جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « social capital » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Women's entrepreneurship encompasses cooperative and independent self-employment, employer involvement, as well as single-ownership and new business endeavors.The study employed a quantitative meta-analysis approach, utilizing purposive non-probability sampling to gather data from 2011 to 2022. Fifty documents out of a total of 87 studies comprised the statistical population. Documents were selected based on entry and exit criteria, which encompassed factors such as sample size, significance level, correlation coefficient, and research validity and quality.The results indicate that cultural elements (such as way of life, religious convictions, support for gender equality, participation in social networks, cultural poverty, cultural capital, patriarchal culture, collaborative culture, culture, and work ethic); psychological elements (including self-assurance, courageousness in undertaking risks, self-esteem, sense of social adequacy, perception of social discrimination, motivation for independence, aspiration for success and advancement, educational aptitude, and innovative and creative thinking); The research findings indicate that contextual factors exert the most significant influence on the entrepreneurial endeavors of rural women, as evidenced by an effect coefficient of 0.300. Findings Women's entrepreneurship is a subfield of entrepreneurship that, in addition to economic profit, seeks social and cultural benefits; it facilitates the identification of cultural, social, and economic contexts of society, the identification of social needs, and community recognition.

As a fundamental requirement for national progress, rural development must take precedence over other initiatives in development strategies. Among the most effective strategies for the sustainable and all-encompassing development of rural communities is maximizing the capabilities and participation of individuals, particularly villagers, in every aspect.The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of social capital on the local progress of the villages of Goldasht, Jangalabad, and Gazabad in Ghalaganj County, situated in the southern region of Kerman province. This will be achieved through the utilization of social network analysis over two distinct time periods: prior to and subsequent to the execution of the community empowerment initiative. The required data were gathered in this manner through the distribution of a network analysis questionnaire and conducting direct interviews with 251 members of the local microcredit fund, employing a full network approach.The results indicate that the density index for two ties of trust and collaboration has increased in all villages examined since the empowerment plan was implemented; Gazabad village has the maximum density associated with the tie of trust (90.1). An increase in population density results in the development of trust, participation and social capital at the individual level. The increase in the reciprocity index further demonstrates the significance and efficacy of the empowerment plan in fostering trust and collaboration among nations, bolstering social capital, and ultimately enhancing individual empowerment.The confidence of microcredit fund members has increased and their willingness to participate has been strengthened as a result of the empowerment project’s implementation, according to the results. This underscores the effectiveness of the community-based approach as a means to augment social capital. Therefore, administrators and policymakers can devise strategies to enhance sustainable rural management by utilizing these findings.

Considering the role and importance of social health in improving the condition of societies, the current research was conducted with the aim of synthesis studies related to the social health. 

This study in terms of purpose was applied and in terms of implementation method was qualitative according to the synthesis research approach. The research population was all the articles and theses related to the research field (social health) from 2010 to 2022 years in reliable domestic and foreign databases with number of 94 cases, which according to the inclusion criteria number of 20 cases were selected as a sample with using the purposeful sampling method. To collect the data was used note-taking method which their reliability with using Cohen's kappa coefficient method was calculated 0.746, and for their analysis was used the coding method. 

The findings of this study showed that the social health had 59 sub categories in 22 main categories. The main categories were including social support, religiosity, social capital, social class, social security, social trust, communication skills, quality of life, social networks, lifestyle, leisure time, social actualization, social cohesion, social acceptance, social participation, socio-economic base, openness, sense of anomie, demographic variables, life satisfaction, social commitment and social responsibility. 

According to the identified main and sub categories in this research, specialists and planners can take an effective step towards improving people's social health.

This study aims to investigate the impact of women’s social capital on power relations in the family, which is important and necessary to understand the changes and transformations in power relations within the family institution under the influence of social participation, communication, social trust, as well as age, years of education, and employment status of women. Research The research method used was a survey, and the data collection tool was a questionnaire. The population of the study included married women aged 20 to 64 residing in Tehran in three districts: 3, 8, and 17. The study’s sample size was 387 participants, who were selected through a combination of multi-stage stratified and simple random sampling methods. The results of the bivariate tests showed that all independent variables significantly impact the dependent variable (power relations in the family). The results of multivariate analysis indicated that all variables, including age, years of education, residential area, employment status, social communication, social trust, and social participation, had a significant impact on the dependent variable. Employment status, social communication, and area had the highest regression effects on the dependent variable (power relations in the family). The relationship between all variables except age and power relations in the family was positive. Based on the research findings, it can be expected that with the increase in women’s education levels in society and consequently in families, and with the increase in women’s employment demand, we will witness changes in their position in family power relations as well as changes in their decision-making system and power in social arenas and public spheres.

