جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « مدیریت شهری » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

In this research, an attempt has been made to provide futuristic strategies in urban water supply and management by estimating the population, consumption of citizens in region 5 and identifying the influencing factors on urban water supply and management, and to find the best futuristic strategy. It was used for short-term use in the 5th area of Tabriz.In this research, the population was predicted using the People software, and then each component was weighted using the Ahp model, and the best strategy was selected using the ExpertChoice software.Among the strategies (strategies to reduce water wastage, intelligentization of water infrastructure, education and information, incentive and punishment policies, increasing water knowledge, economical technologies and modern water resources) presented in order to improve conditions, the strategy of intelligentization of water infrastructure with a coefficient of 0.310 The title of the most optimal strategy has been introduced.Traditional and old strategies of urban water supply and management mechanisms will not be responsible for future cities and their population growth; Therefore, in order to improve its fields, forward-looking strategies have been presented and actions should be taken to change the ineffective traditional organizations. In this article, an attempt has been made to choose the most optimal strategy for the 5th region of Tabriz by presenting several active and passive strategies in the field of supply and management and identifying the major influencing factors in the water supply process of Tabriz city.

Due to the fact that neighborhood is the most basic element in a city and citizenship is a common general feeling on national and social identity in a particular area, undoubtedly, neighborhood-oriented management plays a significant role in urban management. But unfortunately, citizen-oriented perspective in urban management of our country has been of little importance nowadays. This paper seeks to evaluate the level of urban managers' attention to the potentials and capacities of neighborhood oriented in medium-sized cities like Bahar. Furthermore, measuring and evaluating the strengths and the weaknesses of such an attitude has been considered. The method of this present study is descriptive-analytics and the questionnaire is used for collecting the data needed to carry out the analysis. The statistical population includes managers and experts in the field of urban management in the city of Bahar, and 196 people were selected using Morgan Formula. The results of the research indicate that urban management in its current form does not lead to optimal management in cities because the problems of cities are very complex. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the neighborhood oriented approach as a connection point between the local community and the central government. The results of One-Sample t-Test showed that transparency (score 3.25) as one of the factors of urban management is the most important one because, in recent years, beneficial efforts have been made by the municipality of Bahar to inform the public about their activities. Also, the neighborhood centrality with the statistical mean of (3) indicates the medium and suitable level of this element in this city of Hamadan Province.

There are many challenges ahead for municipalities due to the need for a proper definition of their role in the structure of urban management. The private sector and civil society are essential in achieving good governance, and municipalities need better cooperation. This issue has led to the failure of municipalities in terms of management. This problem prevails in most cities in the country. After more than 90 years of municipal activities (Baladieh) and the city council of Sanandaj (Sena), the city has seen many urban management problems today. One of the main factors causing enormous problems in Sanandaj is the spread of a theory and practice gap between the city administration, the private sector, and civil society. This research is based on the assumption that the main cause of management problems in Sanandaj is weakness in the city in terms of urban good governance components (index). Indeed, this study sought to determine the parameters of good governance in Sanandaj to provide a clear understanding of the status index of urban governance in Sanandaj. This study, in contrast to most previous research, considered a full list of indexes of urban good governance. On the other hand, this study sought to assess the situation of the indices for various regions to clarify the differences in the urban management of Sanandaj in different areas. In the case of weaknesses of each of these indicators in Sanandaj, this research helps provide practical solutions.

Defining the aim of the research has a significant impact on research tools and methods. Research methods depend on the research's purpose, nature, and executive facilities. According to the object and purpose of the research, descriptive-analytical methods were used. In order to gain theoretical insight and literature review, the style library was used. Specifically, it was used for books, articles, statutes, and online references. To obtain field information, questionnaire tools with questions in Likert with 5-item options were used. The questionnaires were distributed among the citizens of Sanandaj, including 19 connected zones and 4 separated urban zones. Questionnaires were distributed among citizens by utilizing the simple random distribution method. The questionnaire also included five kinds of options: too much (5), much (4), medium (3), low (2), and very low (1) scores. Additionally, statistical analysis software was used for the data analysis. The statistical population of the research includes all the inhabitants of the city of Sanandaj, which, according to statistical results, includes a total of 373,987 people in the last public census. The Cochran formula is used to determine the sample size. The sample size was 384, and the methods included their choice and stratified sampling.

