جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "tehran" در نشریات گروه "روانشناسی"

This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of art therapy on anxiety and aggressiveness among the child labor in Tehran.

The research method was a semi-experimental intervention of pre-test-post-test type with a control group. The statistical population of this study consisted of all child labor in Tehran in 1402. Based on the inclusion criteria, 120 child labor were selected by random sampling from charity centers supporting children in Tehran and were placed in two experimental (60 people) and control (60 people) groups. The experimental group underwent art therapy during 10 sessions of 60 minutes; but the control group remained on the art therapy waiting list. After the completion of the treatment sessions, both groups were subjected to a post-test under the same conditions. In order to investigate the effect of art therapy on anxiety and aggressiveness, analysis of covariance was used.

The results showed that the average scores of anxiety and aggressiveness in the post-test were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group, and compared to the control group, the subjects in the experimental group had a significant decrease in anxiety and aggressiveness in the post-test.

Art therapy is suggested as an effective psychotherapy method to reduce anxiety and aggressiveness to children's therapists.

Infectious diseases are always a source of fear and anxiety that following the outbreak of the disease, symptoms of anxiety can be seen in the person, including coronary anxiety, which leads to the continuation of psychological trauma and aggravation of social problems. The aim of this study was to compare coping self-efficacy based on the severity of corona anxiety in citizens of Tehran. The research method was descriptive kind of comparative causal. The statistical population was all citizens of Tehran in April and May of 2020 that 215 people were selected by voluntary sampling with online call through virtual social networks (Telegram and WhatsApp). Data were collected by Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (Alipour et al., 2018) and the Coping Self-Efficacy Scale (Chesni et al., 2005) which were prepared as virtual web-based questionnaires. Also the data obtained from these questionnaires were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance in SPSS-25 software. The results of variance analysis showed that there was a significant difference between mild and severe coronary anxiety group in the mean of coping self-efficacy and problem-oriented coping (p<0/01).Mean self-efficacy and problem-oriented coping did not differ significantly from other coronary anxiety severity confrontations, Also, the mean stop unpleasant emotions and thoughts and get support from friends and family were not differ significantly in all coronary severity confrontations (p<0/05). Therefore, it seems that health officials should pay more attention to the concept of coping self-efficacy as an important indicator in ensuring the mental health of people during the outbreak of coronary anxiety.

The results of research indicate that the Internet addiction, as an impulse control disorder and maladaptive pattern of Internet use, leads to significant disruption in cognitive, academic and occupational problems in a person's life. In addition, the rumination or thoughts that the individual has repeatedly in their mind about negative felings and events might lead to catatrophizing. Although many studies have focused on problem - solving strategies and spiritual intelligence as preventative skills to improve coping with traumatic events, there is a research gap in the context of investigating these variables.

The purpose of this study was to assess the relationshipsof problem solving skills and spiritual intelligence with the tendency to Internet addiction according the mediating role of rumination.

Using descriptive-correlation study, 353 Internet users (19-35 year old) were selected randomly. The evaluation of the proposed model was done by modeling structural equations.Computer and SPSS and lisrel software were used for statistical calculations and analysis.

The research results showed that the research model fits well.The results of Pearson correlation coefficient test showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between the variables of problem solving skills and spiritual intelligence on the rate of Internet addiction (p<0.01).

Intrnt addiction hasdiffent behavoural coorelates such as problem solving and sprotual intelligence that can be moderated by various process.

Marital sexual violence is considered as one of the unknown examples of violence against women, which is referred to by various interpretations such as marital rape, domestic sexual violence, sexual violence against the wife, and sexual violence in cohabitation. To investigate this type of violence from the perspective of female victims, in this study, the qualitative research approach and descriptive phenomenological method were used and according to the nature of the research, sampling was done purposefully And continued to the point of theoretical saturation. The study sample consisted of 11 women in Tehran in 1399-1400 who experienced marital sexual violence. The data collection tool was a semi-structured interview. Data were analyzed by the Colaizzi method. Findings of the study include 1 main theme, Concepts and examples of marital sexual violence 11 sub-themes including dissatisfaction with sexual intercourse, sexual self-centeredness, disregard for the sexual needs of the spouse, sexual illiteracy, sexual humiliation, sexual relationship with violence, imposition of a particular type of sex, high-risk sex, inconsistency in the relationship Sexual, sexual abnormalities and sexual abuse and 30 constructs were conceptualized. The results indicate that the dimensions of marital sexual violence are wide and therefore need to be more aware and pay more attention to this type of violence against women by relevant agencies and organizations.

