جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « زنان » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of primary maladaptive schemas, social support and perceived gender discrimination in predicting suicidal tendency in women with self-immolation experience. This research was descriptive and correlational. The statistical population of this research included all married women aged 18 to 55 years with a history of self-immolation who referred to health centers in the city of Dohdasht in the second half of 2021, and 160 people were selected by purposive sampling. The research tools included Beck's Suicidal Thoughts Questionnaire (1961), Young Schema Short Form Questionnaire (1988), Zimmet et al.'s Perceived Social Support Questionnaire (1988), and Klonoff and Landrin's Gender Discrimination Events Questionnaire (1995). The data were analyzed using Piron's correlation and multiple regression simultaneously. The results showed that there is a positive and significant relationship between initial maladaptive schemas, perceived gender discrimination and suicidal tendencies, and a negative and significant relationship between social support and suicidal tendencies (p<0.01). Also, the results have shown that initial maladaptive schemas, social support, and perceived gender discrimination predict 0.59 suicide tendency in women with self-immolation experience.

The present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of integrated behavioral couple therapy and Gutman couple therapy on the marital frustration of women with spouses involved in addiction. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a one-month follow-up period. The statistical population of the research included all women with addicted husbands who were referred to Ahvaz welfare in 2022. Finally, using targeted sampling, 45 people qualified to enter the research, were selected and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The data collection tool was the Marital Frustration Scale (CBM, Pines, 1996). Combined behavioral couple therapy and Gutman couple therapy interventions were performed on the experimental groups in the form of 10 sessions of 90 minutes in a group and weekly manner. Data were analyzed using variance with repeated measures. Found showed that combined behavioral couple therapy and Gutman couple therapy reduced marital frustration compared to the control group (p<0.001) and this effect continued in the follow-up phase. Also, there was no statistically significant difference in the effectiveness of combined behavioral couple therapy and Guttman couple therapy on marital frustration (P<0.001). Based on this, the use of both treatment approaches will be effective in improving the marital frustration of women with a spouse involved in addiction.

This study aimed to predict marital satisfaction based on conscientiousness, marital empathy, and marital forgiveness in married women. This research was basic, and regarding the procedure, it was a descriptive-correlation study. The statistical population of the present study was all the married women of Lorestan province in the spring of 2023, from whom 840 people were selected as a sample by available sampling. Research tools included: Enrich Marital Satisfaction Scale (EMS, Olson et al., 1987), NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI, Costa & McCrae, 1992), Marital Empathy Scale (MES, Jolliffe & Farrington, 2006), and Marital Offence-Specific Forgiveness Scale (MOFS, Paleari et al., 2009). Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression. The research results showed that there is a significant correlation between marital satisfaction with conscientiousness, marital empathy, and marital forgiveness (p<0.01). Additionally, the regression analysis outcomes indicated that 38.1% of the variance in marital satisfaction can be explained by predictor variables, wherein forgiveness emerges as the strongest predictor variable, followed by empathy and then conscientiousness (p<0.001). It can be concluded that conscientiousness, marital empathy, and marital forgiveness play a key role in women's marital satisfaction, and it is necessary to pay attention to these factors in interaction with each other in intervention programs designed to increase women's marital satisfaction.

The purpose of this article was to "study and identify gender schemas from the perspective of women working in the executive organs of Mashhad".

This was a qualitative research with a thematic analysis approach. The statistical population of this study was all women working in the executive organs of Mashhad. The sample size was 20 women who were selected by saturated or judgmental (targeted) sampling. Data collection tools included: library study method (using filing tool) and field study (using interview tool).

The findings showed that people-oriented, emotional and supportive themes were three feminine gender characteristics and authoritative, self-centered and manager themes were three masculine gender characteristics. Women's employment altered their gender role schemas and they described their gender characteristics as a combination of feminine and masculine schemas.

According to the research findings, it can be concluded that employment can affect gender role schemas. Therefore, it is suggested that politicians take into account psychological considerations and take the necessary solutions for the empowerment and employment of women.