To keep track of the desired goals in this study, eight indices among the good governance indexes proposed by the United Nations have been identified and evaluated. These indicators include transparency, efficiency and effectiveness, social justice, legitimacy, accountability, responsibility, responsiveness, participation, and consensus-orientedness. The T-test was used to evaluate urban management's general performance. In this test, the theoretical values of the index were compared with the mean values of each indicator, and the significance and non-significance of each test were conducted. Indeed, this test aims to compare the indices of urban good governance. The results reflect the poor performance of urban management in Sanandaj based on every eight reviewed indices in the pattern of urban good governance. However, it should also be considered that urban management performance in the eight indicators reviewed was almost at the same level. In the case of the assumption that there are differences between urban good governance indexes in different areas of Sanandaj, the test is significant at 95% confidence, and the H0 assumption is verified. This means there are significant differences between different areas of the city regarding urban good governance indices. According to the results of the Tukey test, there are many differences among the urban good governance indices in Sanandaj city. Four urban zones separated around Sanandaj had the weakest status, and during the last few years, they have been added to the city's law limit. Accordingly, the weakest conditions are related to Naysr, Nanaleh, Grizeh, and the Hassan Abad zone. These four zones, considered generally marginalized city areas, have very poor physical and spatial conditions. As a result, the people of these areas view Sanandaj urban management as the main cause of the backwardness of the area. On the other hand, these areas, with a lack of commitment to the urban rules, regulations, and arrangements, create tense conditions among citizens and municipalities. In terms of urban good governance indicators, four urban districts in Sanandaj had very favorable statuses. These areas are zone 22, zone 20, zone 18, and zone 19.

By studying the map of the Tukey test in GIS software, important results concerning the spatial analysis of urban good governance in the City of Sanandaj were found. This means that a certain space pattern dominated Sanandaj's urban management. Accordingly, each attached district surrounding the city of Sanandaj (Naysr, Nanaleh, Grizeh, and Hassan Abad Regions) has horrendous conditions. Northern areas (districts 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6) of Sanandaj city, compared to other inside areas, have a bad situation. Western areas (zones 8, 9, 10, and 11) had moderate conditions of urban management of the city based on the pattern of urban good governance. The southern areas are in a very good state compared to other areas.

City rules and regulations can be considered as one of the most important and main points of connection between city management and citizens. In other words, the actors of the main elements of urban management in the light of urban rules and regulations, despite defining roles for themselves and other members, can contribute and participate citizens in the administration of affairs and fulfill the concept of citizenship. Urban management in the direction of sustainable development, especially in dilapidated contexts, is one of the important and fundamental topics of urban studies in modern and developing countries, including Iran. Urban areas are the main and important centers of political, economic, social and security growth in any country and have proven to be the most important points for creating creativity, work, innovation and wealth. The main purpose of this research is to analyze and investigate the role of urban management in the direction of sustainable development of worn-out structures (case study: old structure of Bushehr) based on influential indicators. Since there are many indicators of sustainable development, suitable indicators were designed for this context in several general headings, each of which consists of subcategories such as access, economic, social, cultural and environmental.

The present research, which was determined using field survey studies and descriptive-analytical research method and electronic questionnaire tool among the statistical sample of 381 people with Cochran's formula, and its reliability was confirmed with Cronbach's alpha of 90.6. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics methods, central tendency indices (mean, median, and mode) and dispersion indices (variance, standard deviation, skewness, and...) were used. Then, using SPSS version 22 software, statistical methods of correlation coefficient, advanced approach of structural equations (second-order confirmatory factor analysis) were used to test the hypotheses.

