جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « جمعیت » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Five-year development plans determine the path of growth and development of our country in economic, social and cultural dimensions. These programs are compiled based on the constitution, the country's 20-year vision document and general policies announced by the Supreme Leader. Due to the important and valuable position of women in society, in all programs, there are provisions dedicated to women's issues in all cultural, social and economic dimensions. Although some of these provisions are useful, they are not enough for this area. The Seventh Development Plan Bill is not an exception to this rule and, despite the good points raised in it, it also faces shortcomings. In this article, the method of categorical content analysis has been used, and the previous development programs have been reviewed, and it has been tried to analyze the materials and clauses mentioned in chapter 16 of the seventh development program, which is dedicated to women, family and the population. To improve and complete the mentioned materials, provide tips, criticisms and suggestions. In this program, we have positive and better points regarding the status of women and family than in previous development programs, still the general evaluation of the proposed rulings in the field of women, family and the young people of the population shows the lack of comprehensiveness in problem analysis and the lack of discourse consensus in it has the field of women and family. So, it has been tried to provide corrective rulings in accordance with each section and the identified challenges

The problem of reducing the fertility rate in recent decades in Iran and formulating appropriate policies to improve it has been one of the main challenges of policymakers in the social sphere. The purpose of the current research is to study the future of the population of the province until 1420 based on possible scenarios. For this purpose, in order to achieve the goal of the research, while determining the required assumptions, using the secondary analysis method and with the help of Spectrum software, population forecasting is done by age, gender, urban and rural groups for the cities of the province. done. The selected scenario is based on the continuation of the current trend of fertility, mortality and migration of the province. The future demographic developments of the province show that the population of the province has structurally entered the stage of old age and the share of the elderly population will increase significantly and the population under 15 years will decrease and this will cause problems in the regeneration process. Such a trend can be observed among the cities of the province.

The population decline crisis in Iran is an important and significant issue. This research has been done in order to find policy solutions to achieve proportionate growth in field of fertility. In this regard, current research has studied the possibilities of facilitating childbearing with two methodological approaches of policy research and comparative study; Policy research is process of conducting research on an important social problem or analyzing it, in order to provide practical recommendations to policy makers to solve problems. For this purpose, fertility status of women in two Islamic countries (Iran,Turkey) and two Scandinavian countries (Sweden,Norway) has been analyzed and compared. Results show that policy of Scandinavian governments has been able to encourage women to have more children. Study of Turkey shows population crisis in this country; Turkish government is trying to encourage families to have children by applying incentive policies. Iran is also moving toward aging in terms of demographics, and so far no serious action has been taken to encourage families to have children, although there is hope with adoption of Youth Population Law. It is suggested that while solving economic problems in this regard, attention should be paid to creating more job security for women, including allocating a quota to them in the board of directors of companies. It is also possible to use political experience of Scandinavian countries, of course, we must keep in mind that along with growth in these countries, there are also damages that must be considered in finding an Islamic-Iranian model.

 The policies of generation limitation in the last three decades have led to the reduction of the population and the beginning of the aging crisis in the country. The problem is that some policy makers do not know enough about the Shari'a dimensions of the issue of generation limitation. In order to solve this problem, the issue of generation limitation must be explained first, and then its Shariah ruling should be extracted by referring to the jurisprudence rules. In order to explain the issue, the definition, effects and consequences of generation limitation need to be clarified from the point of view of experts, for this purpose, referring to the views of the Supreme Leader can be the best option; Because they have full respect for the religious, political and social dimensions of this issue. Based on this, the research question is as follows: What is the definition, effects and consequences of generational restriction from the Supreme Leader's point of view, and based on this explanation, what is its Shariah ruling based on jurisprudence? The findings indicate that the decrease in population from their point of view is the cause of weakening the system, harming Muslims, favoring and dominating the enemy, which according to the analysis of the theme, can be matched with the jurisprudence rules of "negating the beard", "protecting the essence of Islam", "sanctity of the donation" and It is "harmless", the result of this adaptation is the impermissibility of policies that limit the generation in the country.

With the development of technology globally, a new era of job opportunities based on information technology has been created and has posed challenges to the labor market. It is important to know these developments scientifically and politically. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the transformation of jobs based on information technology in the country. 

Methods and Data:

 In addition to using existing data sources such as national census data, the present paper also used documentary-analytical methods and structured interview techniques. 

