جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « digital library » در نشریات گروه « کتابداری و مدیریت اطلاعات »

Information literacy involves a range of skills such as recognizing information needs, understanding information production and value, and using information to generate new knowledge ethically. It is essential for individuals to locate, evaluate, and utilize information effectively to become lifelong learners. This research aims to investigate how education influences the information literacy abilities of out-of-school children in accessing digital libraries and databases.

This study utilized a Semi-experimental research design and survey method. Initial theoretical studies were conducted, and five information literacy standards were compared to develop a new pattern. The population consisted of 195 dropouts from two schools - Moshtaq in Kerman and Arslan Boys in Rafsanjan. The sample size of 120 individuals was selected using a simple random method, with 100 students completing the questionnaire. Survey data was analyzed before and after information literacy training over one semester using a checklist with five components and 15 indicators. Reliability was measured using Cronbach's alpha, which yielded a value of 0.851.

The study revealed that digital libraries and databases were available to a favorable extent, with a 2.935 percent availability rate. Prior to training, students showed a 2.125 percent proficiency in locating information in digital resources, which improved to 2.45 percent post-training. Additionally, students demonstrated an average skill level of 2.38 in utilizing full-text databases within digital libraries.

The research underscored the importance of education in enhancing information literacy skills, particularly in the areas of information retrieval and selection, database usage, and critical evaluation of online sources. Recommendations included teaching students how to identify reliable information sources, conduct effective information searches, and utilize various search operators for refining search results.Value: The novelty of the research lies in its examination of the Impact of Education on Information Literacy Skills of Dropout Students in Utilizing Digital Libraries and Databases through a Semi-experimental research design.

The present study aimed to identify the level of user satisfaction with the digital library services of Allameh Tabatabai University during the Corona era.

The research utilized an applied purpose and descriptive survey method. The statistical population consisted of all students of the Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology at Allameh Tabatabai University. Data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire distributed electronically, with 156 out of 450 respondents answering the questionnaire thoroughly. One-sample t-test was used to test hypotheses, supplemented by additional tests such as t-test for two independent samples, ANOVA, Friedman, Levin, and Tukey. The validity of the questionnaire was established through content validity method with a coefficient above 0.76, and reliability was confirmed through Cronbach's test with a coefficient of 0.726.

Results revealed that user satisfaction with accessing online library services, service interface environment, information retrieval, visual effects, and personal library services of Allameh Tabatabai University's digital library were significantly higher than the standard score of 3. However, satisfaction with accessing domestic and international databases was found to be significantly lower than the standard score.

Overall, user satisfaction with Allameh Tabatabai University's digital library services was deemed to be in a good state during the Corona era.

Value: 

This study provides insights into user satisfaction with digital library services during a pandemic, offering valuable perspectives on delivering digital information services during crises.

The present study states that the success in implementing the knowledge management architecture in the field of electronic services for business in digital libraries requires the evaluation of knowledge management in the digital library. For this purpose, the researchers have studied the implementation of digital library research in the form of digital enterprises to set up a link for electronic business such as culture centers in digital and functional form in public libraries of Tehran. Basically, the application of this work is that by first setting up a link in the digital library at the level of public libraries, it is possible to open the door to electronic business, so that researchers can do research in this field and people seek work and creation in entrepreneurship, and in this way, electronic services can be launched in public libraries and these services can be guided through prioritization and knowledge management architecture, and a model and pattern that has been proposed in this research can be opened. and considered the initiator of this work.

