جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "cognitive inhibition" در نشریات گروه "روانشناسی"

The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of working memory training on improving problem-solving, cognitive inhibition, attitudes toward mathematics, and mathematics anxiety in students with mathematical learning disorders.
 
The research employed a quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, and follow-up phases. The statistical population included all male and female students with mathematical disabilities who had been referred to elementary school learning disability centers in Isfahan City during the 2021-2022 academic year. From this population, 30 students were selected through purposive sampling and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The experimental group received working memory training during 14 sessions, each lasting 60 minutes. Before and after training, participants completed a researcher-made problem-solving questionnaire, the John Ridley Stroop Test (1935), Ikon’s Attitude Towards Mathematics Scale (1971), and the Chiu and Henry Mathematics Anxiety Scale (1990).
 
The results of the mixed-design analysis of variance showed that working memory training significantly increased problem-solving skills, reduced cognitive inhibition, improved attitudes toward mathematics, and reduced mathematics anxiety (p < 0.01).
 
Working memory training effectively improves the cognitive and affective abilities of students with mathematical learning disorders.

The purpose of this research was to the effectiveness of self-instruction training on executive functions and cognitive inhibition of students with Special learning disorder. This was a quasi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest design with an experimental group and a control group. The statistical population of the study was all students with special learning disorders in Tabriz in the academic year 1399-1400, of which 30 samples in two homogeneous groups of second grade male students with learning disabilities, by alternative sampling method. The instruments used in this study were the Colorado Willcutt et al (2011) Learning Disabilities Questionnaire, the Coolidge Neurological Questionnaire (2002), the Computers sample Stroop Test (1953). The experimental group received self-instruction training in 12 sessions of 90 minutes and during this period the control group did not receive any training.   Data analysis using covariance analysis test of self-instruction training on improving executive functions and cognitive inhibition in all stages of sample Stroop test (P

Current study was conducted with the aim of investigating the relationship between attentional bias and cognitive inhibition among smoker and non-smoker male teenage students.

The research design was causal-comparative and the Statistical population of this study was 62 teenage students that randomly selected from 10 high schools of Gorgan and Kordkoy. Attentional bias has been measured by spatial cueing software and cognitive inhibition through Complex Stroop software. Also, short form of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale test has been executed and used as a control variable.

Data analysis using ANCOVA and MANCOVA showed that smokers’ group performance in stroop and behavioral tests were weaker the non-smokers group (p<0.01), smokers achieved higher scores in spatial cueing task (p<0.01).

The results showed cognitive inhibition ability was lower in smokers group. The findings of the present study can have implications for prevention and treatment of adolescent smoking.

Adolescence is the period of a lifetime when many physical and mental changes happen and thus make adolescents vulnerable to mental issues that must be well-recognized and figure out proper solutions to solve the problems and improve their ability to cope with difficult situations.

This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation on internet addiction, cognitive inhibition, and emotional control of internet-addicted adolescents.

This is a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest study with a control group. The research population was adolescents from two schools in Yazd. We chose 30 of them with the availability sampling method for the sample group. after that, we randomly put them into experimental and control groups. Before any intervention pretest was taken from them. Then the experimental group received cognitive rehabilitation intervention in 8 sessions. At the end of the interventions, a post-test was taken from both experimental and control groups. To evaluate internet addiction Kimberly young's internet addiction scale was used. To evaluate cognitive inhibition Boshra scale was used. William's emotional control scale was used to evaluate emotional control.

Data were analyzed with analysis of covariance which indicated the effectiveness of the cognitive rehabilitation approach to reduce internet addiction, and improve cognitive inhibition and emotional control levels (p<0.05).

cognitive rehabilitation approach is effective to reduce internet addiction in adolescents, and improve their cognitive skills and inhibitory system. Also, this approach could be effective to enhance emotional control for them.

Scientists have long speculated that whether schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are two separate or identical disorders. The aim of this study was to compare schizophrenic and bipolar patients in cognitive inhibition function.

The study population included all patients with schizophrenia and non-chronic bipolar disorder admitted to Razi Hospital in Tabriz who were diagnosed with schizophrenia or bipolar by a psychiatrist based on a structured clinical interview based on DSM5. 31 patients with schizophrenia and 30 bipolar patients were selected by convenience sampling method and cognitive inhibition performance was measured through Stroop test (color-word) and reaction time and accuracy indicators.

The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis of variance and showed that there was no difference in cognitive inhibition function between the two groups of patients.

Recognizing the differences and similarities of the two disorders, especially in cognitive functions, can be effective in Scientistschr('39') understanding of the common ground between the two disorders.

