جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "مشهد" در نشریات گروه "علوم سیاسی"

Human societies have long been involved in the formation of the government to organize public affairs, optimize efforts, and achieve common goals. They have historically formed various forms of government. Today, the result of human experiences of different ways of governing is theorized within a series of models whose main principles are presented in the form of a model or the model of "good governance". The ways to reach it can vary from community to community. After the Islamic Revolution, the formation of Islamic councils was considered as one of the most important ways to achieve good governance.Currently, more than two decades after the implementation of the law on councils and the formation of the council system in Iran, the main question is to what extent Islamic councils as a form of local government have played a role in achieving the characteristics of good governance. This study seeks to answer this question in the city of Mashhad. It is hypothesized that the performance of the Islamic councils of the city of Mashhad has promoted many characteristics of good governance in the city of Mashhad. By collecting the necessary information in different qualitative methods and examining them in a descriptive-analytical method, the role of the Islamic Council of Mashhad on the status of the most important characteristics of good governance such as participation, justice, transparency, efficiency and effectiveness, specific accountability were identified. Findings show that the performance of Islamic councils in Mashhad has promoted many indicators of good governance in Mashhad.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between modernization and urban development policies in Mashhad. The research method in this study is qualitative (theme analysis) and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The statistical population of the study includes university professors, elites and specialists familiar with the field of modernization in Mashhad. Using purposive non-random sampling method and data adequacy and the principle of saturation, a total of 20 people were interviewed. Data were analyzed in three stages of open and axial and selective coding. The results show that before the revolution, the Western modernization style dominated the city and the Shah tried to implement the Western model in the city's development plans. After the Islamic Revolution, in the direction of urban development, direct and indirect intervention was made in the central part of Mashhad. But in the meantime, during the modernization of Mashhad in the post-Islamic Revolution, conflicts such as national and local conflict; The conflict between tradition and modernity and development without considering the principles of modernization has also emerged. The end result is the change of the city of Mashhad from a religious nature to a new modern city.

The purpose of this study is to present scenarios of innovative citizen participation in order to achieve an innovative economy and strategies to achieve a desirable future in the city of Mashhad.

To do the research, first the initial variables were identified based on theoretical foundations. Then, using the cross-impact matrix method, the key variables were determined with the help of Mic- Mac software. Finally, consistent scenarios are obtained through the method of possible adjusted trends.

Based on the research findings, first the stability and instability of the system was obtained with Mic-Mac and ten key variables with a high impact factor were selected from the initial twenty variables. Eighteen compatible scenarios are extracted from the Scenario Wizard software, 10 of which show the favorable situation, three the current situation and two scenarios the unfavorable situation.

The result indicates that the current situation of innovative citizen participation in order to achieve an innovative economy is relatively unfavorable and far from the desired situation, so city managers should consider the areas of citizen participation in the development of innovative economy by investing in information and communication technology infrastructure, expansion of science and technology parks, electronic education and information of citizens, Urban planning based on new approaches of creative and innovative cities in order to provide favorable conditions for wealth production based on knowledge economy; Employing innovative and innovative human resources in the executive body of urban, etc..

Urban diplomacy is one of the new concepts in the field of diplomacy. This concept refers to the presence of cities along with governments, NGOs, multinational corporations and international organizations as well as other international system actors in international interactions. Metropolises, as the largest human collections in the world, have a huge share in expanding and exploiting urban diplomacy. In other words, metropolitan cities can play a role in the field of diplomacy, in a coordinated manner with countries in this area. Hence, metropolitan areas such as Mashhad, with their unique geographical, religious, economic, cultural, and scientific and communication potential, are of great importance in Iran's diplomatic mobility and engagement with its counterparts and regional organizations such as the ECO. This paper seeks to answer the question that the potential and potential components of the metropolitan macro city role in the field of urban diplomacy, with a view to the geographic area of the ECO Economic Cooperation Organization, is that in Mashhad's opinion, and in a sense Khorasan has more natural, human, and semantic features than other cities in the ECO. The method used is a library and field method (questionnaire).

