جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « medina » در نشریات گروه « علوم قرآن و حدیث »

During the Hajj and Umrah, the most common charge leveled by those opposed to Islamic approximation against the adherents of the Ahl al-Bayt School in the Holy Shrines of Mecca and Medina is the insulting of the Companions. However, Islamic historical sources confirm that the subject of insulting the Muslim figures was initiated and fostered by the opponents of the Shia Imams (as). Therefore, it is necessary to clarify the fact. Now the question is, by whom and how was the open curse against the Ahl al-Bayt (as) and the Companions first promoted during the Hajj season and in the Holy Shrines? What were its causes and reasons, and what were its effects on Islamic society? In this study, the author describes and analyzes primary sources of the history of the first century of Islam to arrive at the conclusion that the Caliphs, the rulers of the Umayyad and Zubair dynasties, initiated the heresy of spreading blasphemy against Amir al-Mu'minin Ali (as) during the Hajj and in the Holy Shrines for the first time, and there were several social and psychological reasons in addition to their primary objective of driving out the political opponent behind this heresy. The result of this heresy was the normalizing of insulting Amir al-Mu'minin Ali (as) in the Hajj season and in the Holy Shrines during the years 41-99, and the promotion of the School of Nasbiism and the blasphemy culture in Islamic society.

The type of human life, culture, and thought has been involved in the emergence of the city and urbanization. Humans influence the city and its structure, and the city, in turn, affects humans and their behavior and thoughts. In this article, using the method of semantics, the different semantic domains of the words "bald," "medina," and "qaryah" are explored, investigating why God has used three different words to convey the concept of a city. The research findings indicate that the words "bald," "medina," and "qaryah" in the Quran are employed with different meanings, serving as a reflection of cultural variables, urbanization, and human and social irregularities in society. "Bald" is a general term referring to land, in "medina," the culture of urban living is the criterion, governed by specific laws, and "qaryah" possesses a visible and material settlement.

Anomie is among the macro concepts within social maladies, explaining one of the key factors contributing to the emergence of such issues. Anomie refers to a state where an individual loses the certainties of the past and collective conscience loses its ability to support and morally guide them. Understanding the factors behind social maladies plays a pivotal role in their prevention and remedy. The question arises whether the Quran, as the most important source of knowledge for Muslims, has paid attention to the concept of anomie within Islamic society. This research aims to elucidate the Quran's attention to the concept of anomie. Revealing the Quran's attention to this concept serves as a prelude to discussing the Quran's strategies to counter this state. The research methodology employs qualitative content analysis with a combined approach. Findings indicate that the factors leading to a state of anomie at the inception of the Islamic governance in Medina include: the scholarly authority of the People of the Book, their influences, the shift of the Qiblah, and the emergence of new converts to Islam. Among the manifestations of anomie reflected in the Quran are: the weakening of the credibility of beliefs, values, and Islamic norms, the formation of dual loyalties and awareness, individuals' confusion in choosing existing religious and moral systems, and their wavering commitment to Islamic beliefs, values, and norms.

Architecture is one of the applied arts that is one of the necessities of human life and is a manifestation of culture and civilization. One of the aspects of Islamic civilization is the relics and buildings left in human and Islamic societies. This research seeks to answer the question of which one of terms in the Holy Qur’an refers to architecture or spaces related to a structure or cities? The purpose of this study is to identify the role and place of architecture in the Qur’an and to explain and reread the meaning of some words related to architecture and the city. The research method is descriptive-analytical and this research concludes that unlike the books of the bible Old and New Testament in which there is geographical information and material descriptions, the spirit of the Qur’an is completely spiritual and immaterial. Any description of this world has been avoided and in many cases the terms related to buildings and structures has nothing to do with the description of an architecture or material work and its meaning is a good human deed. In this research, some words such as Medina, Beya, mosque, Maharib and Yaemoro have been explained and interpretationed.

 "Tamaddun" or "hadzarah" [civilization] is a word that is not directly mentioned in the Holy Quran, but the way to research it is by searching for related words, especially words with a social connotation. "Ummah" [nation], "qawm" [ethnic group], "qaryah" [village] and "madinah" [city] are among the most important words that have been already considered as a form of civilization. The main question of the present article is what is the semantic relationship between the above words with civilization and is it possible to achieve a concept of civilization in the Qur'an through them? In this article, an attempt has been made to use a descriptive-analytical method to first study and describe the concept of the mentioned words and then to investigate its relationship with civilization. The findings of this study indicate that these words do not have a direct semantic signification on the concept of civilization and they can not be considered as civilization; But according to the meaning and social capacity of these words, they can be employed as the word “civilization”, ie, the wird civilization can be attributed to these concepts and social contexts. Meanwhile, the words "ummah" and "medina" have a high capacity for conceptual connection with religious civilization.