This research is based on the purpose of an applied-developmental study and based on the method of data collection, it is a descriptive study of the cross-sectional survey type. Also, in this study, a mixed research method (qualitative-quantitative) was used. The data collection tool in the qualitative part was a semi-structured interview, and in the quantitative part, a questionnaire with face validity and with a Likert-type scale. The statistical population in the qualitative section includes 33 experts of digital library managers, who were selected by the purposeful sampling method, which was reached up with 12 interviews. To analyze the data in the qualitative part, the theme analysis method and MaxQDA software were used. Then, using gap analysis and performance analysis, the priority of knowledge management architecture in e-business services was discussed. The quantitative statistical population includes 150 digital users and 50 digital library user experts. The sample size was checked with Morgan's table, Cronbach's alpha and Likert's scale were also used for the questionnaire, and Friedman's test was also used for prioritization. Sampling in quantitative section was done randomly. In order to answer the research questions for the qualitative part, it was done through indirect observation, and after answering the interview questions, it was semi-structured. Basically, the user was allowed to do it alone and to some extent with an open hand without having any answer to the relevant questions in a restricted manner.

The research findings show that knowledge management in the digital library is at the initial level of the productivity model in digital libraries. The gap between the performance level and the expected level is wide. But in general, they achieved a meaningful relationship. In the field of electronic services, expectations (importance) are close to perceptions (performance). But in the case of variables such as knowledge management results, knowledge processes, knowledge management architecture, e-business, gaps in requirements and priorities were observed. According to the research obtained in the background section, it needs more understanding and investigation which shows that variables such as electronic business service requirements of digital libraries, the communication chain of knowledge management architecture in digital libraries are needed in this library and should be investigated. It can also be said that the research findings show that knowledge management in the digital library is at the initial level. The gap between the performance level and the expected level is wide. Variables such as electronic business service requirements of digital libraries and communication chain of knowledge management architecture in digital libraries are needed. Basically, the findings of the research include the following:
Level of knowledge management in digital library: beginner
Gap between performance and expectations: large
The need for further investigation in the digital library system: the variables of electronic business service requirements of digital libraries and the communication chain of knowledge management architecture.

The results of the research showed that the requirements of digital libraries have been raised in the form of a knowledge management architecture for electronic business, and in this context, the model of digital libraries to improve the performance of these services has been expressed in the suggestions section which can be used as a digital company to start a business in digital libraries. Basically, this company is the initiator of other businesses as well as research works in any organization and library, which is good enough to give hope for donation and this work. It is a way to advance the goals of this library and electronic business and entrepreneurship in the digital world. Also, in the section of suggestions for improving and promoting this work, the network method is also mentioned, which is the best way to do electronic work in the virtual world. Also, this method can open the way for ontology and information retrieval in the digital world, and in principle, this way can be suggested for better performance in both specialized and public libraries.

With the development of technologies, things are done faster and in less time, as the reduction of time to do work and the speed of response has become an important competitive advantage among organizations. These features and advantages have led to the widespread use of Internet of Things technology among different societies, and at the same time, the field of acceptance and development of information and communication technologies in libraries and information centers has also emerged because libraries, as information service centers, should be able to play a role on par with other organizations. Due to the advancement of information and communication technology, libraries have problems in managing and providing services. The Internet of Things is one of the phenomena that helps librarians to better manage facilities, equipment, and applications. The purpose of the current research was to study the information security in digital libraries on the Internet of Things. This research was of applied type and library (documentary) and survey methods were used to carry it out. For this purpose, a 19-item checklist was used to identify and evaluate the dimensions of the research, and the state of information security in digital libraries was investigated and analyzed in 6 components access level, security and technology, service provision, infrastructure, information protection and information confidentiality. Binomial and one-sample t-tests were used for data analysis in SPSS software. In this research, the libraries that use the Internet of Things technology, the type of libraries, and the services provided by the Internet of Things technologies in the libraries were identified. The findings indicate that the components of the level of access, security, and technology, providing services and infrastructure are in a suitable condition, and the components of information protection and information confidentiality are in an inappropriate condition in terms of the security of the Internet of Things information. The use of the Internet of Things in libraries is increasing, and many libraries use or want to use this technology because it has many advantages for libraries. Also, the use of this technology accelerates and facilitates the transfer from one generation to another of libraries, especially the transfer from a traditional library to a digital library and a smart library with a smarter service. The use of the Internet of Things in digital libraries can lead to providing new and irreplaceable services to the users of these libraries. Meanwhile, security is one of the key challenges of information technology, and Issues related to the Information Security of Digital Library on the Internet of Things are very important, librarians can make decisions by using it carefully.