The findings of the study showed that following the wide wave of changes in IT-based jobs in different countries of the world, our country has experienced significant changes in this field in the last two decades. Teleworking, the existence of new startups of Digi Kala and Snapp are examples of this transition in Iran. The study of changes in the classification structure of jobs based on information technology in 2016 compared to 1996 shows that in the main group of specialists, 9 job titles and in the main group of technicians and assistant specialists, 12 job titles have been added to the group of units. 

The effect and pace of change in IT-based jobs in the country has been significant and noticeable. Studying the driving factors and measuring the realization of the predicted turning points in the field of transformation of IT-based jobs in Iran, especially in the provinces for the next five years are the research recommendations. 

 Key Message: 

The use of information technology in the government, business, international and domestic exchanges parts have caused fundamental changes in the national economy. Accelerating the path of transformations and updating new technologies in the field of occopations and joining the global economy is the most important policy message of paper.

This paper aims to study the relationship between population and politics in Iran. This research acknowledges the dialectic relationship between population and politics and attempts to study the role of changes in the size and structure of the population on politics.  The main method of this study is the documentary method. According to the results, the population of Iran has affected political changes in different ways at different time periods, in terms of changes in size as well as age structure. These impacts came out of institutional channels. Population growth alongside an uneven regional and district development led to the Islamic Revolution. During Iraq-Iran war, the growth of population size alongside a very young age structure due to the growth rate of earlier decades provided a strong force for an eight-year resistance. After the war, the pressure resulted from the large population size on governmental as well as non-governmental institutions led to a major shift in population policy which is considered as population control. Several years later and currently, the structure of the controlled population imposed other forms of pressure on the government whose management requires scientific and realistic policies.

Malnutrition is a big challenge in population and anti-poverty policy making. It could adversely affect productivity and lower income, which result in a food poverty trap. A diverse set of socio-economic factors affect malnutrition. Income growth could be an important factor in lowering malnutrition. However, a key requirement is that calorie and macronutrients demand also increase with income. In this paper we use parametric and non-parametric methods to estimate the income elasticity of calorie and macronutrients (protein, carbohydrates, and fat) for urban areas of Iran. We combine data from urban household income and expenditure surveys between 2008 and 2016 to calculate income, purchased calorie and macronutrients of households. The non-parametric results show that the income elasticity is significantly different from zero in low-income households but becomes insignificant in higher deciles. The parametric results show that the income elasticity of calorie and macronutrients are between 0.18 and 0.27. Thus, policies that enhance household income are effective in reducing malnutrition.

Due to the structural and attitudinal changes in Iran, marriage age has been documented in various research studies, but so far, the determinants of the intended age of marriage have not been studied. This study aimed to investigate the determinants of the intended age of marriage of unmarried youths in Isfahan. The sample includes 400 young people aged 18-35 years who were collected using a sampling method. To gather the data, we interviewed the subjects in 2021. Analysis of variance, Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple regression were used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that the average intended age of marriage for boys and girls are 28.2 and 26.6 years respectively. However, the optimal age of marriage for men and women is lower than the intended age of marriage. The gap indicates that marriage is affected by many factors. According to the findings, the variables of religious commitment, work experience, and guidance of friends have a significant relationship with the intended age of marriage of girls. Also, the intended age of marriage of boys has a significant relationship with the variables of education, religious commitment, and socio-economic status. In general, according to this study, in addition to economic factors, values and attitudinal change are also important at the intended age of marriage, and due to the high age of intended marriage, facilitating youth marriage and encouraging them to marry at the appropriate age is very important.

The leading article aims to examine the demographic, social, and economic situation of female-headed households in Iran with a descriptive-analytical approach and using raw data of two percent of the 2016 census. The results showed that the proportion of these women in the country has increased by 4.3 percent in the last two decades. Sistan and Baluchestan and Kurdistan provinces have the highest and lowest percentages of female-headed households, respectively. This increase has also been for single-parent households. The highest percentage of this household was in South Khorasan province and the lowest in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad provinces. More than 27 percent of female-headed households have no literate family members. 86% of women were unemployed and 14% were employed, which is a large gap between the two families. Analyzes showed that the gender of the head of the household was significantly related to age, marital status, literacy status, level of education, and activity status of the head of the household. In terms of age structure, female-headed households are older than their male counterparts, and in terms of marital status, most men have a spouse and most female-headed households are unmarried. Also, illiteracy, education, and employment rates are higher among female-headed households than their male counterparts. The implicit concept is that female-headed households are not in a better position than male-headed households in terms of the indicators examined.

