جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "روش ترکیبی" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

The main goal of the current research is to investigate and analyze the attitude of local residents towards the sustainable development of rural tourism to identify the opportunities and challenges of this type of tourism, which has been done with the case study of the villages of Alborz province. The research method is mixed, which uses the qualitative method of the research object in the first stage and the quantitative survey method in the second stage. The approach of the present research is sequential exploratory. The data collection tools are semi-structured interviews in the first stage and questionnaires in the second stage. According to the research findings in the qualitative phase, the experts and informants were selected using the purposeful sampling method, and finally, by aggregating 31 interviews, 134 raw propositions were extracted, which were extracted using the three-axis coding method in the form of open codes. They were classified as central and selective. Finally, among 134 raw propositions, 70 open codes, 21 core codes, and six selective codes were obtained. In the quantitative stage, analyzes were performed using SPSS26 and SmartPLS3 soft-ware. According to the quantitative findings of the obtained values, it was found that among the dimensions, the socio-cultural dimension has high values. According to the research results, the sus-tainable development of rural tourism will contribute to the qualitative development, organization, and management of rural tourism and attract investment in the tourism industry.

Spa tourism or hydrotherapy is one of the oldest and most attractive types of tourism and is still implemented today with different approaches and methods. The city of Sareyn, which is one of the most important cities providing Spa tourism services in Iran, has been considered as the subject of this research. The main goal of the current research is to develop a model for evaluating the performance of Spa tourism destination, which for the first time uses the perspective of both the expert community and the host community. The current research is mixed in nature, which used the qualitative method of expert panel in the first phase and the quantitative survey method in the second phase. The tool for collecting information in the first phase is semi-structured interviews and in the second phase, a questionnaire. In the first phase, two groups of experts and the local community of Sareyn city were used to count the indicators and components by using the Convenience and Purposive sampling method; Then, in the second phase, using stratified sampling, 31 experts expressed their opinions regarding the extracted cases. The resulting data were analyzed using SPSS26 and Smart PLS4 software. According to the findings of the research, 142 raw propositions were extracted, which were categorized into 84 key codes, 34 integrative and 5 overarching codes using the King and Harrocks coding method. In the quantitative phase, all the indicators and components were approved and generalized by selected experts. According to the results of the present research, the evaluation of the performance of the spa tourism destination can provide information regarding the existing gaps and gaps while considering the capacities and potentials of the destination. This category makes the evaluation of the activities that lead to the creation of a competitive advantage in t..

The sustainable development of rural areas is one of the main programs of governments, which has been receiving attention for a long time. Sustainable development in villages can bring a lot of benefits in different economic, social, political, etc. dimensions. The main goal of the current research is to identify and prioritize effective approaches in order to create sustainable development in rural areas. The current research method is mixed, which investigates the issue using a sequential exploratory approach. In the first phase, the qualitative method of the focus group was used, and the corresponding codes were extracted by using semi-structured interviews and forming three consecutive groups. Then, in the second phase, each of the themes and indicators was prioritized using the quantitative weighting assignment (WA) method. The participants of both phases were from the academic and executive fields, and the first phase, used the purposive sampling method; in the second phase, interviews and questionnaires were collected using the stratified sampling method. According to the research findings, 134 primary codes, 46 key codes, 20 integrative codes, and 4 overarching categories were extracted, which are the main components and indicators of sustainable development in rural areas, which are considered as development bridges. From the results of the present research, the importance of supporting entrepreneurship and rural empowerment projects; providing long-term and easily accessible banking facilities and services; Rural strategic planning and management; and Improving the mechanism and necessary fields for attracting capital in the rural environment pointed out that they can provide favorable conditions for the implementation of various plans and projects in order to create sustainable development in rural areas.

In recent years, rural areas have become important places with great potential to create significant synergies to achieve sustainable rural development. However, in achieving sustainable rural development, there are obstacles that must be scientifically and carefully investigated and implemented. In most developing countries, the Rural Development Degree (RDD) largely reflects the degree of socio-economic development and national modernization. According to the latest statistics announced by Iran Statistics Center, about 74 percent of the country's population lives in urban areas and less than 26 percent in rural areas. These official statistics show that despite the excessive migration to cities and the existence of numerous problems in the villages, nearly 30 percent of the country's population still lives in the villages, and paying attention to the sustainable development of these areas is one of the main needs of these areas.For a long time, rural areas have been considered the most important economic activity for centuries. For this reason, many countries are trying to create sustainable development in villages by adopting different strategies and programs. Rural development is a set of activities and actions of different actors - individuals, organizations, and groups - which together lead to progress in rural areas. Therefore, in this research, the main goal is to identify and prioritize effective solutions to create sustainable development in rural areas, which takes place in the context of development and related concepts.

