جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « critique » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

In recent years, the editing of classical texts has captivated many enthusiasts. However, like all endeavors, this task requires certain skills and qualifications that not everyone possesses. Consequently, many ancient texts presented today as "editions" are riddled with serious errors and contribute to cultural and intellectual losses. Among the recently published works is "The Divan of Mahmoud Bakrani" and "The Divan of Rukn Bakrani," which the editors have unfortunately filled with glaring and numerous errors. In this article, we highlight some of these numerous mistakes.

The evidence presented in this issue, with a greater focus on the old translation, is categorized into three main areas: 1. Excessive literal translation; 2. Certain mistakes; 3. The nuances of Arabic translations in the old translation (a new focus). In other words, aside from the third area, which is introduced here for the first time, the other pieces of evidence in this article fall under the same previous categories and complement them.

One of the most valuable classical Persian prose texts, both historically and literarily, is the world history book "Tārīkh-e Jahān-Gushā" by ‘Aṭā-Malik Juveinī. So far, only scholars such as Ahmad Khatami, Shahrokh Mousavian, Habibollah Abbasi, and Iraj Mehreki have written three complete explanations on the first volume of this work, attempting to unravel the semantic ambiguities and complexities in its text. However, upon careful reading of the contents of this book, we observe that some expressions have not been properly explained and interpreted as deserved and necessary, and some of the respected commentators' opinions are incompatible with the text's structure. Furthermore, as one of the prose texts taught in the field of Persian language and literature in postgraduate studies is the book "Tārīkh-e Jahān-Gushāy-e Juveinī," efforts have been made to reinterpret and clarify the correct meaning of the expressions in this book, relying on both textual and non-textual evidence and other relevant sources. Therefore, in this article, the writer's efforts and findings for the enlightenment of students and enthusiasts of Persian literary texts have been presented.

The present study criticizes the book “Foundations of Curriculum Planning of Elementary Education” by Musapour with a descriptive and analytical approach in two dimensions of form and content. In order to analyze, the method of criticism was used which is based on the "guidelines for preparing critical articles for scientific research publications, critical research papers of humanities texts and programs". After the general introduction of the work, in the first step, the points and shortcomings of the book's shape and form dimensions were pointed out. In this context, the book's cover and design, the analysis of the book's editing and writing rules, and the list of sources and sources were examined respectively. In this context, respectively attention was paid to the description, analysis, and content criticism of the book and the strengths and weaknesses of its content dimensions. In this context, respectively the appropriateness of the title and table of contents with the content of the book, the separation of the chapters of the book, and the organization and coherence of the content and presentation of the content were investigated. It was also analyzed for its novelty and applicability of the content. In the end, it can be stated that the content of the book failed to meet the reader's expectations by emphasizing the three features of the basics of lesson planning, familiarity with the lesson planning of elementary education, and practicality, and it has provided suggestions to improve the work.

One of the works of Allāma Mīr Hāmed Hussein is his first Manhaj known as "Abaqāt," recently, the section containing the verses of this Manhaj has been researched, edited and published by Mohammad Javad Rajabzadeh. This writing provides a critical examination of the conducted research and highlights some shortcomings in the adopted research methods. Numerous errors in reading the text of the manuscript, lack of precise comparison with existing manuscripts, failure to observe fidelity in reflecting the text of the manuscript, and insufficient comparison of many citations with sources are among the deficiencies of this research. Although it is rare to find a research free from these flaws, what has happened in the mentioned research, and what we seek to prove, is the multiplicity and diversity of mistakes related to the mentioned issues. In this writing, after explaining the shortcomings and some of their reasons, we present 65 pieces of errors from the edited text as a handful of examples. In the course of discussing the shortcomings and their solution, in addition to proving the need for a critical review of the first Manhaj of Abaqāt, practical insights and points for those interested in the field of manuscript edition will be addressed.

