جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Golshiri » در نشریات گروه « ادبیات و زبان ها »

The centrality of psychoanalytic criticism is the interaction between the field of art, especially literature, with psychoanalytic subjects, in this method, the subject of the text becomes a platform for recognizing the signs, roots and factors of psychosis in the three axes of the author, the text (structure and characters) and the audience; And in rare cases, it will become a method of overcoming crisis and a tool for psychotherapy. In this field, the category of anxiety and obsession is one of the important topics that have been discussed in psychology with different cognitive approaches, and it can be one of the practical topics in the text-oriented analysis of literary works. On the other hand, Golshiri's works have a high capacity for psychoanalytical analysis due to his knowledge of psychology and the conscious application of its techniques and important features in processing and strengthening personality. Therefore, this research has investigated the category of anxiety in the collection of stories " Namazkhaneye Kochake Man " with a descriptive-analytical method and has concluded that the root of anxiety in the characters of these stories is the fear of an accident. Unfortunate is in the future and the characters often turn to the basic response of avoiding the situation and basic defense mechanisms. Most of the characters are suffering from depression, anger and isolation in the face of anxiety, which will represent this crisis in various behavioral signs such as alcohol consumption, insomnia and restlessness, aggression and screaming. In general, anxiety and depression can be considered as the dominant aspect in this collection.

AbstractModernization movements, to identify the reasons for Iran's backwardness and finding appropriate solutions to get out of this situation, not only in the realm of science and knowledge but also in literature, attracted the attention of theorists. In this regard, three views on modernity in literature can be observed: one group believes that modernity is completely Western and ineffective, the second group considers it acceptable due to its Western origin, and the third group maintains a balance between tradition and modernity.Houshang Golshiri, who has extensive knowledge in Persian literature and history, is one of the representatives of the third group. This research aims to demonstrate how Golshiri, as a modern and at the same time traditional writer, has depicted the integration of modern and traditional storytelling methods without damaging the structure of the story and has given special importance to traditional elements in contemporary literature. The study was conducted using a library method and descriptive analysis to examine the components of tradition and modernity in the novel "The Mirrored Pain." The results and investigations indicate that the use of narrative in classical texts, pragmatism, the use of short allegorical narrative, and the use of language as a traditional aspect are some of the old narrative methods in Golshiri's stories, and the combination of traditional and modern components together indicates his special attention to the place of tradition in literature

Narration experts'attention to a type of aspect of we-narrator which can not be decreased to other types of narration has its root in mid-field studies trying to prove that group narration is basically plausible. One of the genres which can be an efficient bed for using such an approach is telling memories as a group. Following the pattern of mind function, the genre of memory is formed and simulating the common mistakes faced in realization of the narration, the author makes the narration believable. In addition, collective memory narrated by a group narrator benefits exclusive features including overcoming the classical limitation of first singular and not being limited to time and place. Reading the story of a description for ghaside jomliye which is a narration of group narration genre,the present study shows how Golshiri used the features of these two maghule in combination with each other in one story and how he created a new approach in we-narration by in a humorous and archaic tune in a way that on the one side shows the group narrator and a factor for distancing and on the other side it shows the author's direction facing the central subject of the story which is a semi-religolious-ritual reflection.

After the spread of rationalism and rationality in the Renaissance, the importance of the concepts of poetry and poeticism in various literary works decreased day by day and any irrationality and "madness" was confined within the sanatoriums. Desperate for the results of western rationalism, modern writers tended to look at the semantic, subjective, and non-figurative aspects of poetry in fiction in order to both confront the prevailing wisdom and represent the outcry of "madness" in the form of modern fiction. From the point of view of modern theorists, "poetry" in its new definition was generally associated with an interest in abstraction and irrationality and the rejection of common standards in literature. In this article, we have tried to show the concept of "poetry" and its relation to "madness" through the stylistic components of modern stories in the novel "Shazdeh-Ehtejab". Findings show that in Golshiri's novel "Shazdeh Ehtejab", "poetry" through components such as anti-narrative, ambiguity, nonlinear timing, and attention to the metaphorical construction of sentences and elements such as "madness" and "death", takes the narrative out of the ordinary and in addition to making the text and atmosphere of the story poetic, it creates a meaningful and protesting relationship with the negation of rationalism and attention to "madness" in the modern era.

