جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « pathology » در نشریات گروه « فلسفه و کلام »

The textbooks constitute one of the important pillars of education in any educational system and play a considerable role in the process of teaching and learning, and have always been considered by education planners. Investigating the situation of educational texts and pathology of textbooks in line with improving, completing, updating and making them efficient is among the essential and common measures taken in the educational systems. In investigation and pathology of textbooks related to logics in Qom seminary center, we may find, through a descriptive-critical method, numerous impairments that can be divided into two types: general impairments (including goals, method, content, form and appearance of the text, structure of the text, and psychological aspects) and specific impairments (including stagnation and stop in logical discussions, inattention to new logic, disagreement on the order of discussions, using unfamiliar words and terminologies, qualitative and quantitative deficiency in using examples, lack of analytical practices and questions). Here, by investigating the textbooks of logic in the educational system of Qom seminary – from the viewpoint of structural features and level of observing scientific principles in designing and compiling them on the one hand, and perceiving the direct and indirect effects of the content on various dimensions of cognitive, emotional and skill learning of the learners – we seek to assess them with educational parameters so that we may prepare the ground for rewriting them in proportion to new conditions and new needs to make the book on logics in seminary centers closer to desired conditions.

The main goal of this research is the pathology of the chemistry teaching process considering learning in the second year of high school. The current research is a descriptive-field research and the statistical population consists of a group of chemistry teachers and their students in Tabriz city. For each statistical population, there are 10 closed-ended questions on the Likert scale and 1 open-ended question, considering that the statistical population in question is 15 teachers and 200 students. The data obtained from the questionnaire through data analysis in two The level of descriptive and inferential statistics was done and finally the problems related to the teaching process and its importance were identified and solutions were presented. By looking deeply at these problems, teachers are obliged to take basic steps in order to revise their teaching style.

Explaining the effectiveness of religion in all parts of human life requires the recognition of concepts related to the structures and systems that are effective in the administration of society, such as the concept of civilization, which must be inferred from the sources of religion. Therefore, understanding the pathology of civilization from the perspective of the Holy Qur'an requires re-reading the opinions and opinions of the commentators in this regard. The interpretative view of Allameh Tabatabai in Tafsir al-Mizan in the field of civilizational pathology has a special innovation and comprehensiveness that is made by combining a philosophical view on civilization and history. In this article, the pathology of civilization in Allameh's thought has been analyzed and his point of view has been expressed with a descriptive-analytical method. Under the verses related to the destiny and past peoples and nations, this famous contemporary commentator expressed the Qur'an's view about the degeneration of societies from the high human position and the straight path and the path of God. He knows their real downfall and introduces its causes in corruption, deviation from the path of nature, blasphemy of blessings, oppression, extravagance and extravagance, betrayal, abandonment

Islam is the most complete divine message that introduced the valuable identity of women and elevated their human status. Ignorant prejudices and epistemological poverty, however, led to distorted meaning and misinterpretation of religious propositions and seriously damaged the understanding of religious truths in the field of women and its adaptation to the requirements of the time. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find the damages of explaining religious propositions in the field of women from the perspective of reason; with a rational approach and the correct use of logical data in the face of hadiths, it leads to the correct explanation of religious propositions and the rejection of false narrations and misinterpretations. The findings of the present study indicate the need to use logic and rational methods in explaining and understanding religious propositions correctly as described based on documents analytically.

The present study attempts to examine the articles in the Quarterly Journal of Epistemological Studies at the Islamic University and first to answer the question, what were the weaknesses of the articles published in this quarterly?And second, to what extent have these articles been able to provide the magazine's policies?

This research compiled using the combined research method. In this method, data are explained using two methods of quantitative and qualitative analysis.

A review of quarterly articles indicates that in the pathology section of the titles among 159 titles of articles published between 1394 and 1398, 5.66% of the articles had title similarities, 14.47% of the articles had long title damage, 8.18% had unclear the title and 12.57% of the articles did not match the policies and objectives of the journal.In the abstract section, 27.04% of the abstracts are weak in the expression of purpose,11.95% weakness in method expression,10.06% weakness in expression of findings and 6.92% of the abstracts were deficient in expressing the conclusion. Also, out of 488 keywords, 256 cases, equivalent to 34.41%, had problems.

Despite the disadvantages and weaknesses of the articles published in the Quarterly Journal of Epistemological Studies at the Islamic University, the reviewed articles were able to meet the expectations of the journal,So that 80.5% of the articles were in line with the policies and goals of the journal On average, less than 15% of the damage was seen in different wardsWhich should be corrected in future issues.