Chronology of the verses of the Qur'an is one of the emerging researches that is rooted in the narrations and interpretations of the Qur'an. In the contemporary period, first Westerners and then Islamic scholars have studied the Qur'an by various criteria. One of the verses that has always been the subject of much controversy on the date of its revelation is verses 196 to 203 of Surah Al-Baqarah, which are about the legislation of islamic ritual of Hajj and the correction of some innovative additions performed by the polytheists before Islam, in Hajj and Umrah. The commentators have considered different years for the revelation of this item, which includes the sixth to tenth years; Meanwhile, there is no doubt about the revelation of Surah Al-Baqarah in the first two years of the prophet's emigration to Medina. But the results of this study which is descriptive analytical and according to the interpretive and historical sources  - indicate that the year of revelation of this item can be the second year of AH and simultaneously with the revelation of other verses of Surah Baqara.

Ibn Mujahid, the reciter of Baghdad, in the fourth century AH, using the position of Sheykh al-Qurra’ (the head reciter) and political influence, and according to the prevalence and reputation of the hadith of the revelation of the Qur'an through Seven Letters, formalized seven readings from five important cities and gradually over time other readings became known as Shazz (unreliable). While many of these shazz readings had the qualifications of a correct reading. In this research, the author intends to examine the recitation of Zayd ibn Ali, which is among the popular readings; because according to the narration of Sheikh Tusi in the Fehrest, Zayd was sure of the correctness of his recitation and attributed it to Imam Ali (a.s). Hence, the author tries to retrieve the criteria of the correctness of the recitation of Zayd with the criteria of reading accuracy from Ibn Jazari's point of view with an analytical-historical approach on how the recitation of Zayd was formed in Medina. Finally, according to the study, it should be said that the recitation of Zayd ibn Ali has the criteria for the recitation accuracy to a large extent, also the study of the effect of Zayd recitation on the interpretation of the Qur'an, is another component of this research.

Marthiya/ marsiya mskes an important daya for research into Husayni literature. As artistic expression makes the content more endurable, the poetic language of marthiya contributes to the eternal life of Husayni literature. The Iranian poet Shahriyar composed some poems to mark his devotion to Imam al-Husayn. In it, Shariyar renders a poetical rendition of the life and times of Imam al-Husayn from his leaving Medina to Mecca, and then to Karbala. In this way, he showed to be aware of thevhistorical-cum-doctrinal aspects of that phase of Shiite history. 

One of the key factors in the movement of Imam al-Husayn was the culturally corrupt atmosphere of Medina at that time. Research shows that the teachings of the rulers who preceded Imam Ali, the spread of fabricated Israelite traditions, and the Umayyads' propaganda against the Ahl al-Bayt, and the unfavorable religious situation of Medina forced Imam al-Husayn to leave Medina so as not to take an oath of allegiance in favor of Yazid.

Study of developments in regard to prevalence of various Quranic readings in different regions, spread of variants in this respect, and the large number of popular readers to whom special readings are attributed, indicate that some important politico- cultural circles have paved the way for these various readings. Thus these politico cultural factors should be taken into account while making Quranic researches. The Medinan –oriented circle is among these politico-cultural circles proved to be significant and influential in many developments of Quranic sciences.
The present article is an attempt to study the influence of this circle in development and prevalence of certain Quranic readings in the history of Muslim world. What points to the significance of dealing with this subject is the ambiguity in some historical reports relevant to the causes of development and prevalence of some special readings in certain regions of the Muslim world. These reports have been subject to different interpretations in different times. These differences and the lack of precise explanation of politico- cultural circles have hindered us from a realistic look to the issue of variants in Quranic readings.

Darvazeh is one of the contemporary interpreters that his interpretation is based on chronological order. One of his reasons to interpret the Quran in this method is understanding the interpretation of the Quran based on the process of revelation of the verses. Darvazeh followed the method of Imam Ali (Pbuh) in collecting the verses of Quran after the death of Prophet Mohammad (Pbuh) as the supporter of his attitude. his attempt in "Siyaq al Ayah(verses)" and chronological order of verses based on Mecca and Medina origin of the verses in dividing divine words are Darvazeh's fundamentals of interpretational method. Darvazeh's emphasis in dividing the Suras based on Mecca and Medina origin of the verses in "Siyaq al Ayah" and "theme" resulted in the ignorance of traditions and also all of his efforts focused on explaining the thematic unity among the verses of the Quran. Darvazeh's approach resulted in a incorrect interpretation based Mecca and Medina origin of the verses. his approach also distanced his interpretation from adherence to interpret rules such as referring to correct traditions as important component in understanding the verses. however, Darvazeh succeeded in offering correct interpretation by commitment to the role of chronological order of verses.

Medina verses in Mecca Surahs and Mecca verses in Medina Surahs are so-called exceptional verses. Surahs the Cattle and the Israelites are surahs in which there are some exceptional verses. But to what extent this is right? Someone with respect to inaccurate traditions has called this verse exception. These traditions will be studied in this research.Initially the unity of descent of these two surahs, and then, by virtue of some historical reasons and their correspondence with the content and the style of verses and traditions related to the order of descent, the place and the time of descending of these surahs in Mecca will be proved in this paper by using some intra and extra textual evident.