جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "social capital" در نشریات گروه "علوم اجتماعی"

In recent years, subjective well-being has been the focus of researcher as a subjective indicator for quality of life. Subjective well-being is usually considered as a broad category of phenomena that includes the emotional response of people and their general judgments about life satisfaction. The purpose of this article is to investigate relationship between social capital in structural and cognitive dimensions with the level of subjective well-being. This is a survey research through which 380 persons above 20 years of age resident in the residential area of Khatam city have been interviwed through multistage cluster sampling method. The findings indicate that variables of intimacy in the relationship, frequency of contact (structural social capital), institutional trust and social support (cognitive social capital), exert significant effects on subjective well-being. On the whole, the results of multiple regression analysis indicates that the main variables of the study, explain 27 percent of the variance in subjective well-being.

IN the 20-year vision document of the development of Iran (1384-1404) Iran is depicted as a developed country with the first economic, scientific and technological position in the region, with an Islamic and revolutionary identity, inspiring in the Islamic world. studying of the situation of nanotechnology in Iran shows that although this technology has been initiated in Iran for less than 20 years, but compared to other technologies has experienced sustainable growth in sciences & economics. The main factor of this development is the "Special Nanotechnology Headquarters" and its active and special secretariat, and therefore the study of policies and management processes leading to this sustainable growth can provide insights for the development of other technologies and innovations in the country. The present qualitative research has been done by collecting, categorizing and conceptualizing the organizational experiences of the secretariat of this headquarters and has tried to create a model of the role of intangible capitals in forming the organizational success of this organization in the development of nano in the country.

One of the factors that affect social welfare in societies is social capital. The objective of this research is to integrate the research on social capital and social welfare in order to more effectively utilize the knowledge that has been accumulated in these fields.Utilizing Meta-synthesis methodology, this article evaluates articles concerning social capital and welfare from 2012 to 2023.This article reviewed 16 scientific and research articles in the fields of social welfare and social capital.The results indicated that the economic dimension and objective indicators of well-being have been the primary focus of studies on well-being, with little attention paid to the mental dimension. Also, the findings indicate that the more a person is intertwined with his traditional and ethnic culture in terms of identity and culture, the more mental well-being he will enjoy. On the other hand, the reduction of social capital may lead to the reduction of economic and social productivity, increase of tensions and social anomalies. Additionally, economic capital is adversely affected by the degradation of social capital. These effects include: 1. Reduction of cooperation and trust: 2. Increase of transaction costs: 3. Reduction of innovation.Consequently, the social capital of ethnic groups in Iran is a multifaceted and intricate phenomenon that manifests in a variety of ways as a result of the cultural, historical, and social diversity of the country. Consequently, government policies and programs must establish harmony among all groups in order to foster a sense of intergroup solidarity. Along with intra-group solidarity, the welfare of the society is also improved.

Many researchers believe that social media, as an influential tool on human and social issues, holds significant importance and can be a source of various changes in society and politics. It appears that one of the topics influenced by these modern communication technologies in recent decades is national identity. This study aims to examine the impact of social media on national identity using a deductive strategy and quantitative data collection method. In this regard, the statistical population of this research consists of the youth of Ardabil city, among whom 316 questionnaires were distributed using cluster sampling and tested with the Preacher and Hayes method. By dividing the social media variable into two dimensions: the amount of social media consumption and the duration of social media membership, the research findings indicate that, firstly, both dimensions of social media directly and significantly reduce individuals' national identity. Secondly, the dual dimensions of social media also indirectly and significantly impact national identity through the mediating variable of social capital, leading to a reduction in national identity among the tested individuals.

Women's entrepreneurship encompasses cooperative and independent self-employment, employer involvement, as well as single-ownership and new business endeavors.The study employed a quantitative meta-analysis approach, utilizing purposive non-probability sampling to gather data from 2011 to 2022. Fifty documents out of a total of 87 studies comprised the statistical population. Documents were selected based on entry and exit criteria, which encompassed factors such as sample size, significance level, correlation coefficient, and research validity and quality.The results indicate that cultural elements (such as way of life, religious convictions, support for gender equality, participation in social networks, cultural poverty, cultural capital, patriarchal culture, collaborative culture, culture, and work ethic); psychological elements (including self-assurance, courageousness in undertaking risks, self-esteem, sense of social adequacy, perception of social discrimination, motivation for independence, aspiration for success and advancement, educational aptitude, and innovative and creative thinking); The research findings indicate that contextual factors exert the most significant influence on the entrepreneurial endeavors of rural women, as evidenced by an effect coefficient of 0.300. Findings Women's entrepreneurship is a subfield of entrepreneurship that, in addition to economic profit, seeks social and cultural benefits; it facilitates the identification of cultural, social, and economic contexts of society, the identification of social needs, and community recognition.