The current research is applied in terms of purpose and of a mixed type. The approach used in it is a sequential exploratory approach that is carried out in two qualitative and quantitative phases. Thus, in the first phase, using the qualitative method of "focus group", through semi-structured interviews, the desired information is collected and categorized in the form of themes; Then in the second phase, that is, the quantitative phase; Using the quantitative Weighting Assignment (WA) Method, each of the themes have been approved or rejected by experts. Due to the limitations of access to some experts and the spread of the coronavirus, the online focus group method was used in this research, and the interviews were collected in the online environment of one of the social applications. Semi-structured interviews were collected between May 2021 and April 2022. The geographical area under study is the villages of Alborz province, and each of the experts has full knowledge about the characteristics of this province and most of its villages. Three main categories were involved in these groups. The first group includes 6 experts in the field of urban and rural management and planning; The second group consists of 5 experts in public administration and sustainable development, and the third group, which is a collective group, consists of 8 experts in geography, urban and rural planning, and village executives who have executive and academic experience in this field in each of the interviews, the raw data were extracted independently and the initial reflections were discussed and using the "three-axis coding framework" in accordance with the inductive approach (moving from part to whole), the process of coding and extracting themes began, and continued until the theoretical saturation stage.

In the first phase, themes and indicators were extracted using semi-structured interviews. The main topic of each interview was done with reference to rural development evaluation indicators. And each of the interviews of the first, second, and third categories were conducted and analyzed in line with these axes. The time of each interview was 1 to 2 hours, which was recorded and transcribed. The reason for using semi-structured interviews was that the researcher used a semi-structured interview guide with pre-planned instructions to ensure that the same main questions were asked for all groups. Also, the index items of rural development evaluation were given to the relevant experts before the start of the focus group meeting. Finally, 134 primary or raw codes, 46 key codes, 20 Integrative codes, and 4 overarching codes were extracted.After collecting the interviews; According to the three-axis coding framework, primary codes are extracted first, and then it is time to categorize the centralized codes and finally systematic coding. In the following, the themes (components) and indicators of creating sustainable development in rural areas are stated. It should be noted that the indicators are the result of systematic coding, And the components or themes are the result of the classification of systematic codes. Four main themes or components have been identified with 20 related indicators, which are the components and indicators of creating sustainable development in rural areas, according to the quantitative phase, all the components were approved by the experts.

Achieving the sustainable development of rural areas is not only a big challenge for the development of rural areas, but also the vision and goal of the future development of rural areas, especially for our country, Iran, where a large number of its population lives in villages. The above themes and indicators, each of which can play a role as bridges for sustainable rural development, suggest different approaches in this field. In relation to smart rural governance and grassroots people, which was raised as one of the main themes; In our country, it has been emphasized many times that the crisis is lurking in the villages and good governance should be the priority of the government. Sustainable rural development, while creating such economic and social structures that can generate income for residents, meet their diverse approaches and needs, and improve access to public goods and services, and at the same time, the negative effects of phenomena such as weak rural economy, unemployment, migration unreasonably reduce the cities and even old and new theories confirm these things. Sustainable rural development can be developed in different ways. According to the first theme, the smart village is one of the things that seems to be useful in the current conditions of the country.

Today, education is recognized as a key factor in the process of comprehensive growth and development of societies It is the basis of development as a whole. Expanding and improving educationcan help reduce inequality in society and accelerate the development process.The purpose of the research is to explain the educational development in the cities of Kurdistan province. The present research is applied and its implementation method isanalytical-descriptive.The statistical population is the cities of Kurdistan province. According to the purpose of studying the educational development of Kurdistan province, 20educational indicators including entropy model for weighting, scattering coefficient to determine the scattering of indices, two models SAW and SAR and a combined method for leveling and determining the extent of enjoyment Cities were used. Due to the fact that in the research, two models were used to level the cities and because the rank of some cities was variable, the combined method was used to Merge the results. The results show that 40% of the cities are Relatively enjoyed (Sarvabad, Bijar, Qorveh and Dehgolan), 50% are Half enjoyed (Kamyaran, Divandere, Marivan, Sanandaj and Saqez) and Baneh is Relatively deprived These results indicate inequalityamong cities in having an educational index. Among the 20 research indicators, the highest differences and inequalities were related to the ratio of staff to students in primary school and the ratio of educational facilities to students in junior high school, respectively, and the lowest were related to the ratio of those admitted to junior high school, respectively. The total number of junior high school students and the ratio of those admitted to the junior high school to the total number of junior high school students is According to the results, it was found that there is inequality between the cities of the province in having indicators of educational development.

