جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « تغییرات اقلیمی » در نشریات گروه « علوم اجتماعی »

Cultural landscapes that result from diverse changes and are influenced by crises caused by natural or human processes can be valuable references for learning, decision-making, and planning in the face of changes in the contemporary world. The study aimed to design a conceptual model of the continuity of the evolutionary process of the cultural landscape in the face of climate change using the grounded theory method. Purposive sampling was done with 30 samples, data collection was done through semi-structured interviews, and data was analyzed using MAXQDA software. Following the explanation of the concept of the cultural landscape and the analysis of its evolution based on the theory of structuration, landscape ecology, and change, the results of the study showed that the continuous evolution of cultural landscapes against environmental stresses, including climate changes, requires the discovery and recall of lived experiences during the moments of change and transformational learning in the direction of mitigation, adaptation, value-creating, and regeneration measures. The application of this model in formulating strategies in temporal-spatial scales can lead to the improvement of cultural resilience of cultural landscapes and establish continuity in the path of evolution.

Through qualitative meta-analysis, this article has examined 42 studies conducted in the field of mechanisms and strategies for adapting to climate change during the years 2013 to 2014. In this article, descriptive information of 9 methodological components related to the studied scientific works is presented. Is. Also, from the point of view of content, emphasizing the integration and classification of adaptation mechanisms to climate change and migration, 94 adaptation mechanisms and solutions with a frequency of 363 have been classified in the form of 7 main strategies. Based on this, more than 60% of the mechanisms and solutions were related to technical, agricultural, and water and soil strategies, and less than 40% of the mechanisms and solutions provided were dedicated to support strategies, policy making, and capacity building. At the end, recommendations of study and policy nature have been proposed in order to organize and prevent climate migrations in the country.

Today, the world is facing climate change and global warming. Iran is not exempt from this situation and climate change has many negative effects on all its regions. In particular, these changes have led to successive droughts in the last 15 years. In this research, the environmental and socioeconomic impacts of CC on two villages in the eastern Isfahan province and the responses of the local community and government policies in the face of these changes were investigated using Al-Rish Beck’s “The Risky Society” approach. Observational instruments, semi-structured interviews, and group interviews were used to gather information. Through purposive selection, 47 people (32 men and 15 women) were interviewed, including informed organizations, informed locals, and  villagers.  Grounded theory method was used for data analysis.The result of the analysis was the extraction of 215 concepts, which were reduced to 157 after revision. These concepts were then used to form 35 categories, which resulted in the core category of “Intensified Instability.” The results show that climate change, combined with mismanagement of water resources by government organizations and, to a lesser extent, villagers, has led to negative environmental consequences such as degradation of water, air, and soil resources, resulting in a reduction in cultivated land, loss of livelihoods such as livestock, and reduction in cultivated diversity, followed by economic problems such as an increase in poverty. This has led to a decrease in savings and a sense of economic insecurity. These conditions have also led to cultural issues such as a change in villagers’ lifestyles and a reluctance to live in the village and a turn to urban lifestyles. In addition, the drought and its consequences have also affected the physical and mental health of the people in the region, leading to physical illness and mental discomfort. However, there are some differences between the two villages in terms of social consequences. For example, while there has been out-migration in the village in southern Baraan, the village in northern Baraan has not only not out-migrated, but has actually become receptive to immigrants. It can be concluded that the location of the village and the spirit of participation are the reasons for these differences. The village in North Braan, which has a more favorable climate, has become the residence of the rich people of Isfahan city, and service sector jobs have been created in the village, which has prevented the villagers from migrating. Moreover, the spirit of participation in the management of water resources has been shown in this village.

This study was conducted with the aim of sociologically investigating the way humans behave on the natural environment and investigating environmental challenges, how the environment affects the society and how the society affects the environment. In this article, while explaining the theories of macro and micro sociology in relation to the environment, the topics of environmental sociology include: water problem, drought, climate change, global warming, air problem, change of consumption pattern, science of genetic engineering as a challenge. environmental issues and especially in relation to Iran's environment have been investigated.

The decrease in rainfall, increase in temperature and excessive consumption of water in 1402 has ledto the biggest crisis of the century in the field of water. This importance has increased the need to pay attentionto the policy issue of crisis management in the country's water. The current research is a quantitative research interms of practical purpose and in terms of data collection method. The technique or method used in thequantitative section is survey. The statistical population of this research includes all the experts and managers ofthe water field in the country, which due to the vastness of the researched population, the size of the populationis unlimited and above one hundred thousand people. According to Morgan's table, 384 sample people arerequired, of which 397 questionnaires were returned to the researcher. Non-random sampling method isavailable. In this research, a 21-item questionnaire was used to answer the research questions. Cronbach'salpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability of the research items or measures. Cronbach's alphacoefficient above 0.70 is acceptable as an alpha coefficient and shows that there is a relationship and continuitybetween the items or questions of each variable. The results of the implementation of the research model showthat the highest coefficient of the path is related to the political dimension with a coefficient of 0.889 and thesecond place is the legal dimension with a coefficient of 0.766. And the lowest path coefficient is related to theclimatic dimension with a coefficient of 0.504. The results of the t-test show that at the 99% confidence level, themanagerial, economic, political, cultural and climatic dimensions are in a poor condition, and only two legaland social dimensions are in a favorable condition out of the total dimensions examined in terms of the researchsample.

