جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « برنامه ریزی محله محور » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

In recent decades, attention to the two categories of neighborhood-oriented and community-oriented regeneration of communities in planning according to the current facilities and conditions has increased among urban planners. Neighborhoods, as a small region that has its mechanisms, requires special planning and planning. The purpose of this research is to review two approaches of neighborhood-oriented planning and community-oriented regeneration. The research method is descriptive-analytical. To collect information, library, documentary, and digital sources have been used. The results of the research indicate that there is harmony between the two approaches of neighborhood-oriented planning and community-oriented regeneration of urban communities. In such a way that the category of paying attention to the wishes and needs of everyone is raised as a basic and decisive principle in both approaches. Participatory planning, public education/education for social change, and asset-based development are considered the most important basic theories in the neighborhood-oriented planning approach. Also, strategic planning based on the landscape determined by local communities, Reaching a general agreement resulting from the cooperation of neighborhood communities, and finally, the participation and leadership of interest groups in the process of urban regeneration are determined as the most important components of community-oriented urban regeneration. In general, it can be said that today's urban planners must take advantage of neighborhood-oriented management and also recreate urban communities based on a community-oriented approach with the cooperation of local management components (local people, local investors, group local authorities, and local planning officials) to think of solutions to achieve democratic urban societies.

Neighborhood-oriented planning is a relatively new approach that improves public services in urban management. Applying this approach in the planning process, more than anything else, requires appropriate social capital, cohesion and integration of residents in a neighborhood community, and strengthening the foundations and contexts of neighborhood identity. The present research has examined the role of the neighborhood-oriented approach in order to improve social capital in Qanat Kosar neighborhood located in the 4th district of Tehran. The research method is descriptive-analytical and practical in terms of purpose. By reviewing the related texts, indicators and sub-branches of the concept of neighborhood-oriented planning were extracted. Based on the mentioned indicators, the required questions were proposed and by conducting in-depth interviews with 16 people living in the neighborhood and reaching theoretical saturation, the necessary data for analysis were obtained. By using the contextual theory approach and performing three stages of coding (open, central and selective) the final categories were extracted and placed in the framework of causal, contextual, intervention, interactions/strategies and consequences. Based on these cases, a paradigm diagram of the underlying theory was presented and the final theory was obtained in order to improve social capital with a neighborhood-oriented planning approach. The results show that increasing the quality of urban spaces and improving the current situation of the neighborhood, fair distribution of service and welfare facilities, increasing interactions, empowering the neighborhood council, and gaining the trust and participation of residents are among the most important strategies to increase social capital and provide the basis for achieving sustainable neighborhood development in Qanat Kosar neighborhood.

In the form of a participatory, democratic process, neighborhood development has been the focus of sustainable urban neighborhood development programs for the past decades. In this regard, the aim of the current research is to investigate effective solutions in promoting people's participation in neighborhood planning. his research is descriptive-analytical. Its data has been collected by documentary and field method (questionnaire made by the researcher from the residents of the 14 districts). The findings of Friedman's analysis show that the factors of delegating responsibility to citizens with an average of 6.57, awareness of plans and projects with 5.33, trust in the municipality with 5.16, feeling of belonging to a place with 4.76, satisfaction with municipal services, 4.76 They are the most important factors in the participation of citizens in the neighborhoods. The results of multivariate correlation, the value of the coefficient between the set of independent variables and the dependent variable of the research (neighborhood participation) is 0.689, which indicates a strong correlation between the variables. Spatial analysis shows social participation in 14 districts that Dolab neighborhood with a score of 0.600, Gozpayin Dolab neighborhood with 0.602, Nurse neighborhood with a score of 0.752, and Shkoufeh neighborhood with a score of 0.734 are respectively the most favorable and unfavorable neighborhoods in terms of social participation indicators among the neighborhoods.

Walking is one of the main components of the urban transportation system. In developing countries, little attention has been paid to this issue. Therefore, like other components of the urban transportation system, serious attention should be paid to walking and its problems. Appropriate solutions should be provided to organize the space for walking in the city and the neighborhood, which is more important than providing the necessary safety. The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between walking rate with emphasis on neighborhood-based planning and anxiety symptoms of Tuyserkan citizens. The statistical population of the study is all residents of Tuyserkan neighborhoods. And the research method is practical and 23spss software has been used to analyze the data. . In order to perform sampling, cluster random sampling method was used. Finally, using Cochran's formula and screening stage, according to the conditions of entering the study on experiments, which included the necessary scores in the general health test and non-implementation of research with Considering the probability of falling 30 people was calculated as the sample size. Therefore, 30 residents with the above conditions who were living in Tuyserkan city in 1397-1396 were selected by accident, 15 people were in the experimental group and 15 were in the control group. According to data analysis and test hypotheses, the research was determined. And the results of the statistical population survey of the residents of Tuyserkan neighborhoods with regard to walking and emphasis on neighborhood-based planning have an effect on reducing "anxiety symptoms" (the effect size is about 59%).

