جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « طرح واره های ناسازگار اولیه » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effect of initial incompatible schemas on the criteria of choosing a spouse in single men at the age of 20-35 (marriage age). In terms of method, the present research is a correlational descriptive research. The statistical population includes unmarried men aged 20-35 (marriage age) of Melair city in 1400, from which 200 people were selected as a sample by random cluster sampling. The research tools included Yang's primary schema questionnaire (1999) and Schwartz and Hassibrook's (2012) spouse selection criteria questionnaire. Data were analyzed by Pearson correlation coefficient and simultaneous regression analysis. The findings indicate that initial incompatible schemas have a negative effect on the criteria for choosing a spouse. According to the results of the research, with the reduction of initial incompatible schemas, the quality of mate selection criteria increases

The purpose of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of functional psychoanalytic treatment on attachment styles and primary maladaptive schemas in women affected by marital infidelity. The research method was semi-experimental with a pre-test-post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of this research included all women affected by marital infidelity who were referred to the counseling centers of District 5 of Tehran in 2021. Based on this, 30 women were selected by random sampling and 15 were randomly assigned to the experimental group and 15 to the control group. The data collection tools in this research were the Hazan & Shaver Adult Attachment Style Questionnaire (AASQ, 1987) and Young's Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-SF, 1998). the functional analytical psychotherapy protocol in 12 sessions of 90 minutes, twice a week A group was conducted for the experimental group. To analyze the data, the multivariate covariance test (MANCOVA) was used. The research findings showed that the pre-test effect between the post-test mean in attachment styles and initial maladaptive schemas was controlled. There was a significant difference at 0.05 in the two experimental and control groups. As a result, functional psychoanalytic therapy can be effective as an effective intervention for women affected by marital infidelity.

This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of two therapeutic approaches, schema therapy and mindfulness, on early maladaptive schemas in students.

This quasi-experimental study utilized a pretest-posttest control group design. The statistical population consisted of second-grade high school students in Tehran, from which 45 students were selected through convenience sampling and randomly assigned to two experimental groups (15 students each) and a control group (15 students). The experimental groups participated in either schema therapy (8 sessions of 120 minutes each over 8 weeks) or mindfulness therapy (7 sessions of 90 minutes each over 7 weeks). The research instrument used was the Young Schema Questionnaire (1998), administered in both the pretest and posttest phases.

Analysis of covariance revealed that both therapeutic approaches led to a significant reduction in early maladaptive schemas compared to the control group. However, schema therapy was found to be more effective than mindfulness in improving these schemas, particularly in components such as emotional deprivation, abandonment, mistrust, social isolation, and defectiveness/shame.

Based on the findings, it can be concluded that schema therapy, with its deeper focus on the cognitive and emotional roots of schemas, is more effective than mindfulness in improving and modifying early maladaptive schemas. Schema therapy can be considered a valuable approach for treating psychological disorders associated with early maladaptive schemas.

Early maladaptive schemas are persistent cognitive patterns that are associated with a number of psychological problems. Research shows that these schemas can be associated with relationship problems between couples. The aim of this study was meta-analyze the researches in the field of early maladaptive schemas on the relationship between couples. A total of 47 initial researches were selected based on entry criteria from articles and dissertations in the country. The summary effect sizes of the random model by separating positive and negative indicators in the relationships between couples were obtained -0.115 and 0.214. Due to the high amount of heterogeneity, the effect sizes were analyzed separately for different schemas. In negative indicators, respectively, the largest effect sizes were seen in negativity/ pessimism, impaired Limits and general variables of early maladaptive schemas and in positive indicators, the largest effect size with general variable of early maladaptive schemas, subjugation and abandonment / instability. The largest effect size was observed on overall intimacy between couples and emotional divorce. The implications of this meta-analysis emphasize the average effects of early maladaptive schemas on various indicators in the relationship between couples.