Feelings and emotions play a special role in human’s behavior and actions. This influence is also seen in the realm of worship and religious behavior. It is debatable whether emotions contribute to worship and servitude or act as deterrents. The purpose of this study is to investigate the harms that emotions can inflict on the realm of worship and achievement of nearness to God. Previous studies have not explicitly addressed this issue. Therefore, in order to achieve this goal, the descriptive-analytical method and library method (collection of data from valid interpretive, narrative, and ethical sources) have been used. The findings of the study show that negative and deterring emotions such as fear and despair can prevent a person from moving towards servitude, because they prevent the true knowledge of God and, consequently, the acts of worship. The relationship between these feelings and regression in the path of servitude is a synergistic one. Therefore, the root of some sins such as jealousy can be found in feelings that are abnormal and contrary to human nature.

Consistency is one of the ethical concepts in Islam and positive psychology, which is one of the 24 human abilities relating to the virtue of courage. Using a comparative analysis method, this paper seeks to study the concept of consistency, its pathology and differences, in Islam (Quran and tradition). Consistency in Islam is based on seven components including divine purpose, determination, certainty, religious obedience, continuing resistance, seriousness in practice, and patience, some of which are in common with positive psychology while the others are different. Doubt, hesitation and laziness are among the other obstacles in this process that is agreed upon by both schools.

The main goal of this study is "Pathology of Good Governance Elements (Responsiveness and Justice and Justice), to provide a solution to the Marine Enterprise Jihad." This research is descriptive, survey and survey and has been used by the most common methods. The statistical population of the study is 408, and according to the Morgan table, 200 people are considered as a statistical sample. Sampling was done in a clustered way and within the classes by simple random method. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity was confirmed by experts and factor analysis and validated by Cronbach's alpha (0.89). The findings of this research show that there are differences in the components of accountability, justice and fair between the status quo and the desired situation. Therefore, in order to reduce the gap between the current situation and the optimum condition of each component, the damage is identified and the solution is expressed.

The present research aims at studying the challenges of religious education of students and recommends solution to improve religious education of students.
In this inquiry, Qualitative research design was used and to gather data, " general interview guide approach" was used.
In this research, "The destructive impact of satellite channels"," inappropriate use of cyberspace", "economic problems and job worries of students"," advertising inefficiently", inconsistency between words and actions of parents"," teaching theology courses by less experienced teachers"," Lack of proper interaction between the university and the Seminary", inadequate activity of the religious institutions at the university "," low participation of students in religious topics "were identified as the obstacles and damages of religious education.
The author concluded that to improve the religious education, all obstacles must be examined. lack of attention to these obstacle causes serious damage to the country's culture .In fact, rising unemployment of university graduates is the most important educational injury. It has a negative effect on the student's motivation. On the other hand the global imperialism attempts to induce ineffectiveness of religion and religious education to student's .Hence it is necessary that the authorities provide youth employment by applying the principles of resistant economy and targeted selection of students.

During the recent decades in the Islamic countries, confronting with western human sciences resulted in generating a number of theories around adopting a pattern for transforming these sciences. Fundamentally, adopting an effective strategy against the interests of cultural colonialism and scientific dominance of western countries requires analysis of the injurious dimensions in current human sciences. In this regard, the supreme leader of the Islamic Revolution Ayatollah Sayyid Ali Khamenei in three recent decades has expressed considerable statements concerning human sciences that can be discovered and articulated those in the format of the cultural pathology approach. In this article, applying documentary research method and using the martyr Morteza Motahhari’s analytic-theoretical attitude regarding conceptual and theoretical relationship among human sciences, culture, and religion, researchers seek to regularize two main axes of that pathological approach, as follow: 1- human sciences as the arena of influence of world views and the west’s cultural invasion have been systematically regarded according to the relation of social system with human sciences. 2- The cultural-critical pattern against the western human sciences, which has requirements for cultural scientific orientation, has been exploited.

Pathology of religious epistemology-that is recognition of the problems damaging the religious conception and belief - is a newly established discussion, though some of its representations could be found among the works of ancient scholars. As a religious thinker and contemplating on Islamic resources, while Allameh Tabatabaie recognizes the problems in religious epistemology, he confronts with them and consequently, he has proposed various methods for correct conception of religion. Enumerating the most important problems in religious epistemology in two sections of principles and methods of understanding religion and emphasizing on this divine scientist􀀇s opinions, the present paper not only has analyzed the type of the problems and their damaging effects on religious epistemology but also has investigated his strategies to conflict with these damages. For him, the way of avoiding the problems such as relativism, eclecticism, innovation, superstition, lack of integrity, interpretation to opinions, and separating religion from social and individual life is the Holistic Definite Reason and its focus is on the Holy Quran.

In this article, the author poses the pathology of Ashura poetry and the role of relevant damages in the scopeof content:1. Highlighting "Atash" (Thirst) in the epic of Ashura2. Myth-making vs. exemplar-making3. Worshiping the infallibles4. Lauding and eulogizing, and neglecting the enemy-studies5. Expressing inability and imploration by Ahl al-Bayt (the HouseholdofProphet Mohammad)6. Excess and Negligence in expressing humbleness to Ahl al-BaytAfter pathology, the author criticizes the poem "raaz-e Rashid" by SeyyedHassan Hosseini.