Genette believes that different texts have taken from earlier works. He divides the relations between texts into five categories Intertextualitie, Architextualite, Paratextualite, Metatextualite, and Hypertextualite. Since the most important issues in comparative literature is literary effectiveness and Genet in transtextuality theory seeks the influence of texts to each other. It can be said that transtextuality are relate to comparative literature. Vampires are European legends that have attracted teenage audience and Golshiri has introduced them to Iranian fiction for the first time. In this research, using the content analysis method, we want to examine Meyer and Golshiri's vampire according transtextuality relations, in order to answer following questions: how the primary text was transferred to the secondary text in Golshiri vampire and Golshiri has used from Which transtextuality elements in his works? What effect cultural relations has been on the secondary text? In his works, Golshiri has used the Intertextualitie, Architextualite, Paratextualite and hypertextualite, and Iranian cultural relations have caused changes in the story,

The present study has been carried out by applying the components and discourse strategies of Roger Fowler in order to reveal the ideology of the author and the social actors of the novel of Mirrors with Doors. In his discourse theory, Fowler pays special attention to the structure of the text in the fields of superstructure and deep structure. Therefore, the present paper has tried to gain a deep understanding of its construction through the analysis of the superstructure of the novel of mirrors, according to Fowler's views. In this regard, the main question of this research is to seek the strategies Houshang Golshiri used in the superstructure of his work in order to show the depth of the text. The method of this research is qualitative borrowing a descriptive-analytical approach to describe and evaluate the data. The results indicated that Glorification and Marginalization are the governing mechanism of novel discourse practices and behaviors. Using the following strategies, the author has been able to demonstrate the ideology of the Iranian immigrant communists: Discourse functions of pronoun reference, suspension, ambiguity, modality, activation, question sentences, changing the position of sentence elements, removing some linguistic elements, and anachronism. The most frequent discourse strategy is related to the component of pronoun reference and the least frequent is related to changing the position of sentence elements. It should be noted that the above-mentioned discourse strategies are the most important features of Golshiri's novel superstructure.

Adherence to form and technique in the story constitutes the framework of Golshiri’s ideas. To demonstrate the movement and dynamism in the literature, he broke with tradition and turned the story into a means for knowing himself and others. Following the mentioned perspective, the novel Prince Ehtejab seeks to explore the depths and penetrates the hidden layers of the characters’ minds, discovers and knows oneself and others, and expresses the realities of society by disrupting the continuous order and sequence of time. Moreover, he used the grotesque genre to open his readers’ eyes to truths overlooked in everyday life in the face of reality. In this article, authors have studied modern techniques in this novel using analytical and library research methods and revealed that the novel Prince Ehtejab has been able to indicate the author to be a modernist. Furthermore, given the characteristics of deviation from accepted norms, metamorphosis, induction of a bitter and odious laughter, personification, depiction of madness in a romantic sense, depiction of dark and terrifying locations, description of horrific tortures, and presentation of a bitter death using metaphor and trope, he has illustrated the events occurred to four generations of an ancestry using the grotesque genre.