This study aimed to examine the mediating role of psychological flexibility in the relationship between maladaptive schemas and psychological distress. The research design employed in this study was descriptive-correlational, utilizing structural equation modeling. The population of this study included all undergraduate students of Poldokhtar Higher Education Center during 2020-2021. The size of the statistical sample according to Klein's rule of thumb equals 230 people, which was done by an available sampling method and an online questionnaire. The Young Schema Questionnaire, the Cognitive Flexibility Inventory by Dennis and Vanderwal, and the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale were used to collect the data. The data was analyzed using structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping was employed to examine the mediating role of variables. The results indicated that maladaptive schemas have a direct significant effect on psychological distress (P < 0.01) and an indirect effect through psychological flexibility (P < 0.01). Based on the results, the research model demonstrated a good fit. By reducing maladaptive schemas, students can enhance their psychological flexibility, which may lead to overcoming academic issues and reducing psychological distress.

The emotional and behavioral effects of disclosing infidelity on each of the couples involved are extremely destructive. This often leads to acute stress disorder, which is the primary and most significant response to such a situation. In this context, schemas, acting as a framework for information processing, can be effective in managing acute stress by bringing about profound changes in attitudes towards oneself, others, and the world. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of maladaptive schemas on acute stress disorder resulting from spousal infidelity.

The research method used was descriptive-correlational. The study's statistical population comprised couples engaged in marital infidelity who sought assistance from courts and family counseling centers in Tehran and Saveh cities between 2020 and 2021. A sample of 172 individuals was selected using the purposeful sampling method. Data collection tools included the Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire (Cardena et al., 2000) and the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (1998). The data were analyzed using SPSS24 software, which employed descriptive indicators such as frequency, frequency percentage, mean, standard deviation, skewness, and kurtosis. Statistical tests including Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis were also conducted.

The study findings revealed a significant positive relationship (p<0.01) between acute stress reactions to a spouse's infidelity and early maladaptive schemas, including disconnection and rejection (r=0.40), impaired autonomy and performance (r=0.34), other-directedness (r=0.29), overvigilance and inhibition (r=0.44), and impaired limits (r=0.25). Various types of acute stress reactions, including dissociative symptoms, re-experiencing, avoidance, hyperarousal, and functional disorder, were found to have a significant positive relationship with early maladaptive schemas and their domains (p<0.05). The domains of early maladaptive schemas accounted for 33% of the total variance in acute stress disorder (p<0.01).

The research results indicate that maladaptive schemas formed as a result of spousal infidelity serve as the foundation for the development of acute stress disorder following the revelation of the infidelity.

Academic procrastination is a way to escape from living in the present and to postpone what we have decided to do to the future. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of schema therapy on rumination and academic procrastination of Yasouj University students. The design of this study was a quasi-experimental pretest, post-test with a control group. The statistical population included all undergraduate students of Yasouj University. Thus, among the undergraduate students of Yasouj University, students who wished to participate in the project were registered and then they were asked to complete the consent form in the research. Out of 72 volunteers, 60 student were registered and assigned to two experimental and control groups. They completed the Nalin Hooksma and Murrow rumination Questionnaires and the Lee procrastination Scale. The subjects in the experimental group were trained in schema therapy for 8 sessions and the control group did not receive any training. Then both groups were re-evaluated by post-test. One month later, post-test was followed up from both groups. After the pre-test, data analysis was performed using ANKOA analysis method. The results showed that the post-test scores of procrastination were significantly different between the two groups; this means that the procrastination of the experimental group has decreased after training in schema areas. According to the results of the present study, it can be concluded that schema therapy has positively and significantly treated rumination and academic procrastination.

Marriage is one of the most important factors of mental health in society. The purpose of the present study was to predict the marital satisfaction of adolescents based on resilience and emotion regulation with the mediating role of early maladaptive schemas.

The method of the current research was applied, descriptive and correlational (structural equations type). The statistical population of the present study was made up of all married women who referred to the counseling centers of the Family Foundation Consolidation with an Islamic lifestyle approach in Tehran in 2021. By calculating the overestimation due to predicting the dropout of the subjects, the final sample size was 401 people, which according to the extent of the studied population, a non-random and available method was used. Olson's ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Scale (1989), Young & Brown's Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (1990), Garnefski et al.'s Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (2002), and Connor & Davidson's Conner-Davidson Resilience Scale (2003) were used to collect data. Then the resulting data were analyzed using path analysis method by AMOS-18 software.

The results indicated that resilience was able to predict marital satisfaction indirectly through schemas of impaired limitations 0.04, other-directedness 0.03 and alertness and inhibition 0.03. Also, compromised emotion regulation 0.35 and uncompromised emotion regulation -0.37, both directly and indirectly and through the schemas of impaired limitations -0.34, other-directedness 0.53, and alertness and inhibition 0.65 were able to predict marital satisfaction (p<0.001).