The purpose of this research is to analyze the indicators of neighborhood-based planning in sustainable urban development. The dimensions of sustainable development are identified and their implications are studied. The analysis was performed using combined method .The statistical population of this research was composed of experts and authorities in urban planning and partly the local people. The most sustainable development index coefficients in neighborhood-based planning were related to housing price with a coefficient of 0.426 (0.001), community participation with a value of 0.552 (0.001), income with a value of 0.633 (0.001) and housing and built environment with a value of 0.758 (0.0001). The results also showed that the significance level of gender and sustainable development indicators was 0.156 (more than 0.05), which indicated no significant relationship between these two variables. The results also showed that there was a significant difference between the age and the indicators of sustainable development of respondents in Golpa neighborhood of 0.000 (less than 0.05). The correlation coefficient between these two variables was estimated to be 0.507, indicating a moderate to direct correlation between the two variables.

Since the middle of 1980s to today more attention of urban management has been attracted to local capacity, organizational and institutional development and consequently movement from centralized management to local management. So, it is necessary to "Using neighborhood capacity" and "Redefining the role of citizens and actors of urban management" in urban areas and also understanding of "Participatory Planning" and its functions at local levels, and is helped to formation and implementation of new pattern of urban management at districts level as management based on neighborhood. This paper aims to answer this question that how could obtain to optimal and stable management of urban districts by participatory planning approach? To answer this question, librarian (documental) and field (survey) data collecting methods was used, that in librarian method using plug research and in field method using questionnaire tool as Likert Spectrum, required information was collected. Statistical society of this study based on Cochran Formula was in Zafaraniyeh, Velenjak, Dezashib, Golaabdare and Emamzadeh Ghasem that was choosed random. Field data was collected after simplify and classification and coding, introduced to SPSS and then using descriptive statistics (average, variance, standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient, T test one sample) analyses data and answered to research question. Results from field observation and statistical tests shows that there is relation between people participatory and urban management based on neighborhood and by interfering of people in make decisions, feasible and stable management of urban area will obtain.

According to statistics, nearly half of the world population living in urban areas are expected to increase in the coming decades as well. One of the main approaches in the field of sustainability, urban revival and renewal approach is stressed. The approach of reconstruction, rehabilitation, modernization and redevelopment of urban renewal and regeneration evolved in this way, regardless of the area of the body, according to field observations emphasize the social, economic, cultural and art has experienced. This urban renewal urbanism as an action within the tissue can have a variety of dimensions and directions. The present study aimed to achieve community -based planning and urban renewal of old neighborhoods with an emphasis on the social capital of communities and respond to the question is, That, in what could be an appropriate approach to intervention in the old neighborhood stabilization of the Golan Hamedan provided ? In this study, for the purpose of research, using descriptive analysis and studies were carried out through field visits and interviews with residents, and surveys national documents, With the benefit of Spearman and multivariable regression tests and SWOT analysis also recognized the challenges, weaknesses, opportunities and strengths. And on the variables affecting the stability of the social, economic , physical and environmental, as well as variables related to social capital have tried to recreate how stable the Golan neighborhood Hamedan provide a comprehensive and integrated program, that If the approach to regeneration, community -based, integrated, comprehensive and strategic, then reinvented itself sustainable approach will be achieved

Neighborhoods, as one of the key elements of city management and a symbol of the traditional Islamic city have been considered to date for planners. Urban neighborhoods division has changed from the Islamic period to the contemporary period. Neighborhoods Division in the past has based on social and economic indicators but contemporary neighborhoods divisions based on physical, political and economic indices. The region 1 of Tehran which includes the old deformed villages and new urban neighborhoods that faces with the problems of new neighborhood division such as social segregation, spatial separation within the neighborhood, land clutter and constraint of services. Use descriptive and analytical methods used in the multi-criteria method (TOPSIS) is used to guard neighborhoods studied. The results of TOPSIS reflects the fact that Among the components of Mvrdsnjsh in between neighborhood residents and authorities, social and cultural characteristics have the most important role in border areas Integrating them with indicators of political, administrative and economic framework that will bring more efficiency in border areas. The result of his research after the studying and analysis in neighborhoods divisions changes in region 1 of Tehran municipality especially in Gheytariye and Darake neighborhood is suggested the creation of sub neighborhoods model with observation of social and cultural cohesion. Modulation of social and cultural Indices with administrative and political Indices has more efficiency in neighborhoods divisions. In neighborhoods boundaries is important the consideration of local conditions, emphasizing the natural elements (river valleys and mountains), the common features of cultural inhabitants, the socio-economic characteristics of neighborhoods, common material and spiritual interests, identity signs and consider the public participation in determining the limit of neighborhood.