Divan Khaqani is one of the texts that requires mental effort to understand; the difficulty of Khaqani's poetry on the one hand and its teaching in different courses of Persian language and literature on the other hand has made commentators interested in its description, and several descriptions and excerpts have been published. One of these books is a book called "Saghar-e Bolourin". This book was written by Mr. Ahmed Ghanipour Malik Shah and Tirgan Publishing published it for the first time in 2019. In addition to the good aspects of this book, there are some problems, and a detailed and complete review of all of them does not fit in one article. Therefore, the most important items have been selected and reviewed here. Semantic problems of some verses, numerous uses of other people's works without referring to them, writing problems, incorrect references, unjustified changes in the text of poems, not following the precise and scientific method in writing and documenting and introducing the list of sources, not introducing the description method, and other requirements of writing a book are among the things that are included in the list of the book shortcomings. While carefully examining the mentioned problems, finally, by showing many inaccuracies in the book, we come to the conclusion that the book needs serious editing and these problems noticeably cast a shadow on the scientific position of the book.

Every country needs a grand model for its progress to transition from the current situation and problems and move towards the desired situation in the future. Therefore, in the Islamic Republic of Iran, the design and approval of the Iranian Islamic model of progress is of strategic importance. The horizon of progress is considered in the basic Islamic model of Iranian progress, the new Islamic civilization. But one of the drawbacks of the basic Iranian Islamic model of progress is that it is not designed and developed based on a civilized approach. In other words, the role and influence of modern Islamic civilization as a horizon of progress in designing the principles and measures of the model has not been seen. Accordingly, the purpose of this article is to critique the basic Iranian Islamic model of progress based on the civilization approach using the analytical method. Presenting a conceptual framework based on the civilization approach in order to design the final Iranian Islamic model of progress is one of the results of this study.

Academic textbooks should be written in a way that meets the needs of the audience in various related scientific and research fields. To this end, critical evaluation of academic texts is a vital step in the consistency of any discipline and its curriculum. This need is especially felt in the recently established field of Folklore literature. The books that have been written so far about the basics of this newly established discipline are not more than a limited number, but these studies are expanding day by day, so it is vital to criticize these sources in order to improve the quality of the books. Undoubtedly, every written text has useful and significant aspects, and it probably has some issues that reminding and solving would result in the work`s edition. With this description, in order to achieve such a goal, the present article, with a descriptive-analytical method and a critical approach, reviewed one of the most important books in the field of Folk literature, namely "Folklore Culture". The most important results of this research are shortcomings such as not addressing the research background of the issues raised, generalization in some cases, purely descriptive approach, lack of organized connection between theory and other parts of the book, etc., as well as finding the advantages and innovative aspects of this book. This work, with minor modifications, can be valuable work for researchers in the field of Folk literature.

“Kelileh va Demneh”, translated by Abul Maali Nasrullah bin Muhammad Munshi, is one of the valuable and lasting works of Persian prose of the 6th century, which has been edited and published many times in Iran and abroad. Undoubtedly, the revised edition of Mojtaba Minavi in 1343 in Tehran is the best of them. Among the other corrections and explanations of this book, which researchers do not need to refer to when reading the text of “Kelileh va Demneh”, the correction and annotations are by Ayatollah Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli, who published the sixth edition of it in 2019 from Bostan publisher. Although Ayatollah Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli prepared this work from several manuscripts and with Arabic “Kelileh va Demneh”, and he also reminded me of the misreading, distortions, and other defects in the printed documents, the author has found errors and slips in the correction, research, and annotations of Ayatollah Hassan Hassanzadeh Amoli of “Kelileh va Demneh”, which he criticizes and evaluates some of them by comparing the printings of Minawi and Gharib as well as some other manuscripts in this essay.

Criticism and study of literary works, especially those that deal with specific types of literary types and have gained a lot of acceptability among linguists, is of great value. In the meantime, reviewing and criticizing valuable works such as "Mjm'a Al'amthal" Book by Abolfazl Meydani, which was written in the early periods of compiling Arabic literature, to prevent the change, distortion, and destruction of the valuable heritage of proverbs, to collect, describe and explaining such language becomes double. In this regard, the present study intends to provide a more profound and scientific knowledge of this valuable work in structural critique and the descriptive-analytical method. Existence of a coherent plan in arranging this work and paying attention to the expertise and scientific and linguistic ability of the author in framing the internal structure, selection, description, and explanation of proverbs using Quranic evidence, poems, narrations, stories, lexical dictionaries, show the strength of the scientific and citation aspect of the book and a unique style and awareness in arranging the book following the diversity of tastes of the audience and it has justified ignorance of some shortcomings of this work. It has made it a unique work among its peers using its linguistic and cultural backgrounds in strengthening the linguistic, historical, and cultural heritage of the Arab people.

