جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « عبودیت » در نشریات گروه « فلسفه و کلام »

Allameh Mohammad Mahdi Asefi, one of the Shia clerics, and Seyyed Qutb, a Sunni thinker, are among the scholars who, having a maximum view of religion and Islamic teachings, consider religion to be useful for all the individual, social and political spheres of man, and believe that in order to solve the problems of humanity, one should turn to true Islam. The most important issue for returning to true Islam is sovereignty, which is the issue of the present article. From the point of view of these two scholars, the rule of Islam is based on the divinity of God and the servitude of servants, and it means ruling based on the laws of Islam and Sharia. The following article expresses the views of these two scholars in the field of governance with a descriptive analytical method and a comparative approach. The findings of the research show that the two scholars think similarly in the fields of the divine sovereignty and its realization, the general outlines of the government, the unity of authority and the government, though there are some differences in issues such as the authority, legitimacy and governor`s conditions.

Manis a multi-dimensional creature with many potential capacities the recognitionand realiziations of which unfolds these hidden and innate capacities andbrings about wonder. Servitude of God, purification of soul and controlling thematerial aspect reigned by spiritual dimensions disclose these wonderful andincredible capacities of man and reveal the hidden divine aspect of theservant.  In the way of spiritualevolution of man through servitude of God, he ascends to heaven, becomesdivinely, his egoism disappears, and through the promotion of soul in the universe,performs divinely deeds such as implementing a wonder. In absolute surrender toGod, Man’s deeds adopt divine management and a bilateral commitment ofaffairs occurs. Man commits his affairs to God and submits himself todivine measure and as a result, God bestows on him an evolutionary and acreationary power just beyond the realm of the soul. This creativity is called thewonder of the saints and the miracle of the prophets by the mystics.  Performing a miracle and implementing ofsupernatural acts is verified by credible religious texts and Islamic thinkers.In the current study, this human dimension is validated by relying on religiousand Quranic texts and contents. Also, the mechanism of doing wonder (miracle)is explained and some proofs are submitted on it from the words of religious thinkers.

Happiness is a multifaceted issue which is discussed in various sciences from different perspectives. The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical. The purpose of this study is to investigate the ultimate happiness as the highest stage of happiness from the perspective of Fakhreddin Razi. In his various works, and in particular in Al-Tafsir al-Kabir, he has spoken of various criteria for achieving spiritual happiness, the most important of which are abandoning evil deeds and doing necessary things, pure annihilation of one's being, attaining the four attributes of faith, migration, jihad with wealth and soul, attaining God's love, gaining knowledge of the essence, divine attributes and deeds, knowing the right acts such as goodness and good deeds, gaining knowledge of the highest degree of divine glory and honor, manifestation of divine glory for the servant, immersion in divine knowledge, immersion in worship of God and turning away from those other than God. Fakhreddin has certainly been influenced by the great thinkers of his time in the Islamic tradition such as al- Farabi, al-Muskawiyyah, and Ibn Sina. However, he has been more influenced by al-Ghazali than other thinkers.

Feelings and emotions play a special role in human’s behavior and actions. This influence is also seen in the realm of worship and religious behavior. It is debatable whether emotions contribute to worship and servitude or act as deterrents. The purpose of this study is to investigate the harms that emotions can inflict on the realm of worship and achievement of nearness to God. Previous studies have not explicitly addressed this issue. Therefore, in order to achieve this goal, the descriptive-analytical method and library method (collection of data from valid interpretive, narrative, and ethical sources) have been used. The findings of the study show that negative and deterring emotions such as fear and despair can prevent a person from moving towards servitude, because they prevent the true knowledge of God and, consequently, the acts of worship. The relationship between these feelings and regression in the path of servitude is a synergistic one. Therefore, the root of some sins such as jealousy can be found in feelings that are abnormal and contrary to human nature.

The acceptance of the caliphate as the manifestation of lordship is one of the most important and fundamental goals and wisdom of human creation. It is the most important task of human being to achieve the Nominal perfection and survival to divine traits in behavior and speech. The straight line of worship is the way in which human beings, through the seeking help of scientific and practical evolution can activate the divine Names and attributes in their essence and achieve the position of the nominal, attributal, and actual annihilation which is mentioned as theosophical position. This article, at the beginning, looks for the semantic of theosophy. And while proving that this position can be satisfied by man, according to his existential layers, has cleared how this position can be achieved, according to the context of religion and the works of mystics, then has come to the conclusion that the analysis of the theosophical position has a profound connection with the monotheistic worldview, which is the key to opening many of the ambiguities of epistemic complexities in philosophy of religion. It is the fundamental axioms of cognitive science, resurrectional, and the science of guidance to know the truth of man and his mission in the universe.