Therefore, the variables of resilience, emotion regulation and early maladaptive schemas can play an important role in marital satisfaction and the need to pay attention to these important variables in divorce prevention programs should be considered.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between early maladaptive schemas with cyberchondria with the mediating role of emotion regulation in students. The research method is correlational. The study sample was 337 people who were selected by available method as an online call in the academic year 2020-2021. from among the students of the Islamic Azad University of Tabriz. To collect data, Young's (2007) Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire, the Cybercondria Questionnaire (Fergus, 2014) and the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Strategies Questionnaire (Grenfsky et al. 2001) were used. The collected data were analyzed using structural equation tests with Amos software and SPSS 23. Results showed that there is a negative relationship between early maladaptive schemas and positive emotion strategies and a positive relationship with negative emotion strategies. There is a negative relationship between positive emotion strategies and cyperchondria and a positive relationship between negative emotion strategies and cyperchondria. There is no direct relationship between early maladaptive schemas and cyperchondria. There is an indirect relationship between early maladaptive schemas with cyberchondria and the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation. Finally, the results showed that the variables of primary maladaptive schemas and cognitive regulatory strategies of positive and negative emotions are able to explain 34.4% of the variance of Cypkendria mental illness.

Few studies have examined integrative models in the context of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease. In this context, the aim of the present study was the preliminary evaluation of the transdiagnostic educational package based on the schema therapy model, self-compassion model, and emotion regulation model in cardiac health-related behaviors. 

3 people were selected in a single-case pilot study and received an intervention package based on the research model during 15 sessions. Participants responded to the cardiac health behavior scale (Song et al., 2018), Self-Compassion Questionnaire (Neff, 2003), Young's Early Maladaptive Schemas Questionnaire (YSQ-S3), and Emotion Regulation Scale (Gross and John, 2003). The data were analyzed by visual analysis of graphs analysis, indicators of recovery percentage, reduction percentage, and Cohen's effect size.

The findings showed that the recovery percentage of the first, second, and third participants in the reappraisal respectively was 40, 38, and 43 percent, suppression was 46, 46, and 45 percent, self-compassion was 41, 34, and 41 percent and cardiac health-related behaviors were 32, 33 and 35 percent.

also, the reduction percentage of the first, second, and third participants in reappraisal respectively was 67, 62, and 76 percent, suppression was 32, 32, and 31 percent, self-compassion was 68, 51, and 69 percent, and cardiac health-related behaviors were 47, 50 and 54 percent.The effect size of the reappraisal for the first, second, and third participants was -0.91, -0.79 and -0.80 respectively, suppression was 0.83, 0.91, and 0.93, self-compassion was -0.78, -0.86 and -0.90 and cardiac health related-behaviors were -0.83, -0.75 and -0.87.

According to the findings supporting the proposed model, the transdiagnostic educational package based on schema therapy, emotion regulation, and self-compassion model can be used to improve cardiac health-related behaviors.

The relationship between early maladaptive schemas with marital adjustment and quality of life.

Practical studies and the manner of performing the correlation. The population consisted of married teachers (male and female) Tehran area was second with 120 randomly selected standard questionnaires completed the study. Data were collected by questionnaire schemas Yang (short form), marital Aspnyr (1976) and WHO quality of life.

The results showed that, maladaptive schemas teachers (married) compatible with the scale of their marital relationship. Maladaptive schemas associated with the scale of teachers' quality of life. Maladaptive schemas are significantly different in men and women. Its scale, quality of life and significant differences in men and women. Adapt and scale of it is significantly different in men and women.

early maladaptive schemas and marital adjustment and quality of life related to and compare the results with similar studies, the convergence of some of the results showed.