A digital library is a collection of digital objects, such as books, magazines, audio recordings, video recordings, and other documents that are accessible electronically. Public libraries also use digital libraries in their activities to improve the quality of services. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility of establishing the status of the digital library in Iran Public Libraries Foundation, based in Kerman city. The present survey research methods a descriptive-analytic, statistical population consisting of 62 members of managers and staff working in 9 the public libraries of Kerman city. Due to the limitation of the size of the community, Sampling has not been done and all the people were considered as statistical samples. Data was collected using a researcher-made checklist with confirmed structural and content validity. The checklist questions were prepared and organized according to the objectives of the research and by the basic questions. The validity of this checklist was confirmed through the opinion of the subject experts and the examination of the dimensions of the research components and compliance with similar texts and research. TOPSIS method has been used to check research hypotheses. As well as for the implementation of information architecture using similarity to ideal option (TOPSIS) among the public libraries of various attributes, including the city of Kerman (the skills of librarians, technical equipment and facilities available in the library, the library's budget situation and telecommunication infrastructure) were studied, so the weight of the rating criteria to the libraries on a five-step were explained. The results showed that the findings showed: Central National Library with a coefficient of 0.590 is close to the ideal coefficient in comparison with other libraries, and Yazdani Far Library is ranked ninth with a coefficient of 0.248. Strengthening digital technology, explaining the nature, function, advantages, and disadvantages of digital libraries, digital protection, and information security, user privacy protection, resource sharing methods, and educational programs are among the important issues in creating digital libraries. According to the results of the research, it was found that public libraries in kerman are not in a favorable situation in terms of telecommunication infrastructure, Therefore, it was suggested to provide the necessary infrastructure for the use of information technology. Teaching the use of related technologies, increasing the speed of the Internet, providing the necessary infrastructure, and providing the necessary equipment are among the suggestions of the research.Originality/value: Creating a digital library is very beneficial in the effective use of information resources. Paying attention to the essential infrastructures and basic components in the digitization of public libraries of Kerman for the use of information technology is one of the benefits of this research.

Digital libraries are trying to increase services to their users by removing the obstacles to and limitations of traditional libraries, such as the mass volume of publications, followed by the increase in the cost of providing printed resources, the lack of library space and the exhaustion of resources by providing resources in electronic formats. Digital library of Astan-e Quds-e Razavi is the biggest and most important digital library in Iran. This library tries to use advanced technology in order to change accessibility of users to the information resources and attract their attention. On the other hand, evaluating user's satisfaction is a good measure of a library's performance. Hence the main purpose of this study was to evaluate the usability of Astan-e Quds-e Razavi digital library through assessing its users' satisfaction.

This study was an applied research and its methodology was evaluative. Research population consisted of all users of Astan-e Quds-e Razavi digital library (40,000 people) which used the digital library in the year 2021. The sample was selected based on Krejcie and Morgan’s sample size table through simple random sampling (380 people). The required data was collected by a questionnaire. It included two parts: first part includes demographic information (such as sex, age, education and job experience in digital library of Astan-e Quds-e Razavi) and the second part of questionnaire includes 42 items evaluating usability of the digital library. In order to confirm the validity of the research tool, the comments and viewpoints of some instructors teaching at Imam Reza International University of Mashhad, Iran, were applied. In order to confirm the reliability, Cronbach’s alpha was used. The total alpha coefficient was 96. Also from 380 people which received questionnaires online, 365 people (near 96%) returned them. The gathered data was analyzed through the SPSS using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Four criteria were found including "available digital resources", "usage capability", "performance status" and "search and retrieval status" to evaluate the usability of Astan-e Quds-e Razavi digital library. The findings showed that the highest rate of users' satisfaction regarding to the usability of Astan-e Quds-e Razavi digital library is related to search and retrieval functions. Among retrieval attributes understandable keywords, accessibility process, attractiveness, browsing by subject, and tutorial guide achieved the highest level of satisfaction. Also the lowest level of satisfaction related to recall and precision, speed and the level of information distribution. while the lowest satisfaction rate obtained for functionality. The findings revealed that users' satisfaction of usability of Astan-e Quds-e Razavi digital library was more than average level. By the way, showing strengths and weakness point of Astan-e Quds-e Razavi digital library was another result in this research. Among the strengths points, we can refer to different search strategies and feasible user interface provided by digital library that surely facilitates accessibility to the library different sections and various sources of information. In addition, using various colors for attractiveness makes it possible for the users to be able to easily separate various services provided in digital libraries. In addition, using different mobile applications aside with related guide showed that managers and experts of digital library pay more attention to their users and their needs.

