جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "سکونتگاه های غیر رسمی" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Following the accelerated urbanization process and its various consequences, housing and a few other things became one of the issues facing the city and urban management. Poverty, inequality, and the inability of some groups to provide adequate housing, and the shortcomings of the urban planning and management system in creating the necessary conditions for these groups to enjoy adequate housing have led to informal settlements. In order to gather information to gain the necessary theoretical insight and review the literature on the subject, documentary and library methods and 12389 blocks taken from the data of the Statistics Center of Iran in 2016 have been exerted. In addition, the method of structural interaction analysis has been exploited to investigate the extent and how the factors affect, and finally, to identify the key factors influencing the future status of urban low-income settlements. In scenario-based planning, attempts are made to discover ways to influence the future consequences of these choices by understanding the implications of today's choices. In order to work accurately at this stage, 30 experts (urban planning and urban management) and executives (in executive bodies, such as road and urban planning, municipality and management and planning) were considered, and finally, defined for 16 key factors, based on the scenario perspective.Using Wizard scenario software analysis, 2 strong scenarios, 7 believable scenarios, and 109 weak scenarios were extracted. Possible situations for the agent were different from other factors and their only common feature is the existence of a range of desirable and undesirable situations, some of which are divided into two and three situations according to the key conditions.

Earth's climate has always been changing throughout history, but with the beginning of the industrial revolution, the human role in climate change has increased. This is mainly due to the increase in the consumption of fossil fuels, urbanization, deforestation, desertification, etc., climate changes in human societies can lead to the migration of millions of people, the consequences of climate change The distribution of human population is not clear and unpredictable. The reflection of the displacement of the population appears in the cities and causes the formation of immigrant settlements in the peri-urban areas of big cities. The main goal of this research was to investigate the effects of climate change on the instability of Zahedan city. To achieve this goal, the average maximum and minimum data of temperature and relative humidity elements and total precipitation on a monthly scale related to Zahedan synoptic station in the 30-year statistical period from 1990 to 2020 were used. In this research, the non-parametric method of SENS test was used to evaluate the trend and spi was used for the standard precipitation index; Finally, 100 samples were used to test the questionnaire data. The results in the trend section showed that in the minimum, the most changes were related to the months of April, May, September, and October, and the maximum temperature changes occurred in the months of April, August, and October. In relative humidity, the biggest changes were in the form of a decrease in relative humidity in the month of November. The drought process based on the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) started in 1997, in fact, from 1998 to 2020, except for 2015, when the situation was relatively wet, Zahedan experienced drought in the rest of the years. The city had excellent and suitable conditions during the review period of 1991 and 1995 only. The results of the research based on the data of the questionnaire about neighborhood sustainability show that the highest average value is 2.3 related to the environmental dimension and the lowest average value is 2.5 related to the physical dimension. The overall neighborhood stability average is 2.8. This figure shows the weak stability (instability) of the researched neighborhoods, it can be said that the stability of the neighborhoods in the studied neighborhoods is not in a good condition and the citizens are dissatisfied in this regard.

Introduction:

 Many development planners and politicians regard the tourism industry as one of the main pillars of sustainable development, Introduction The prevalence and expansion of marginalization, which has become a problem for big cities including Tabriz in the last 5 decades, now its scope has gone beyond big cities and cities and has plagued the surrounding villages, and the development of this phenomenon has added to the problems of the residents of these villages. Therefore, according to the trend of extensive developments in today's cities of the world, the cities of Iran and Azerbaijan in general and the city of Tabriz in particular have witnessed many changes in architecture with historical value and the way of distribution of activities in the past decades. The role of urban management and planning in preserving historical and unique architectures and creating a healthy environment, economic, social, touristic city, etc. has been effective in making the urban system healthy and balanced.

The current research seeks to explain the regeneration of Shams Abad neighborhood in Tabriz city with an emphasis on improving and empowering informal settlements. This research is descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature and method and applied in terms of purpose. Data collection was done with field and library studies. The statistical population of the research also includes 27 urban planning experts. SWOT and Hierarchical Process Analysis (ANP) were used for data analysis..

