جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "mental health" در نشریات گروه "فقه و حقوق"

Cyberspace, while having capabilities such as wide range and universality, has destructive content that threatens the children’s social and sexual mental health. Therefore, in order to protect children's mental health, it is necessary to perform pathology at the beginning and to adopt a proportional criminal policy to protect the possible victims. The purpose of this research is to study the harms of cyberspace in children and to adopt a suitable criminal policy to protect the children’s right to social and sexual mental health. The importance and necessity of this research is that these injuries cannot be prevented without identifying the harmful ways and if the victims are not protected against the harmful cyberspace, serious risks will treat their mental health.

The research is theoretical and its method is descriptive-analytical.

Due to the lack of effective criminalization, injured children are not given differential criminal protections. According to the results, social interactions of children who use cyberspace too much decrease and they suffer from social isolation, which increases the possibility of depression in them. With the development of new technologies, children are not immune and are exposed to destructive data, which causes abnormal and dangerous sexual behaviors in them. Victimized children need support from the family, the government, government agencies and Non-Governmental Organization to reduce the amount of damage that has been done to the victim.

In spite of various benefits in different fields, virtual space has unfortunately damaged real social relationships in some cases. Children have not been excluded from this development and since they spend more time online, their physical and mental health is naturally exposed to serious risks. Therefore, by providing solutions such as creating a platform for the healthy and controlled productivity of the cyberspace by families and relevant institutions, a lot of harm can be prevented. Educational institutions can support children by creating culture and providing necessary training. In Iran's legal system, as long as the criminal laws do not provide independent criminal regulations for children’s mental, social and sexual health, the right to health will not be supported by an effective and deterrent criminal law and the vulnerability of the victimized children will be doubled.

The child's right to mental health in cyberspace has become one of the most important legal issues in the field of international law. This right is very vital for the child and must be protected in cyber space as well. Considering that the virtual space is expanding and children, as digital natives, use it as an interactive and learning space, it is necessary to protect their rights against the dangers in this space. It is very important to pay attention to the physical and psychological harm that is caused by inappropriate and unpleasant content that causes online discrimination and harassment and the use of cyberspace without supervision and control for children. In international law, the protection of children's rights is recognized as a fundamental issue and in this regard, the Convention on the Rights of the Child, has defined the principles of protection of children's rights at the international level. In this context, this research aims to answer these questions: and what are the effects of virtual space in his life? From a legal point of view, what are the duties of governments in protecting the right to the health of children in cyberspace?

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of the type of research, which was collected and analyzed by using library resources and examining a wide range of documents and procedures and other research works.

General Comment No. 25, published on 2021, by the Committee on the Rights of the Child, addressed how governments apply the Convention on the Rights of the Child in the digital domain. The committee's purpose of this public commentary was to provide a strategy for legislation and policy making in the field of fulfilling the obligations of governments in the framework of the Convention on the Rights of the Child and its optional protocols in the light of the opportunities, risks and challenges of the digital environment.

One of the main components of the right to health is the right to mental health, which is one of the most important examples of children's rights and various factors are effective in threatening or realizing this right of children and cyber space is one of them. The right to health, the right to education, the right to personal security and the right to recreation and entertainment are the rights associated with the growth and excellence of children, which are strongly related to the digital environment in the age of digitalism.

One of the rights of children that has been emphasized in international documents, domestic laws, and sacred Islamic texts is mental health. This right should also be ensured in the virtual space, and it is necessary for different legal systems to take measures to guarantee the mental health rights of children in the virtual space. However, it seems that this right has been neglected in many countries. This research aims to address the question of what rights children have in the virtual space to ensure their mental health, according to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, domestic laws, and Islamic teachings. Using a descriptive-analytical method and an approach based on the teachings of Islam, this study examines the rights of children in terms of education, play, access to appropriate content, and privacy in the virtual space.

According to the definitive proofs of Sharīʿa, one of the absolute rights of men is the right to enjoyment. Sometimes this right happens to conflict with the wife’s physical privacy and her mental-psychological health. A fair way out of this conflict will lead to greater empathy between men and women and the consolidation of the family foundation and, finally, the cohesion of the society. Many works have dealt with the conflict between the rights of couples. In this article, an attempt has been made using  descriptive-analytical method, to explain how a man's right to enjoyment conflicts with a woman's right to physical and mental health. The article offers ways to get out of this conflict in the form of solutions such as "good behavior", "gaining emotional and physical satisfaction of a woman", "reciprocity” and “interaction", "reconciliation" and finally "appeal to legal courts". It seems that while there is a consensus regarding the right of a man to seek pleasure, this right is not absolute and a man cannot use it as a tool for violence, but the interaction between men and women, whether in the sexual field or in other areas, should be based on amicability and good behavior as emphasized in the divine word.