The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of compassion-focused therapy in addressing the psychological and marital issues of women who have a veteran spouse. The research was conducted using an exploratory mixed-methodsapproach and encompassed both qualitative and quantitative phases. In 2020, the statistical population of the survey encompassed all women with veteran spouses residing in the 13th and 14th districts of Tehran. In the qualitative stage, purposive sampling was employed to select and interview 19 women with veteran spouses who were referred to the District 13 Municipal Health Center. The data was analyzed using thematic analysis. The identification of seven themes (anxiety, depression, fatigue and disability, irritability and aggression, loneliness, life dissatisfaction, and marital conflict) was the result of this analysis in the psychological-marital dimensions. Based on these components, a questionnaire was developed to assess the psychological and marital issues of women who have a veteran spouse. The data analysis in the experimental section was performed using the Bonferroni post hoc test and repeated measures analysis of variance in SPSS software version 22. The findings indicated that women who have spouses who are veterans encounter challenges in the areas of psychological, marital, physical, social, and economic well-being.Desirable psychometric properties were observed in the psychological-marital issues of women who completed a veteran spouse questionnaire. Also, compassion-focused therapy was effective in all psychological-marital aspects of the issues faced by women with a veteran spouse, resulting in a decrease in problematic behaviors. In the future, clinicians and researchers can investigate and mitigate the psychological-marital issues of women with a veteran spouse during counseling and psychotherapy sessions by implementing the combined study method, developing tools, and choosing the most suitable treatment.

The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of group schema therapy on emotional commitment and sexual self-efficacy in women with emotional divorce. The method of this research was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and with a control group and a 3-month follow-up period. The statistical population included women with emotional divorce who were referred to the psychological clinic of Rasht City in 2023, among whom 30 qualified volunteers were selected by purposive sampling and randomly placed in two groups of 15 people. Both groups completed emotional commitment questionnaires (ECQ) by Epstein & et al (1983) and sexual self-efficacy (SSEQ) by Vaziri & Lotfi Kashani (2013). The experimental group underwent the group schema therapy program for 10 sessions (60 minutes each session). The data were analyzed using the method of analysis of variance with repeated measurements and Bonferroni's post hoc test. The results showed that group schema therapy intervention significantly increased emotional commitment and sexual self-efficacy in the experimental group (P<0.001) and this result was sustained until the follow-up stage. Therefore, using schema therapy content and instructions will be effective in increasing the emotional commitment and sexual self-efficacy of women with emotional divorce.

This research was conducted to model marital agreement based on the initial Maladaptive schemas with the mediation of marriage styles in women. The descriptive-correlational research method was structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the present study was made up of married women in the first quarter of 2022, in districts 2, 7, and 11 of Tehran, from which 300 people were selected as the sample of the study using targeted sampling. In this research, marital agreement instruments )RDAS( (Busby et al., 1995), Yang's schema (YSQ-SF) (Young, 1994), and researcher-made questionnaires of marriage styles were used. To analyze the data, structural equation modeling was used. The findings of the research showed that the model is a good fit. The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between the domains of primary maladaptive schemas and marital agreement (P<0.01). Also, marriage styles can mediate the relationship between initially incompatible schemas and marital agreement (P<0.01). According to these findings, it can be concluded that since marriage is considered one of the most important decisions in life, it is possible to focus on the initial Maladaptive schemas and pre-marriage education on marital agreement and improve marriage styles. And the continuation of the relationship between the couple increased the quality of the couple's relationship.

The present research aimed to compare the effectiveness of counseling based on Glasser's Choice Theory and Frankl's logotherapy on the life satisfaction of women facing divorce. The present research method was the type of quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design and a control group. The statistical population of this research included women facing divorce who were referred to the family court, dispute resolution council, and family counseling centers in Tabriz in 2022. The purposive sampling method selected 60 qualified volunteers of this population and randomly assigned them into two experimental and a control group (20 people in each group). A research questionnaire was the Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) (Diener et al, 1985). The analysis method of this research was the analysis of covariance and Bonferroni's test. The findings showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there was a significant difference at level 0/05, between the average score of life satisfaction in two experimental and control groups; but no significant difference was demonstrated between the two interventions in this variable. Therefore, reality therapy and logotherapy have been effective in increasing the life satisfaction of women facing divorce, and counselors and therapists may use this treatment to improve the aforementioned variable in women facing divorce.

Obesity is a health, medical and psychological issue that has many economic, social and personal consequences. This research was conducted with the aim of constructing and investigating the validity, reliability and confirmatory factor analysis of the Scale of Information, Motivation and Behavioral skills in women with a body mass index above 25 in the city of Isfahan.This correlational research is of the validation type and the statistical population of the research included women with a body mass index higher than 25 who had visited diet therapy centers, health centers and sports clubs in Isfahan city in 2014-2016.And for the sample size of the present study, 444 women with a body mass index higher than 25 were selected, and the cluster sampling method was used.A researcher-made scale of information, motivation, and behavioral skills was used to collect data.In order to check content validity, experts were consulted, and to measure construct validity and reliability of the scale, confirmatory factor analysis method was used using Amos and SPSS software.In terms of the relative index of content validity, the scale was 0.62 and the content validity index was above 0.70, and the construct validity aspect was also approved by the experts, the fit indices related to the four confirmatory factor analysis models for the four subscales were at a favorable level.The composite reliability of the information, motivation, behavioral skill and health behavior subscales was (CRI=0.89, 0.87, 0.91 and 0.87 ) respectively. Therefore, this scale can be used in research, clinical and therapeutic situations.