The findings of the research showed that sub-criterion S1 means having human resources with a weight of 0.388 as the most important advantage, and among the existing weaknesses, W1 means the inappropriateness of the infrastructure, among the threats, T1 means the reduction of natural resources. With a weight of 0.0195, the most important threat and among the opportunities, O1, that is, the formation of national and regional conferences in attracting knowledge capital, with a weight of 0.270, is known as the most important opportunity to improve and empower the Shamsabad region of Tabriz

Thus, the results show that the trend of marginalization is moving toward being unfavorable, and these findings are in line with our research today, which requires a completely social physical strategy. According to the strategies of the current research, the growth of marginalization should be used in the social-physical direction. However, with the passage of time and the increasing development of technology and the incrsocial awareness, it is one of the most key issues in which time and population growth play a significant role.ease in cultural and

Although improving the quality of life in informal settlements and urban areas has long been the focus of experts, but in recent years it has become more common in the country's development programs and policies. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of sustainable urban regeneration programs on improving the quality of life of residents of informal settlements (case study: Rasht). Due to the nature of the subject and the objectives of the research, the research method is descriptive-analytical and the information is collected in the form of documents, libraries and surveys using a questionnaire. The statistical population of the study consists of two groups: 1) citizens living in the areas; 2) Experts and specialists related to the issue of urban regeneration in Guilan province. The sample size was announced using Cochran's formula for the first group of 400 people and for the second group of 300 people, which has been sampled in an unlikely way. Also, for data analysis, structural equation modeling methods with partial least squares approach and t-test were used. The results showed that sustainable urban regeneration programs have a positive and significant effect on the quality of life of informal settlements. It was also found that the status of the mentioned programs in Soleimandarab neighborhood was successful, Ainak was relatively successful, Paskiab was relatively unsuccessful and in Nokhodchar neighborhood was unsuccessful and the quality of life in Soleimandarab neighborhood was relatively favorable, Ainak was relatively unfavorable and in Paskiab and Nakhodchar neighborhoods was unfavorable.

Today, natural disasters threaten human societies more than ever, which, if left unchecked and unprepared, will cause irreparable damage to human life, including residential areas and other economic, social, institutional and physical-environmental dimensions. As a result, communities take a variety of approaches to reduce the impact of natural disasters.

This article was conducted with the aim of measuring and evaluating the social, economic and institutional components of resilience in the town of Miyanabad, Eslamshahr.

According to the objectives of the research and the studied components, the type of research is applied and the study method is descriptive-analytical. The sampling method was randomly selected and the statistical population size was selected with Cochran model with an error level of 5% of 381 people. Structural equation modeling in SPSS and SMART PLS software has been used to analyze the collected information and data.Geographical area of research: The area of this research is Mianabad town of Eslamshahr.Findings and

The results showed that the resilience of Miyanabad town in Eslamshahr is low in terms of social, economic and institutional components. Among the studied criteria, the knowledge variable has the highest average (2.9218) and the lowest rate of standard deviation (0.18715). On the other hand, the variable has the ability to return to working conditions with the lowest average (2.5652) and higher standard deviation (0.57549) Has other research variables that need the attention of city officials and managers to promote resilience in Mianabad town.

The physical growth of cities along with the rapid growth of urban population and the inability of city managers to meet the needs of this population - which is due to unpreparedness to face this situation - is the starting point for various inequalities. The existence of these inequalities has led to the formation of informal settlements. Pakdasht is one of the satellite cities of Tehran due to its proximity to Tehran, low housing prices and the presence of industrial towns around it as an immigrant hub of the metropolis of Tehran and other immigrants in the country, which has accommodated countless poor rural immigrants. And has led to adverse consequences such as rising unemployment, inadequacies in providing services to the growing population, increasing anomalies and poverty. In this research, with accurate knowledge of informal settlements in Pakdasht, practical strategies in this field are presented. The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyze quantitative indicators in informal settlements of Pakdasht, identify the harms of urban management and its impact on the formation and growth of informal settlements, evaluate the resources and capabilities of urban management and finally provide urban management strategies to empower and organize these settlements. . Then the order of imitation, irreplaceability, value and scarcity of the study area is explained. In this regard, an attempt has been made to answer the following question. What are the management strategies for informal settlements in Pakdasht?