In this article, we try to examine the parallel between the form of Houshang Golshiri’s novel Christine and Kid and the social construction of consciousness in its time. At first glance, the novel seems to be a personal account that cannot be sociologically analyzed; however, this article seeks to show the inherently social nature of this novel’s form. The theoretical part is the historical formulation of Lukács’ thought based on his five major works on the sociology of literature. The article tries to show that the social construction of consciousness at the time of writing Christine and Kid was centered around the issue of “the encounter with the West”; In terms of this issue, we have distinguished three social groups in Iranian intellectual society: on the one hand, pro-Western and anti-Western groups, that have dealt with the issue through an “essentialist” approach, and, on the other, a third group that has tried to discard this dualism and consider the “contingent” nature of the issue. The purpose of this article is to explain how the form of this novel is connected with the construction of the consciousness of the third group. The findings show that the form in this novel is shaped by the combination and interplay of several components: the process of knowledge, contemporaneity, interruptions, compositional aspect, suspension and the dialectic of reception and rejection. Moreover, this form is in line with the main construction of consciousness in the third group, which considered the issue as “open,” “present,” “plural,” “subject of cognition,” and “in process.” Extended Abstract1.IntroductionThe present article studies the relationship between form and the social construction of consciousness in Houshang Golshiri’s novel Christine and Kid. While the novel appears to be a personal, formalist work, defying any kind of sociological analysis, attempt has been made to examine the inherently social nature of the novel’s form. Throughout the article, both in the theoretical and practical sections, the focus of discussion is on the ‘form’ rather than the ‘literary content’ or the ‘social content’ of the novel. 2.Theoretical FrameworkThe historical formation of Lukács’ ideas in the present article shows that he focuses on form, which, according to him, is the composition that directs how a work of art is received. Mimesis is based on the selection, assessment and formation of elements of reality, represented in form. The present article draws on Lukács’ ideas in this regard to study Golshiri’s Christine and Kid. 3.MethodologyThe present study adopts the qualitative methodology and is a case study of a literary work. It is based on Lukács’ methodology in the sociology of the novel and attempt has been made to analyze the relationship between this literary form and the social construction of consciousness. 4.Discussion and AnalysisIn Christine and Kid, the East/West dichotomy, as one of the most fundamental issues in the structure of the contemporary Iranian society, has been dealt with. A Lukácsian study of the novel reveals that there is a consistency between the form of the novel and the social construction of consciousness. 5.Conclusion The form of Golshiri’s Christine and Kid is made up of some major elements: the process of understanding ‘the other/the Western’ and consequently ‘the self/the Eastern’; the development of form in the present time based on the development of the present moment; the development of characters in the process of the development of ‘events’; the fragmentation of events, characters and ideas; and the endless suspension in ‘attracting/repelling’ the other and the self. The form of this novel is consistent with the construction of consciousness in the third group in dealing with the ‘issue of the West’.  In other words, the form of this novel, in its totality, reveals the construction of the third group and challenges the Western/anti-Western dichotomy. Select BibliographyAmanat, A. 1400 [2021].Tarikh-e Iran-e Modern. M. Hafez (trans.). Tehran: Faragard.Ashouri, D. 1387 [2008]. “Houshyari-e Tarikhi.” In: id. Ma va Moderniyat. Tehran: Serat: 13-43.Lukács, G. 1373 [1994]. Pajouheshi dar Realism-e Oroupayi. A. Akbari (trans.). Tehran: Elmi va Farhangi.Lukács, G.1377 [1998]. Tarikh va Agahi-e Tabaqati: Pajouheshi dar Dialektik-e Marksisti. M. J. Pouyandeh (trans.). Tehran: Nasl-e Qalam.Lukács, G.1380 [2001]. Nazaryeh-ye Roman. H. Mortazavi (trans.). Tehran: Qesseh.Lukács, G.1388 [2009]. Roman-e Tarikhi. Sh. Behyan (trans.). Tehran: Akhtaran.Lukács, G.1397 [2018]. Jan va Sourat. R. Rezaee (trans.). Tehran: Mahi.Nabavi, N. 1388 [2009]. Roshanfekran va Dolat dar Iran: Siasat-e Goftar va Tangna-ye Esalat. H. Fesharaki (trans.). Tehran: Shirazeh.Shadman, F. 1382 [2003]. Taskhir-e Tamaddon-e Farangi. Tehran: Gam-e Noe.Ziaebrahimi, R. 1397 [2018]. Paydayesh-e Nasionalism-e Irani: Nejad va Siasat-e Bijasazi. H. Afshar (trans.). Tehran: Markaz.

The present study analyzed Houshang Golshiri’s discourse style in his short story of "Dehliz (=Atrium)", and the use of language in this text considering systemic functional grammar. The main question in this paper is: To what extent have the linguistic elements of the story been successful in representing political and social realities? In order to answer this question, the authors examined the text of the story according to the metafunctions to reveal how Golshiri's mental images of reality were coded in the language of his writing. In this story, 239 processes have been found and examined based on Halliday’s model, but due to limitations, only a few examples of each process are mentioned. The method of this research is descriptive-analytical. In this way, all verbs in the text have been extracted and the frequencies of the processes were identified. Then they were grouped and analyzed according to Halliday’s method. Among the three metafunctions, the focus of this article is on ideational and textual metafunctions. The findings demonstrate that material, behavioral and relational processes have mostly been applied and existential, mental and verbal processes have rarely been used. The high frequency of the material process in the story reflects its relevance to the historical context of Golshiri-era society, which coincided with the growth of capitalistic thought and the development of industry in Iran. Also, it shows that in his realistic discourse, the writer seeks to represent his attitude toward the political situation of the society. Compared to the material processes, mental processes have less frequency. It indicates that the writer has seldom involved his own and his discourse addressees’ feelings, and mental characteristics in the discourse of this short story. The processes and texture of the text fit together. The high frequency of use of past tense is a factor that has increased the degree of certainty in discourse.