The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of compassion-focused therapy in reducing high-risk behaviors and self-injurious behaviors in women with a history of substance abuse. The statistical population comprised women with a history of drug abuse who had sought treatment at addiction treatment centers in Mashhad. A total of 30 women were selected using the convenience sampling method and subsequently replaced in the experimental and control groups. Research instruments included the Iranian Adolescents Risk-Taking Scale (IARS) and the Inventory of Statements About Self-injury (ISAS). Data were analyzed using multivariate covariance. The results showed that compassion-focused treatment had a significant effect on reducing risky behaviors and self-injurious behaviors (P<0.05). Compassion-focused treatment appears to be effective in reducing high-risk and harmful behaviours in women with a history of substance abuse. It is suggested that therapists and counsellors make use of this intervention.

The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of mutual behavior analysis and narrative therapy on interpersonal forgiveness of women affected by marital contract breaking. The present research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a follow-up of 2 months. The statistical population of the present study was made up of all the women affected by the breach of marital contract from their husbands who were referred to the counseling centers located in the 4th district of Tehran in 2022. 45 people were selected purposefully and randomly assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. The instrument of this research was Ehteshamzadeh et al's Interpersonal Forgiveness Inventory (IFI, 2011), Berne's transactional analysis intervention (1958), and White and Epston's (1990) narrative therapy protocol was implemented in 8 sessions of 120 minutes twice a week for the first and second experimental groups. The data were analyzed using mixed analysis of variance. The results of repeated variance analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the groups in the post-test and follow-up of interpersonal forgiveness (P<0.05), the treatment of mutual behavior analysis was significantly more effective than the spouses' interpersonal forgiveness compared to narrative therapy (P<0/05) and both treatments had lasting effects in the follow-up period (P<0.05). Therefore, there is a significant difference between the two treatments of mutual behavior analysis and narrative therapy, and behavior analysis treatment was more effective.

The present study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of compassion-based therapy on psychological well-being and quality of life in women with substance abuse spouses. The present study was a semi-experimental study with pre-test and post-test and a control group. The statistical population of the present study included all women with addicted spouses who were referred to addiction treatment centers in Tehran in 1400 Among them, 30 people (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people in the control group) were selected by the available sampling method and randomly in two The experimental and control groups were placed. To collect data, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale (SF-36, World Health Organization, 1996) and Ryff's psychological well-being Scale)RSPWB-SF, Ryff, 1989) were used. Multivariate covariance analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings showed that by controlling the effect of the pre-test, there is a significant difference between the average psychological well-being and the quality of life of women with drug-abusing husbands in the two experimental and control groups at the level of 0.05. Compassion-based therapy training can be a useful tool in improving psychological well-being and quality of life in women with drug-abusing spouses.

The present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of transdiagnostic treatment on pain self-efficacy and clinical symptoms in women with migraine. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design and a control group with a two-month follow-up. The statistical population of the study included all women with migraine who were referred to the headache clinic of Shahrekord Hospital in 2022, from which 30 people were selected using the purposeful sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups (15 people in the experimental group and 15 people were placed in the control group). Measurement tools included Nicholas's Pain Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (PSEQ, 1990) and Derogatis & Melisaratos's Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI, 1983). The experimental group was subjected to an intervention based on Barlow et al's met diagnostic therapy (2011) during eight 90-minute sessions and once a week. Analysis of variance with repeated measurements was used to analyze the data. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the groups in the post-test and follow-up of pain self-efficacy and clinical symptoms (P<0.05), and the extra diagnostic treatment had a lasting effect in the follow-up period (P<0.05). As a result, transdiagnostic treatment can be used as an effective treatment to increase pain self-efficacy and reduce the clinical symptoms of women with migraine.

The covid-19 disease has caused death shock all over the world. The consequences of the Covid-19 pandemic can lead to complex and long-term bereavement in a large number of people. In previous studies, the lived experience of bereavement in the context of the family has been less studied; especially regarding the identification of factors related to bereavement in the bereavement in covid-19 mourners, there is a research gap.

The present study was conducted with the aim of identifying the factors related to bereavement in the mourners of Covid-19.