Background and

The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) outbreak has caused a severe crisis in the world. Authorities in different countries had been forced to enact laws to prevent its spread, which has led to many psychological and interpersonal injuries. Physical activity is known as one of the influential factors in improving the physical and mental condition of people; Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of aerobic exercise on corona anxiety and interpersonal communication skills in working women aged 30-40 years with COVID-19 in Tehran.

The present study is an experimental study with a pre-test-post-test with a control group design. The general population studied in this study included all working women aged 30 to 40 years in Tehran who were working in 2022. The sample consisted of 60 working women aged 30 to 40 years in Tehran who were selected from the 2nd district of Tehran by available and voluntary sampling method. Corona Disease Anxiety Scale (Alipour et al., 2020), and the youth development competencies scale (Fetro, Rhodes, Hey, 2010) were used to collect data.

Based on the findings, the mean of the experimental group in the components of interpersonal communication skills (development and maintenance of communication, empathy, communication skills, and conflict resolution) has increased sharply after aerobic exercise, and the average score of anxiety has decreased.

The results indicate that aerobic exercise is a suitable method to reduce corona anxiety and improve interpersonal communication skills of working women with coronavirus disease.

One of the main areas of activity of emotions is arousal and their regulation in response to stressors. In this area, emotional and behavioral regulation strategies are considered as coping strategies that play a key role in both concepts of regulatory processes. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the psychometric properties of the behavioral emotion regulation questionnaire which developed by Garnefski & Kraaij (2019). The statistical population was the adults of Tehran that a sample of 320 people (193 females and 127 males) answered the behavioral emotion regulation (BERQ) and cognitive emotion regulation (CERQ) questionnaires. The results showed that the reliability coefficient of the questionnaire using the retest method was 0.82 and cronbach's alpha was 0.73, which indicates its optimal reliability. The results of exploratory factor analysis also indicated the existence of five factors: seeking distraction, withdrawal, activity Approaching, seeking social support, and ignoring, which explained 66.84% of the total variance. Overall, the results indicate that this questionnaire for use in Iranian society has acceptable validity and reliability.

The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of mindfulness and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on psychological factors such as injury anxiety and performance improvement. There are models of the relationship between psychological factors and injury showing that stress, anxiety and worry can limit cognition, increase muscle tension, increase distractibility and lose focus. Finding a way to reduce anxiety and improve performance is important for professional athletes. This study was conducted in the form of an experiment involving two experimental groups (mindfulness training group and electrostimulation group) and a control group with a pretest-posttest design. The statistical sample of this study consists of 36 volunteers who participated in this study. The statistical population of this study was all elite fencers who had at least third place in Tehran province in their record. Anxiety inventory questionnaire prepared by Cassidy (2006) and sports performance questionnaire prepared by Charbonio (2001) were used to measure injury anxiety and performance. Data were measured with descriptive statistics to show the mean and standard deviation of the data, and inferential statistical tests through paired t-tests and Fisher’s tests to show the differences between groups, using SPSS-25 software. The results showed that mindfulness and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) had a significant effect on the pretest in both performance and anxiety variables by paired t-tests. By Fisher’s test, the variables of injury anxiety in the two groups of mindfulness and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) showed no significant difference. In this study, it can be concluded that both mindfulness and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation had a significant effect on these variables and that mindfulness is a suitable, inexpensive and accessible way for athletes to access it.

Lifestyle changes as a result of the global outbreak of Quaid 19 have overshadowed children and have had psychological consequences. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the psychological consequences of the new coronavirus (Covid 19) in children with systemic review. The research findings from 2019 to 2020 in the databases PupMed, Springer, Scopus, ProQuest, Science direct, Google Scholar by searching the keywords of Quaid 19, psychological effects, mental health, social isolation, behavioral-emotional problems, quarantine and children Finally, according to the entry criteria, out of 62 articles reviewed, 15 articles were included in the research and classification results, summarized and reported. Evaluation of the articles showed an increase in behavioral problems, problems related to self-regulation, anxiety and fear, problems related to adaptation and coping strategies, experience of abuse and emotional abuse, increased severity of mental disorders and depression and post-traumatic stress disorder. Covid 19 is considered a disease in children. Considering the negative psychological consequences of the prevalence of Quaid 19 disease, it is recommended to design and plan intervention and support strategies to reduce the negative effects.