Feel the need to contribute of neighborhood residents in process of improvement projects and their cooperation for the realization according to residents and reduce the displacement of people from the neighborhood، that sometimes without back، which causes the formation of this research. Theory and current trends associated with the development of a neighborhood shows how neighborhood social advantage over other aspects of its. So instead of spending a few experts on neighborhood needs and structural design، planning and the interaction step and management، based on empowerment، emphasis on human resources and social capital and collaborative partnership residents of neighborhoods has been emphasized. Given two main concepts of social capital and participation of community-oriented planning،the main question of this research is whether Social capital can enhance the willingness of residents to participate in projects to improve the performance level of neighborhoods? This study explore the relationship between social capital and residents willing to participate in local development plans in Sanglaj of Tehran. «Social capital» and «the desire of residents to participate in neighborhood development projects» are variables of this study. This study has been done in one of the neighborhoods of old Tehran، that has very low quality of housing. The Study space، is part of a historical figure in Tehran and is located in 12 district. Selected area adjacent with Tehran market and has its characteristic identity. Theoretical bases: Studies have shown absence of local residents in projects that prepared for their space life caused people to look at projects and programs as lonely، and planner do not have any familiarity with the issues and needs of residents are considered. The concept of community-oriented planning is new approach in urban planning program، is based on social engineering with the aim of bringing together various groups concerned and public attention to their needs and demands in the formulation of programs. On this approach planning and management focusing on Empowerment-based، asset-based approach، focusing on human resources and social capital and collective participation of neighborhood residents. Social development of sites، is a process based on voluntary participation among residents of a neighborhood، in order to improve physical conditions، social and economic. «Bullen says in this process is important to point out that social capital is a prerequisite for local development» and without social capital، neighborhood development would not be practical. (Bullen، 1999:26). Social capital that is an important elements of community-oriented planning، is defined as: social capital، like other forms of capital، is productive. This means it make possible certain goals that are not achieved in the absence of it. For example، the group that there are loyalty and trust among its members can do more things compared with other groups that there are no trust and loyalty among its members. Neighborhood participation in planning: currently، participation in urban development projects is the icon of urban success and also its one of the evaluation criteria of city''s performance management system. The participation in urban can be defined as participate and the serious presence، active، conscious، voluntary and well-organized and effective of urban unit community means the people، families، groups، institutions، organizations and public and private sectors in urban in economic activities، social، cultural for the urban community''s collective goals. Correlation analysis of indicators of social capital and participation what can be concluded as follows. Results of Pearson statistical correlation techniques Shows that totaly there is a significant and positive relationship between the variables social capital indicators (norms، security، integrity and trust) and participation. The correlation 0. 396 was calculated. This means that enhance or improving any indicators of social capital، household participation in community improvement projects، is also increasing. The regression testing shows that About 16 percent of the variance of the dependent variable (willingness to participation) by four independent indicators of trust، norms، security and integrity is predictable or in other words about 16 percent of the variance of the dependent variable (tend to participation) investigated with independent variables. (R Square = 0،161). (Sig = 0. 000). The research hypotheses test: Test results show that there are significant levels of correlation between participation (the dependent variable) and independent variables (social capital). (Significant level was equal to 0. 000). and the correlation was 0. 396. The increasing of social capital cause increase of tend to participation in the community. This means that probably 99 percent increasing of social capital will increase residents participation in community development projects and improving performance and will be realize the principle of community-oriented planning. The hypothesis test confirm the relationship between social capital and residents tend to participation and this relationship is quite significant. The article results show that Promotion of social capital creates a positive attitude to the environment and the neighborhood. And this positive attitude can be an efficient source of many social interactions، such as social participation. Partnership who as facilitator of Neighborhood development، is an essential element of this process. Although in this study the effect of this relationship is not very wonderful but it can still acceptable and will rely on. 5– Suggestions Since the promotion of social capital creates a positive attitude to the environment and the neighborhood and this positive attitude can be an efficient source of many social interactions، such as social participation، this relationship can be significant from the viewpoint of urban planning. Social participation as a facilitator of community development، is the essential elements in this process. In order to develop a neighborhood، urban space should be revived; It means the open spaces formed to increases the public face communication. The city council and outdoor Leisure centers that by its citizens are organized especially youth، and decision making about local affairs، spontaneous to form the right cycle that promote the place and Increase the quality of the environment، resulting in increased social presence of people in the urban environment and it will increases environmental and social quality.