The data of historical sources suffer from great heterogeneity, contradiction, and ambiguity to understand the demographic changes of the Isfahan population between the 10th and 13th centuries AH / 16th to 19th AD. Therefore, in the present research, with a historical approach and analytical-comparative method, seeks to identify and represent the demographic changes of this city during the mentioned centuries.The results obtained are as follows: First, the immigration outside the city of Isfahan caused by negative factors such as killing, disease, and famine, and also the immigration that were carried out from outside to the Safavid capital influenced by the positive economic, political, and cultural attractions of Isfahan, was the main factor in the decrease and increase of the population of this city during the 10th to 13th centuries AH / 16th to 19th AD. Second, according to an approximate estimate, the general slope of Isfahanchr('39')s population between the beginning of the 10th century AH to the early 12th century AH/16th to 18th AD increased and become meaningful after the fall of the Safavid government until the end of the 19th century AD/13 AH suffered sharp fluctuations and decrease. Third, the main population density of the city was concentrated in the northwest to southwest neighborhoods. Fourth, the immigration of groups with very diverse socio-geographical origins to the city of Isfahan, a sign of the lack of a clear plan and need for the economic system and the weakness of the middle layer of social stratification as the main carrier of capitalist formation was mentioned during the centuries; As a result, this issue has shown the tendency of socio-economic formation of the Safavid capital to maintain the existing structure.

Population growth in the country has been declining in recent years and forecasts show that in the not too distant future, Iran will face the phenomenon of aging and a little further away with a further decline in population growth and population decline. This in itself can have many negative consequences for the country. To prevent these harmful consequences, it is necessary for social policy makers to implement appropriate programs to get out of this harmful situation in order to maintain the reliability and dynamism of the population. This article believes that the way out of this situation is to revive the Islamic-Iranian way of life based on the principles and values of religion and indigenous culture. Therefore, it has tried to provide a cultural model for increasing fertility, based on religious thought. The finding suggests that a religious model at three levels of beliefs, values and norms by shaping behaviors, can help increase fertility. The research method is descriptive and analytical in the data collection stage and descriptive and analytical in the processing stage

Population policy-making in Iran has undergone fundamental changes in recent years, and currently, regulations aimed to encourage population growth are on the agenda of the parliament and the government. Considering that the main concern of the population control and reduction approach in all societies, including Iran -even at the family level- has been about the qualitative dimension of the population; therefore, it is expected that special attention has been paid to improving the qualitative dimension of the population in micro and macro level policies and legislations. In this study, the contents of upstream documents are analyzed and their attention to the qualitative dimension of population is examined. The aim is to evaluate the current and desirable status of the qualitative dimension of population growth in upstream documents and emerging regulations with the purpose of population growth. The results indicate that there are fundamental gaps and lack of reflection of qualitative aspects between the upstream documents and new rules (such as providing physical, mental, sexual and spiritual parenting education; providing psychological and skill-based counselling and honoring large families). In conclusion, this study addresses the requirements of qualitative population growth and the need to integrate them into the laws and regulations related to population growth.

Intorduction:

 Population and its characteristics play an important role in planning and policy-making and setting economic and social goals. The purpose of this article is to investigate the impact of population growth on economic growth by meta-analysis.

The aim of this study was to quantitatively combine the results of research conducted on the impact of population growth on economic growth, using meta-analysis method and comprehensive meta-analysis software (CMA2, STATA15) and searching in different databases among 143 articles, 48 ​​dissertations, and 32 selected articles. Finally, 18 studies were selected and reviewed based on six meta-analysis criteria.

Population growth has a negative effect on economic growth with an effect size of -0.38. Also, the age structure of the population with the effect size equal to 0.91 positive effect, the type of model used with the effect size of 2.27 in the self-explanatory vector pattern and 3.16 in the data panel pattern, the data type with the effect size (2.18, 3.13, and 0.40 respectively) in data (cross-sectional series, integrated data, and time series data) and skill combination with an effect size of 0.63 had a positive effect on economic growth.

According to the funnel diagram, the effect size of the studies did not have a diffusion bias. The magnitude of the effect on males is greater than females. Therefore, it can be said that men have a greater impact on economic growth. The effect of increasing education and skills were found to be significant.