Climatic conditions are one of the important elements that are used by military units in general and border units in particular to ensure security in the formulation of military tactics and offensive and defense warfare; In recent years, with climate change in the area of ​​Hur al-Azim Wetland, we see the dryness of this area and sometimes rising water levels, due to the special work of the Border Command in securing our border areas, which is one of the important missions of this organization to carry out delay operations during enemy attacks. (Neighboring country).

The research is applied research in terms of purpose and result and based on the nature of the data is qualitative, which was done using the Delphi method. The statistical population in this study was 13 commanders and senior and middle managers of Khuzestan province, especially the Azadegan plain border regiment. The sampling method is "targeted judgmental" or "selective". Data collection tools were interview (semi-structured questionnaire in the early stages of brainstorming panels) and closed questionnaire. SPSS software was used to analyze the data collected from the questionnaires.

Climatic changes of Horalazim Wetland in the delayed operations of the Azadegan Plain Border Regiment have favorable (positive) and unfavorable (negative) consequences regarding the delayed operations of the executive units (companies and checkpoints) of this border regiment. Three consequences of "slowing down the enemy's movement by increasing the water depth (rising water level) during the wet season"; "The possibility of constructing and using natural obstacles (reservoirs) in front of the enemy in wet weather" were counted.

Among the unfavorable consequences of climate change in Hur al-Azim border residents to Aqaba due to drought" and "reduction of vegetation, drying of wetlands and "As a result, natural barriers are removed in times of drought."

Climate change affects many aspects of human life, such as the economy, environment and society. Although its consequences are invisible for the public in short term, they are often informed about the negative aspects of climate change through the media. In other words, the media dedicate and cover news in order to make people aware about the impact of climate change. Number of researches has been conducted on the way the media frame and cover the climatic issues in many countries, but there is no such at present to show how this particular is being covered in the Iranian media. This paper is the first academic research to examine the coverage of climate change in the Iranian press. We have analyzed 388 climate stories published on 15 well-known national newspapers by using SPSS software and applying the quantitative content analysis method to understand how these newspapers could present climate stories. Findings show that the Iranian press often used “Conflict” and “Environmental Consequences” frames to illustrate climate change issues, but “Scientific Uncertainty” and “Current Weather” were rarely mentioned. Moreover, these newspapers relied mainly on “Experts” as sources more than the other sources to present climate stories.

The communication infrastructures development and the heterogeneously configured network connectivity have led to the both expansion and diversification of vulnerabilities and threats as well as the decline of cybersecurity. Data centers as the heart of information and communication infrastructures are the main target of cyber threats in the critical infrastructures. Cyber threats structuring in data centers, as the main objective of the present article, is among the most important measures to improve cybersecurity. Meta-synthesis has been used as a systematic qualitative method for data gathering, categorization of cyber threats for critical infrastructures, analysis, and identification of frequent cyber threats. The results were validated qualitatively by focus group methodology and quantitively through Kapa Coefficient about 9 dimensions: technology, source, nature, motivation, outbreak range, effects and implications, influence range, realization method and vulnerability, and also 36 items of cybersecurity in data centers. Finally, the results were presented in a conceptual model.

Today, world faces unpredicted conflicts which is characterized by decreasing quality of life of many people around the world. A lot of warnings in recent years had forced human to move towards more sustainable life patterns. The current study aims at identifying the conditions and interactions of water stack holders of groundwater of Rafsanjan. This research has been conducted with qualitative approach of Grounded theory. Participants were selected by purposive snowball sampling. Selecting 110 beneficiaries from agriculture sector, small industries related to production and export of pistachio, guaranteed the theoretical saturation of the sample. The data were collected via focus group discussion. The conditions and interactions of participants were analyzed as facing water scarcity. The findings illustrate the basic concepts of study including the demands for participation, demand for justice, demand for accountability, participatory insights, and climate changes. The core concept of this research is meaning reconstruction of participatory water governance.

