جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « oriented » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

Transformation of the con cept of state from Ab solute Mon archy to Const itutional Mona rchy and then Dic tatorial Mon archy resulted in Isla mic Repu blic by Imam Komeini (RAH) as the orisian of the concept.
based on state the ories , the resea rch is dealing w ith the questi on that what ty pe of sta te is the idealistic state from the view point of Imam Khom eini (RAH), in the light of “ concept ” ( mechanic al and o rganic ) , “ structure ” ( maxi mal and mi nimal ) and “ the ory ” (explan atory and pres criptive) .
Reg arding the qu estion , some o ther quest ions are also asked : what is th e concept of state? What is the nature and origin of state?
The main assumption of the r esearch is that the id ealist ic state in Imam Kho meini's political thought-despite distin ctions with the Western the ories of state- has some features of mechanical and organi c state, and also has so me features of prescriptive and exp lanatory states and his viewpoint of st ate structura lly is supervisory and coo perative states .
Transformation of the con cept of state in Europe initiated from th e liberal states and resulted in liberal democracy in the age of g lobalization . Based on the trend, transformation of state in the con tempor aryy Iran has been investiga ted. In the Islamic Rep ublic of Iran, the co ncept of democracy c ombined with the Islamic concepts by Ima m Khomeini as the founder of the Islamic Republic . After the dea th of Imam, the theory of Islamic state was theoretically challen ged by the governing bo dy of Iran .

Analyses of ancient civilizations new shows can never in the history of civilization count civilization deep and lasting outline their progress without science and moral interests and deep religion to know your audience. Beneficial science phenomenon can be useful and effective products and institutionalize the highest level of attractiveness in the global technology inventors and explorers community name to establish production of wealth, and the unity of religious orientation that is consistent with human nature in him seeking Right, good willing and rejecting oppression and assistance to the dedication and sacrifice he makes to support the richness of a civilization and culture. The main question of this article is to note the subsequent key by combining the benefits of science and theistic religion in the evolution of how modern civilization can produce synergies and promote their cultural and moral religion and what are the roles of moral religion in this application? The assumption is that science provides beneficial and ethical monotheistic religion and religiosity of modern civilization in context of human society, today and tomorrow. This research used "crossover effect" and thus can determine the foresight to do that three trends of source of production and management efficiency benefits both science and moral religion in the face of intersection with each other in good and evil, virtue the emergence of competition and confrontation between civilization and religious material that when guidance, compliance, alignment and synergy index of science and religion can give birth to modern civilization immobilized in the near future.

Belief in the necessity of referral to religious principles and interpretation of social, political and economic relations, based on the vast capabilities of Islamic religion, was an event that started in the twentieth century in the Muslim world, and defied all dominant discourses. Islamic movement in the course of its evolution has shown itself in different forms and discourses. So that each of these discourses affected from their conceptional meaning, has outlined a particular view. It seems that study of opinions and ideas of Islamic scholars in the discourse of political Islam and explanation of conceptional system, helps us in achievement of a roadmap based on a specified perspective. This paper has reviewed political Islam discourses in terms of civilization-oriented, sharia-oriented and modernism with an emphasis on Islamic civilization-oriented discourse and by using views of prominent scholars of each discourse and has presented perspectives of discourses. The applied method is conceptional system discourse analysis. Based on the paper results from the perspective of Islamic civilization-oriented discourse, west in the form of capitalist affected by imperialistic nature impedes the progress of Muslim world and suffers ignorance. Such a discourse forms its conceptional system by combination of major symptoms available in two discourses of sharia-oriented and modernism. The discourse articulates simultaneously wisdom and philosophy on the one hand, and Islamic traditions, on the other hand. While that discourse stresses the necessity of software movement for producing of knowledge, Islamization of sciences and renewal of Islamic civilization, the prudent and expedient use of science is prescribed. The desired perspective of discourse for Islamic movement is realization of modern Islamic civilization and these discourses present strategies of coping with hegemonic system, using modern science endowments (in the realm of science) and Islamization of sciences (particularly humanities) according to Islamic texts, for the realization of its desired perspective.

