جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "اصول اخلاق حرفه ای" در نشریات گروه "فلسفه و کلام"

As a result of recent corporate scandals, several rules e.g. SOX have focused on the role played by Boards of Directors on the planning and monitoring of corporate codes of conduct. Non-executive directors are in a better position than executives to protect and further the interests of all stakeholders because of their experience and their sense of moral and legal obligations. Female directors also tend to be more sensitive to ethics according to several past studies which explain the fact that women are thought to place a greater emphasis on harmonious relations and the fact that men and women use different ethical frameworks in their judgments. The goal of this paper is to determine the influence of these characteristics of the Board in terms of promoting and hindering the creation of a professional code of conduct. Research method of present study is descriptive with correlation-regression type. All companies listed in Tehran Stock Exchange were selected as the target population. From this population a sample of 202 was selected using random sampling. Necessary data for corporate governance were obtained from CODAL database. Then, contents of sample companie's website were analyzed in order to determine the creation of professional codes of conduct. Our findings show that a greater percentage of non-executive directors on a Board of Directors relate the creation of professional codes of conduct, positively. Moreover, the greater number of female directors lead to more ethical companies. Despite, board ownership does not necessarily lead to creation of professional codes of conduct. In essence of corporate ownership structure and its relation on corporate governance it is highly recommended that professional standard-setting organizations urge companies to establish and use professional codes of conduct. Moreover, companies tend to use more female and outside directors on their boards.

Ethics is a component of virtue which can be elaborated and applied in every society. The media also finds relevance in ethics. Since ethics has a direct relationship with humans and societies, the media cannot be unethical. This study aims to evaluate observance of professional ethics by official news agencies in Iran. The descriptive method was used in this study. The statistical population included all official Iranian news agencies that were active from March 2013 to August 2013. Out of this population, ten news agencies were selected as available samples: Arya, IRNA, ILNA, ISNA, IKNA, Borna, Khabar On line, Fars, Mehr, and MOJ. The research tool was inverse questionnaire, and the obtained data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics (mean value and standard deviation). The findings showed that the maximum and minimum mean values corresponded to the lack of plagiarism index (with a mean value of 3.65) and the independence index (with a mean value of 1.47) respectively. Therefore, the lack of plagiarism index and the independence index represented the most and the least successful instances of observing professional ethics respectively. Moreover, due consideration of the findings revealed that 50 percent of the selected news agencies had not observed professional ethical principles. Based on the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that non-existence of codified professional ethics for the Iranian media, non-existence of private Iranian media, and the fact that all Iranian media are public organizations, play an effective role in non-observance of professional ethics by the Iranian media.

Librarians are experts who collect and disseminate information. It is accepted that only having some needed skills to deal with information is not enough, but it necessitates humanistic high features and ethical conducts. Therefore, the aim of the present research was to study the viewpoint of librarians who are members of Iranian Library and Information Science Association in relation to professional codes of ethics. This applied research was done using descriptive survey method. The statistical population of this research included 1873 librarians who are members of Iranian Library and Information Science Association and their provincial branches (10 ones). To collect the data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The questionnaire was designed on the basis of some components and indices available in the related literature and librarians’ ethical codes of conduct. According to research findings, in order of priority, components “being responsible towards self”, “the responsibility towards colleagues”, “the responsibility towards the profession”, “the responsibility towards users”, “the responsibility towards organization”, “the responsibility towards society”, and “the responsibility towards experts of other professions” were suggested to compile codes of professional ethics for Iranian librarians. Ultimately, final code of ethics intended by librarians who are members of Iranian Library and Information Science Associations in the form of seven components and thirty two principles was provided.

The professional ethics is a set of accepted and sensible actions and reactions that are established by professional organizations so as to utilize social relations among members and employees, implementing professional duties and responsibilities. Nowadays, ethics and the professional conduct based on it is so important that even large business-industry companies adhere to professional ethics and its celebration in the form of professional conduct or the Code of Ethics, as a guide for managers and employees in their relations on the one hand, and the important strategy of organization issue in relationship with customers on the other. Trades and businesses are viable and thriving only with their customers – and this can be obtained by honesty and effective communication. The survival and success of any business follows professional ethics in the business. In recent decades the investments based on ethical principles has become one of the most important topics in the field of business. The roots of this tendency in society and also among the investors are very different. Using analysis-descriptive method, this paper seeks to explain the importance of ethics in business, the effects of applying the principles of the thriving and increasing business and the challenges ahead in this field. Also in this paper, the addition to explaining the principles of ethics to business professionals, we will discuss the pathology of non-compliance with these principles. The principals of professional ethics are fairness, commitment, keeping secrets, competence and professional care. Professional ethics can be examined from four aspects: society, interest groups behavior of individuals within the organization, together with the other people outside the organization. Ethical issues should be considered in different parts of the business such as finance, human resources management, marketing and sales promotion activities, manufacturing operations, intellectual property, knowledge and skills management, and international trade.