The outbreak of the corona virus was a widespread crisis that affected all geographical areas. Many countries implemented various measures and strategies, one of the most successful and up-to-date being green zoning. Green zoning is one of the zoning methods in different geographical areas that is dynamic and temporary and by implementing different mechanisms and strategies, minimizes the problems and risks caused by the corona epidemic. The main purpose of this study is to present a green zoning approach to deal with the challenges of the Corona epidemic in the health tourism areas of spa cities. The approach used in research, is a sequential exploratory approach that uses the qualitative method of thematic analysis in the first phase and the quantitative survey method in the second phase. The main tool used in the qualitative phase is a semi-structured interview and in the quantitative phase is a questionnaire, which was extracted from 11 experts in the qualitative phase and 23 in the quantitative phase, respectively, relevant information and data. According to the research findings, in the qualitative phase of the semi-structured interviews, 67 indicators were identified, from which 22 basic themes, 8 organizing themes and 3 global themes were extracted. In the quantitative phase, the weight and importance of the studied indicators were studied and analyzed using Shannon entropy and fuzzy TOPSIS techniques. From the results of the present study, we can identify the dimensions and indigenous components of this type of zoning, which were obtained using the opinions of experts and scientific methods. Also, pointed to the situation of the cities at the foot of Sabalan Mountain, which in terms of the obtained indicators, the city of Sarein is in a favorable or good range and according to the components of green zoning, can work to provide health tourism services.

Today, the tourism industry has become one of the largest services industry in the world in terms of revenue generation. The expansion of the tourism industry, in addition to its significant impact on the broader economic dimensions, such as job opportunities, income generation, poverty reduction and welfare, has a major role in promoting national identity, social security and social justice. In this research, the present paper seeks to investigate how infrastructure influences on security, economic, socio-cultural, environmental pollution, health services and the mutual effects of these factors on each other. This research is applied in terms of its purpose and emphasizes the combined strategy of a sequential exploration. Accordingly, a quantitative (ISM) method was then applied quantitatively (survey). The statistical population consisted of all travelers and experts in tourism and experts, using stratified random sampling method and within simple random classes. The sample size is calculated using the Morgan table, and thus, a sample of 384 people is considered. The research findings indicate confirmation of research hypotheses. Among them, the infrastructure with a coefficient of 0.94 has the greatest impact on security factors and economic factors with a coefficient of 0.23 have the least effect on environmental pollution