This study was conducted with a qualitative approach and using the phenomenological method. The statistical population of the research included all women living in Tehran who had lost one of their first-degree relatives (including sisters, brothers, parents or spouses) due to the disease of Covid-19. During this study, using purposeful sampling, 25 women were subjected to semi-structured in-depth interviews from May 2021 to October 2022. The conducted interviews were also analyzed in six stages using the thematic analysis method of Brown and Clark (2006).

The data analysis of this research led to the identification of 236 primary codes, 22 secondary themes, 22 main themes and 6 Canopy themes (Incomplete bereavement, coping strategies, multifaceted grief, attachment style, identity change and the meaning of death).

The results obtained from the present study showed that the factors related to bereavement in covid-19 mourners are different from normal bereavements, Therefore, it is suggested that psychologists specializing in bereavement use the themes identified in the present study to develop treatment protocols related to the treatment of bereavement in women

The aim of the current study is to examine the role of spiritual-religious health in reducing stress and enhancing spiritual and psychological health among Iranian women during the COVID-19 pandemic. 

Methods and Materials: 

This descriptive research included a sample of 384 Iranian women. After providing their consent, participants completed the research questionnaires on Google Forms, which included George's Religious Health Questionnaire, the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), and the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28). 

The research results, analyzed using AMOS24 software, indicate a relationship between the level of spiritual-religious health and religious beliefs and stress in women during the COVID-19 pandemic. This was confirmed due to the significance level being less than (P<0.05), and the use of spiritual-religious beliefs could explain and predict 40.3% of the stress in women. Additionally, the use of spiritual-religious health tools and religious beliefs and general psychological health in women was confirmed due to the significance level (P<0.05). The use of religious beliefs also explained and predicted 35.5% of the variance in women's general health during the COVID-19 pandemic. 

The COVID-19 pandemic threatens the lives of millions of people worldwide. Religious beliefs have had a significant impact on reducing stress and anxiety and increasing general psychological health in Iranian women. The study results place a heavy responsibility on specialists in this field, especially in the Muslim country of Iran, to promote spiritual-religious aspects and change the lifestyle of women to make significant strides in women's health.

After breaking the glass ceiling and being placed in leadership positions, women face a phenomenon called the glass cliff, which is caused by the intersection of structural and psychological-social factors. This phenomenon causes a shaky and insecure management for them.  The aim of this research was to identify the factors, components and indicators of women's job tenure at managerial levels and accordingly to present a conceptual model.

The statistical population of the research included all those who were experts in the field of management and women, and using targeted and information-oriented sampling method, 12 people were selected as participants. In this research, in order to identify the factors of women's job tenure in managerial levels, in addition to document study and research background, fuzzy Delphi technique has been used to refine the factors and indicators. The survey was conducted in three stages and the results of each stage were refined using triangular fuzzy formulas.

The results showed that the most important factors of women's job tenure at managerial levels are: evaluating and monitoring the performance of managers regardless of gender, equality in the distribution of rewards and results, access to information resources of the organization, delegation of power to women, equal commitment of men and women. Relative to the family and the ability to respond to job demands. The career stability model of female managers was designed with 9 factors and 27 indicators in three structural-organizational, behavioral-psychological, and cultural-social dimensions, which is presented as a proposed model for women's career stability at managerial levels. In this way, while analyzing the current situation, organizations can present the necessary plans and measures for systematization and continuous movement within the framework of gender equality, organizational structure in order to improve organizational communication, the development of women's individual capabilities, and gender equality 

In general, the results of this research showed that the job tenure of female managers is made up of interwoven factors, which seems that reducing the focus on gender can be a compatible ideology in line with the job tenure of women in management levels.

Measuring variables related to mental health is a complex matter, especially in the context of cultural differences. The main purpose of this study was to construct and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persistent Depression Vulnerability Scale in women. This study was a validation method and the statistical population included married women aged 21-50 years in Tabriz in 2021. From this population, a sample of 380 people was selected by purposive sampling method and answered on a scale of psychosocial vulnerability to persistent depression,which it was based on a three-factor model based on the underlying theory of qualitative research and scale Depression Beck.The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the three-factor model for the above questionnaire and considering the sum of the calculated fit indices, the suitability of the factor model was confirmed. The reliability of the questionnaire by Cronbach's alpha method for the component of undesirable individual and interpersonal action was 0.928, the component of the history of traumatic psychological experiences was 0.82, the component of dealing with non-psychological problems was 0.69 and for the whole scale was 0.94. It was found that the reliability of the questionnaire is desirable. The convergence validity of the questionnaire was also desirable.Based on the results, this scale has sufficient reliability and validity to assess vulnerability to persistent depression in Iranian women.