Although researchers generally agree on the nature and importance of strategic entrepreneurship (SE), various definitions have created confusion. Also, most exiting measures do not take into account the unique characteristics of this construct. The purpose of this paper is to criticize and redefining SE and its measures. By conducting a systematic review of previous research, we identify similarities between definitions of SE. Balancing is the core of SE concept and successful SE capabilities stressed on balance between corporate entrepreneurship and strategic management, opportunity exploration and exploitation, and radical and incremental innovations. In this way, the main section of the papers which are published in the Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal (SEJ) has paid attention to balance strategy and entrepreneurship. This paper reviews three questionnaires that were developed to measure SE. However, only a few studies have used these questionnaires and further studies should be conducted to develop instruments to measure SE.

Contingency management claims that there is nothing as the best universal principle in management. Considering the outcomes of the contingency approach, its epistemology must be analyzed from the perspective of the Quran using the interrogative/ cross-examination [istintaqi] method to express the propositions of the revelatory word in rejecting, confirming, correcting, and completing the epistemology of contingency management as we can eliminate its epistemological shortcomings relying on them. The research findings indicate that epistemology in contingency management is based on objective and sensory knowledge and ignores supernatural causes and factors in explaining natural propositions. The Quran, while pointing to the shortcomings of contingency management, considers the subject of knowing God, human-being, nature, and understanding how they are interdependent, and emphasizes that human-being and the environment affect and influence each other visibly and invisibly, and the,refore human-being must take his/her advantage using networking tools by combining a horizontal view of the relationship between phenomena and a vertical and longitudinal view and their relationship with their creator. The results indicate that the Quran, in addition to reason and empirical findings, emphasizes that the best methods that lead to greater efficiency cannot be presented without revelation.

The main question of this study is to determine the conceptual relation between "social refining (Tahzibe ejtemaie)" with "social human" to address one of the most important challenges of today's society on how human interaction in complicated and new social relations. Therefore, after introducing the general framework of the book "Social Human" by Dahrendorf and briefly describing its formative dimensions, this study deals with the basic concepts of social humans. This study will show that it is possible to go beyond the thought of a "problem analysis unit" and provide a more precise social conception. Although Dahrendorf considered two concepts of social role and social position as the constituents of social human beings and in this way, the two realities of individual and society are interconnected, since the subject in his mind was not "social refining", it has not been studied so far how we can link social human to social refining? In his analysis, Dahrendorf assumed an independent identity for the two concepts of individual and society, and according to him, a social human is a human being who has different social roles. Thus, social human should be called "human in society", but in another analysis, the individual cannot be imagined independently of society, but the real identity of individuals is formed in society and social relations. The present study deals with the three features of social refining and organizational power. Finally, it emphasizes the research necessities in this regard and especially the issue of a comprehensive moral plan.

The Holy Qur’an is the Divine Word and the eternal miracle of the Seal of the Prophets (PBUH) and the most authentic clear proof and document that has been available to Muslims throughout history. According to the very text of the Qur’an, the origin of this Word is the Divine knowledge, which no human has had any influence in shaping. The reason that the Qur’an is a miracle is God’s Tahaddi (challenge) in the Qur’an and no one, neither at the beginning of Islam nor after that, could bring a chapter or words similar to the Qur’an. The present research, using the descriptive-analytical method and the library data collection technique, seeks to analyze and evaluate two dominant trends in the field of the scope of Tahaddi. Some contemporary Qur’anic scholars deem that Tahaddi pertains to the era of Revelation of the Qur’an and they also cite reasons for their theory. The theory of temporality has weaknesses, which include regarding the miraculousness and immortality of the Qur’an as temporal, limiting the direction of the invitation and Tahaddi to the field of rhetoric and eloquence, confining the denotation of the term “fa’tou” (bring) to the Arabs of the era of Revelation, and the futility of the Qur’an’s call to deliberation and reasoning.