By identifying the factors influencing the usability of Astan-e Quds-e Razavi digital library as the results of this research, managers can promote the quality of the library and therefore increase the user’s satisfaction. Also considering the results of this research by librarians may leads to supplying information with various formats, regarding usable strategy to distribute information based on users’ information needs and finally motivating digital library users to reuse the library.

The purpose of the present study is to briefly review the current status of the required spaces for the public libraries in Iran and identify and redefine the architectural needs of these spaces to achieve a new pattern for contemporary libraries.

The study approach is a qualitative study based on the grounded theory method. The data were collected by applying library and field methods, using an analytical review, interviews with users, librarians of four selected libraries, researchers, architecture and their users. By analyzing the interview and data, codes were identified and named. In the axial coding stage, the primary categories and phenomena, including “demographic composition of the audiences”, “form of resources, facilities, and facilities”, “quality of the collection and resources”, “conditions of the library to utilize the services”, “quality of services and facilities, and programs to achieve the establishment of social and spatial justice”, “level of social interactions by knowing the cultural context of the target society”, “relationship with sustainable development”, and “library space including four components of necessary standards, functional planning, customization and configuration, and physical planning” were identified. In the selective coding, given the study objectives, three categories of “standardization”, “socio-cultural dimension” and “physical-environmental model” were selected.

Public libraries have changed rapidly due to technological developments and the communication revolution, and have overshadowed the service and mission, planning and functional design, physical, and even the perceptual and aesthetic aspects of libraries. Convincing and diverse perspectives have been presented on public libraries and their future, their goals, services, and space in the 21st century. They range from doubting their functional existence owing to the nature of new technologies and communications, to their becoming significant due to the nature of preserving the documents of human civilization and the interaction make possibe in society (unlike the new communication technologies that insist on isolation). The diversity of these views emphasizes that it is not possible to present a single form for design, but there is a possibility of some kind of design interaction. The analysis of the libraries under study showed that the architecture of the libraries makes certain functional/behavioral models possible. One of them is the “collection-oriented” model, which aims at emphasizing the traditional role of the library as a place for providing resources. The other is an “interaction-oriented” model, which stresses the socio-cultural role of the public library as a venue for interaction that emphasizes, on the one hand, the preservation, publication and development of knowledge and information, and on the other hand, the connection with society and the improvement of the level of cultural and social interactions.

Originality/value: 

The findings of this study redefine the role of public libraries relying on the relevant components of the library architecture to create and develop a suitable platform for the social capital from this space. By changing the library strategies from the complex-oriented pattern to the interaction-oriented model, and redefinition of the spaces, in addition to preserving, publishing, and presenting various sources of knowledge, contemporary libraries should be the custodians and publishers of collective memory and participate in the relations between people and civil institutions. A good architectural design of library spaces should reflect their intentions and mission in our times. More importantly, the designed space should enable achievement of development goals.