In the new theories of environmental demography, in addition to population size, population composition including age and sex composition, educational and subsistence composition is also identified as a factor that affects the population behavior with the environment. Inspired by these theories, this paper aims to explain the differences in agricultural water use in Iran, at the county (Shahrestan) level based on various demographic components. The data for the study is drawn from the combination of three databases of national population and housing census, national agricultural census and national survey based on the county unit, and analyzed by using the Partial Squares Structural Equation Modeling. The results indicate that although population and household size have been the dominant demographic variable affecting agricultural water consumption, subsistence composition, sex composition and rural age dependency ratio,as wll as educational composition of agricultural beneficiaries have also impacted the agricultural water consumption directly or through the land area or cultivation pattern combination.

Healthy living makes sense in a healthy city. A healthy city is protective of wellbeing and is required to determine the appropriate conditions for activities. The present survey aimed to study the effect of urban health with environmental amenities indicators and demographic factor on the tendency of citizens to move in 5 selected regions in Tehran in the year 2018.  A number of 1103 citizens of districts 2.7.10.19.21 were interviewed using a probability sampling. We used a questionnaire technique to collect information and SPSS software was used for the statistical analysis. According to the findings, the seven indicators of urban health in the study areas were measured and it was shown that the areas have significant differences in terms of the amenities. The results of logistic regression showed that an average of about 12% tendency of spatial displacement or movement of respondents is explained by demographic variables and urban health. Urban health along with other demographic variables had an inverse effect on the tendency to displacement in all controlled models. Wherever, there was greater urban health, there was less propensity to move or displace. It was also observed that the lowest tendency for movement was among respondents of regions two and seven.

Population age structure can have significant effects on economic performance considering the different economic behavior of individuals in various stages of life. In this paper, the impact of population age structure on economic growth was investigated using provincial data. For this purpose, the impact of the working-age ratio, young working-age share, old working-age share and literacy rate (in the first model) and the working-age ratio, prime-age share, elderly share and literacy rate (in the second model) on the economic growth was examined using provincial panel data. The period of 2006, 2011 and 2016 was considered.  Findings of the study show that the working-age ratio, young working-age share, prime-age share and literacy rate have a positive effect and the old working-age share and elderly share have a negative effect on economic growth of the provinces of Iran.

Since the regulation of population policies and the enactment of laws and regulations related thereto are among the priorities of the Islamic Republic of Iran, these laws and regulations must be formulated and implemented with a long perspective in accordance with demographic conditions and characteristics; A desirable demographic system is necessary and necessary to identify appropriate indicators to legitimize demographic and child policies. T The need to address this is because population and child policies are of paramount importance in the realization of the government's development plan and are a component of authority, national power, and system stability. In addition, the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran has adopted inconsistencies in the adoption of population policies and laws, due to the lack of specific indicators in the definition of population policies and the lack of attention to the subject of population at times and places. The authors are therefore descriptive and analytically seeking to answer the question, "Given the pathology of the population-based regulatory system, which indicators can serve the purposes of population policy?" With the pathology of current population laws and policies, it will become clear that the country's population system has been damaged; regionalization, and attention to population quality, and a focus on the principle of proportionality.

The study aims at investigating the body management among women and its effect on their attitude toward fertility. The method used in this study is scrolling. The statistical population is married womens aged 15_49 in fertile age in Jahrom, 400 women were selected as sample by multi_stages sampling. The research instrument is a questionnaire used to determine its validity by formal credibility, and to determine the reliability of the internal co-ordination method using Cronbach's Alpha method.The descriptive results of the research indicate that the mean score of women's attitude to fertility is high. The analytical results show that among the research structure,body management (total), body appearance management and fitness management have an impact on women's attitudes toward fertility.Among the population variables, age, number of children and type of occupation have a significant relationship with women's attitude to fertility. The explanation of the dependent variable in terms of the sum of independent variables indicates that the body appearance management and the number of children are respectively the most powerful predictor of women's attitude to fertility, and they are able to explain the 0/230 of variations changes in the attitude toward fertility. The findings are compared with similar results, and finally, suggestions are presented.

A famousstatement in public and scientific circles in Iran is that the increase in population leads to poverty and deteriorating living conditions; because the facilities and resources are allocated to more people. After reviewing different theories, this paper studies comparatively, the relationship between population and economic status in various countries. This study is a secondary analysis of published statistics of different countries. At last, based on the empirical analysis, the statement is evaluated.