Social capital is a collection of norms and networks that facilitate people's participation in collective actions to achieve mutual benefits and shape the social relationships within a community. Previous research has indicated that social capital, with dimensions such as trust, cohesion, and social relationships, was evaluated regarding other variables, and the precise evaluation method of these variables has not been clearly elucidated. The main objective of the current study is to design a measurement model for the social capital variable. To achieve this, and for the sake of comprehensiveness and conceptual inclusiveness, four aspects, including materiality, mentality, agency, and structure, were considered for this concept along the two axes of material-mental and structural-agential. Finally, based on the Nahapiet and Ghoshal theory, social capital was operationalized according to the aforementioned four aspects in three structural, normative, and cognitive dimensions.

A questionnaire was designed using three structural, cognitive, and normative dimensions. Considering that in the city of Kermanshah, the presence of transit axes in some parts of the city has led to social ruptures in addition to physical changes, after determining the validity and reliability of social capital, a sample of 384 citizens of Kermanshah was selected using cluster multistage sampling method, and the questionnaire was completed. The collected data were then analyzed and subjected to confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS software to draw a measurement model.

Finally, a model consisting of three dimensions and 63 items was designed, and its final validity and reliability were examined and confirmed based on relevant indices.

This research provides a validated model for measuring and evaluating a construct of social capital, which can be employed in future sociological studies.

One of the most important dimensions of development in any society is political development. Political development is influenced by social, economic and cultural factors. The article was done with the sociological explanation of the political development of Bandar Gaz city. The research method was a survey and information was collected using a questionnaire. All people over 18 years of age were selected as the statistical population, which is equal to 36,785 people. The sampling method is a multi-stage cluster and the sample size is 380 people based on Cochran's formula.
The findings show that the average of the political development variable is equal to 2.01, which is a higher number than the average. The dimension of political participation with an average of 2.31 has the highest average and the dimension of political freedom with an average of 1.76 has the lowest average among the dimensions of political development. The variables of religiosity, social capital, political socialization, means of mass communication and political trust have a positive and direct relationship with the level of political development. The findings show that 40.5% of the changes in the level of political development are explained by variables. Religiosity has the least effect and political trust has the greatest effect on political development. The result is that it is necessary to pay attention to the role of sociability and political trust and indicators of social capital in increasing and accelerating the political development of Bandar Gaz.

Historical-cultural places carry a significance that extends beyond their physical attributes; they embody social relationships and values that are important in defining their meaning. Considering this, they require conservation alongside attention to interdisciplinary approaches. Meanwhile, a major obstacle to meaning-based conservation is the communication gap and the conflict of interest among various beneficiaries, indicating a lack of social capital regarding conservation. This article aims to shed light on the process of utilizing social capital as an interdisciplinary phenomenon that can effectively preserve historical and cultural places. The study was done using a descriptive-analytical approach based on library and documentary sources. The findings reveal that the untapped communicative potential of historical and cultural places can be utilized to enhance social structures and reinforce social capital for the purpose of conservation. This method is achievable in urban neighborhoods and when interdisciplinary techniques are applied. In line with the proposed framework, improving the cognitive component of social capital and the network of shared environmental meanings, which includes emotional, cultural, social, and functional categories, result in the development and progression of social values. These include a sense of belonging, commitment, cooperation, and influence, all of which have the potential to stimulate social capital for conservation and cyclically enhance the place-based communication context. In this respect, actions such as promoting cultural awareness, preserving the sensory appeal and memorable aspects of the environment, upholding traditions, enhancing the quality of spaces for social interaction, and supporting local businesses are compulsory.