This research examines the role of urban management in terms of accessibility, economic, social, cultural and environmental dimensions. In this regard, the role of urban management is analyzed from the aspect of provided statistics including gender, employment, age group, level of education, history of residence, place of residence and in terms of significance and desirability of indicators of dimensions such as access, economic, social, cultural and environmental. and reviewed. The explanatory findings of the T-Test of the research showed that from the residents' point of view, the role of urban management in the sustainable development of the dilapidated fabric of Bushehr shows that the calculated average score of the subjects is within the 95% confidence interval of the t-test and is at its upper limit. ; It can be concluded that the state of urban management in the direction of sustainable development of worn-out fabric in the studied area is in a favorable condition and this finding is significant at the level (α=01).

By thinking about the effective forces at the level of neighborhood sustainability and especially the worn and historical tissues of cities, if urban management is the process of integrating the efforts of the government and citizens to improve the physical, social, cultural, economic and environmental conditions of cities and to If we specifically consider urban contexts, the concept of sustainability, growth and excellence comes to mind and in a way, urban management by shaping the living space in all areas, seeking to improve the welfare of citizens and achieve sustainable neighborhood development (texture) ) and is a city. Now, by evaluating the performance, urban management is able to check the efficiency of its system, determine its strengths and weaknesses, and plan for sustainable urban development, growth, and improvement. Considering the emergence of sustainable development as the main slogan of the third millennium, which originates from the impact of cities on the biosphere and various dimensions of human life, and without a doubt, the talk of sustainability and sustainable development without considering and paying attention to the city and the category of urbanization It will be meaningless. Based on this, one of the most important and sensitive requirements of the city and urbanization of the present era is the development of these tissues. The obtained results show that the five dimensions of access, economic, social, cultural and environmental are the effective indicators of urban management in the development of the worn-out fabric of Bushehr. Therefore, the social dimension with an average score of 2.39 has the highest rank and the economic dimension with an average score of 1.97 has the lowest rank among the dimensions of the old fabric of Bushehr.

Today, managerial decentralization in urban development processes through the formulation of laws and processes in developed or developing countries is seriously discussed.Attention to participation in urban management has a major role in solving many problems and urban issues, and accordingly,one of the high priorities of urban management is to create opportunities for public participation.

Objective of the research:

The aim of the present study is to study the Grounded Theory,Organizing urban management through citizen participation(Case study:Zahedan city).

The present study in terms of purpose, Applied research and has a descriptive-analytical nature, also in terms of method, is in the group of qualitative research.Data collection method was interview and grounded theory method was used to analyze the data. Sample size for interviewing experts in the framework of theoretical saturation and using Targeted Sampling,20experts (specialists, university professors and Zahedan city managers), was selected.

Geographical area of research:

Includes the city of Zahedan in the province of Sistan and Baluchestan.

From the results of the interviews, 16 categories and 50semantic units were extracted, which were divided into three categories of conditions(Causal, contextual and intervening).The results showed that these three conditions along with each other have caused citizens not to participate in urban management.

The general results show that in order to deal with the lack of citizen participation in urban management, strategies should be used(use of mass media,creating new opportunities in the field of communication with urban management, economy with a plan or strategic economy,etc.)should be used.

The Islamic City Councils as an important element of the urban management system as an institution, policymaker, decision maker, and legislator at the local level, have to be fully operational in order to fulfill their role of policymaking and oversight over all matters to be able to carry out policy and oversight tasks in all areas of the city and local organizations concerned. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to measure the effectiveness of city council performance in improving the process of sustainable urban management and development from the perspective of citizens in Tabriz metropolis. This study is practical in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method and document studies and field surveys were used to collect data. The statistical population of the study is all citizens and residents over 18 years of Tabriz metropolis. According to the 2015 census, this city had a population of 1558693 people and 497898 households. Cochran formula was used to determine the number of samples from 327 subjects were selected. The data for the analysis of quantitative methods, descriptive and inferential statistics (one-sample t, Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA, regression and path analysis) were used. The results showed that the average index of the performance of Islamic councils is 2.76 and its T-statistic is -6.59, which shows the unfavorable performance of the city council and the performance of the Islamic Council of this city in district 9 (with an average of 248.80). district 8 (with an average of 239.38) and district 2 (with an average of 204.33) have been evaluated favorably compared to other regions. Also, the average of all indicators of empowerment of Islamic city councils in the field of empowerment of Islamic councils is lower than numerical utility 3 and their t-statistic is negatively estimated. Finally, the performance of the Islamic councils in the economic dimension (employment, income and investment) has had the greatest effect with an overall effect of 0.608 and the least effect in the physical dimension with an overall effect of 0.210 in the realization of sustainable development.