The aim of this study was to investigate the structural relationships between early maladaptive schemas and resilience with lovemaking styles (Storge and Mania) with the role of mediating the role of Psychological flexibility. The analysis method in this study was structural equation modeling. The study community included all Secondary school teachers in Rudsar city in the first half of 2021, that among them 307 teachers selected as samples by available sampling In order to collect data. Research questionnaires included Young Schema Questionnaire (Second Edition 2005) love Questionnaire (LAS), Connor-Davidson Resilience Questionnaire (CD-RIS) and Acceptance and Action Questionnaire, Second Edition (AAQ-II) were used. Data analysis was performed by structural equation modeling using SPSS-21 and Amos-21 software. The results showed that psychological flexibility mediates the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and Storge love style in a negative way and the relationship between early maladaptive schemas and mania lovemaking style in a positive and meaningful way. Psychological flexibility also mediates the relationship between resilience and Storge lovemaking style in a positive way and the relationship between resilience and mania lovemaking style in a negative and meaningful way.

The aim of the present study was to determining the difference in the difficulty of emotion regulation, early maladaptive schemas and body image concerns in girls with and without overweight. The research method was comparative. The statistical population of single girls aged 18 to 25 were members of social networks in Tehran in 2021. The research tool was distributed among 485 people. 202 people were selected by purposeful sampling based on body mass index. The research tools included Gratz and Roemer's Difficulty in Emotion Regulation Scale, Young's Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire, and Littleton's Body Image Concern Inventory. The data was analyzed by covariance analysis. The results showed that the average difficulty in emotion regulation, early maladaptive schemas and concern about body image is different in girls with and without overweight, and the overweight status is the ability to explain the variance of the difference in the difficulty of emotion regulation, early maladaptive schemas and concern about body image between the two groups. It was suggested; counselors and therapists should pay attention to the difficulty of emotional regulation, early maladaptive schemas and concern about people's body image in the treatment of psychological problems of overweight.

This research was carried out as the prediction of students' academic burnout based on the time perspective and maladaptive schemas of student. The research method is applied in terms of its purpose, and the data collection method is Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis. The statistical population of this study is all students of Islamic Azad University of Ghods city, which is 2300 people. The sample size was 250 people and selected by convenience sampling. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire that the questionnaire was a 15-item questionnaire for students' high school burnout. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha with a coefficient of reliability of 0.83 .A 56-item Zimbardo Time Schedule Index and a short-form questionnaire of Yang's short form questionnaire were selected. Content validity of the questionnaires and data was analyzed by SPSS software. In the descriptive statistics section, using statistical indices such as flare, percentage, mean, and standard deviation , and inferential statistics for testing the hypotheses of the research, Pearson correlation test and multivariate regression analysis were used. The results showed that in the first hypothesis, between the dimensions of the perspective of time, the negative past, and the future, and pleasure present negatively and significantly predict academic burnout in the students. In the second hypothesis test, it was concluded that among the dimensions of early maladaptive schemas, cuts / rejections, ear cramps and disrupted constraints predict the students' academic burnout positively and significantly.

This research was carried out as the prediction of students' academic burnout based on the time perspective and maladaptive schemas of student. The research method is applied in terms of its purpose, and the data collection method is Pearson correlation and multivariate regression analysis. The statistical population of this study is all students of Islamic Azad University of Ghods city, which is 2300 people. The sample size was 250 people and selected by convenience sampling. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire that the questionnaire was a 15-item questionnaire for students' high school burnout. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha with a coefficient of reliability of 0.83 .A 56-item Zimbardo Time Schedule Index and a short-form questionnaire of Yang's short form questionnaire were selected. Content validity of the questionnaires and data was analyzed by SPSS software. In the descriptive statistics section, using statistical indices such as flare, percentage, mean, and standard deviation , and inferential statistics for testing the hypotheses of the research, Pearson correlation test and multivariate regression analysis were used. The results showed that in the first hypothesis, between the dimensions of the perspective of time, the negative past, and the future, and pleasure present negatively and significantly predict academic burnout in the students. In the second hypothesis test, it was concluded that among the dimensions of early maladaptive schemas, cuts / rejections, ear cramps and disrupted constraints predict the students' academic burnout positively and significantly.

This study aimed to investigate the mediatory role of the early maladaptive schemas in relationship attachment styles and corona anxiety.

The study design was descriptive-correlational through structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all Undergraduate students Poldokhtar Higher Education Center in the academic year 2020-2021, who were selected to a statistical sample group with a sufficient number to test the model according to Klein (2015) for each variable 20 Samples were considered. The sampling method was non-probability and an online questionnaire. The instruments used in the study included the Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (CDAS), Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-SF), and Adult Attachment Scale (AAS). SPSS-22 and AMOS-24 software were used for statistical analysis.