Awareness of users' perceptions and interpretations of the information labels of the user interface of digital library of the NLAI. The present study was an applied research with a mixed method. Data were collected through a researcher-made questionnaire, interview, and observation. Through a exploratory method, participants were asked to spend considerable time and in-depth to examine the categories, elements, and labels used in the digital library website and to determine their understanding of the website labels in the online questionnaire in the form of a Likert scale. Then, the semi-structured interview technique was used to study users' perceptions and interpretations of the labels assigned to the elements on the website. The study population included users of the digital library of the NLAI, which was selected in two groups of novice users (clients) and advanced users (librarians) of 20 people (10 novice users and 10 advanced users). In order to validate the research results, Methodological angulation was used to increase the reliability of the research data. During this method, the researcher used several methods to collect data (using interviews with observation, exploratory study, and questionnaire), as well as all research strategies and steps with the necessary documentation at the time of data collection were recorded. Finally, after collecting the data, the researcher used the Member checking method. During this quality control process, the researcher asked the 7 participants to read the notes and the results of the data and express their opinion on the accuracy of the findings. Cronbach's alpha test (0.85) was used to ensure the reliability of the data collection tool and the possible problems of the questionnaire. SPSS software was used to analyze the research data. Content analysis and Excel software were used to analyze the interview data. The results showed that the final average of comprehensibility of labels and terms used in the website is over 50% and indicates a good understanding of the terms and labels used in the website to represent information categories, but some labels need to be changed and updated. Some terms are not very understandable from the users' point of view and need to be revised, such as: "review", "quick look", "typical classification", "source registration", "legal considerations", "main site", "texts", "Periodical" and "Collection". The friendliness and user-friendliness of the words on the website, and the ban on the use of specialized, complex, and ambiguous words were among the demands of the users. New terms and labels were suggested by users. The use of specialized library terminology on the website, intangible and abstract words and lack of sufficient explanations about labels, lack of a comprehensive guide, going into more detail, complications on the website, and inconsistency in the use of words for similar concepts are some of the problems that cause the user does not have a good browsing experience.

Risk assessment according to ISO 31000 standard is a systematic and logical process that includes identification, analysis and measurement. The risk identification process involves determining the type and source of potential risks. Risk analysis involves determining the estimated level of risks in terms of indices such as the probability and potential consequences of the risk. The measurement involves comparing the estimated levels of risks with respect to the analysis criteria and eventually the risk ranking. The present study aims to assess (identify, analyze and measure) the risks of professional expertise of human resources at digital libraries according to ISO 31000 standard. The present research is an applied nature and to implement it, survey and analytic methods have been applied with Shannon Entropy to weight risks and fuzzy TOPSIS to evaluate them. Primarily the most important risks were identified using the relevant resources and the results of previous researches, a process which led to the formulation of a questionnaire consisting of 38 items. First the demographic characteristics were described and the central statistical indices (mean and median) as well as the dispersion index (standard deviation) were examined. Next, using the weighted average index to the criteria defined by Shannon's entropy method and their application in TOPSIS software, positive and negative ideal options were determined. In the risk assessment stage, risks were prioritized by comparing the distance of each one from the positive and negative ideal options. The content validity and reliability equals 0.955 according to Cronbach's alpha test. 18 professional expertise risks were identified. Risk of having the necessary knowledge about semantic web languages and tools with the minimum distance from the positive ideal point by the value (0.0103) and the maximum distance from the negative ideal point by the value (0.104), and the maximum coefficient close to (0.9103) ranked first. It means that this risk has the closest distance to the ideal positive point and is the most important.Risk of employees' ability to provide digital reference services ranked 18th with the minimum distance from the negative ideal (0.0114) and the maximum distance from the positive ideal (0/1043), and the minimum proximity coefficient (0.0982). That is, it has the maximum distance from the positive ideal option and is the least important. Among the 18 risks of professional expertise of human resources at digital libraries identified, the risk of "having the necessary knowledge about semantic web languages ​​and tools" is the first priority. This reveals that the human resources of academic digital libraries are not in a good position in terms of up-to-date knowledge and modern information technologies and the semantic web that underlies ontologies and linked data, etc.