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical method. The collection of information and data was in the form of documents-libraries. In such a way that the studies related to the theoretical foundations of the documentary method and the data related to the findings, the questionnaire tool has been used. The statistical population of the study is a group of experts from which 30 people who were familiar with the environment and the subject and have studied in this regard were selected by available means. The criterion for selecting this number was theoretical saturation. The data analysis method was Meta - SWOT method.

All inputs of this study are based on objectives such as reducing the vulnerability of informal settlements in Pakdasht, managing informal settlements with high priority, and providing optimal strategies with medium priority. In the next step, key factors such as correlation between physical, social and security indicators, responsibility of residents and officials in maintaining urban spaces, financial management system in informal settlements, public participation, social cohesion for the success of urban management in informal settlements were identified. Then, it was determined what is the situation of urban development management factors in Pakdasht city in terms of the proposed indicators compared to the city under study. Five levels of much lower, lower, almost equal, higher and much higher were used to make these comparisons. In this regard, 5 informal settlements of Enghelab town, Hesar Amir, Vosat alley, Zeinabieh and west of Ustad Shahriyar were compared. Urban management injuries have been identified for informal settlements in Pakdasht. Due to the non-uniform weight of the identified targets, based on the opinions of experts and specialists in the field of pathology of informal settlements, they were prioritized based on the importance at three levels (high, medium and low). Finally, effective environmental factors outside the control of urban management were identified. These factors include the large volume of passing traffic and heavy vehicles, the lack of serious urban services, economic poverty, unemployment, the existence of informal economic activities, the fragmentation of urban society, the existence of various subcultures and cultural and social backwardness and illiteracy, marginalized face and functions. City, urban burnout, acceleration of growth in the absence of a targeted program, polarization of Pakdasht urban society and rising housing prices and the cost of living. Based on these factors, the strategic fit and the fit of resources and capabilities with the goals of urban management was done. Finally, according to the decisions and output of the software, a strategic map was drawn.

Since informal settlement is ultimately a local issue, the municipality, as a non-governmental institution and the highest and most important source of urban management, will play a major role in the process of presenting strategies and empowering informal settlements. Therefore, municipalities should take different initiatives from the past to make the best use of the participation and internal resources of these communities. The presence of more than 20% of the population of Pakdasht city in informal areas and its rapid growth is a warning to the officials and their serious concern for this issue. Addressing the current difficulties of these neighborhoods at the same time as anticipating future problems arising from their growth is essential, which requires special and comprehensive measures, different from the current routine. These measures, due to their nature, on the one hand must be done in an integrated and multidisciplinary manner in the physical environment, and on the other hand must be accompanied by physical measures and even before them, socio-economic programs for these communities. Such a comprehensive and all-out solution requires the alignment and cooperation of the relevant agencies. In connection with dealing with informal settlement, various policies and strategies from acceptance and recognition to their cleansing and destruction have been experienced, and in recent years in various countries, including our country, the solution of empowerment, institutionalization has been considered.

Marginalization is a phenomenon that has emerged in the cities of today s cities following structural changes and the emergence of social and economic problems such as the rapid circulation of urbanization and ungovernable rural migrations. In the marginal fabrics of today's cities, we see unequal urban spaces due to differences in the natural infrastructure and spatial planning paradigm. the present study aims to assess the state of spatial justice in the areas of boundary boundary of mashhad in descriptive - analytic method using the F’ANP model.According to the studies, three criteria of comfort, spatial relation and spatial quality are effective criteria in realization of spatial justice in urban arenas. The results of this study shows among the eight marginal areas of mashhad, Golshahr population core in terms of the status of spatial justice at the very poor level and Jade Ghadim population core that are based on the categories status of a very high spatial justice has devoted itself to itself.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the physical status of informal settlements and factors affecting their current situation in Jafarabad town of Kermanshah. The dominant approach is the qualitative and quantitative research space and the type of applied research. Descriptive and inferential statistics (SPSS) were used for data analysis. The statistical population of the research is household heads in Jaafarabad (68000), households. The sample size was 384 using Cochran formula. The results of physical condition of Jafarabad showed that most of the informal settlements in Jafarabad had high population density. Also, in most informal settlements, the number of households in residential and construction units is higher than the average number of households in residential units in the standard urban areas. The results of investigating the factors affecting the current physical conditions of informal settlements in Jafarabad town using one-sample T-test showed that, in all the factors mentioned, the mean obtained is above the average value of 3, which indicates the extent of impact. Many of these factors contribute to the current physical conditions of informal settlements in Jafarabad. There was also a significant relationship between the effective factors and the current physical conditions of informal settlements with a significance level of 0.000. Finally, stepwise multiple regression was used to investigate the role of these factors in creating ill-health of informal settlements. The results showed that the independent variable with the dependent variable (effective management factors, economic and social characteristics) had a significant relationship at P = 0.05.