A series of environmental issues, especially in metropolis, make it necessary to Consider environmental issues. This study aimed to investigate the environmental behavior of residents aged 18 and older in Shiraz and its relationship with social capital and gender. Using the survey method, a structured questionnaire used for data collection. The study sample was 1045 residents of Shiraz that selected using a multi-stage cluster random sampling method. The factor analysis and Cronbach's alpha used to evaluate the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, respectively. The results of the research showed that according to the coefficient of correlation (0.246) at the 99% significance level, there is a positive and significant relationship between the environmental behavior and social capital of the residents of Shiraz metropolis and their environmental behavior at the 99% level. Dimensions of social capital (social cohesion, normality, social trust, social participation and social interaction) also had a positive and significant relationship with environmental behavior. There was no significant relationship between interpersonal trust and social capital. Age also showed a positive and significant relationship with environmental behavior (p. value = 0.000). There was a significant difference at the level of 95% in the environmental citizenship of men and women. women had a stronger responsible environmental behavior. Developing and implementing policies that strengthen social capital to pursue collective interests such as the environment is an undeniable necessity.

Complexity and value judgments in social development have caused its model to appear ambiguous and distorted in many cases among experts. The absence of reliable and consensus social development has made monitoring a country’s social development process challenging. Besides, there is also a controversy over the reasons for choosing its social development. No clear definition of agreed-upon social development indicators to recognize the situation in time series has made the failure to evaluate programs and functions of institutions in charge a challenge for advancement in social development. The present study aims to achieve precise and agreed-upon definitions and situations of social development indicators according to the Iranian structural characteristics. as a result, the definitions of social development indicators were determined concerning the local conditions of Iranian society. While being close to international standards, the indicators made provincial, national, and international comparability possible and fixed the existing defects with their evolutionary features. The study employed exploratory sequential mixed methods instrument development design developed by Creswell and Plano Clark. First, international and domestic documents and reports on social development were examined, classified, and validated using the Delphi technique using Noblit and Hare’s meta-synthesis technique. Then, 107 indices were obtained through indexing, each evaluated and measured by secondary analysis in all Iranian provinces. As the results show, the mean scores of 19 provinces are lower than the national mean score. The distance between upper and lower provinces is significant in terms of average social development, and the pattern of social development in Iran is macrocephaly.

The effect of social capital on the academic resilience of Farhangian University students has been investigated in this research, considering the emphasis of the general policies of creating transformation in the education system on the Ministry of Education as a producer of social capital. Following the method of case study and analysis of open interviews conducted with students with high, low and medium academic resilience in the mentioned research (32 people). The findings show that out of 37 concepts in open coding, 8 concepts in axial coding in explanation vertical and horizontal trust and participation were extracted at the top and bottom levels. High horizontal and vertical trust with the concepts of "existence of high social responsibility of students" and "high level of individual and intra-group trust" were raised mostly among students with high and medium academic resilience. The main components of high and low horizontal and vertical participation among students with high and medium academic resilience are, respectively, "high civic participation" and "face-to-face relationships and having high mechanical solidarity"; "Lack of effective communication with students" and "Having a limited idea of good". According to the results of the research, it is necessary to re-emphasize the clauses of the general policies of creating transformation that have a lot to do with strengthening the political participation and participation of students in university issues, the involvement and participation of students at the community level in the policies and programs of the university.

Suicide means ending the social life and shows the decrease of human value and the peak of human suffering. Social capital has a preventive and deterrent role against suicide. The main purpose of the research is to study the effect of social capital on the tendency to commit suicide by relying on meta-analysis of studies. The research method is a quantitative meta-analysis (CMA2), and the unit of analysis is the articles and treatises published in the period from 1385 to 1402, which by using the scientific database NoorMags, Magiran, and IranDoc, 48 documents were identified as the statistical population, and after screening (evaluation of entry and exit conditions for analysis), 26 cases of research (sample size) remained in the study process. The statistical method under investigation is Cohen's d and Fisher's f, and the sampling method is a deliberate-non-probability type. The results indicate that social capital has an inverse and significant relationship with suicide tendency, and its effect coefficient is -0.38. Furthermore, the relationship of social cohesion (-0.18), social support (-0.20), social trust (-0.31), and social participation (-0.17) has been significant and inverse with suicide tendency. Based on this, by strengthening and recreating social capital at the macro, medium, and micro levels, the tendency to commit suicide can be prevented in the provinces of the country.