the purpose of the research was to redesign the user interface architecture of the digital library website of the National Library and Archives of Iran (NLAI(using the Card Sorting method in order to improve the structure and the desired retrieval. The present study is an applied research that used a multifaceted approach and various techniques such as interviewing, Think-aloud protocol and Card Sorting to redesign the user interface architecture of the digital library website of the NLAI. EXCEL and VISIO software were used to analyze the data, and Sort Optimal tool was used to analyze the data obtained from the Card Sorting. The results were read in the form of similarity matrix and dendrogram algorithm. The statistical population in this study included users of the digital library website of the NLAI, who were selected in two groups of novice users (clients) and advanced users (librarians). In order to validate the qualitative findings, the researcher triangulation method was used. Findings of the research, model and results obtained from the Card Sorting test, for evaluation, were provided to 7 experts, researchers and professors of library and information science who had the necessary experience, to give their expert opinion in the field of data analysis.

Results The similarity matrix findings showed that users grouped elements such as "Ask Us", "Legal Considerations", "Resource Registration", "Resource Donation", and "Technical Support" and so on. The findings of the Standardization Network also confirmed that users have included 10 times "Ask Us", 17 times "Resource Registration" and 6 times "Technical Support" in the menu of electronic services. Dendrogram findings also showed that a number of contributors expect to be able to select "source type" if necessary next to the search box, rather than independently reviewing individual digital resources. Cart sorting process analyzes showed that in addition to predefined categories, some new categories were suggested. These included "links to other digital libraries", "shared databases" and the "FAQ" category. The data and performance of users in this study showed that the current user interface of the digital library website is not user-friendly and users cannot quickly get what they are looking for. The card-sorting process generally acknowledged inconsistencies in how users perceived the labeling and organization of digital library website content. Interviews and think-aloud protocols with users also confirmed that the language used to name menus and information elements is currently not simple and user-friendly. User categories in the card-sorting process for designing the user interface architecture also showed that there are elements in the website that users do not need, and conversely, there are important elements that are not included in the website. In the simulated information architecture, based on the findings of the interview and the participation of users in the Card Sorting process, an attempt was made to design the proposed user interface somewhat similar to other user interfaces (OPAC and Rasa software). In the proposed model, while paying attention to the demands and expectations of users, the simplicity of the pages, the most important point has been observed.

The field of digital library in today's world is diversified and developed and has an interdisciplinary nature. So that the study in its various aspects is always evaluated as one of the important topics in scientific fields and can be the origin of important researches. The purpose of this study is to investigate and plot the intellectual structure of knowledge in the field of digital library in the world using a co-word analysis.

This research is a type of applied scientometric studies that uses co-word analysis and network analysis. The statistical population was all researches in the field of digital library in the web of science database, which is equal to 5655 records in total. Vosviewer, Netdraw, SPSS and Bibexecl software were also used to analyze and plot the network.