The present study addresses the future prospects of urban management of Marand, specifically to study the problems and issues of urban management as well as providing solutions to improve its status. The main purpose of the research is to answer the question of what people and experts have about the causes of the problems of urban management in Marand, and with what road map there can be defined and achieved a perspective for urban management. The method used in this research is descriptive and analytical, and it utilizes the Oregan social vision model.. Oregan model is used to plan the process of strategic vision development in local communities. One of the most important advantages of this model is to adapt to different conditions and environment. The Oregan model is a process composed of four steps, each of which is built on the basis of a simple question: Where are we now? Where are we going? where shall we be? How to get there? Then, in different time intervals, monitoring of the implementation status in order to overcome the shortcomings would be possible. In this research, after analyzing the status quo, using collaborative planning and making questionnaire and receiving the opinions of citizens and experts, different perspectives have been defined for the city and, consequently, the necessary strategies are presented. The results show that the urban management of Marand is not in a suitable position, and it is necessary for the management to try to improve the lives of citizens with the aim of reducing the weak points and avoiding threats based on the strategies for resolving problems and crises of urban areas, attracting citizens, creating well - being for people, creating financial stability, and building administrative stability.

Hekmar, a good city is a new method of urban management in which, through the improvement of several factors, it can include sustainable economic development and high quality of life. On the other hand, one of the concerns of managers and urban planners in The big cities of the country, including the city of Mashhad, which needs planning to solve it, are dilapidated urban tissues. Now it is necessary to see how good urban governance can take steps to achieve the organization of dilapidated urban tissues. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the status of good urban governance indicators in the dilapidated context of Mashhad city from the citizens' point of view and to identify the status of good urban governance indicators in each of the dilapidated context areas. The research method in this research is based on descriptive-analytical method. And the required information has been collected from two documentary and field methods (questionnaire). And it has been analyzed using Spss software and t-test, analysis of variance and multiple regression. The statistical population of this research is about 519,924 people based on the census of 1395, and using the Cochran sampling method, the sample size is 384. has been The results of the t-test show that the indicators of good governance in Mashhad are not in a favorable state. The results of the analysis of variance show that among the areas of worn-out fabric in Mashhad, areas 6 and 10 are in the worst condition with an average of 1.92 and 2.04, respectively. At the end, according to the results of the research, there are suggestions to improve the condition of these indicators. It is presented in the worn context of Mashhad city.

The existence of inefficient structures in urban areas, especially in the metropolis of Tehran, is known as one of the practical challenges of urban management, and its management is necessary to benefit from efficient and desirable management principles in different areas, the existence of dense and worn-out structures in 17 regions of the city. Tehran has always been the focus of urban policy makers, and in this recognition of management principles is considered as a key necessity, considering the importance of urban regeneration of inefficient structures and benefiting from efficient management principles, this research seeks to realize the realization of governance. It is appropriate in the sustainable regeneration process of the 17th district of Tehran, the method is analytical and library and document studies based on published data and thematic maps. According to the conducted investigations, it can be concluded that proper governance in the region requires more attention to urban management, sustainable development, protection of citizens' rights, protection of public security and peace, and citizen participation. By applying the principles of good governance in this region, it is possible to improve the living conditions of citizens and improve the performance of institutions responsible for urban management in this region. Also, based on the analysis, it shows that in general, good governance can improve the condition of the fabric. Facilitate the ineffectiveness of Tehran's 17th district. Also, in order to create a decent government, it is necessary to observe moral principles, transparency, justice and attention to the needs of citizens.