The book “Symmetries of Islamic Geometric Patterns” written by Seyed Jan Abbas and Amer Shaker Salman has been translated into Persian by Amene Agharabi. Due to the authors' mastery of mathematics, the book has a different approach to other works in the field of Islamic patterns, which has made it attractive and useful for both researchers in the field of Islamic art and mathematical sciences, but its topics and points cannot be understood in its Persian translation. According to the main text of the book, it seems the lack of understanding of concepts is related to the quality of translation. Therefore, the present critique is about the Persian translation of this book. In order to evaluate this translation, the entire English text of the book was adapted to the translated text. Cases were criticized in 6 categories; 1) Incorrect translation, 2) Untranslated words and phrases, 3) Multiple translations for one word and multiple words with one translation, 4) Reverse translation, 5) Changes in the sentences and paragraphs of the original text, and 6) Selection of unfamiliar equivalent. The existence of serious and many problems in Persian translation has caused the text to be incomprehensible and as a result, the reader has been deprived of a different and valuable points of view of this book which are vital issues. Finally, the book needs serious revision in translation.

A Framework for Science Policy Making; Interaction of Natural Sciences and Humanities, by Mohammad Reza Qaemi Nick, claims to deal with the issue of science policy. The focus of this article in criticizing the mentioned book is on the approach and the evaluation of its historical topics regarding science will not be much discussed. In terms of the quality of writing, the book is not in a good condition, and in some places, you can see mistakes in writing and grammar about words and sentences. Also, in relation to the format and formulation of the book, it should be said that the process of converting a research work into a book has not been done well and is accompanied by shortcomings. These defects are seen both in changing the format and formulation of a research to a book, and in the sentences and writing of the book, and can show a kind of haste. Regarding the attitude of the book, it should be said that the idea of the "colonial process of acquiring knowledge" is prominent in this work, which is subject to serious criticism. This approach sees science as a project rather than a process and is the foundation of the idea of localization and Islamizing the humanities, which itself is a place of criticism and serious questions. However, the main criticism of this article is related to the methodology on which this book is based. The methodology known as the fundamental methodology adopted by the author to analyze the topics is the place of doubts and challenges that I have tried to point out some of them.

The distinction between civil and commercial practices and the identification of commercial activities and transactions have long been the source of many effects that have gradually been accepted in most legal systems in a codified form and also in the form of commercial laws. The book of Commercial Law, Volume 1 has been compiled in accordance with the Iranian Commercial Code, stating the basics of commercial law and focusing on the rights and duties of businessmen and identifying commercial practices for the undergraduate law course. The critique of the present book has been done using the known criteria and characteristics in order to evaluate the book and to identify its strengths and weaknesses in order to promote and improve the research. One of the most important shortcomings of the book is the lack of comprehensiveness of content and the weakness of analytical discussions, which has overshadowed the reasons for compiling the work. Since the book in question is one of the academic books, the need to complete and upgrade it will definitely be useful for both the author and the students. It is hoped that some issues will be modified in future editions.

Critique of academic books causes due care to be taken in their proper organization. Accordingly, the purpose of this article is to critique the book of “The Basics of Neuroleadership: Organizational Leadership by Neuroscience”, by Kiumars Ahmadi and published in 2018 by the Termed Press. The method of evaluation and critique of this work is citation-analytical and in accordance with the model proposed by the Council for the Study of Humanities Texts and Books in the framework of general introduction, form and content study of the work. According to the findings, the strengths of the book include the innovation in the subject and its interdisciplinary and typography, quality of printing, the content congruence with the principles and Foundations of religion and Islam. Shortcomings of this book includes that the text is not that much fluent and eloquent. There are some necessary headlines completely missed in the text. Overall, in spite of its Excellency, the book is needed to be revised and edited in order to be applied as an educational textbook.

Organizations are one of the main foundations of today's society, and management is the most important factor in the life, growth, and development or death of organizations. The manager guides the process from the current situation to the desired situation and strives at every moment to create a better future. The past has happened with all its nature and learning, and with all the impact it can have on the future, and no human force can recreate it in a different way, but the future is on its way and an important part of it has to do with what is happening today. This article examines and critiques the book “Organizational Change (Themes & Issues)” by Jim Grieves, translated by Dr. Parviz Ahmadi and first the book is evaluated in terms of form and then it is considered in terms of content and structure. Also, the book's expandable points are mentioned to make it richer.