At the end of the Cold War, a new era began in security attitudes that made a review in the concept of "security and threats" necessary. This review caused approaches to develop in international security that emphasized on the future of security multidimensional. In the new paradigm, along with military hardware factors, political, economic, socio-cultural, and environmental factors are considered as they can act as a threat to international security. Climate change is considered as one of the important international issues in the globalization age. This change in Earth environment can be cause due to the danger in climate change in Earth. Today our lives depend on climate change. In the international scene, effects of threats in relation between countries are observed. For example, Darfur War is the first challenge in the field of climate change. This threat, in addition to social tensions, also will follow political unrest and violent conflicts. This subject is acknowledged in United Nation Framework Convention and also follows up to the Secretary General and checks Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in Security Council as the threat against peace and international security.

Humanly induced climate change has been taking place since few decades ago, and developing countries are generally more vulnerable to the consequences of these changes, as they tend to rely on more climate sensitive sectors, such as subsistence agriculture, where they lack the resources to buffer themselves against the changes emerging by global warming. Agriculture is a risky job inherently, and climate change with unexpected future worsens the situation. Many of farmers’ decisions and its results are influenced by climate parameters such as precipitation, temperature, and humidity, therefore they should adapt themselves with climate changes. Adjustment with current climate variability and potential climate change is a prerequisite for sustainable development and all farmers consequently need to learn to cope with the predicted changes. In this regard farmers need help and support to make good decisions to adapt with changes. With assumptions about how people and societies will respond to climate change, policy makers could more accurately compare the costs and benefits of particular policies, also, by identifying why a particular group of people do what they do, it will make opportunities to intervene in the process, helping them make better decisions. The study place is Marvdasht in Fars Province that is one of the leading regions in the agriculture sector and is confronted with serious drought as well as reducing the precipitation in recent years. This qualitative study used grounded theory principles to collect and analyze data and provide a paradigmatic model. Research sample includes two villages, which were selected purposefully: Esmaeilabad with highest climate changes and Chamesohrabkhani with lowest climate changes in Marvdasht. In order to gather the required data field observations and in depth focus group interviews were used. Nine farmers in Esmaeilabad as well as eight farmers in Chamsohrabkhani attended in interview sessions. Questions were grouped into 4 categories: 1) Farmers’ perceptions about climate changes, the situation of agriculture and their properties 2) farmers’ behavior toward adaptation, their future decisions and existed problems and obstacles 3) farmers’ resources for climate information and consultation to farm management decisions and 4) farmers’ perception about future of agriculture sector in this region. Discussion of Results & The analytical process in grounded theory involves coding strategies: Open coding is the process of breaking down interviews, observations and other forms of appropriate data into distinct units of meaning which are labeled to generate concepts. The focus of axial coding is to create a model that details the specific conditions of phenomenon’s occurrence. Selective coding is the process of selecting the central or core category, systematically relating it to other categories, validating those relationships, and complete categories that need further refinement and development. Some major research results in this study according to the above coding system include: Farmer's perception about reduction in precipitation and warmer environment, decreasing in quantity and quality of crops, increasing crop pests and diseases, reduction of property and capital, also, improving farm production management and developing technology. These are the main adaptive activities used by farmers. Also, their main problems include: lack of credit and fund for investment, bureaucratic problems with public organizations. Based on research results, some concepts were extracted and categorized in coding process and a paradigmatic model was designed. Finally, some applicable suggestions to improve farmers’ adjustment with climate change are presented. In this regard, one useful activity could be change in crop system and using crops with low water usage, also replacing crops like rice (with high water consumption) with low water crops, and extending modern technologies such as modern irrigation methods.

This paper tries to systematically survey, with taking theoretical view on geomorphic basin and its changes into account. The purpose of this research is to determine the balance and stability of geomorphic basins from the past to present and then to future. Consequently, it tries to determine the balance between energy and input-output materials for example (rainfall, solar radiation, tectonics and neotectonics …) to the basin based cybernetics (including geomorphic, topographic and geological state) and also to calculate energy and material balance considering positive and negative entropy at basin level. Based on the findings, which is the outcome of cybernetic resultant between form and process in basin, we can determine stability and type of balance in the basin. In this paper, emphasis has been put only on rainfall (express of the energy exponent). However, it first discusses Kor Basin Geomorphic locations and Energy-Material Entropy on its surface and then Quantity form of energy (Isolated & Potential Energy). Considering geomorphic state of the basin, we can determine the best planning method from all systems (planning, risk management and crisis management) for basin that neither requires a great cost nor causes disturbance in stability and geomorphic balance while being the optimal process. In Kor geo planning, we are encountering and determining two dimentions: (Y dimension, for geomorphic change for example throughput topogeraphy geradient formations on Kor Basin and X dimension, for rainfall discharge range on Kor Basin rivers out let only and only on fiat paper surface), but in Kor geo management, we represent at least three – dimensional ordered, for example topogeraphy gradient for Y coordinate and rivers discharge quantity for X coordinate and absolution geography location (for space point Z coordinate). Consequently, Kor River Basin can be studied based on two scientific metod: I. Planning & II, Management.