The results showed that the keywords digital library, information retrieval and library are the most frequent words and the most pairs of words are digital library and information retrieval. The co-word network includes six clusters called knowledge management and digital library, storage and retrieval of digital resources, interaction between digital and non-digital environments and e-learning, electronic resources and media, virtual screening and medical data analysis. The network density is .24 and the average centrality index is .663. The co-word network of the digital library field showed that the keyword digital library is the most central term and plays the main role of this network. The density of the network is .1290, which is not in a favorable condition. This case shows that the sub-domains within the clusters and inter-cluster connections, or the lack of research orientation to the technical issues of content, software and services as the three main elements of digital libraries and single domain. There is a lack of balance between theoretical and applied interdisciplinary research in this field. These findings are consistent with the research results of others. Of course, the low density of the network also indicates that the subjects of the library field have been researched more in a specialized way and less communication has been established between these fields, which is one of the weaknesses of this field. According to the strategic diagram, knowledge management clusters and digital libraries and digital screening are developed clusters and play a pivotal role. The electronic resources and media cluster, although pivotal, is underdeveloped and immature. Other subject clusters are marginal clusters and are emerging topics that have not been sufficiently researched.  In general, the results of this research showed that most of the researches in the field of digital library of the world have been done in the subjects of information retrieval, university libraries, user studies, internet and copyright. Considering that the network density of the digital library field is low, it is clear that researchers have neglected its interdisciplinary fields and the subjects of this field have little connection with each other. By reviewing the clusters obtained, it is concluded that the clusters of knowledge management, digital library and virtual screening have the central role of researches and most of the researches are carried out in this field and on the other hand, despite the fact that the clusters of storing and retrieving digital resources, human and environment interaction. Digital and electronic learning are one of the main and important topics in the field of digital library, they are emerging, marginal and underdeveloped topics, and researchers should direct most of their research in this direction so that these fields also reach a favorable state. In general, the structure of the intellectual network of the digital library field is fragmented, and in order to create a link between the structure of this network, researches should be removed from being single-domain and theoretical and applied interdisciplinary researches should be conducted.

To evaluate the usability of the digital library of the National Library and Archives of Iran (NLAI) based on user experience.

A heuristic mixed method (convergent parallel approach) was used. To evaluate the usability of the digital library, a multifaceted approach was adopted and various techniques were used, including usability test, questionnaires, interview, observation, and Think-aloud protocol.  Eight tasks were defined for users to identify their path, problems and challenges, their confusion in the path, and the so-called pain points and ambiguous words of the website. SPSS software was used for quantitative data analysis and MaxQda software for qualitative interview data analysis. The systematic observation was carried out using Faststone and Ocam softwares. Two groups including novice users (clients) and advanced (librarians) participated in the study. Qualitative content analysis was used to analyze the oCam collected from interviews. In order to validate the findings, the Methodological Triangulation method and Lincoln and Cuba criteria were used.

Paying attention to the average of tasks performed by novice users (clients) and advanced (librarians) showed that registering a new user account took the most amount of time (more than 6 minutes). The overall average difficulty and ease of completing tasks without separating the two groups of users showed that Task 5 with an average of 3.45 and Task 2 with an average of 3.35 were the most difficult tasks, while Task 8 with an average of 2.25, was the easiest. Feedbacks received from novice and advanced users about the usability of evaluation criteria of the digital library (satisfaction rate, ease of operation, ease of navigation, site attractiveness, layout of information elements, etc.) showed that some components did not receive the average score of 3. For example, organizing website information with an average of 1.70, and visually attractiveness with an average of 2.10 are not desirable from the point of view of advanced users. Monitoring the level of user satisfaction with NLAI’s digital library showed that only 30% of novice users and 10% of advanced users were satisfied with their performance on the website. Numerous problems and challenges were reported during the completion of the tasks defined for the users. These challenges include complexity of processes (complex resource search process; registration process complexity; and search fields), poor understanding of site tags and concepts, arrangement of site elements, redundancy and multiplicity of options, visual appearance of the site, inappropriate retrieval, technical issues, inconsistencies, collection, and access constraints, wasted user time, variety of resource formats, and digital resource display.

Comparing the means of the two groups of novice and advanced users indicates that advanced users spend more time performing their tasks. Paying attention to the unsuccessful attempts between the two user groups and comparing them with each other showed that the rate of unsuccessful attempts was higher among advanced users than novice users. Advanced users were more unsuccessful because of the strategies and perceptions they had of the search. They naturally tended to use advanced search instead of simple search. This perception led to an increase in the number of unsuccessful attempts, as the advanced search of the digital library was very confusing.

Scientific publications are among the most important indicators for evaluating the development of scientific fields in different countries. Assessment of scientific output is necessary. The purpose of this study is to identify the status of Iranian scientific publications produced in the field of digital library.