Due to the increase in the world's urban population, need for food has become more important. Therefore, one of the effective solutions in response to the increase in urban population, especially in developing countries, is the expansion and promotion of urban agriculture. In fact, the citizens of society can take maximum advantage of the space dedicated to urban agriculture in form of environmental and economic capacities. Through urban farms and local self-sufficient production, urban farmers significantly reduce the fossil fuel needed to transport, package and sell food. Also, due to its proximity to consumers, it causes the circulation of income throughout a region, which in turn leads to economic growth for the community in question. In these spaces, most people gather and engage in activities with the aim of producing food, so the development of social participation is one of other benefits of this phenomenon. It should be noted that, in addition to above benefits, urban agriculture also faces obstacles and challenges. In fact, by reviewing the experience of urban agriculture in different cities of the world, we come to the conclusion that this phenomenon must be accompanied by creation of a platform in the spatial, social and cultural fields, and otherwise, the development and promotion of urban agriculture is definitely associated with challenges. Actually, to achieve the benefits of urban agriculture, it is necessary to overcome these challenges. In fact, if we want to have extensive and efficient urban agriculture, we need to create necessary laws and platforms from the government. Actually, together with the development and promotion of urban agriculture, regulations and laws of municipalities should be formulated clearly and explicitly in this matter, and also the production units of urban agricultural products should be registered so that they can be monitored and based on environmental principles.

Nowadays, resilience has become an important concept in scientific research and political discourses, and it is considered a basic approach in facing all kinds of crises and risks in cities. Also, due to the locality of crises and their effects, planning and managing resilience on a local scale is considered one of the basic principles. Considering the importance of resilience at the local scale, the present research was written with the aim of evaluating the implementation of the principles of resilience and streamlining of risk management at the local scale of Tabriz metropolis. In this regard, the research method is practical in terms of its purpose and in terms of analytical-exploratory nature, in order to analyze information, were used logarithmic regression model, VIKOR multi-criteria decision making model and Shannon's entropy weighting method. The statistical population of the research also includes managers and city officials involved in the field of crisis management, and the size of the statistical sample was determined using the targeted Delphi method of 100 people. The findings of the research show that out of the 9 investigated components, only two components of financial considerations and participatory management with beta coefficients of 0.652 and 0.617 are significant at the confidence level of 0.95 and have been realized. On the other hand, among the investigated components, the most unfavorable situation was the components of knowledge management and accountability and recovery. Also, it is recommended to implement the principles of resilience and streamline risk management only in the 2nd, 5th and 9th districts of Tabriz metropolis. Therefore, it can be said that the implementation of the principles of resilience and streamlining of risk management at the local scale of Tabriz metropolis has an unfavorable situation and we need strategic planning in this field.

When challenges such as the Corona pandemic arise, metropolitan areas face serious management problems due to the lack of a system of citizen participation based on strong governance and the presence of multiple stakeholders. The solution to such problems requires the transfer of responsibility for the management of urban affairs to the group of actors that make up the bulk of urban governance. The aim of the present research is to use the futurological approach to explain the meaning of urban governance in the post-corona era, to identify the main components of urban governance, to determine the key factors influencing the future of urban governance in the post-corona era, to formulate a golden scenario, the continuation of the existing or static trend and a weak scenario by considering important elements and It is effective and to choose the optimal scenario for urban governance in the post-corona era in the metropolis of Tabriz.

The current research is developmentally relevant in terms of the purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. Two methods were used to obtain information: Library and fieldwork. The statistical population of the study is 32 experts from academic departments and the city administration, selected through purposive sampling. Micmac, Scenario Wizard and SPSS software were used for data analysis.

19 factors have an impact on urban governance in the post-corona era. Among these factors, 8 key factors (responsibility and accountability, justice orientation, transparency, awareness, citizen participation, legality, decentralization and continuous education of citizens) were identified for urban governance in the post-corona era in Tabriz metropolis. With the help of Scenario Wizard software, strong, weak and highly compatible or credible scenarios were extracted.

Among the scenarios mentioned, the scenario with high compatibility or credibility, as it lies between the other two scenarios, was examined using inductive analysis. Three possible scenarios (golden, continuation of the existing or static trend and disaster) were written for the future of urban governance in the post-Corona era in metropolis of Tabriz, and finally, according to experts, the golden scenario is the optimal scenario for research.