The aim of this study was to develop a model of generalized anxiety disorder in preschool children in Tehran. The present study was conducted in a qualitative method using a grounded theory approach. 19 child specialists (psychologist / psychiatrist) were selected by purposeful sampling method.  Data were collected through semi-structured and interactive interviews to reach information saturation. MAXQDA version 18.2.0 software was used for data analysis. In open coding, 141 primary codes were obtained, which were categorized into 21 thematic categories based on thematic similarity, in axial coding. In the third stage or selective coding, generalized anxiety disorder was identified as the central or major variable. Understanding the causes of generalized anxiety disorder can help families, therapists, and mental health policy-makers to improve the conditions that cause the disorder.

This research was performed with the aim of study of psychometric characteristics of Adolescent Time Inventory Tehran city.

Statistical samples of this study were 450 male and female adolescent of Tehran city that were selected through multiphase clustering method from statistical population. Research instrument was 30question form Adolescent Time Inventory.

The results showed that reliability factor by using Cronbach`s alpha and retest, represent favorite reliability for total inventory and each of components. Also the results exploratory factor analysis indicate existence of six factors of Past Negative, Past Positive, Present Negative, Present Positive, Future Negative and Future Positive that totally explain more than 37% of total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the results indicate acceptable fitness in determining factors.

Obtained results indicate that Adolescent Time inventory is a reliable and valid instrument for Iranian adolescent population

The aim of this study was to determine gender differences in the use of social networks and its relationship with academic performance among high school students of Tehran, region 5, in the educational year 1394-95.
This research used a descriptive survey-based approach. The statistical population was all high school students of Tehran region 5 in academic year 1394-95. The statistical sample comprises of 372 students (172 boys and 200 girls) who have been chosen at randomized stratification. We collected data on how much studetns use social networks through a researcher-made questionnaire, which has appropriate technical features (content validity and reliability of 0/86), to measure how much students use social networks and the end of the second academic semester 1394-1395 for student's performance were used.
The results showed that the use of social networks among students was high and this issue has caused educational decline in the students. There was significant differences between girls and boys in motivation and the use of the networks.
Results showed that Telegram was the most popular social network among the participants.

The purpose of the study was to investigate psychometric characteristics of Zimbardo's time perspective inventory (short form) in adult population of Tehran.
The sample population of the study was 400 adult men and women of Tehran which was selected by multiphase clustering method. 36-question form of time perspective inventory and NEO personality traits (short form) were used.
Results showed that reliability coefficient of questionnaire by Cronbach alpha represent the suitable reliability of total scale and each of the factors. The results also showed that there's a significant relationship between time perspective inventory factors and NEO personality traits. In addition, the results of explanatory factor analysis indicate five factors of negative past, present hedonistic, provident, positive past, and present fatalistic which generally determine 37 % of total variance. Of course there are some changes in some of the items of time perspective inventory in comparison with the original inventory. Moreover, the results of confirmatory factor analysis show an acceptable fitness in determining factors with new items.
Discussion and The obtaining results indicate that short form of time perspective inventory with its changed items is a valid and reliable tool for Iranian adult population.

This research performed in order to Assessing competence consulting of Multicultural Advisories in Tehran.
Research society was all of advisories in Tehran¡ whom have received a work permit since the establishment – 2012- from psychology and advisory system organization. The Sample of 298 selected by simple random.
Findings: shows competence consulting in Tehran was not consistent with the expected in the field of multicultural counseling. In terms of gender¡ there was no difference between men and women also¡ consultants with different languages and dialects.
it can be conducted; Consultants should increase their multicultural Counseling Competencies through education.

Social psychology studies indicate bystander intervention decreases as a result of cognitive process. This study aims to measure bystander intervention in Iran. In a field experimental study, 120 people including 60 men and 60 women’s reactions to a person who were given a wrong address were observed and recorded. Results of the research showed that 43% of people intervened and helped the person by giving her the right address. In addition, there were significant differences between men and women in helping as bystanders Women helped significantly more than men (p <0.01). The results also showed meaningful differences according to situation. In situation of low obligation people helped more than when there was high obligation (p <0.01). The results confirm the other studies related to bystanders’ intervention. It indicates that educating citizens in helping people in emergency situations is essential.