The second generation of human rights is rooted in the human needs and ascendency, and is called positive rights or equal rights. This category of rights explains the musts in the behavior of the government towards the citizens. The musts that lead to providing the equality of citizens in enjoying the minimum requirement for living based on dignity. It should be noted that the of right on health is placed in the second generation of human rights, that is, welfare rights, and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights has addressed this right in Article 12. Meanwhile, mental health as one of the most important aspects of health has been given attention to a certain extent along with physical health in general and has been reflected in various international human rights documents.  Mental health is an integral and fundamental part of the health of every individual. In return, it is obvious that by recognizing any right, including the right to mental health, as a human right, duties will be envisaged as well. Governments, as the most important actors in the international arena, are obliged to take steps to ensure and respect human rights both at domestic and international levels. In the international context, the right to mental health has been taken into consideration in the framework of United Nations actions, the actions of the International Committee of the Red Cross, the actions and documents of the European Union, the World Health Organization and in the framework of international labor documents. The main emphasis of international documents is on the right to mental health in the framework of armed conflicts and in the context of protecting vulnerable groups, including children and women.By comparing the citizenship rights charter and international documents, it should be said that in the charter of citizenship rights, there are also statements about the rights to life, health, and quality of life, and prohibition of torture, which are of the predisposing factors of mental health. The government is obligated to take necessary measures in this regard. However, in the Charter, no article is found that is exclusively dedicated to the right to mental health. In this descriptive-analytical research, we will try to examine the right to mental health by carrying out a comparative study of citizenship rights charter and the international human rights system, and also examine the guarantees and provisions of international law regarding the issue of mental health in Iranian law.

Due to the special circumstances of the hospital environment and the constant communication of nurses with patients, the mental health of nurses, especially female nurses, has a deterrent role in the occurrence of dysfunctional behaviors. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence (SQ) and mental health of female nurses in Mazandaran's hospitals, examining the correlation between these two variables, and showing its effects on balancing some adversities and stressful behaviors. The research approach is descriptive and correlational and is conducted by field method using standard questionnaires of King and Dico spiritual intelligence and Goldberg and Hiller mental health questionnaire with a sample size of 250 people through available sampling. The collected data are analyzed by mean tests and structural equation modeling, using SPSS and LISREL software. In this study, spiritual intelligence is used as an independent variable with four indicators of critical thinking, meaning production, awareness, and development of consciousness and mental health is used as a dependent variable with four indicators of physical symptoms, anxiety symptoms, social functioning, and depressive symptoms. Research findings show a positive correlation between spiritual intelligence and mental health of nurses.

In recent years, increasing numbers of researchers have been studying the role and functions of religious education and religious orientations in strengthening students' psychological dimensions and have tried to study the relationship between religious orientation and ethical concepts in different layers of society. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between religious orientation and mental health of high school students. So, as a descriptive-survey study, 248 female and high school students were selected as a sample group using multistage cluster sampling. The data were collected using Allport’s Religious Orientation Scale (ROS), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ). In addition to descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient and t test were used for data analysis. The results of this study showed that there is a direct relationship between religion or religious beliefs and mental health. The findings have also revealed that the more internal religious orientation will lead to the higher the mental health. This is while the greater the orientation of the individual in the field of religious externality will be resulted in the greater the feeling of fatigue and physical symptoms.

One of the most important legal issues debated among the jurists is whether it is necessary or unnecessary to investigate the justice of the anonymous and to what extent. The renowned majority of the jurists maintain that if the anonymous individual performs an action which is to be subject to justice, it is necessary to investigate about his justice, but they disagree on the extent [of investigation]. Some jurists have also said that investigation about a Muslim's justice is not considered a sin qua non. In this article, first the above viewpoints are examined, and then, given the result of the distinction between mediative and topical notion of justice, the writer presents a criterion for the degree of investigation about justice in different cases.