Groundwater is the main source of fresh water in Bilverdi plain aquifer. The groundwater level declination in this aquifer has increased salinity and recently, more withdrawals have been forbidden. This aquifer exposes to high pollution risk due to presence of Vallilu arsenic mine. In this study the DRASTIC and SINTACS methods combined to assess Bilverdi aquifer vulnerability, The correlation coefficient between nitrate concentration in groundwater and vulnerability index results showed that although SINTACS method have relatively better performance due to high correlation coefficient rather than drastic method, but selection of one methods as a best model do not seem reasonable due to similarity of the performances. Therefore, this study reaps advantages of both DRASTIC and SINTACS methods to evaluate vulnerability of Bilverdi plain aquifer. Based on this proposed method 36% of the area in plain center is located in low vulnerability area, 20% in the northeastern and southwest regions have high vulnerability and 43% of the area covered medium vulnerability.
Introduction Groundwater pollution due to increasing population, industrial and agricultural development need treatment which is costly and problematic. Therefore, The best and most important action is to identify vulnerable areas. Infiltration and release of pollutants from ground surface to groundwater can be defined as the concept of vulnerability. Bilverdi plain is one of the most active agricultural, livestock and industry sectors in which agricultural fertilizers are used. In addition, occurrence of Valilu arsenic mine and the probability of the impact of mine drainage on groundwater resources show the necessity of the aquifer vulnerability assessment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the vulnerability of Bilverdi plain aquifer to determine areas with high potential of groundwater contamination using DRASTIC and SINTACS methods. combination method was suggested to reap the advantages of both methods to assess the vulnerability of this aquifer.
Methodology The Bilverdi sub-basin, 289 km2 in area, is located approx. 65 km of Tabriz city, Eest Azerbaijan, Iran. In this study, Bilverdi plain vulnerability was considered with a new combination approach. DRASTIC method is a quantitative model that is designed to estimate the potential of groundwater system pollution in a regional scale based on seven hydrological parameters including groundwater depth (D), recharge (R), aquifer media (A), soil (S), topography (T), impact of unsaturated zone (I) and the hydraulic conductivity (C). These layers are overlaid by weighting based on Aller et al. (1987) to generate vulnerability map.
The type and the number of parameters of the SINTACS method is also the same as to the DRASTIC method, but the rating and weighting of the parameters are different. Both methods have high predictive capability despite the similar correlation index. Choosing each of the methods as a superior method increases the uncertainty in the results. Therefore, in this study, for the simultaneous used efficiency of the both model, the combined model was presented to obtain accurate results.
Results and Discussion The vulnerability maps were obtained by overlaying seven parameters of SINTACS and DRASTIC methods in the Arc GIS environment. The DRASTIC index for Bilverdi plain is numerically between 53 and 160. According to Aller classification, three groups of vulnerability including low (53-97), medium (98-141) and high (160-414) corresponded to 13%, 82% and 5% of the area, respectively The SINTACS index is numerically between 70 and 169, which is divided into three groups: low (116-70), medium (117-164) and high (169-164) vulnerability and they are corresponded to 30%, 67% and 3% of the area, respectively.
Correlation index (CI) of both methods show the similarity of them. Therefore, normalized vulnerability index of both methods are weighted by their CI values to generate combination method. The vulnerability index of combination method was obtained from 0. 00005 to 0. 96, which was classified into three groups: low vulnerability (0.52-0.00005), medium (0.69-0.50) and high (0.96-0.96) which was corresponded to 36.5%, 43.5% and 20% of the area, respectively.
Conclusion In this study, SINTACS and DRASTIC methods developed to assess groundwater vulnerability maps. According to results similarity of these methods, combination method adopted to reap the advantages of both methods. Presented method was indicated better results. In the Northeast and Southwest region of the Bilverdi plain, high vulnerability area located in the low groundwater depths areas and in the central areas of the plain, the vulnerability is low due to the presence of fine silt and clay grains. Advantages of both methods are adopted by combination method to cover disadvantages of each method to assess groundwater vulnerability in the Bilverdi plain aquifer.

The Concept of ‘development of rural life’ is neither simple nor exactly definable; but the dimensions, drivers and barriers of progress are multiple. Perceptions and motivations of people about the progress are varied, so it is a chaotic and unspecific concept. In rural studies, first of all, with considering both subjective and objective geographical, situation, one would respect perceptions and insights of rustics, because these perceptions can represent the subjective realities as well as the objective ones. Secondly, the real essential Dimensions and elements of many concepts (for example perceptions of rustics from rural, rural life, progress, etc.) cannot be explored with one of the qualitative or quantitative methods. In many researches about rural development, progressing the rural life is measured through quantitative methods. The main disadvantage of this method is that the villagers minds are not involved, and therefore they usually have a passive role. Most importantly, success in decision-making and planning for rural development depend on the fact that “the whole community must be given an active role (not a passive one) in all phases of planning. By analyzing the issues and topics related to the human and social aspects, putting the thinker human at the center of geographical analysis and recognizing the mental plans and deep perceptions of places, researchers must use both quantitative and qualitative methods, because each of them has its own capabilities and limitations. Therefore, to explain the problem of people’s lives, the appropriate mixed Methodology should be chosen, because this can reflect both personal and public Geographies Mixed methodology is useful in this respect. The aim of this research is exploring the different views and perceptions about the progress of community life in Dosari Village-Jiroft plain via a mixed Methodology. In this research, the mentioned methodology could be conceived as a hybrid of qualitative and quantitative one, because it combines mathematical procedures like factor analysis with a genuine constructivist and interpretative approach to a given concept or topic.The aim of this research is exploring the different views and perceptions about the progress of community life in Dosari Village-Jiroft plain via a mixed Methodology. In this research, the mentioned methodology could be conceived as a hybrid of qualitative and quantitative one, because it combines mathematical procedures like factor analysis with a genuine constructivist and interpretative approach to a given concept or topic.