جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « sports diplomacy » در نشریات گروه « علوم سیاسی »

Despite the increasing recognition of sports diplomacy, a more comprehensive understanding of its impact on conflict resolution is felt. This study seeks to address the current gap in the literature by providing a nuanced exploration of the role of sports diplomacy within the context of 'sport and conflict resolution.' The main question is: "What is the role of sports diplomacy in conflict resolution for state and non-state actors?". It is hypothesized that the strategic deployment of sports diplomacy is an effective tool in establishing communication and strengthening dialogue in conflict resolution between the involved parties. The research findings indicate that the state actors have used sports diplomacy to fulfill their foreign policy goals to secure their direct or indirect interests. In fact, for states, sports always come second after survival and security, and non-state actors, who are often established as mediators to create and promote peace, use sports diplomacy to remove friction and resolve conflicts between state and non-state actors, create stability, strengthen peace, and ultimately provide human security. The qualitative research method is based on description analysis, and data collection was done through library and virtual resources.

In today's world, sports diplomacy is considered as one of the most important factors for producing soft power for the countries. The purpose of this research is to compare the sports diplomacy of Iran and one of the countries of the Persian Gulf region, Qatar, which has made significant achievements in this field. The main question of this research is, what are the similarities and differences between the sports diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran and Qatar? This research was done by using a comparative method, and the method of collecting information is the library. The theoretical foundations of this research are based on Joseph Nye's soft power, as the use of sports diplomacy is one of the tools of soft power. The Findings of this research show that in the field of investment in sports, the country of Qatar has made huge expenses to promote sports diplomacy. While the state of investment and sports facilities and infrastructure in Iran is experiencing disorder. In terms of power and influence in international sports forums and in terms of obtaining the privileges of hosting world-class and prestigious competitions Qatar has more ideal conditions than Iran; But in winning international sports honors, Iran has performed better due to its large population compared to Qatar. In the field of sports development, Qatar has more significant progress and development than Iran, and finally, Qatar benefits from a better media power than Iran to promote sports diplomacy and gain soft power.

The purpose of the present study was to develop sports diplomacy on the horizon of the second step of the Islamic Revolution of Iran. The present study is a mixed (qualitative-quantitative) study. The statistical population in the qualitative sector includes all experts in the field of sports management, strategic management, diplomacy, international relations, and sports sociology at the Deputy Minister, President of the Federation, and Advisor It was the minister and university professors who were selected as a snowball from the sampling method. The interview experts were semi-structured. In this study, the systematic method of Strauss and Corbin was used to encode the interviews and the coding was carried out by MAXQDA software. The statistical population of the small section included all experts, faculty, and all relevant officials (current and former), including specialists and sports managers, and executives at the Ministry of Sport and Youth. The method of sampling was a multistep cluster. The data collected by PLS software was tested. The findings showed that 13 concepts were identified in terms of causal conditions, and these concepts were divided into 2 categories. Also, for contextual conditions 13 concepts and 3 categories and intervention factors 13 concepts 3 categories, and strategies 11 concepts and 3 categories and consequences of 10 concepts. And there were 3 categories. With the constructive cooperation between the country's executive organizations of international sports potential by these organizations, one can hope to improve the current conditions and thus promote Iranian sports diplomacy

Modern sports have an important role and position in the contemporary world. Despite the assumption of "separation of sports from politics", it must be acknowledged that there is a stable two-way relationship between sports and politics in the domestic and foreign spheres. Considering the impact of sports on the public mind, today sports is not just a competition for entertainment in international arenas, but it is a factor for transferring feelings, experiences of cultures and an effective tool for pursuing foreign policy and national interests.The results of the research indicate that the Arab sheikhs, aware of the sports potentials and capabilities and the use of soft power, are looking for a kind of branding and presentation of Saudi Arabia as a modern and peace-loving land. Therefore, by hosting sports competitions and employing the stars of the sports world, it has strengthened its mental and objective power, and by using economic and commercial opportunities, it has strengthened its credibility and Increase their international prestige. In addition to this, reducing dependence on oil resources, diversifying income sources and increasing the flow of capital, as well as playing a new role in the field of geopolitics, are other reasons for Saudi investment in the field of sports

The relations between the Islamic Republic of Iran and Saudi Arabia have faced many challenges in the last few decades. The use of sports and sports diplomacy has recorded a documented experience in the history of world sports diplomacy. Based on this, the current research seeks to answer the question of how sports diplomacy can be a suitable strategy for improving political relations with Saudi Arabia. The findings of the research, taking into account Alexander Van Moyd's point of view, are the predominance of Kantian's point of view or friendship over Lackey's point of view or competition based on sports diplomacy. In this article, according to the strategic requirements and regional considerations of Tehran and Riyadh, which want to normalize relations and end several years of hostility and competition, we use a descriptive-analytical method, relying on written library sources and internet articles on sports diplomacy. We have used it as a suitable strategy to improve political relations with Saudi Arabia.

To present a model of sport diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

In this study, a snowball sampling technique was used to select an initial group for interview, and then the other groups were introduced for interview by the same group, and the sampling continued until the theoretical saturation was sufficient. In interview stage, 16 interviews were conducted to inform the experts. After reaching theoretical saturation by analyzing data from interviews, comparative studies, existing background and analysis, identified sport diplomacy items and finally sports diplomacy questionnaire was designed. For the reliability of the measuring instrument, the agreement between two coders based on kappa coefficient was used. To assess the content validity of the questionnaire, 8 experts in physical education were asked to examine the questions based on the first stage model. According to the experts, a final questionnaire with 104 questions was prepared.