In regards to the fitness indices, the results of the structural equation modeling indicate that the presented model has an appropriate fitness (RMSEA = 0.08, GFI = 0.90, AGFI = 0.91). Avoidant attachment style (β = 0.23) and maladaptive schemas (β = 0.78) have a direct and significant effect on corona anxiety.  Also indirect pathway results showed that secure attachment style mediated by maladaptive schemas could reduce corona anxiety; but avoidant and ambivalent attachment styles mediated by maladaptive schemas can add to students' corona anxiety.

The study showed that with increasing avoidant attachment style, corona anxiety decreased, and maladaptive schemas had a mediating role in the relationship between attachment styles with corona anxiety and increased this effect.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of early maladaptive schemas and Stress Coping Strategies of mothers on the quality of life of children 1 to 6 years old during the COVID-19 Epidemic. The method of this study is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population of the study included all mothers with children aged 1 to 6 yearsThe sample consisted of 325 mothers who completed the questionnaires online. Data were collected using Early Maladaptive Scheme (YSQ- SF), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situation (Ciss), TNO-AZL Preschool Children Quality of Life Questionnaire (TAPQOL). Data was analyzed using multivariate analysis of multiple regression. Results showed 32% of quality of life of children variance during COVID-19 Epidemic can be explained by early maladaptive schemas and Stress Coping Strategies of mothers.The results of regression analyses revealed that maladaptive schemas of Emotional deprivation, Abandonment, Social Isolation, Defectiveness / Shame, Dependence, Vulnerability to harm or illness, Enmeshment/underdeveloped self and  Unrelenting standards of mothers predicts on the quality of life of children during the COVID-19 Epidemic.Thus , training of appropriate strategies for mothers to reduce the maladaptive schemas and to teach proper coping strategies For increase quality of life of children is essential.

Early maladaptive schemas can impair people's mental, cognitive, and emotional health. Accordingly, the present study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the effectiveness of teaching skills based on schema therapy on the distress tolerance and psychological flexibility of female students with early maladaptive schema. The present study was experimental with a pretest, posttest, control group, and two-month follow-up period design. The statistical population of the present study included secondary high school female students with early maladaptive schema in the city of Isfahan in the academic year 2019-20. 30 female students with early maladaptive schema were selected through the available sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups (each group of 15 adolescents). The experimental group received eight seventy-five-minute sessions of teaching skills based on schema therapy intervention for one month (Sayyadi et.al, 2017). Two students from the experimental group and two from the control group withdrew from the study. The applied questionnaires in the current study included the early maladaptive schema Questionnaire (Young, 1998), the distress tolerance Questionnaire (Simons, Gaher, 2005), and the psychological flexibility Questionnaire (Dennis, Vander Wal, 2010). The data taken from the study were analyzed via the repeated measurement ANOVA method through SPSS23 software. The results showed that teaching skills based on schema therapy has a significant effect on the distress tolerance and psychological flexibility of the female adolescents with early maladaptive schema (p<0.001). According to the findings of the present study, it can be concluded that teaching skills based on schema therapy can be applied as an efficient therapy to increase distress tolerance and psychological flexibility of female adolescents with early maladaptive schema.

The aim of this study was to compare emotional schemas, early maladaptive schemas and resilience in divorced couples and living couples. The purpose of this study was descriptive-causal-comparative. The statistical population included divorced and living couples in Qom, of which 100 divorced couples (50 men and 50 women) referred to the Shahid Qudusi Court in Qom and 100 couples (50 men and 50 women). Live samples were selected by available sampling method. Leahy emotional schema questionnaire, Yang maladaptive schema questionnaire and Connor and Davidson resilience questionnaire were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed by analysis of covariance. The results showed that there was a significant difference at the level of α = 0.05 between the research variables (emotional schemas, primary maladaptive schemas and couple resilience) in the two groups of couples divorcing and living (0.000 = sig). Thus, the mean scores of emotional schemas and the scores of early maladaptive schemas are significantly higher for divorced couples, but the mean scores of resilience are significantly lower than for normal couples. Therefore, according to the obtained results, there is a difference between emotional schemas, initial maladaptive schemas and fertility in divorced couples and living couples that need to be studied and considered before marriage.