“Migration” is not a modern concept or phenomenon; however, due to the modern  situation and self-consciousness of humans, the outlook toward it has changed in the twentieth century and especially in its second half.  Otherwise, migration and migrators have existed from the very beginning of creation ( great people such as Prophet Abraham and Prophet Mohammed and his disciples, or the large number of refugees during wartime are some examples). However, what here makes Kundera and Golshiri's view of the concept of migration different is the way they illustrate the alienation of the migrators  (Golshiri 's view in Mirrors with Doors) and their return to their countries (Kundera's view in Ignorance ), grasping the distinction between themselves and their compatriots and even their kin. Golshiri depicts Iranian immigrants living abroad and Kundera takes immigrants to Prague; notwithstanding these differences, both authors have written about migration, immigrants, and the transformations which occur in this process , finally leading to two different conclusions.

Adherence to form and technique in the story constitutes the framework of Golshiri’s ideas. To demonstrate the movement and dynamism in the literature, he broke with tradition and turned the story into a means for knowing himself and others. Following the mentioned perspective, the novel Prince Ehtejab seeks to explore the depths and penetrates the hidden layers of the characters’ minds, discovers and knows oneself and others, and expresses the realities of society by disrupting the continuous order and sequence of time. Moreover, he used the grotesque genre to open his readers’ eyes to truths overlooked in everyday life in the face of reality. In this article, authors have studied modern techniques in this novel using analytical and library research methods and revealed that the novel Prince Ehtejab has been able to indicate the author to be a modernist. Furthermore, given the characteristics of deviation from accepted norms, metamorphosis, induction of a bitter and odious laughter, personification, depiction of madness in a romantic sense, depiction of dark and terrifying locations, description of horrific tortures, and presentation of a bitter death using metaphor and trope, he has illustrated the events occurred to four generations of an ancestry using the grotesque genre.

Dramatic and fictional literature has long been inextricably linked since language emerged as a means of communication; storytelling as a means of expressing life events and drama as a means of communicating with the world around us, have always met the most important human needs in relation to each other, and in the course of their lives, their tools and capabilities have been shared and expanded to the present. Today, the drama uses some of the features and capabilities of fiction literature and fiction literature for some drama. However, in this study we try to focus on some of the dramatic situation that Georges Poletti has identified in Thirty-Six cases to study works “Ivy” by Deledda and ²Christine and Kidd² by Hooshang Golshiri in a descriptive-analytic method to show how content subscriptions have created the dramatic capacity in two works. Accordingly, the findings of the study show that although the works of these two authors have been formed in two different schools with different coordinates, but they share the dramatic situation associated with a common theme of love and attention to human and emotional relationships. Due to Golshiri by focusing on individual dimension of relationships and deledda by focusing on the social context of the formation and development of the characters, have succeeded in creating dramatic situation in thier work

One of the approaches to the criticism of fiction that has changed a lot from a linguistic point of view is Roger Fowler’s linguistic theory. This theory is a mixture of Chomsky’s transformational grammar and Halliday’s functional linguistics theories. The story of Golshiri’s “Khaneh-ye-Roshanan” was written in the mode of stream of consciousness, and Fowler believed that in such stories, the surface structure helps to understand the deep structure. The present paper analyzed the story of “Khaneh-ye-Roshanan” based on Fowler’s linguistic approach using the descriptive-analytical method along with library research tools. The results of the study indicate that the types of transformations and the mode of stream of consciousness in this work cause shifts in syntactic structure of sentences, non-compliance with grammatical rules, repetition of pronoun references, creation of rhythm and music in speech, application of associative contrasts, repetitions based on emphasis, confusion in the readers’ minds, and creation of suspension and postponement in speech. The main characters of this work, the actor and alternating narrators, are all passive and sensory-perceptive. It is as if they should not utter a word against the dominant ideology of the text, which would disrupt its monotonous atmosphere. In this work, like the rest of his works, Golshiri wanted to delve into the problems of society and to dominate his interventionist judgments in the text. In terms of looking at the text, the author sometimes dealt with the text from an external perspective and did not consider himself to be able to understand the perceptions of the characters in the story, while he sometimes explored the text from an internal perspective and assimilated his cognitive tendencies into the text. In terms of representation of speech and thought, both direct and indirect speech were used in this work. Both methods could reveal as much as possible the internal and verbal secrets of the main and secondary characters.