One of the most important characteristics of adolescents is the high rate of committing risky behaviors in certain age and developmental conditions. The purpose of this study was investigation the relationship between emotional regulation, cognitive inhibition and risky behaviors of female adolescents. The statistical population of this study included all high school girl students in Mashhad in year 96. In this research, 206 female students in two age groups (13-14-15 and 16-17-18) with available sampling were included in the descriptive-analytic study. To collect data were used risky behaviors and emotional regulation questionnaires and Go-No go task. Findings from statistical methods of correlation and one way ANOVA showed that there was a significant relationship between risky behaviors scores and emotional regulation, as well as risky behaviors and cognitive inhibition and there were observed among the risky behaviors, drug behavior, violence, driving, and the total score of risky behaviors, as well as among emotional regulation scores, the scores for not accepting emotional responses, the difficulty in performing purposeful behavior, lack of emotional awareness, Limited access to emotional regulation strategies and total score between two girls' adolescent groups. So we find that Excitement is one of the important factors influencing risky behaviors and unsufficiency of inhibition can be one of the underlying causes of tendencies to delinquency risky behaviors in adolescents. It is essential to identification of effective factors in the outbreak of risky behaviors and the formulation of prevention programs.

The aim of this study was to investigate the Improvement cognitive inhibition of children with attention deficit / hyperactivity in the context of emotional working memory training. The 20 children with attention deficit / hyperactivity were selected available sampling and using diagnostic tools (SCID-I and SNAF-IV) and randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups. The experimental group were trained in emotional working memory for 15 sessions of 40-30 minutes during 15 days, while the control group did not receive such training. Both groups were tested in pretest and post-test by classic Stroop test. The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that emotional working memory training has leads to Improvement cognitive inhibition in the experimental groups in comparison with the control group. Thus, it can be concluded that that emotional working memory training can as a viable option for improvement cognitive inhibition in children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder be regard to specialists and researchers.

The results of the recent researches suggest that addiction threatens physical, mental, social, and cognitive health in addition to physical health. Of course, the disruption of psychological, social, and cognitive functions can also lead an individual to addiction. This relation is reciprocal, in a way that psycho-social and cognitive dysfunction can lead an individual to addiction.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cognitive function of inhibition and planning of tendency to addiction in adolescents. This causal-comparative study was conducted in two stages. In stage one, 570 freshmen from Arak University (aged18-20) were selected. They were asked to answer the Iranian Addiction Potential Scale (IAPS) (Zargar 2006). Based on the performance in IAPS, a group of 44 students with high- and a group of 45 with low score (10% of top and 10% of bottom) were selected for stage two. In stage two, participants were asked to perform two tasks: Stroop and Tower of London tests to measure cognitive inhibition and planning respectively.
Results of performing two sets of MANOVA revealed that there is no significant difference between high and low groups in stroop task, but the difference in Tower of London measures were significant, and low group had better performance.
It might be a remarkable result, and we may be able to conclude that cognitive functions, specifically cognitive planning, are good predictors of tendency to addiction in adolescents.

The purpose of the present study was to compare cognitive inhibition in three groups of students with high, normal and low achievement in mathematical.
This study was a causal-comparative study. The population of this study included all fifth grade students in 1393-94 in Arak. 33 students with high mathematical achievement, 39 students with normal mathematical achievement and 36 students with low mathematical achievement were selected by convenience sampling method. To collect the data, Raven’s IQ test, Conners Teacher Rate Scale, researcher constructed mathematical test and numerical stroop test were used. For analyzing the data, multivariate analysis of variance and follow-up Scheffe tests were used.
The results of multivariate analysis showed that there was a significant difference between performance of three groups of students in numerical stroop. Results of follow-up Scheffe test showed the interference score of numerical stroop effect and physical stroop effect in students with normal mathematical achievement was higher than students with high mathematical achievement and the interference score in students with low mathematical achievement was higher than other groups.
It can be concluded that students with low mathematical achievement have the lowest performance in cognitive inhibition.

The crucial difference between people with OCD and non-clinical individuals would be the presence of OCD-related dysfunctional beliefs. compulsions are aimed at undoing the intrusive thoughts. With respect of core symptoms of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder(OCD) deficit in cognitive inhibition is probable. But results are inconsistent in this field. Here researchers are aimed to study the probable IOR deficit in clinical sample of compulsive washing . this study is a causal- comparative research. Beck Depression Inventory - version II (BDI-II), Obsessional Beliefs Questionnaire- 44 (OBQ-44) and emotional Inhibition of Return test were administered of 47 clinical samples of compulsive washing. The results of MANOVA analysis showed that there is no differences between two groups in IOR (F(4,42)=-0.578, P=0.735; Wilk’s Lambda= 0.955; Partial η2= 0.045). Moreover there is a significant deference between reaction times in valid and invalid trails (t= 4.209; P≤0.01) that shows the general IOR phenomena in participants. This research failed to show cognitive inhibition deficit in clinical samples of compulsive washing according to their dysfunctional beliefs.IT seems that IOR deficient is not detectable in OCD patients according to exogenous attention. Other theoretical and experimental implications are discussed.