Human societies always face challenges and problems and their thinkers, in every period, make great efforts to smooth out the social difficulties by recognizing and solving these problems. In the meantime, there are very few thinkers who are successful in recognizing and solving these problems, but martyr Sadr can be regarded as one of the thinkers who somehow contributed to recognizing and solving these challenges. Reviewing this prominent researcher's works, the present paper demonstrate that martyr Sadr regards external hegemony and internal stereotypy and eclecticism as three damages suffered by Islamic society in relation to its thought and tries to avert these damage by providing his fiqhi (jurisprudential) and theological innovations. He thinks that after recognizing the challenges of politics and society, they can be overcome through introducing fiqhi (jurisprudential) theorization believes that the political problems of Islamic society can be solved by relying on this theory, Islamic government, Islamic unity, and referring to righteous authorities during occultation period (ghaybah).

One of the important issues in Islamic mysticism is a wayfarer's need for a master to guide and help him/her during the spiritual journey. The tradition of Sufis is that a wayfarer should learn the manners of spiritual journey from a master and progresses on the path under his guidance. This issue raises the question of the relationship between the wayfarer and the master and the manners of devotee and object of devotion. It provides a proper context for the genesis of damages faced by a wayfarer on the path of mysticism and Sufism so that charlatans in cloisters deceive naïve individuals who want to purify their souls. Reviewing Quranic verses, traditions, mystical texts and Sufi's words, the present paper seeks to explain the necessity of having an eminent master in spiritual issues who has the responsibility of guiding and helping the wayfarer in his way towards acquiring the knowledge of the Truth. There are some damages in this regard, the most important of which is devotion to wrong-headed masters who take the wayfarer to go astray. It is necessary for a wayfarer to completely know the master to selected or followed to be safe from the risk of injury.

The present paper seeks to find out a conceptual model for conducting pathological studies about the status of mosque in Iran. This model is an outcome of interviewing 23 seminary and university professors and pundits and researchers in the field of mosque studies. Content analysis was used in analyzing the data of these interviews. The research finding is that the problems relating to mosque fall into three general categories: 1. Different cultural, social, political and economic domains; 2.Elements, organizations and institutions concerning mosque management; 3. Religious and cultural institutions and organizations parallel to mosque. These three categories include all the problems relating to mosque. According to the proposed model, most of damages, their causes, outcomes and modus operandi for preventing them are included in these categories.

Adolescence is a period of special importance in the formation of one's personality. The disorder in any personality components (rational, mental, emotional, moral, behavioral, etc) has a negative effect on all the existential dimensions of a person. Therefore, destructive relations between girls and boys are considered as an indicator of youth's personality disorder. The present research sheds light on the factors and personality components of the relations between boys and girls, according to the Quranic verses, the Fourteen Infallible's traditions, and psychological findings. This research is a qualitative survey in which a descriptive- analytical method is used. The research findings show that there is a direct relationship between personality and the proper and improper relation between boys and girls. In other words, one's personality has a crucial effect on one’s behavior, emotions, and reaction towards the opposite sex. Irrational behavior of boys and girls gradually effect the formation of their habits, ethics, and in brief, results in developing vulnerable personality.

A section of human-made sciences are called humanities nowadays which studies human through experimental methods. It is also called experimental anthropology and its subject is definite human not general and indefinite human. The existing humanities is a collection of systematic statements which explain and interpret the existing human's personal and social attitudes using experimental methods and non-experimental bases. It guides the existing human to the ideal and desirable human by ethical and legal recommendations. The perspective of humanities in various fields is based on epistemic relativism which does not result the discovery of human understanding. The real and true knowledge of humanities should be based on epistemic realism and should have a criterion for knowledge to be able to recognize the characteristics of an eminent person.

Divorce or ending the connection between wife and husband becomes valid by pronouncing especial words and it is different from such concepts as marriage break-up, declaration of husband's loss and desertion. In Islam giving the right of divorce to man is founded on the traditions which confirm the idea of entrusting to man financial responsibilities, and refer to natural and sexual differences between man and woman. There are two kinds of divorce: the first is not adherence to one’s promise including the promise to provide conventional facilities for life, satisfying sexual need, paying alimony and lack of understanding between spouses, and such thing like absence of mutual affections, hatred, indency, emotional in attention to religion, doing dishonest things, and addiction. Although Islam is extremely against divorce, it approves it and sometimes considers necessary when spouses do not adhere to their promise and do not do their duties and when the philosophy of marriage and some social institutions are in danger.

Dynamic ijtihad goes in two directions: rethinking of the existing methodologies and introducing new ones; but, experiences show that a dynamic system is vulnerable. That is why coming harms in the proceeding motion of ijtihad are, here, discussed. In rethinking, harms such as "stagnation", "inflation of principles", and that "studies are not professional and efficient" are paid attention to; and in introducing new methodologies, harms such as "absence of theorization", "eclecticism", "unkindness to other's valuable experiences" as well as "temporality" are discussed. In conclusion, results of the above discussions will be introduced.