and interests such as hunting, breeding, agriculture etc. are evident in the couplets.

Residents of Lorestan province have two distinguished dialects: “Bakhtiari Lori” and “Persian Lori” and Laki dialect where Laki speakers of North and west of Lorestan express many of their traditions, customs and cultural attributes in the form of distiches in Laki oral or written. From these distiches, which express people’s traditions, customs and culture in this region, we can mention some of distiches of divination in “Chelsoru” and “Mur”. The aim of this article, which has been done based on the sources of library benefiting from descriptive and analytical method, is to dis cover the relationship among distiches and Laki women and men, and in this field, it is noted in the distiches of divination in “Chel soru” , which is called happy poems, women’s clothing has been described as “ Sarvan, Sardari, Kolanjah, Koush, Keras, Zeir Jamah and different jewels where we can easily observe their social status and properties. In “Mur”, poems which contain sad and melancholic themes, it seems that men’s clothing is better described than women’s cover. In some verses of these poems, the similarity of clothing between Median authorities and Zoroastrian speakers of this province has been noted.