Modernization is a term used to describe the process of social change in which less developed societies acquire the common features of advanced societies. Modernization brings many positive and negative consequences for cities. Mashhad is one of the metropolises of Iran that despite its traditional and religious context, has been modernized during the last century. Modernization of Mashhad after the Islamic Revolution of Iran has created threats and opportunities for the development of this city. The results of the present study show that economic, commercial, industrial, tourism and political development prosperity, which includes rationalization of authority, promotion of popular participation, increase of soft power, establishment of a regular and separate administrative structure, are among the most important opportunities and disproportionate change of the historical and cultural context of the city, environmental pollution, social and cultural problems have been the most important complications and threats of modernity for the city of Mashhad after the Islamic Revolution of Iran..

Although World War I was the result of a conflict of interest between the great powers of the West, its scope was not limited to the West and it also involved Eastern countries, especially Iran. Although the northwestern and western regions of Iran were the main scene of the occupiers' interventions, the northeast and east of the country were not immune. Naturally, the first result of the occupation of Iran was the emergence and intensification of insecurity in the country.The present study, using the library method, relying on valid documents and with a descriptive-analytical approach, is trying to examine the socio-cultural situation of Khorasan, especially the city of Mashhad during the First World War. The results show that although the security and Comfort of the people of Khorasan were trampled on by the occupiers, miscreants and even thecourt of judiciary (adliyeh), at the same time the growth and spread of culture and education was not only not completely stopped, but also went its own way. And did not stop moving.research goalsExplaining the security situation in Khorasan during the First World WarA study of the activities of Khorasan Education Association in the development of science and educationresearch questionsHow was the security situation in Khorasan during the First World War and what factors influenced it?In the turbulent atmosphere of war, how was the state of science and culture?

After the Islamic Revolution, one of the most unique opportunity of periods of Iranian history, especially in the realm of political freedom and social. Political parties with different ideological approaches took advantage of this historic opportunity. Mko was one of those groups that quickly became the largest leftist political organization in the country and use of all available means, including utilizing the capacities of all parts of the country for power. Mashhad due to its special characteristics in terms of significance after Tehran was one of the centers. Life is organized in Mashhad because of extreme authoritarianism, centralization was in complete dependence and their efforts in recruiting, organizational chart and activities mainly in the central box was designed patterns. However, the opposition mko of components affecting the behavior in Mashhad that were causing changes in the shape and organization measures results. This article seeks to rely on documents and press reviews the ups and downs of Mashhad branch in the years 1357 to 1360.

August 25, 1941 was an important day in the history of Iranian people. Because Allies forces in the World War II try to occupy Iran. To put their plan into the action، England and Soviet Union forces attacked to Iran. In fact by putting Pahlavi Reza khan away because Iranian people wasn’t pleased about him and people so fast back to their own religion and traditional beliefs and ideas. Because Mashhad was a religious city, So such a movement gradually lead to a political way، too. After deleting dictatorship، the second factor in Mashhad social change was the presence of Motafeqin forces. In Mashhad at the same time with HezbeTodeh’s activities and Kasravism (KasraviGaraeeyan)، small social groups and other independent religious groups was deal with a great activities that their action and performance was unrelated with that two groups and even sometimes held against them too that one of the most important of them was Quran Followers Association، Islamic Advertisement، and Publishers Association of facts. This research aim to explain Social، political and Cultural situation of Mashhad in such a great issue، furthermore the problem of entrance of Motafeqin into Iran and Revolution (Kudeta) 1320.

The sweet water constitutes just three percent of the planet’s total water. The difficult conditions become apparent when we learn that the distribution of this volume of water in various areas is unequal. Furthermore, ceaseless population growth and growing consumption of water in various works give rise to sensitive conditions under which many scholars call the 21st century the hydropolitical century. Hence, in the relations among political units in an area where the degree of rainfall is scant and water will provide the ground for future tensions. Afghanistan’s internal mountains are the sources of two Hirmand and Hariroud rivers in eastern Iran. Iran-Afghanistan hydropolitical ties during the last decade have been based on instrumental use of water factor. For this reason, a large number of Iran’s populated settlements in Sistan province have been seriously damaged which led them to migrate to other areas in the country. Given this background, the Iranian state, with Turkmenistan’s cooperation, has built the Friendship Dam above the Hariroud (Tajan) river whose source is located at Afghanistan. Among other things the designers intend to secure Mashad’s drinking water. With such an action, Iran’s eastern part will be included in Kabul’s sphere of influence. Thus, the author believes that in order to escape the negative consequences of this dependence, the Iranian government should establish a kind of geopolitical exchange with Afghanistan.