Prominent literary texts have the ability to accept criticism and comprehensive studies, and it can open many windows to researchers for further studies. According to many analysts and literary critics the book "Shazdeh Ehtejab" by Golshiri has attracted a lot of attention of critics. Many articles on this subject have been published in scientific research-based journals. Some of them have also investigated the relationship among the different types of the analyses made. The analyses highlighted this work from the perspective of literary criticism and the relevant theories. In the present study we selected seven articles and based on their scientific level and their approximate content homogeneity, an attempt was made to study them. The form, structure and the content of the papers were the matter of concern. The analyses indicated that the papers possess some weaknesses in term of their form and content analyses. The only strong point of the papers is the way they have approached the subject and the content of the book. The result of the study also showed that some of the selected papers do not deserve to be considered as researched-based articles. It can be highly recommended to the editors of the journals and particularly their commentators to feel more responsibility in their jobs. In this regard, the articles in “Naghde Adabi” magazine have less research-oriented approach and those in “Shenakht” magazine possess more research-based one.

Since the beginning of writing and with emerging thinking in the human society,e especially in humanity sciences, the writing and thinking were intracting in different manners in various places and times. Also , this was a bit common in Iran. It could be said that this was observed for these recent hundred years and has been recently established as the thinking trends. Clearly , the way for emerging their own thoughts by using their thoughts. Additionally , they followed the political, social and cultural thoughts through the thinking frameworks through of story styles. Among the authors, Hosshang Golshiri was Specially credited. With regarding the social , Political and cultural aspects interacting on each other and with a gesture on the political, social positions of the previous periods, his stories will be analyzed in terms of the contemporary thinking  approaches.It will be clarified that he was strongly influenced by the trends while also he himself  was influencing on the trends.

The authors of modern stories for the deliverance from the deformity of the new civilization attend the inner world, which is more expanded than the external world. They disregard specific philosophies in art and life and try to display the subjective and psychological personalities. Moreover, instead of revealing social objective challenges of the characters, they aim at displaying the contents of the mind’s inner world. However, to describe the inner world and the mind with the same writing methods used formerly is not possible. Modern writers in order to show the twisted layers of the mind and its world have tried to introduce new ways of narration and story writing. Of course, using such methods may cause some complexity in the novel, but the writer does that deliberately to bring the structure of his novel close to the structure of the mind.This article is a library research highlighting the nature of the mind and presenting one of the first Persian modern subjective novelsShazdeEhtejab by HushangGolshiri. It attempts to discuss how this novel shows the hidden world of the characters and investigates in depth the basic techniques that reveal the mind and the innerworld of the characters.

After its publication, "Mirrors With Doors" (1371) aroused different reactions from writers and critics. Some of these reactions came from those who just settled to criticize and deny the work's values to the extent that as if there is no positive point in the whole work. Darvishiyan, Barahani and Gharib are among these critics. Drawing on the theories of novel, Barahani criticizes reasonably and sometimes has some quick references to the positive aspects. Darvishiyan's criticizes ideologically and idealistically and relies heavily on political obsessions regarding content and on loyalty to traditional criteria in story writing, hence prejudiced and fanatical. Although Gharib's tone is mild and flexible, his reasoning is shallow. Supporters of Gholshiri, such as Faraj Sarekoohi and Shahriyar Vaghfipoors, on the other hand, recognize his style as innovative and flawless in structure, and consider "Mirrors With Doors" as a perfect example of story writing. The opposing critics believe that it presents an "unreal" and "confused" image of us