In the context of Hamadan, recognized as a significant new urban center in the country, substantial challenges in urban management processes have emerged, encompassing both organizational and external dimensions. Recent years have witnessed mismanagement in service delivery, spatial injustices, physical-spatial disparities, lack of transparency in presenting plans and programs, and an increase in civic problems, exacerbating issues within the city. This complex scenario has the potential to escalate into serious regional crises. Acknowledging the urgency of addressing this matter and emphasizing the need for regional studies, the present research investigates the indicators of good governance in Hamadan, categorized by different regions. Employing a descriptive-analytical approach and utilizing a quantitative method, the study involves experts from the Hamadan management team, with a sample size of 35 individuals. The research findings, analyzed through average test models in SPSS software and the TOPSIS multi-criteria decision-making model in MATLAB software, reveal that the good governance indicators in Hamadan are not in a desirable state, particularly with districts 3 and 2 facing severe deficiencies in urban governance indicators.

This research investigated optimal urban governance in the metropolis of Rasht using a future-oriented approach. In this study, various dimensions of urban governance were evaluated, and key factors were identified and ranked. Initially, through the Delphi technique and by consulting 30 experts, the most important key factors of urban governance, as well as indicators of consensus, certainty, priority, and importance, were identified. Subsequently, 53 key drivers were selected for analysis using Micmac software. This research is applied and descriptive-analytical in terms of methodology, focusing on transparency and accountability in urban planning processes.Based on 2714 values calculated in the initial matrix of cross-effects, 836 items with high impact, 1357 items with medium impact, 472 items with low impact and 49 items with higher impact have been evaluated. Assessing the impact and effectiveness of key factors shows that the three drivers provide clear information on technical and executive issues (P1), accountability of councils and description of urban development plans (J1) and selection and merit in the selection of urban managers (P6), in The first rank of direct and indirect influence and 3 drivers is the request of city managers from citizens to participate in affairs (L5), the central justice approach of city managers in various city issues (L6) and the impact of social networks on the participation of civil and cooperative institutions. And the private sector (T1) rank first in direct and indirect impact. Considering the similarity of the scenarios and the total of 221 conditions on the scenario page, 116 states and 52.48% of the desired state, 64 states and 28.95% in the static state and 41 states and 18.55% of the critical state. Also, among the 14 believable scenarios favorable governance there are 10 scenarios with favorable status. 

Today's civilization has become more urbanized and urban growth has had adverse consequences on the bodies of cities. The dimensions of urban settlements are becoming more complex day by day and as a result, security instability is becoming more apparent in urban areas. In this regard, the administration of cities has also become a significant issue, and without a doubt, a successful urban management can move the city towards sustainable development and increase the welfare of the city's residents. What is considered and emphasized in city administration today and is introduced as a paradigm in city management is to use the model of good urban governance in which the government, citizens and private institutions participate in a horizontal and cross-sectoral flow.  In fact, good urban governance is a different way in which individuals, institutions and the private and public sectors manage and plan for the common affairs of the city. Today, managers are looking for a model to reduce the management problems of cities. One of the models that has attracted the attention of experts in this direction is the model of good urban governance. In Iran, this model is known as a model that can be an ointment for the problems of cities. The Future studies is a new paradigm in the field of long-term planning that has emerged in recent decades to address unpredictable, complex, intertwined, and uncertain issues. Therefore, this study seeks to study the challenge of urban management based on important indicators of good urban governance based on a future studies approach so that the results of this study may serve as a guide for managers and planners of Rasht and similar cities. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to answer the following questions:-Which components and driving forces play a key role in the good urban governance of metropolises?
-What are the intersections of the driving forces and the identification of the most impressionable and influential factors affecting the good urban governance in the future of metropolises?
-What are the possible, probable, and desirable scenarios for the future situation of good urban governance in Rasht metropolis?

