جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "establishment" در نشریات گروه "علوم سیاسی"

The study explains why integrating or incorporating international law directly into domestic legal systems is considered a useful democratic legal strategy to make international law more effective. It also describes how to incorporate international law into national legal systems. In other words, the aim is to examine how authoritarian regimes have destroyed or weakly implemented these integrated international laws. Incorporated international law is a democratic strategy designed to increase respect for international law. This theory is a long-term game strategy designed under the rules of international law that can eventually outlast periods of authoritarian rule. However, the longer authoritarian leaders are in office, the more time they have to change deeply held concepts of international law. This research argues how authoritarian governments follow the integrated strategy of international law and use it instrumentally in their interests? And sometimes they use this strategy to block policies that reflect their particular understanding of international law.

Educational investment and spending a lot of money to establish educational institutions and, above all, the establishment of schools for children and adolescents has been a special concern in the intellectual system of national and local leaders of the Baha'i sect. In this regard, the focus of its leaders was on classical and school education and due to the great impact on the community of children and adolescents. Therefore, the construction and expansion of schools, attracting material and spiritual support of the Baha'i community and even government elements, attracting efficient teachers, preparing lessons and trainings related to the Baha'i religion has been a special concern in order to propagate and scientific enhancement of its followers against suspicions or propaganda of dissidents . Now, the research with the help of written and oral documents, in a descriptive-analytical method and with the basic question of what the reasons and political-religious contexts for the establishment and development of Bahai schools are in the contemporary history of Iran, Found that The Bahaism as a religious and political organization for various reasons such as the advice of cult leaders, propagation of religion, intellectual alignment of Iranian society, generational education of the Bahai community, protection of religious and political thought of Baha'i adolescents and youth, creating or strengthening unity and solidarity among thinkers And Baha'i teachers, attracting non-Baha'is from teachers to students, political propaganda by highlighting the role of Baha'is in the reform process, especially in modern education in Iran, and finally countering the anti-Baha'i vision, has put the establishment and development of schools his agenda. In addition, interactions with governments and foreign support have been effective in this regard

Governance, as a process in which activities related to public authority are carried out, enjoys the nature of the people if in that process, the people are considered to have rights. In the Fiqh (Islamic jurisprudence) literature, despite the wide coverage of governance, the concept of governance in general and popular governance in particular has been less dealt with. However, it seems that Mohaghegh Naeini has paid due attention to popular governance in his precious book Tanbih al-Umah va Tanzih al-Millah. The present paper is an exploration of Naeini's contribution in the production of jurisprudential literature about popular governance. According to the author, in this book, Naeini has recognized at least the right of the people in the governance process in the four stages of establishment of governance, participation in governance, supervision of governance and transformation in governance. In this regard, relying on Naeini's jurisprudential efforts, we can talk about the capacity of Fiqh to present a jurisprudential model of popular governance and argue about the popular nature of governance.

The establishment and development of numerous Baha'i schools at various levels of education is a feature of contemporary Iranian history. Schools that, except of political analysis, can not be ignored in modern Iranian education. The present study seeks to answer the fundamental question of what reasons and educational backgrounds have been effective in the establishment and development of Baha'i schools in contemporary Iran?

This research has been done with a descriptive-analytical approach and using library resources.

The research findings indicate that educational attractions and innovations, including in educational planning, extracurriculars, teaching and administrative staff, teacher-student relationship, the success of graduates of such schools in formal exams and in entering domestic and foreign higher education centers, Control policy, the education of girls, the education of the children of prominent figures, physical-environmental attractions, in addition the educational facilities and conditions of Iranian society in the late Qajar and early Pahlavi era, along with the national and global movement in the field of education have been involved in this matter.

The Baha'i schools of contemporary Iran, which were established with political-sectarian motives - in addition to the existing contexts - by using educational innovations, were effective in public acceptance and as a result, in the growth and expansion of these educational institutions.These days the Research findings can be Useful for researchers and specialists in the field of education; in addition to deciphering the activities of this sect and its misusing approach.

Parties are a set of members of society that are established and formed on the basis of articles of association and ideologies that need efficient and unambiguous laws for their formation and development. In legalistic societies, the law always explains the existence or non-existence of an establishment, a process and ultimately its end. Accordingly, the Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in its twenty-sixth principle, recognizes the freedom of activity and the formation of political parties, taking into account certain conditions. Regarding the parties, by examining the relevant laws, especially the Law on Parties in 2016 as the last approved law in this field, we find that the legislator, based on the powers derived from the Constitution, has exercised extensive control and supervision over parties from its inception to dissolution. This legislative approach has led to the inefficiency of the legal system of the parties.Considering the importance of laws in the establishment and party activities, the present study tries to examine the obstacles to the establishment and development of parties by descriptive-analytical method by criticizing the law of 2016, and offers solutions to get the parties out of the current passive situation.

How the foundations of a system are viewed justifies its rules and differentiates it from other systems therefore Islamic ruling system is not an exception. Theological and ideological foundations and roots leading to formation and establishment of Islamic Republic of Iran are the same theological foundations of pure Islam and Ahlul Bayt's (a) school. Islamic Republic of Iran enjoys such foundations as divine epistemology and divine ontology, human studies, studies on God (monotheism), studies of religion (unity of religion and politics), studies on infallible Imams’ (a) as well as theory of welayate faqih. These issues are discussed in the field of theology. Fundamental characteristic of this revolution and ruling system and its distinction from other revolutions is its being ideological and Islamic as well as its unparalleled divine leadership.