After open coding, categories including causal conditions, contextual conditions, action strategies and consequences of sports diplomacy were extracted., At the axial and selective coding stage, the link between these categories was determined in the form of a research paradigm model and the final theory was formed.

In the qualitative stage model, the causal factors, power tools, financial conditions, and identity instruments were causal factors in the sport diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Structural factors, sport status of the country, participation, empowerment, and media were among the most effective background conditions in the sport diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

One of the most important issues in international relations is the concept of "power". Joseph Nye's initiative in separating hard power from soft power gave new form to the definition of power. Sports diplomacy is considered as one of the key ways of forming soft power and countries are trying to find solutions to reduce tensions, political, economic and social effects with other actors in this supply. The strong presence of Iranian national teams, especially wrestling, in popular international events such as the Olympic Games has created an opportunity for sports to help improve Iran's position in the new world structure, even reducing tensions with its longtime enemy, the United States. Therefore, the present study seeks to answer the question that what role did the soft power of sports diplomacy, especially wrestling, play in Iran-US relations from 1998 to 2013? Studies using the soft power theoretical framework showed that the main hypothesis about the impact of wrestling on the formation of the soft power of sports diplomacy, at critical times and at the lowest cost has helped to improve Iran-US relations. This study also offers suggestions for better use of ship soft power to reduce problems in Iran-US relations.

Modern sport has been dramatically internationalized and the strategic, conscious and purposeful use of sport by countries to create interaction, information and positive indexing and increase international credibility to increase activism and pursue foreign policy goals can be attributed to related on sports diplomacy. Sport has a positive role as one of the tools in diplomacy and politics. Sports diplomacy has become a tool for governments to use to improve their positions and credibility. Therefore, it is important to address the issue that in addition to military or political power, there are other and less costly ways in which countries can achieve their goals. Qatar is one of these countries that, despite its special geographical location, is using this type of diplomacy to achieve its regional and international goals. In this regard, the main question of the forthcoming article was how sports diplomacy affects Qatar's international prestige. Using descriptive analytical method, it is hypothesized that Qatar has been able to host the 2022 FIFA World Cup through sports diplomacy, with four components: becoming an important regional player, an important opportunity for public diplomacy and power. Soft, participation in peace and security and attracting public opinion, play a serious role for itself and ultimately increase its international prestige and prestige.

With the expansion of the process of globalization and the transition from hard power and emphasis on soft power, various types of diplomacy were introduced in this field, among which we can mention sports diplomacy. This type of diplomacy can be considered as "public diplomacy", which is used to improve the mid-term and long-term relations between governments by influencing the general public abroad to achieve foreign policy goals. Therefore, the present article, which seeks to study the role and impact of sports diplomacy in international relations, will examine the issue of sports in the form of sports diplomacy after expanding the conceptual space of the research topic. According to the thematic documentation presented in this article, the question that can be asked is what effect does sports diplomacy have on international relations? The research method used is descriptive-analytical and the data collection method is library method. The findings of this article indicate that sports diplomacy is a subset of public diplomacy in which the public diplomacy, under the rules of sport, pursues a policy of sharing norms between nations, which at the same time can facilitate cooperation, strengthen intercultural understanding, and eliminate alienation or separation between peoples and governments.

Today, the use of soft power and its localization in the evolution of the global economic-political system is an undeniable necessity that can be examined in three dimensions: cultural, economic and political. One of the sub-variables in the cultural sector is sports. Also, with the transformation of post-Cold War conflicts, first-line diplomacy, which is a way of resolving conflicts over interests and power, could not resolve conflicts alone. Hence, other methods, such as second-line diplomacy, came to the aid of formal diplomacy with the aim of removing the roots of the conflict and played a complementary role. This technique, which is performed by informal individuals and in informal settings, is one of the most effective steps towards providing peace at the formal level, and one of the second types of diplomacy is sports diplomacy. This qualitative research using data-based theory method seeks to answer the question that what is the role of second-line diplomacy in Iran-US relations in the field of sports diplomacy? The research tools are interviews and the statistical population is sports managers. The results showed that four broad lines including multilateral development, solidarity, communication management and international prestige with their subcategories as the main components of second-line diplomacy are more effective in Iran-US relations, and second-line diplomacy, especially sports diplomacy. Can be much more effective in critical situations; Where formal diplomacy is unable to resolve conflicts of interest and power.

In coordination with new phenomena and changes, dipiomaey also has involved changes and the international actors, in regard to adopting themselves with future conditions, use the novel perspectives of diplomacy to creat opportunities and change them to useful situations. From this view, as much as the concept of diplomacy and its related subsystems are to be more comprehensive, the foreign policy of governments will be more effective. Thus, studying, recognizing and explaining diplomatic movements of other active actors such as Qatar governemet (which inspite of having no some relative components of power such as population and land extent) is one of the important methods to realize the international interactions. The main question of present article is studying the behavioristic obligations, novel diplomatic ways and necessaties of Qatare government and which diplomatic approach has been considered by Duha to act as effectively as possible. The hypothesis of this research is the effective use of new diplomatic domains such as economic, educational, mass media and mediative diplomacy, additionally, programs like importing external capital, facilitating business, developing tourism, getting access to modern science and technology, international imagery by Qatar govenement. The research method is of a descriptive- analytic and qualitative type.