جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « environmental design » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

One of the influential factors in the commission of crimes is the social environment structures and living places. According this reality that it is human behaviors which affects evolution of crime and the status of urban furniture should not affect the rate of crimes, but with analyzing of many related criminological research’s it shows that the quality and manner of urban furniture and urbanization in different cities and towns of a country or different neighborhoods of a city illustrates the impact of the environment on delinquency. According situational prevention it has been proved that the type and quality of architecture and urban furniture and design have a great impact on reducing or increasing the incidence of crime, . By reviewing the results of related criminology studies and new theory of CPTED is is understood that today a significant percentage of the disruptive offenses, security and general comfort of individuals arise from the lack of proper law, In this study with regards to the above mentioned theory and its main rules and data’s we have investigated the situation of Hamedan urban environment and the effect of the environment on the occurrence of the crime with surveying of prisoners and other normal people from many parts of the city and the results of the study indicate that attention to the environment and optimal design characteristics of the environment play a great role in reducing crimes and has indicated effects on prevention of crime.

Considering that livability usually includes elements of the neighborhood and metropolitan area that contribute to security, economic opportunities, welfare, health, fitness, mobility and recreation in the present study with the aim of improving livability in the crypt of Nahavand city of Nahavand The social aspect has been done by focusing on increasing security with the help of a crime prevention approach through environmental design. In this regard, the research data has been collected in a survey and through a questionnaire in order to extract the most important security issues and problems in the neighborhood. Here are three suggested alternatives to solve problems and improve neighborhood security. Then, the criteria and sub-criteria of the crime prevention approach by environmental design are extracted from documentary sources and the proposed alternatives are evaluated by the network analysis process using super design software based on crime prevention criteria by environmental design. . Finally, the first alternative, which emphasizes the expansion of night space and night security, has been selected. Finally, the space organization and the proposed three-dimensional design with the help of lumion and sketchup software have been presented.

Theft of inside vehicle accessories is a crime that endangers public safety and damages public safety, mental health, and people's health. This research was conducted with the main objective of exploring "The role of environmental design in preventing theft of inside cars in parking lots and roads in Zanjan city". In terms of its objectives this study is of an applied research and in terms of methodology it is a descriptive-survey study, which was conducted using random sampling method through distribution of a researcher-made questionnaire among the statistical population. The data was analyzed using SPSS software. The statistical population consisted of all 100 executives in provincial police and Zanjan city and Zanjan municipality car park experts. Validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by the experts and the reliability coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) was very high and equal to 0.921.  According to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, the status of the data was normal. Based on one sample t-test with a significant level of less than 0.05 and 95% confidence, the main and the secondary hypotheses were investigated. According to Friedman rank test, the mean factors of access control (4.49), hardening of offense target (4.14), zoning (3.61), monitoring (40.3) support activities (2.74) and space maintenance (2.63), have an impact on the prevention of car theft. Based on the conclusions of the findings, the environmental design (independent variable) and its components affect the prevention of inside car theft in parking lots and passages. More than 50% of the members of the community believe in the high impact of items (zoning, monitoring, access control, care and maintenance of space, etc.) on preventing inside car theft in parking lots and passages.

Coastal cities in Mazandaran province, are one of the most important tourist destination in Iran. Although tourism boom can be considered as an opportunity to enhance the competitive ability in the region, with the influx of tourists in the special periods of year, it can also be seen as Threat to regional security. Thus, this article seeks to provide an operating framework in order to preventing crime in the Mazandaran shoreline through environmental design (CPTED). After discussing theoretical and empirical studies regarding CPTED, 5 principles have been identified as the most important aspects of this approach. These aspects including physical security, territoriality, access control, surveillance, management, and maintenance, in addition to 11 components and 29 indicators form the conceptual model of this research. Finally, by surveying experts' comments on this field and analyzing survey data through Analytical hierarchy process, each aspect, component, and indicator for the case study has been prioritized. Our findings show that forming defensible spaces, eliminating abandoned and unused public spaces, designing potential community centers, forming active views, designing edges in order to enter to public spaces, visibility, and natural surveillance are the most critical components which should be considered to improve security in the Mazandaran shoreline.

Expansion of cities in modern times with special complexity in one hand, and the issue of public areas and spaces, and possibility and quality of presence of women of this spaces in other hand, led to that the issue of women and cities enter in urban sociology. Feminist scholars believe that the city is made up by men, and women have little or no role in the design and handle it. In the possession Urban areas, men and women are unequal. And the constant struggle to reclaim their right of space, women are forced to negotiate in various forms. There are many restrictions for women in using of public spaces. This study try to explore the experience and perceptions of women's participation in and access to urban spaces designed. So, The method of research is qualitative method and with 20 women from Ilam semi-structured interviews have been done. The results show that feminine body us one of the most important factors of limiting, and fear of aggression and rape keeps women from urban areas. Designed environment that not considered to women with chidren and housewives, as well as, the special physiology of women, has important role in this limiting. On the other hand, social and cultural factors in city are very important that participation of women is subject to the social constructed conditions and this conditions make women dependent to their husbands or children or other family member.

Opportunity for crime does not only depend on offender and victim, but it is either influenced by environmental elements. These elements create motivation, attraction and intent for criminal actions. Therefore, appropriate environmental design and employing preventive measures in architecture, are considered significantly fruitful in crime prevention. This paper attempts to find crime-ridden areas and links between designing, environment and crime. The method used in this study includes descriptive and analytical approach, and data is collected through field and library research. The area of study was Qom city, a known metropolitan city in I.R. Iran. In this research some areas with the highest rate of theft such as margin of streets, sidewalks, residential areas and business buildings were analyzed, and the impacts of environmental factors in crime rate. Results indicates that most theft cases in Qom city happen at Niroogah Street and areas around main streets, sidewalks, residential areas and business buildings. Knowing and employing CEPTED measures will reduce crime through enhancing cities environment. This will lead to a decline in crime rate and subsequently incline in the sense of security in society.

During recent decades, affected by changes in economic, social and cultural development worldwide revolution in information and communication technology and a parallel increase in social disorder in most developed countries and developing new insights for delinquency prevention is presented. One of the types of crime prevention strategies One of the types of crime prevention, situational crime prevention strategies through construction and architecture. Situational crime prevention, crime is based on the simple concept of savings opportunities arising from the environmental consequences and in this case, it should be possible to change the physical environment to reduce crime. This study is based on situational crime prevention theory and techniques of writing research based on the type of target applications on the basis of data collected from the survey is. This study aimed to promote awareness of home owners, architects and urban designers on the concept of crime prevention through construction and architecture that seeks to increase security, reduce opportunities for crime and urban development is achieved. Accordingly, Bushehr has been chosen as a case study. Taken during the investigation, it can be concluded that with a balanced distribution of various land uses in the city on the one hand, it increases social surveillance in crowded areas in the city. On the other hand reduce the high population density and activity in the dense parts of the city and thus be prevented the incidence of crimes.

Experts of space and delinquent behaviors believe that one is born in a specific place and a specific time and interacts with specific People and environment that act in the form of a society. What is important here is that the environment affects the individuals social behaviors؛ this can pave the way for special analysis of crime and study the abnormalities in the geographical space. Among the prominent views on the analysis of the relationship between space and delinquency is Crime Prevention Through Environmental design (CPTED). CPTED emphasizes that the probability of delinquency is decreased and security is increased by suitable environmental design.