جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "ایران و خاورمیانه" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

Changing in international relations content¡ new perspectives and availability of information technologydue to globalization is reason of the importance of ethnicity and religious-ethnic minorities during this time especially in politics. Under the influence of changing in the approaches and factors in international relations¡ diplomacy is also not far from these developments and changing. The important things about this matter are two issues; first¡perception of the security issues in the Middle East that is under the influence of ethnic diversity and second¡ the need for a new approach to content and tools in the diplomatic process. For these two issues¡ choosing a diplomatic approach by ethnic and cultural homogeneity is required¡ the thing that constructivism school has especial ability to analyze and explain. Because according to this theory what people want is “who has relation whit them and how much is rate of affiliation and similarities identity whit them and their ethnic”. So choosing a person with the same ethnic and religious identities in today's Middle East for an efficient diplomacy is necessary and effective. This manner helps some country like Iran who has Strong historical identity¡ in foreign affair and national solidarity. In brief¡ taking into account today's realities of globalization ¡ethnic and cultural identity and internal conditions¡ choosing new approach for greater participation of ethnic groups in foreign policy and diplomacy seems to be necessary and useful.

Employment, especially female employment, has become an important, influencing issue in decisions and plans in the country in recent decades. This article reviews changes in female employment in Iran. For this purpose, the indicator of female participation in labor force in World Development Indicators series, which is provided by the World Bank, is used. Shift-share analysis method was applied to analyze data over two periods 1985-1995 and 1995-2005. Results indicate that over time the structure of female employment has been fundamentally changed. So that, within two decades the share of women in the labor force has increased from 19.3 percent in 1985 to 33.8 percent in 2005. Also, during the periods the female employment growth rate had been more than the country's share of the growth for Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. The disproportionate growth seems to be due to competition and the structure positive growing, i.e. during the period the growth and mobility of women in economic activities in Iran was positive and also more than MENA region.