As a fundamental requirement for national progress, rural development must take precedence over other initiatives in development strategies. Among the most effective strategies for the sustainable and all-encompassing development of rural communities is maximizing the capabilities and participation of individuals, particularly villagers, in every aspect.The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of social capital on the local progress of the villages of Goldasht, Jangalabad, and Gazabad in Ghalaganj County, situated in the southern region of Kerman province. This will be achieved through the utilization of social network analysis over two distinct time periods: prior to and subsequent to the execution of the community empowerment initiative. The required data were gathered in this manner through the distribution of a network analysis questionnaire and conducting direct interviews with 251 members of the local microcredit fund, employing a full network approach.The results indicate that the density index for two ties of trust and collaboration has increased in all villages examined since the empowerment plan was implemented; Gazabad village has the maximum density associated with the tie of trust (90.1). An increase in population density results in the development of trust, participation and social capital at the individual level. The increase in the reciprocity index further demonstrates the significance and efficacy of the empowerment plan in fostering trust and collaboration among nations, bolstering social capital, and ultimately enhancing individual empowerment.The confidence of microcredit fund members has increased and their willingness to participate has been strengthened as a result of the empowerment project’s implementation, according to the results. This underscores the effectiveness of the community-based approach as a means to augment social capital. Therefore, administrators and policymakers can devise strategies to enhance sustainable rural management by utilizing these findings.

This study delves into the dimensions of social capital and its prevalence within organizations. Utilizing theories in the field of social capital, such as those proposed by Bourdieu, Putnam, Coleman, and Fukuyama, the research explicates and elucidates the issue. The research methodology employed a quantitative survey approach, targeting a statistical population consisting of employees in education, hospitals, and municipalities. A sample size of 384 individuals was selected from the total statistical population. The measurement tool in this study was a standardized questionnaire with acceptable reliability and validity. Descriptive findings indicate that the threefold dimensions of social capital (trust, collaboration, and participation) have been notably high to very high. In the inferential statistics section of the research, a t-test was conducted. Based on this, to assess whether the average social capital in organizations in the city of Varamin significantly differs from 3 (the acceptable mean for sample organizations) or not, a one-sample t-test was performed. The findings indicated that the mean score for overall social capital was 4.23, social trust was 3.93, cooperation was 3.77, and the mean score for overall social participation was 4.72. Considering the significance level of the test, which was equal to sig=0.000, the test results showed that the mean scores of the examined variables in the sample organizations were significantly higher than the acceptable mean, demonstrating a statistically significant difference among them.

Given the increasing use of social media and organizations’ efforts to leverage them for effective communication with stakeholders and target audiences, the Judiciary of Iran, as a governmental entity, also needs to utilize these media to connect with society. The aim of this research is to provide a model for strategic media planning for the Judiciary in social media with the approach of enhancing social capital among its audience. The research approach is qualitative-quantitative, and the statistical population consists of 11 experts from relevant organizational sectors. Data collection tools included interviews and a researcher-made questionnaire, and thematic analysis was used to analyze the interviews. The validity of the research was confirmed by experts using content validity method, and the reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s alpha method. Data were coded using thematic analysis, and the results of the interviews confirmed the necessity of having a strategic plan and determining media and communication strategies in the virtual space to enhance the social capital of the Judiciary. The findings showed that the Judiciary’s communication with the public opinion in social media is weak and one-sided. The dimensions of strategic media management in social networks, along with specific media strategies, were confirmed by experts. According to the findings and the results of the model fit hypotheses, there is a relationship between cognitive, structural, and relational elements and the level of trust in social media and strategic media management for enhancing organizational social capital. There is also a relationship between the dimensions of social capital and the dimensions of strategic media management for enhancing the social capital of the Judiciary. Ultimately, media strategies in social media lead to the enhancement of the Judiciary’s social capital.

Considering the role and importance of social health in improving the condition of societies, the current research was conducted with the aim of synthesis studies related to the social health. 

This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative according to the synthesis research approach. The research population was all the articles and theses related to the research field (social health) from 2010 to 2022 years in reliable domestic and foreign databases with number of 94 cases, which according to the inclusion criteria number of 20 cases were selected as a sample with using the purposeful sampling method. To collect the data was used note-taking method which their reliability with using Cohen's kappa coefficient method was calculated 0.746, and for their analysis was used the coding method. 