The general purpose of this study was to determine the status of residents' empowerment in marginal areas of Mashhad and the effect of organizational culture on this trend. The research method was descriptive-correlational and the population of the study consisted of 240 residents of informal accommodations in Mashhad as well as 120 officials and personnel of the municipality. Data were gathered using Denison's organizational culture questionnaire and psychological empowerment. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, especially regression and Friedman test. The results showed that the level of empowerment among residents was about 2.41. However, for empowerment, it is imperative that people are also part of the body of planning and implementation. Obviously, following such a comprehensive approach will not be free of challenge, because authorities often fear the transfer or division of power and refrain from providing information to people. Empowerment of the community is a dynamic and inclusive process. The main goal of the empowerment process is to make suitable changes in all dimensions and aspects of lives of individuals, families, groups, and social strata, so that by exploiting the satisfaction and desire of the people, their potential and hidden talents become under control and it is possible to improve their lives. As a result, if the authorities accept that residents have the power and willingness to change affairs, one could hope that the residents' empowerment would increase to an acceptable level.

Informal settlements is one of the most important aspects of urbanization in Iran, in a way that not only in the big cities but also in the medium-sized and small towns, these kind of phenomenon exist. One of the cities in Iran that engage in this phenomenon is Torbat Heydarie that requires the utilization of comprehensive application for problem solving. The aim this study is to organize the informal settlements with empowerment approach in Torbat Heidarie city. This study is developmental-practical and the method of it, is descriptive-analytical. The method of collecting information is done in two way; library and survey (questionnaire) and for analyzing the data, the methods of descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation and multiple regression, were used and in order to provide the empowerment strategies of informal settlements, initially the Delphi technique was used to make the planning participatory and in the next stage, the swot strategic model was used. The statistical society are some of informal settlements of Torbat Heydarie, such as areas of high Rabat, areas of low Rabat, Koye Emam and Heidar Abad and the sample size are 400 people that were chosen by the multistage cluster sampling method. In this study, each of the indicators of authority delegating and participation, security indicator and social and economical indicators are considered as a independent variable with empowerment approach to the dependent variable. Among them, social and economical indicator have the most effects on the empowerment approach. According to multiple regression model, social and economical indicators have the most effects and in the next step respectively, assignment of authorities and participation indicator and security indicator in achieving the empowerment of informal settlements have priority. The result of swot model indicated that aggressive strategies placed as a initial priority of informal settlements empowerment.

One of the urban non-sustainable development reasons, especially in developing countries, is a kind of settlement or a certain issue known as informal settlments, where require special measures to manage the current situation and to prevent their spread in the future. Introducing urban sustainable development in 1980s and necessity to consider all of the urban dimensions (including environmental, economical, and social) as the foundations of the urban sustainable development, the study of informal settlements entered a new phase concerning with assessing the sustainability level in such settlements . The idea of sustainable development resulted in emerging modern applied practices and methods of new applications in order to assess the environmental impacts to date since 1990s. The analysis of ecological footprint is one of the indicators attracted more attention in academic, political and education. Ecological footprint is an index, which evaluates the energy and materials used in a city, region or country so that the population and industrial processes pressure on the ecosystem could be estimated. Sanandaj, like other urban areas in the country facing a lot of issues of 1950s and 1960s including massive rural-urban migration, rural-urban imbalances, rapid urban development and so on has experienced the formation of major informal settings such as Abbas Abad, Kani Koozaleh, Ghafoor, Taqutaquan, etc. Hence, we adopted a descriptive-analytical method with emphasis on literature review and field works to assess the sustainability level in Abbas Abad District, Sanandaj (Iran) as one of the informal neighborhoods. For this purpose, we used the ecological footprint model. Our findings revealed that the total ecological footprint in this district was 74560.551 ha indicating 3.808 ha per capita-considering its population of 19578 persons in 2012.