This research is practical in terms of purpose. Also, in terms of nature, it is based on new methods of future studies, analytical, and exploratory science, which has been done by using a combination of quantitative and qualitative models. It is also a method of collecting documentary and library information. Qualitative data were prepared with an open questionnaire through interviews and review of documents and quantitative data used in this study numerically and through the weight of Delphi questionnaires. The research method of the present study is mixed and is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods of future studies approach based on exploratory analysis using Micmac software and cross-analysis using Scenario WIZARD software. It should also be noted that the statistical sample size using the available sampling method, 30 specialists with non-random method or purposive sampling has been determined, including faculty members, executive and administrative experts of Rasht metropolis and experts in the field of urban management.

In terms of the matrix of influence and potential direct and indirect dependence, it can be said that the three drivers provide clear information on technical and executive issues (P1), accountability of councils and description of urban development plans (J1) and selection and merit in the selection of urban managers (P6), were ranked first in direct and indirect effectiveness. Also, three drivers are asking urban managers to participate in the affairs (L5), the central justice approach of urban managers in various city issues (L6) and the impact of social networks on the participation of civil society organizations, cooperatives, and the private sector (T1), were ranked first in direct and indirect impressionability. According to the findings, key driving forces will be available in terms of impressionability and effectiveness. In this regard, according to the 53 general variables studied, 53 key driving forces were also presented from the highest to the lowest importance, respectively. Based on this, the drivers of managers' awareness of current issues (1L1) and the use of experienced and specialized people in urban management (L3) were ranked last with the least direct effectiveness. And the drivers of using the good management approach (E5) and accountability of councils and description of urban development plans and projects (E6) were identified with the least direct impressionability.

Evaluating the effectiveness and impressionability of the method of distribution and dispersion of variables in the scatter plot shows the degree of stability and instability of the system. What is clear from the status of the distribution page of variables affecting the future status of Rasht urban management is the relatively unstable state of the system. Most variables are scattered around the diagonal axis of the sheet. Except for a few factors that indicate the high effects, all other variables are in a similar situation. According to the results, the factors of consensus (C), efficiency and effectiveness (E), participation (P), transparency (T), responsibility (R), legitimacy (L) and justice (J), affecting the process of unsustainable urban management developments of Rasht, respectively. And in such a way that the continuation of the current situation will lead to the formation of a catastrophic scenario and at best, if the current situation continues, the existing management system changes in parallel and there is no regular and coherent plan and lack of inter-organizational coordination, reducing the level of social empowerment. Failure to strengthen the local economy and reduce the participatory role of citizens will reduce the level of private sector investment and reduce physical oversight of built spaces. There are a total of 14 believable scenarios for the advancement of good governance in the Rasht metropolis, most of which are in desirable condition, which indicates a promising situation for the advancement of urban management. Out of 221 states on the scenario sheet, 116 states and 52.48% show the desired state, 64 states and 28.95% indicate the static state, and 41 states and 18.55% illustrate the critical state. These states demonstrate that more than half of the modes on the scenario sheet are in the desirable state, followed by the static state, and finally, the critical state.

The city is a dynamic and complex phenomenon that functions as a system. According to the United Nations report, for the first time in history, more than half of the world's population lives in cities, which will reach 70% in 2050. Urban management is responsible for monitoring, planning and managing the sustainable development of cities. Since top-down urban management in practice has led to many urban problems, and the effectiveness of decision-making patterns has caused the creation of various management approaches; whose purpose is to understand human behavior and change consumption patterns towards more sustainable paths. In our country, urban management has been affected by macro structures and the environment, which has resulted in lagging behind (urbanization) and overtaking (growth) from (urban development). Therefore, the lack of participatory democracy, planning and management, and the lack of coordination of urban plans with construction plans, inattention to the specific conditions and prevailing performance of each city are among the challenges of the current urban planning and management system in Iran. In such a situation, along with the development of metropolises, the cities that host the oil and gas industry, such as the city of Bandar Kangan, also face challenges such as the rapid development of the city, the increase in the cost of infrastructure, the loss of resources, the disproportion of the distribution of uses, the excessive increase in the price of land and housing, and disorder. environmental problems and hundreds of other challenges and has caused weakness in the proper management of the city from (physical, environmental, economic, social-cultural and management-political) aspects; Therefore, urban management can only be managed with a bottom-up planning that firstly enjoys the participation and support of citizens and secondly uses a combination of management approaches in the matter of managing cities and guiding them in the path of sustainability. work successfully. 