The aim of this study is to survey of the role of excecutive function (cognitive flexibility, cognitive inhibition, Continuous attention) on cognitive emotion regulation in Girl teens.
The statistical population of this research is all students of high school students in Khormoj city who have been educated in 95-95 years. The sample consists of 117 adolescent secondary school students who were selected using multi-stage cluster sampling The research tools are the scale of emotional cognitive regulation strategies, Wisconsin software, Stroop and continuous performance. The data were analyzed by stepwise multiple regression.
Findings: The results of the analysis showed that cognitive flexibility and inhibition can predict self-blame, flexibility, inhibition, and continuous attention; predictive of rumination; cognitive flexibility and cognitive restraint predictive positive retention strategies; cognitive flexibility and continuous attention Forecasting reassessment and continuous attention and anticipatory deterrence has been the development of perspective. Also, cognitive impairment has been able to predict the extent of disaster in teenagers in the sample group.
These results provide guidelines for improving cognitive-emotional regulation strategies using executive functions.

Inhibition of Return (IOR) as a cognitive inhibition function, refers to the relative suppression of orienting toward stimuli that had recently been considered. This function has an adaptive value in human beings (Wang and Klein, 2010). Regarding the core symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), deficit in cognitive inhibition is probable. However, results are inconsistent. Therefore, the present study aimed to study the probable IOR deficit in clinical sample with compulsive washing. This study was conducted with a comparative method. Beck Depression Inventory-version II (BDI-II), Obsessive- Compulsive Inventory-Revised (OCI-R), and emotional Inhibition of Return test were administered on 30 clinical samples with compulsive washing (20% male) and 30 normal samples (26/7% male). The results of multivariate analysis of covariance showed that there was no deficit in IOR in compulsive washing (F=1.256, P>.05; Wilk’s Lambda =. 866; Y2 = 0.134). On the other hand without considering group effect, there was a significant difference deference between reaction times in valid and invalid trails (t=2.29; P[.05) that shows the general inhibition of return phenomenon in the subjects. This research failed to show cognitive inhibition deficit in clinical samples of compulsive washing, however, the probability of inhibition deficit is suggested in other levels of inhibition such as behavioral one. Other theoretical and experimental implications have been discussed.

The aim of the current study was to examine effectiveness of combination of parent training program، working memory training on inhibition in children with Attention Deficit Hyper activity Disorder. Sample include 36 children with ADHD aged between 6 to 12 years were selected by convenience sampling method. The children that diagnosis with SNAP–IV، CBCL and clinical interview، were randomly assigned to the three interventions. To analyze of data MANCOVA were used. Result of study revealed that performance of the children of the combined group was not significantly difference compared with the other two groups in cognitive inhibition (P0. 05). Furthermore significant difference was observed between the combined treatment group and the other two groups in behavioral inhibition (P)

The present study aimed to investigate cognitive inhibition and recognition in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and to compare them with normal group. Statistical population of this research comprised of all patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder aged 25-45 that had come to mental hospitals, clinics and consulting centers located in Ardebil, Iran. The normal population included all the normal people aged 25-45 in Ardebil. Forty people were conveniently selected for each group (80 in total). They were matched for age, sex, and education. The instruments were Stroop test, and Wechsler Memory Scales. The data were analyzed by multivariate analysis of variance. The results of research suggested poorly cognitive inhibition in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder than healthy people, but not in cognitive recognition. In cognitive inhibition, people with OCD performed significantly more poorly than normal people.

The present research was designed to investigate the cognitive and motor inhibition in persons suffering from obsessive compulsive and schizophrenic disorders and comparing them with a normal group. 90 persons with obsessive compulsive and schizophrenic disorders and normal persons (30 persons in each group) age range between 25-45 were selected. The participants were asked to answer individually the computer based form of the stroop test (Golen, 1978), as index of cognitive inhibition and stop signal task (Gorlyn, Keilp, Tryon & Mann, 2005), of motor inhibition. Results indicated that persons with schizophrenic disorder in both the cognitive and motor inhibitions performed significantly poorer than obsessive compulsive and normal persons but there was no significant difference between obsessive compulsive and normal groups. The group with schizophrenic disorder performed significantly poorer than the obsessive compulsive group in cognitive inhibition but there was no significant difference in motor inhibition between these two groups. Therefore, on the basis of results it can be concluded that poor cognitive and motor inhibition have an important role in the pathology of schizophrenic disorder and in obsessive compulsive disorder, despite relative poor motor inhibition, is a need for there designing more careful studies.