The findings of this study showed that the social health had 59 sub categories in 22 main categories. The main categories were including social support, religiosity, social capital, social class, social security, social trust, communication skills, quality of life, social networks, lifestyle, leisure time, social actualization, social cohesion, social acceptance, social participation, socio-economic base, openness, sense of anomie, demographic variables, life satisfaction, social commitment and social responsibility. 

According to the identified main and sub categories in this research, specialists and planners can take an effective step towards improving people's social health.

The current research was conducted with the aim of investigate and comparing marginalization and social capital of women in peripheral and non-peripheral areas of Sari city. A combination of the theories of Putnam, Fukuyama, Ufe and Fuchs was used to investigate this goal. This descriptive research has been applied survey method. The statistical population consists of 143,764 Sari women above 15 years old. Based on the Morgans’ standard sampling table (1970), 384 people have been selected as a sample. A random cluster sampling applied to access the sample. Social capital questionnaire was the data collection tool. The results show that there is a significant difference between social capital and its dimensions (social participation, social trust, social cohesion, social relations) among women in marginal and non-marginal areas of Sari city. Research findings indicate that women in marginal areas have less social capital (social participation, social trust, social cohesion, social relations) than women in non-marginal areas. In order to strengthen social capital in marginalized areas, it is suggested to support independent non-governmental organizations and strengthen the cultural and recreational facilities of these areas.

The present study was conducted with aim of examining inhibiting and facilitating factors of organizational citizenship behavior in a group of Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

This study was applied in terms of type and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection, and its statistical population was a detachment of Army of the Islamic Republic of Iran (100 people), which due to small size of the population, 100 people were selected through enumeration. The tool for collecting data in this research was standard questionnaires and analysis method used in this research was the structural equation modeling technique.

The findings of the research showed that role ambiguity and subsequent depersonalization are inhibiting factors in service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. Also, role conflict and subsequent depersonalization are the inhibiting factor in service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior. In spite of, the leader-member exchange has a facilitating role in the effect of role ambiguity on service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior and also in the effect of role conflict on service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior and also in the effect of depersonalization on service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior; and finally social capital has a moderating role and is a facilitating factor of service-oriented organizational citizenship behavior.

The research results showed that leaders should in formulating their strategies, to pay attention to the fact that having strategies such as strengthening social capital and increasing the quality of leader-member exchange can reduce the impact of negative role stressors and subsequently lead employees to perform service-oriented organizational citizenship behaviors.

It is generally argued that one of the basic requirements for achieving the goals of the Islamic Revolution is to strengthen social capital. In the meantime, one of the concepts that can be mentioned as the foundation of social capital to achieve other goals in society is social participation. In this research, while explaining the theme analysis method and using the theme network analysis technique, the number of 223 data of the main text of their statements regarding the topic of social participation was carefully analyzed, analyzed and rearranged, and at the end, 4 main and comprehensive themes were identified as The components of the model of social participation were found in the statements of Ayatollah Khamenei. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyze and discover the central and main themes of strengthening social participation through the theme analysis model in their intellectual system. The results of the research show: First, social capital was defined as a dominant concept in the religious society that grounds development and progress. Secondly, by analyzing the theme of social participation in the intellectual system of the great position of leadership, it is used in this way that the best strategy for people's participation in various fields of society is to use people's capacities and abilities. Thirdly, the timely and effective presence of people in sensitive and vital scenes of the country shows the effectiveness and pursuit of national interests. Also, participation in elections is considered as a way to choose competent people and a public duty. In this context, regulatory institutions can guarantee the maximum use of its benefits by properly managing the expansion and accessibility of virtual space, while increasing people's motivation for high participation

Social capital is a collection of norms and networks that facilitate people's participation in collective actions to achieve mutual benefits and shape the social relationships within a community. Previous research has indicated that social capital, with dimensions such as trust, cohesion, and social relationships, was evaluated regarding other variables, and the precise evaluation method of these variables has not been clearly elucidated. The main objective of the current study is to design a measurement model for the social capital variable. To achieve this, and for the sake of comprehensiveness and conceptual inclusiveness, four aspects, including materiality, mentality, agency, and structure, were considered for this concept along the two axes of material-mental and structural-agential. Finally, based on the Nahapiet and Ghoshal theory, social capital was operationalized according to the aforementioned four aspects in three structural, normative, and cognitive dimensions.

A questionnaire was designed using three structural, cognitive, and normative dimensions. Considering that in the city of Kermanshah, the presence of transit axes in some parts of the city has led to social ruptures in addition to physical changes, after determining the validity and reliability of social capital, a sample of 384 citizens of Kermanshah was selected using cluster multistage sampling method, and the questionnaire was completed. The collected data were then analyzed and subjected to confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS software to draw a measurement model.