The increase of social capital in long term has important effects on the mentality of the residents of the neighborhood, mutual trust, solidarity, participation in neighborhood affairs, etc., and when achieved, the quality of life in the neighborhood grows accordingly. In this regard, the present study, an attempt has been made to measure the amount of social capital and the level of quality of life among the residents of the neighborhoods of Rafsanjan city with a sociological approach and survey method, and finally to investigate the effect of social capital on their quality of life. In this research, all the residents aged 18 years and older are part of the statistical population, and according to Cochran's formula, 383 people have been selected by cluster sampling method proportional to the volume. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire, and the description and analysis of the data has been done using Spss software. The results of the research findings show that there is no significant difference between women and men in terms of the amount of social capital and quality of life, but there is a significant difference between income groups and the amount of social capital and their quality of life. Also, there is a significant difference between the different periods of people's residence and the amount of social capital and their quality of life. The results of multiple regression analysis show there is a correlation of 0.508 between research variables. Also, about 25% of the dependent variable changes are predicted by the social capital variable, and among the components of social capital, trust has the greatest impact on the quality of life of city residents.

Interest in microfinance funds for providing financial resources with the aim of reducing poverty and employment, especially in underdeveloped countries, has been considered in the literature of development In the past few decades. Charitable loan funds have a long history in Iran and they have played over the years an effective social and economic function especially in providing the essential needs of people in society. In this research, an attempt has been made answer to this question: which social components have caused the durability and efficiency of household funds in the society? The theoretical premise is that the social capital within the group has played a very important role in the creation and continuation of the activity of these funds. We selected two household funds in qualitative way and conducted some in-depth interviews with 43 men and women members of these funds. The data has been coded and analyzed in the framework of the qualitative method of Grounded Theory. The results show that these funds are the result of intergroup social capital and play an important role in strengthening intergroup social capital in local communities by performing effective functions. These funds have been generally formed by women. The sum of the causal, contextual and intervening conditions, strategies and consequences of the formation of these funds can be analyzed in relation to the category of gender. The role of gender variable is illustrative in this contex.

This research examines the intergenerational social capital among men and women in Tuyserkan. The method is survey and the population includes men and women over 15 years old in 2020. According to Morgan and Karjesi, 392 people were selected by cluster sampling and have answered the researcher-made questionnaire. Validity by experts' agreement, formal, and structural methods are estimated 0.75, 0.76, and 0.84, respectively. Also, reliability by the internal consistency method is obtained 0.82. The data is analyzed by SPSS-26 software and with ANOVA and independent T-test. The results show there is difference among all three generations and between men and women in terms of social capital. The older generation has more social capital. There is relationship among intergenerational variables, gender, age groups, income, type of job, marital status, education, place of residence, age of marriage, presence in the community, and social capital variable. There are differences among different generations in terms of presence in society, individual and social freedoms, social trust, and social mobility. Also, there is difference between men and women in terms of variables of social mobility and presence in the community. Therefore, paying attention to the generation gap in the light of social capital is particularly important.

The concept of social capital has the potential to direct behavior based on network, norm, value and social trust in the structure. Social capital is considered a desirable element for doing intra-group work, and its existence is necessary for social solidarity and achieving society's goals; The higher the amount of social capital, the lower the cost of society. The purpose of this research is to describe the amount of social capital in terms of demographic variables. The statistical population of this article includes 13 cities of Hormozgan province, and the data was collected from the land survey center and as a whole. The results showed that the social capital of citizens living in Hormozgan province is at an average level, they are all over the country.Also, social capital among men with an average of 2.74, people over 55 years of age 2.79, Shia religion 2.74, people with primary education level 2.92, retirees 2.78 more than others. These statistics are approximately close to the amount of social capital across the country. It shows that men often communicate with a wider range of people due to the connection with the outside environment and as a result of more social activities and being in better social and professional positions than women, and the opportunity to communicate and expand Social ties are much more for men.