Urban visual environment plays a significant part in the citizens’ lives and the impact of its quality on individual’s environmental experiences have been well attended to when designing urban environment from scratch. Meanwhile، the most important aspect in this context is to recognize and assess the main criteria of citizens’ preferences in urban spaces. Like other inter-individual differences in preferences (including the living environment، age، socio-economic status، ethnicity and income level)، gender has an impact on environmental perception and preference. This research examined the visual preference of female citizens for urban public spaces. Through a simple random sampling method، 250 respondents were recruited by which the most and the least visual preferred places in Tehran were determined. Respondents rated the environmental attributes of two sample spaces including Vali-Asr avenue and Enqelab square according to the predictor variables derived from literature review. The obtained data on rating (5-point Likert scale) were analyzed using the correlation and regression statistical techniques. Our findings revealed that attributes such as naturalness، typicality and mystery have the most mean-difference between the two selected spaces. Regression analyses showed that association، naturalness، upkeep، legibility، historical significance and coherence should be considered in planning and designing of Vali-Asr avenue to promote its preference. On the other hand، attributes such as mystery، association، typicality and legibility were considered as priorities for promoting women’s visual preferences for Enqelab square.

Shaping attitudes، values، commitment، and skills needed to maintain and support the environment starts from early ages. This study aimed at assessing and preparing nursery coaches for environmental education to children.

The method was descriptive and the population for the study consisted of the kindergarten coaches in Tehran. The findings related to environmental literacy rate was obtained by standard questionnaires.

The results showed that، in terms of environmental education، 79% of the study sample is lower than average. The level of education and work experience did not show a significant relationship with the level of environmental literacy. Furthermore، nursery coaches had good information about environmental issues but possessed little knowledge of the world''s environmental problems.

The study indicated that providing environmental educational programs for nursery coaches is necessary and also the need for related in-service programs for teachers is vital.

Over the past four decades, age at first marriage has been increased considerably in Iran, particularly among females. In addition, recent evidence indicates an increase in premarital heterosexual liaisons among young people. This paper is based on the finding of first phase of the survey of a cross-sectional mix-method study which aimed to assess the influence of experience of premarital heterosexual liaisons on marriage among university students in Tehran in 2011. This paper specifically aims to examine the influence of premarital heterosexual liaisons on marriage age and desire In the first phase of the survey, 2031 university students aged 18-40 from among 7 universities (both public and private) in Tehran were selected using two stage stratified cluster sampling method. Data collection was completed between January 2010 and May 2011 using an anonymous self-administer valid and reliable questionnaire. The mean age of respondents was 22.5, 12% were married with a mean age at marriage of 27(SD=6.32). The influence of premarital heterosexual relationships on marriage age was assessed among married and on desire to marry among single students. The results show that after control of gender, economic and cultural situation of the family, the experience of progressive (sexual) relationship between opposite sex is one of the determinant factors of marriage age among university students. Reporting experience of progressive premarital heterosexual relationships and intimacy are associated with about two years delay in marriage (b-coefficient=1.7, P<0/05) Moreover, There is a gender difference in the relations between premarital heterosexual relationships and desire for marriage. So as, both heterosexual friendships and intimacy was significantly linked with greater desire for marriage among females, while among men, only progressive intimacy was inversely linked with desire for marriage. Men with greater experiences showed lower desire for marriage, while premarital heterosexual friendship was not associated with marital desire and propensity. The changes in trends of premarital heterosexual relationships among young people and recent types of partnerships needs to be considered more than before in evolution of marriage and the family in Iran and also differing implications of such relationships between men and women needs greater consideration.

The aim of this study is to shed light on the factors promoting the religious concepts and beliefs among the guidance- and high-school students in district 2 of Tehran. The study was a descriptive survey, and the statistical population consisted of all male and female guidance- and high-school students of district 2 of Tehran in the school year 2006-2007. Sample size was based on Morgan table and covered 384 students selected through simple random sampling. The data gathering tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose validity and reliability was confirmed by experts and Cronbach's alpha (0.85), respectively. The collected data was analyzed by the SPSS v.11.5 software.The results showed that (1) there was a significant relationship between parent's character and the growth of religious beliefs of high-school students, (2) there was a significant relationship between cultural facilities of family with the growth of religious beliefs of students, (3) there was a significant relationship between the character of religious education teachers with the growth of religious beliefs of students, (4) there was a significant relationship between school facilities and the growth of religious beliefs of guidance- and high-school students and (5) there was a significant relationship between methods of propagation in community with the growth of religious beliefs of guidance- and high-school students. Regarding the findings and the significant relationship between the said factors and the growth of religious beliefs, they should be given due consideration by the society.