Following the formation of the fourth debate in the field of international relations theory, culture became important as well as the tangible elements of shaping behaviors. In these theories, culture and strategic culture as internal factors that shape the identity of actors in the international arena became highlighted, and influenced the attitudes of elites and governments as well as the methods of crisis management of the countries. Thus, identifying factors that shape the identity of a nation and its principles, including strategic culture can help understanding the actions of nations in international crises. This issue reveals its importance in the Middle East crises (most notably the Syrian crisis) due to the great sensitivity of the region. In this paper we attempt to answer this question that, how China's strategic culture affects its behavior in international crisis management in Syria.

Some of the states particularly in the Third World are facing with a problem of the failure of their collective identity in the political realm. Indeed، there is no common sense between the members of these states in order to identify their government from others. The failure of collective identity is quiet important which is regarded as a significant factor for creating crisis for such governments. Iraq is one of the countries that from 1921 have been faced such with problem. Political and social realities have led this country to the way that from Monarchic to dictatorship government and even in the nowadays democratic system still Bagdad is facing with this obstacle. The questing is that what are main factors which have caused the identity crisis in Iraq particularly after 2003. This paper has attempted to answer this question.

One of the most themes of political Islam is influence on the political culture, political structure and international politics. This suggests that a new form of social norms has emerged and affected topics including international politics. Until 1970s evidence was not observable.Islamic Revolution in Iran is a starting point in the development of political Islam in order to influence the processes of international relations. Although political Islam has had cultural, normative andperspective indications in the 1970s, but it has had their impact on the process of the interaction among states and other actors in international politics. Iraqi war against Iran can be known as the starting point for the effectiveness of other Islamic norms in international relations. If war and peace is the most issues in international relations, Shiite political norms have influenced its impacts on the quality of actors’ interaction in such processes in the period of Holly Defense.Shiite political and normative signs have had extensive normative and political consequences in realms of international relations and regional environment of Middle East after the Islamic revolution.What was mentioned as Shiite Crescent in 2006 is extensive reflection of the Shiite political norms including resistance in international relations. Such process and signs also can be considered in the Middle East’s Islamic awakening in 2012.

One of the major classifications of the economy is division into the real and financial sectors. Being at service of financial sector than the real sector of economy is the basic principles of this classification.Financial systems are usually known with financial markets,institutions, and instruments that they are working on financial laws.What the real economy and financial sector developments in the late decades of the twentieth century and early twenty-first century is such that coordinating these two sectors is considered as one of the main concerns of economic policy makers. Path of economic growth from agriculture to industry-based economy and now towards the knowledge-based economy will require financial institutions provide financial services to facilitate such activities appropriately. Policy makers acknowledged Iran's economy has taken step toward the development of knowledge-based economy in the implementation of the fourth and fifth five-year development plans.Financial systems are divided into two systems: relationshiporiented (Bank-Oriented) and rule-based (stock-based). Due to the legal and cultural economic infrastructures, optimal combination of these two systems is required the financial systems to perform their own duties better than the real sector of the economy. The paper explains the relationship between the real and financial sectors of the economy and describes financial sector duties and shows that relationship-oriented and rule-bused financial systems have responded to the question of financing new businesses separately. Venture capital funds are the main entity of rule-based systems but we see the majorrole of development banks in the relationship-oriented financial systems.

A new country called the Republic of Turkey was created under the ashes of the collapsed Ottoman Empire By the end of the First World War. One of the main goals of the new republic leaders was to destroy all elements relating to Islamic identity as elements belonging to the past which was faced with determined resistance of Islamic groups in Turkey. It seems، yet these groups have been unable to deal with secular government actions after nearly eighty years. In this regard، the need for a new discourse in the Turkish community could be felt that might be able to emphasis the dominion of the Muslim fundamentalists in the political arena. Now، the nature، causes، and characteristics of this new discourse will be the topic of our discussion in this article.