This study was conducted with the aim of investigating the culture of poverty in Kermanshah women. This survey study was conducted in Kermanshah city in 2019, and its statistical population included all women aged 15 to 59, of which 384 were selected as a sample and studied. Questionnaires were used to examine the status of social and economic capital and the culture of poverty. SPSS and AMOS software were used for data analysis. The results showed that the average score of culture of poverty among women whose husbands had died was 3.50, which was higher than single people with an average of 2.60. Also, the average score of the culture of poverty among the age groups over 51 years old was higher than the age group 15 to 24 years old. In addition, the culture of poverty among illiterate people (3.34) was more than other educational classes. The results also showed that the score of culture of poverty (3) was higher among those who have a low socio-economic base compared to other classes. The findings of this study also showed that social capitals and economic capitals could explain 28% and 26% of the variance of poverty culture, respectively. Therefore, economic and social capitals have a negative effect on the culture of poverty, and their improvement and increase should always be considered.

The aim of the present research was to identify some characteristics of cinemagoers in Zahedan city and to examine the relationship between types of capital and their cinematographic tendencies. Since the achievement of the above-mentioned goal depends on knowing the tendency and taste of people, as well as examining their cultural taste according to their assets or capital, in this research, Pierre Bourdieu's approach has been used as a theoretical guide. The research method in this research was also quantitative with the aim of describing and explaining the investigated phenomenon and using the researcher-made questionnaire tool. The statistical population of the research was all customers of cinemas in Zahedan at the time of data collection and the sample size was 232 people who were selected as a whole number of people willing to cooperate. The findings of this research show that cultural and social capitals have a significant relationship with many cinematic tendencies of Zahedani cinemagoers. While economic capital does not show such a significant relationship. Also, all the background characteristics investigated by Zahedani cinemagoers, including gender, age, marital status, ethnicity, religion, level of education, activity status and economic class of the family, at least some of them have a significant relationship with their cinematic tendencies.

Today, one of the most important issues of human life is to pay attention to the environment in which one lives. The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between social and cultural capital and environmental responsibility based on the concept of capital in Bourdieu's thought.

This research was carried out using a survey method with a statistical population of citizens aged 15 years and older in Yasouj city. Based on Cochran's formula and the variance calculated from the pre-test with 95% confidence, 323 people were selected as the sample size. The validity of the questionnaire was also measured by its formal type and reliability using Cronbach's alpha.

The research results showed a significant relationship between social capital and embodied cultural capital and environmental responsibility. There is no significant relationship between contextual variables (gender, education, employment status, and marital status) with environmental responsibility. Structural equation modeling showed that 44% of the variance of the environmental responsibility variable is explained by the variables of social capital (with more influence) and cultural capital.

Based on the findings of this research and Bourdieu's theory, the more social and cultural capital citizens have, the better their environmental responsibility. In the city of Yasouj, due to the commitment to ethnic and tribal relations and ties, having social capital in the form of social support in communication networks plays a very effective role in encouraging people to behave in an environmentally responsible manner. Therefore, in line with the theoretical and practical training of people in environmentally responsible behavior using citizens, it is suggested to issue licenses to NGOs in the field of environment with minimal government interference, holding workshops, conferences, and public gatherings, strengthening communication bridges between people and responsible organizations in the field of environment, especially through virtual space, strengthening communication and building trust between people and non-governmental organizations, including religious institutions, and educating families through schools.

Despite the wide spread of the concept of social capital, not much research has been done on its applications in the field of marketing. Therefore, the current research was conducted with the aim of designing a value co-creation model in family branding and the mediating role of social capital. In this regard, a survey field study was conducted by distributing a questionnaire in a sample consisting of 384 customers of leather brands related to family companies in Iran. The questionnaire used included 6 dimensions and 21 items, which were distributed among the members of the statistical sample after ensuring reliability and validity. Partial least squares technique and SmartPLS software were used for data analysis. Based on the results obtained, it was found that social capital has a positive and significant effect on participation (involvement) and the quality of customer-brand relationship; Customer participation and the quality of the customer-brand relationship have a positive and significant effect on receiving feedback; Customer participation and the quality of the customer-brand relationship have a positive and significant effect on recommended advertising; Receiving feedback and recommended advertisements has a positive and significant effect on the co-creation of brand value. The results of the goodness of fit showed that the model proposed in this research has good validity and good fit.