This research is applied and an analytic survey. The research method was bibliometrics. Statistical population of the research included articles and abstracts of theses that have been published in the field of digital libraries during the years 2007- 2018. Data gathering instrument was a check list. Descriptive statistics and Excel software have been used to analyze the data.

The findings showed that most of the scientific producers belonged to digital library field, from the educational degree viewpoints, MA degree and in affiliation, Islamic Azad University of Hamadan and the gender was man. In scientific cooperation, most of the articles were written in groups. The most active authors were Yaghoob Nourouzi, Mehdi Alipour Hafezi and Ramatallh Fattahi. Highly-considered research kind was analytic–descriptive survey and the most-used keyword was digital library. The most active thesis supervisors of this field were Mehdi Alipour Hafezi (13), Yaghoob Nouruzi (9) and Esmat Moneni (4).

By analyzing research in the field of digital libraries, it can be concluded that surveys were dominant and good theoretical and practical research has been presented. But in some areas such as knowledge organization, processing systems, conceptual patterns, knowledge representation, interoperability and web content have been less or seldom surveyed; therefore, it is necessary that the researchers and the experts of digital library field should have more efforts to produce the related resources.

Information and communication technology has led to the emergence of a new generation of libraries called digital libraries. These libraries need specialized and trained staff to provide services to users. In developed countries, independent curricula have been designed and implemented to train librarians. In Iran, medical librarians do not have the appropriate training to provide services in digital libraries.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive type. In this article, in order to meet the needs of medical librarians with a qualitative approach (comparative method and Delphi technique), the digital medical library program was designed.

The content of the digital library master's degree curriculum was first searched in Spain, Sweden, the United States and the joint international curriculum of Italy, Norway and Estonia. The content of the curriculum was studied. . The credits of each program and the amount of subscriptions and differences in each curriculum were determined. Then, the selected courses from these programs as well as the opinions of experts in this field were reached and ranked by the faculty members of the Iranian Library and Medical Information Departments by Delphi Durandeh.

Finally, inspired by the elements of the curriculum in the mentioned countries and the opinions of the faculty members of the curriculum, the digital medical library was designed. The results of this article can be a guide for curriculum designers in the Ministry of Health and Medical Education Be.

 the present study examines the current status of the use of ontologies in the digital library area through the analysis of studies in this field.

The present research is a qualitative study using the meta-synthesis method. In order to collect data in this study, the library method, and to analyze data the seventh-step process of Sandelowski & Barroso for meta-synthesis was used. The research population of the study includes related studies (articles and dissertations) in the area of ontology applications in digital libraries retrieved from scientific databases. CASP evaluation checklist was used to ensure the quality of the studies. Finally, out of 267 retrieved studies, 43 titles were selected and analyzed.

Analysis of studies in the area of ontology application in the digital library led to the identification of 4 categories, 8 components, and 48 dimensions in this field. The main categories include the application of ontology in digital library services, the application of ontology in digital library structures, the basis of ontology application in digital libraries, and the application of ontologies in covering the subject domain of digital libraries.

 In this study, which seems to have never been done before, a comprehensive analysis of the field of ontology application in digital libraries, the current situation and its dimensions were presented. Also, by clarifying the topics that have been less addressed, new research subjects were provided for researchers in this field.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of marketing mixes and their impact on traffic and rank of the website of Iranian digital libraries.

The present study was applied in a descriptive and survey-oriented way. The research population consisted of 23 digital libraries in Iran that qualified, had the appropriate software, had information resources and officially set up the library. T

The results of the study showed that the number of marketing mixes used in the digital libraries was less than average. Among the studied libraries, the Digital Light Library, the Astan Quds Razavi digital library, and the Digital Library of the Tobayan ranked first to third in terms of the use of marketing mixes to improve performance.

The results of this study showed that the use of marketing mixes has a positive relationship with the number of libraries. In other words, the more libraries have met marketing mixes, the more hits they have seen.