جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « نابینا » در نشریات گروه « روانشناسی »

The purpose of this study was to compare the process of developing the moral reasoning of blind and visually impaired students aged 11 to 18 years old in Tehran. The research method was descriptive of causal-comparative type. The statistical society included all blind and sighted students aged 11 to 18 years in Tehran who were studying in ordinary schools and schools for the blind in the academic year 1995-96. Of these, a sample of 120 people (60 blind and 60 sighted) was selected. The blind group was selected using sampling method and Bina group was selected by multi-stage random sampling method. Moral reasoning test was used to collect data. To analyze the data, independent t-test was used. The results of the data analysis showed that there is a significant difference between the growth of moral reasoning for blind and intermediate students aged 11-14 years in Tehran (p <0.05), but there was no significant difference between the ages of 15 and 18 years (05 / 0 <p). Given the lower ethical reasoning at the age of 11-14, it is suggested that interventions and effective studies be conducted.

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of grassroots training on social anxiety of blind students. The research is semi-experimental in which pre-test design was used after the test with the control group. The statistical population of this study was all blind students of the elementary school (first and second period) in Tehran. The number of sample members in this study was determined by 16 people who were selected by the available sampling method from the target population. Due to the small size of the research community, this study attempted to include all members of society as examples. After selecting the sample, the members were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups (8 subjects, eight controls). The information gathering tool was Watson & Freund's social anxiety scale (1969). To test the hypothesis of covariance analysis and multivariate analysis of variance. The results of the studies showed that the observed difference between the social anxiety scores of the participants according to group membership in the post-test for social anxiety with 99% confidence and for its components: avoidance and social distress and fear of negative evaluation with 95 The confidence level is significant.

Introduction The life of blinds people have certain needs, concerns and problems. The purpose of this research was to explain and explore all aspects of the life experiences of blind and / or low sighted people. Methodology For this purpose, a qualitative method of phenomenological was used. The statistical population in this study was all couples who were either blind or low-sighted and enrolled in the Yazd Rehabilitation Association and had children and also had passed more than 1 year of their marriage. After an interview with 24 people, the researchers reached saturation and did not get any new context. The data of this qualitative study were evaluated using a 7-step colizzi method. Foundings By scrutiny, the text of all interviews was divided into 321 distinct codes. By reviewing the codes, 40 sub-concepts were extracted. These sub-concepts were included in the seven final concepts. These concepts are: 1- "Follow the instructions of religion and the presence of God in life; 2- "The ability of the blind person and the ability to solve problems"; 3- " The ordinary life of blind people"; 4- "Concerns about the incorrect encounter of society"; 5- "Low self-esteem due to the limits of blindness / low-sightness"; 6- "Unpopular culture and views of the people and unsuitable planning"; and 7- "The realities of the blind / low-sighted people". Conclusions According to these concepts, the society of blind / low-sighted people has the same life quality as the rest of the society.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of quality of life psychotherapy on blind girls’ mental health in Esfahan. The study was quasi-experimental with pretest, posttest, control group design and a follow up. The population consisted of all blind girls who had records in Isfahan Welfare Organization in 2014. Through convenience sampling, 40 blind girls were selected and randomly assigned into two groups, experimental and control. Experimental group received quality of life psychotherapy for 8 sessions (90 minutes each) and then, both groups completed SCL-90-R personality traits questionnaire (Dragotis et al, 1973). The data were analyzed by analysis of covariance. Time-varying effects of depression were significant, that is, the pre-test rate of depression in both groups decreased significantly (P<0.01). The interaction of time with the indicators of anxiety, obsession and hostility was significant (P<0.01). In other words, psychotherapy made a significant difference between experimental group and control group in the three indicators of anxiety, obsession and hostility in posttest and follow up.

The purpose of present study was to investigate the effectiveness attribution style’s change on depression rate decrease, of adolescent blind girls. This study was carried out on experimental basis in pre-test, post-test design with control group. For this purpose, using the available sampling method, 30 of the depressed blind girls were selected and randomly substituted into two test and control groups, they were studying in secondary and high school stages of Tehran ‘Narjes blind school’ in the academic year of 2011-2012 and were placed in negative state/situations of internal, stable and general attribution style. Subjects of the experimental group were placed under attribution style change program’s educational course in ten, 45 minutes sessions in group form; however the control group did not receive any kind of education in this regard. The research data collected by ‘adolescence and children depression test’ as well as by the questionnaire of ‘adolescent and children attribution style’ and analyzed using the Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) test and the Multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) test. The obtained results indicated that, the attribution style change of internal, stable and general to external, unstable and specific have significant effect on reducing of depression rate (p < 0/0001). This can be concluded, thus, that the attribution style change was effective in depression rate decrease of blinds girl’s adolescents.

This study has been conducted to investigate the parenting stress in Exceptional boy Children Mother's (ECMs) with mental retardation, blindness, deafness, and physical disabilit ies. With a causal-effect research design using multi-phases cluster sampling method, ECMs (n=352) were selected, which including children with blindness (n=74), physical (n=74), deafness (n=108), and mental retardation (n=96). data were gathered using Abedin`s short form parenting stress index (PSI-SF), and analyzed using analysis of variance. Finding showed that ECMs with blindness disability scored significantly higher on averages of total scores of parenting stress than did ECMs with physical disability. Investigation of parenting stress among the four under study groups showed that 1) ECMs with blindness disability scored significantly higher parenting stress on Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction (PCDI) subscale than did ECMs with deafness and ECMs with blindness showed upper score based on PCDI subscale than other three groups; and 2)ECMs with blindness disability scored significantly higher parenting stress on difficult child (DC) subscale than did ECMs with physical disability, and ECMs with blindness showed upper score based on DC subscale than other three groups. Although, previous studies revealed that ECMs scored higher on parenting stress than did normal children mother's (NCMs), but this study with focus in four ECMs groups showed that ECMs with blindness disability in comparing with three other groups encounter with higher levels of parenting stress in two PCDI , and DC subscales.

The basic aim of this study was to compare the attribution style of blind and normal students. The statistical population of the study were all the students of normal, exceptional and compilation academies of the academic year 2010-2011. ,The sample included 36 male students (18 blind and 18 normal sighted),who were selected by simple random sampling. In order to gather the data the Attribution Style Questionnaire (ASQ) was completed with the sample.. The data was analyzed with multivariate variance analysis.The results showed that there is a significant difference between the attribution styles of blind and normal sighted students.Conclusion & recommendations: It is noteworthy to add that, the significant difference between the blind and the normal sighted students applies to all components including internal- external, Stable- Unstable and limited - totality elements of attribution styles and this must be taken into account in understanding the differences.

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of social skill training on psychological adjustment of Blind male students. This is an experiment study with pre test- post test control group design. The statistical population consisted of all (36) Blind students of middle grades (12‏to‏14 years) of Ababasir School in Esfahan as both experimental and control group. A sample of 18 student from each group were chosen from the population, by purposive sampling. Before intervention, the bell's Adjustment inventory (Be, 1967) was administrated to both groups. Afterwards experimental group received social skills training for 16 sessions (60 minutes each) in a period of two month, twice a week. One week after, the training, the post test was given to both groups. Results were analyzed using T test. findings indicated that social training were significantly effective in enhance psychological adjustment (P<0.01). What has been achieved in this research is the effectiveness training in social skills to increase the students psychological adjustment. The possible explanation for the increasing student's psychological adjustment might be due to participation of the experimental group in the social skills training program.