Finally, a model consisting of three dimensions and 63 items was designed, and its final validity and reliability were examined and confirmed based on relevant indices.

This research provides a validated model for measuring and evaluating a construct of social capital, which can be employed in future sociological studies.

This study aims to investigate the impact of women’s social capital on power relations in the family, which is important and necessary to understand the changes and transformations in power relations within the family institution under the influence of social participation, communication, social trust, as well as age, years of education, and employment status of women. Research The research method used was a survey, and the data collection tool was a questionnaire. The population of the study included married women aged 20 to 64 residing in Tehran in three districts: 3, 8, and 17. The study’s sample size was 387 participants, who were selected through a combination of multi-stage stratified and simple random sampling methods. The results of the bivariate tests showed that all independent variables significantly impact the dependent variable (power relations in the family). The results of multivariate analysis indicated that all variables, including age, years of education, residential area, employment status, social communication, social trust, and social participation, had a significant impact on the dependent variable. Employment status, social communication, and area had the highest regression effects on the dependent variable (power relations in the family). The relationship between all variables except age and power relations in the family was positive. Based on the research findings, it can be expected that with the increase in women’s education levels in society and consequently in families, and with the increase in women’s employment demand, we will witness changes in their position in family power relations as well as changes in their decision-making system and power in social arenas and public spheres.

Today, one of the critical hidden social harms is sexual violence inflicted on wome by their husbands. Sexual violence in general has a devestating effect on the spirit and psyche of women, hinders their growth and prosperity and triggers a sense of insecurity among women. Hence, the present study was also conducted to investigate the link between social capital and sexual violence among married women in Qazvin city. The main research method is a field survey. The statistical population includes all married women of Qazvin city, among whom n=383 were selected using Cochran’s statistical formula and stratified random sampling method. The data collection was conducted by a researcher-made questionnaire. Face validity was used to assess validity of the measurement instrument and Cronbach's alpha technique was adopted to evalaute reliability. The data analysis was also conducte by SPSS software. The results of the correlation test revealed that components of social capital including social commitment, social support and social participation were linearly related to two components of sexual violence (physical violence and psychological violence) and the sexual violence with 99% CI at a significance level of less than 0.01. All of the above relationships were negative and inverse. Moreover, the results of the multivariate regression analysis indicate that variables of the regression model could explain and predict 43% of variance in the dependent variable of sexual violence against women.

Traditional communities are faced with local divergence and convergence. Considering the diversity of tribes in Mamsani and Rostam cities, this article examines the relationship between social capital and its dimensions with tribal divergence in the Mamsani and Rostam counties in 2022. Using the survey method, a structured questionnaire used for data collection. The study sample was 450 residents of Mamsani and Rostam counties that selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha used to evaluate the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, respectively. The data collection tool was a standard questionnaire. To measure social capital, the questionnaire of Mirfardi and Valinejad (2018) was used, and to measure tribal divergence, the researcher-made questionnaire was used. Face validity was used to measure the validity of the questionnaire and internal consistency using Cronbach's alpha method was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS software. The findings showed that there is a significant negative relationship between social capital and tribal divergence. The findings showed that there is a significant negative relationship between social capital and its dimensions (except normativeness) and tribal divergence. Social capital components (interpersonal trust, normativeness, social relations, social participation and institutional trust) showed different relationships with tribal divergence among the tribes living in Mamsani and Rostam cities. Given there was significant difference between the tribal divergence of women and men, and significant difference was observed between the tribal divergence according to education and people with higher education had less tribal divergence. Multivariate regression of the independent variables explained nearly 31% of the variance of the dependent variable.

Differences between age groups are a critical issue that can be the source of various cultural and social phenomena and issues. This research investigated intergenerational social capital and its dimensions among men and women in Tuyserkan city. The research method was a survey, and the data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. The statistical population included men and women over 15 years of age in Tuyserkan City in 2019, of which 392 arrived into samples by cluster sampling. ANOVA, Independent T-test, and Path Analysis were used in SPSS-25 software to analyze data. The results showed a difference between generations in terms of social capital, and the older generation has higher social capital than younger ones; there is a difference between women and men, and men have more social capital than women. There is a difference between age groups regarding social capital; the age group of 66 to 75 years has a higher tendency to have social capital. Also, there is a relationship between income and social capital (P < 0.05). In short, we can say that there is a relationship between intergenerational variables, gender, age groups, income, type of job, marital status, level of education, place of residence, age of marriage, presence in society, and social capital; There is a difference between men and women as well as between different generations in terms of the variables of the age of marriage, presence in society, economic capital, individual and social freedoms, social trust, and social mobility.