This research is developmental in terms of purpose and in terms of descriptive-analytical and causal-survey method. Collecting information using documentary-library and field method (observation, interview and questionnaire). After extracting and comparing indicators in the approaches of political economy, empowerment, urban democracy, neighborhood-based management, social capital, traditional urban management, NGO, public choice, urban participation, pluralism, integrated urban management, sustainable urban development, good governance and Urban development strategy, important and common indicators in line with the management approaches of urban development were categorized in the form of 5 physical, environmental, economic, social/cultural and managerial/political dimensions. Each of these dimensions has sub-criteria that form the basis of the current research questionnaire. In order to investigate and explain the most important components of effective management approaches in urban development and Analysis the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats to realize the desired urban development in Kangan city, factor analysis and SWOT models have been used. In this research, the trustees, experts and citizens of Kangan city are considered as statistical communities. The sampling method was random sampling, and the snowball method was used for statistical communities of trustees (48 people) and experts (90 people), and the sample size of the citizens of Kangan city (382 people) was determined using Cochran's method. 

Analysis of the most effective factors in Kangan city management. In order to identify the underlying dimensions of the research, the factor analysis method was used, which the main management components in the development of Kangan city were prioritized from the point of view of the trustees compared to the research variables, and included factors (physical/economic), (management-political/social), (economic) / social) and (environmental / physical) that these factors explain 56% of the total variance. Analysis of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of effective management approaches in the development of Kangan city by integrating the opinion of the target communities. The results of the SWOT analysis show that there is a gap with democratic citizenship, the effect of sanctions and currency shocks on the city's economy, and the lack of fair provision of services with a score of 0.18 are the most important weaknesses in the system that need to be improved in terms of planning. The impact of the share of oil and the growth of the sales rate and the increase in the level of education and social awareness with a score of 0.22, the role of the government in the economy and funding and investment with a score of 0.21 are the most important opportunities, as well as the effect of financial and monetary policies on the city's economy with a score of 0.24. Paying attention to the rules and management of urban development and not paying attention to demographic characteristics with a score of 0.23 are considered as threat factors against effective management approaches in the development of Kangan city.

In this research, the most important indicators of effective management approaches in the development of Kangan city were examined and explained. In order to find the important factors from the point of view of Kangan city trustees, factor analysis was used, the results show: (physical /economic),(management-political/social),(economic/social)and (environmental /physical) factors respectively have the highest percentage. has allocated the variance. Also, using the SWOT model, the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of urban development in Kangan Port were identified. The results indicate that the opportunity points have the highest score of 3.51 and the strengths have the lowest score of 2.38. The results of QSPM also show that providing public benefits and meeting basic needs to increase social justice, coordinating trustees and strengthening integrated management to organize the city in order to achieve urban sustainability, increasing trust and validation to improve adaptability and flexibility, planning the development of the tourism industry to reduce The reliance of Kangan's economy on oil and gas is one of the most effective strategies in the development of Kangan city; Among these strategies, priority is given to managerial/political and economic indicators.

The topic of creative city is one of the theories proposed in the postmodern and late paradigm, which has caused huge transformations and developments in cities and has provided the growth and sustainable development of cities. However, the most important element and requirement for realizing this issue depends on urban branding and creating a favorable mental image; for this purpose, cities can be successful in the global arena and competition with each other for globalization and raising their name at the international level. Cities are the main places where creativity and innovation emerge, and this creativity is considered vital for their economic success. In recent years, counter-development has received much attention in the theoretical literature and urban planning practice. The creative development of cities requires different fields, the most important of which are urban branding and the development of citizen participation. 

Considering the nature and method of answering the research questions, this research is descriptive-quantitative and applied in terms of the type of goal. In this research, information has been collected through surveys and documents. The information obtained from these questionnaires was quantitatively entered into the SPSS software first to check the Cronbach's alpha value in order to confirm the accuracy of the questionnaire. This coefficient, with a value of 0.97, indicates good and reliable internal validity of the questionnaire questions. Then, in the next step, using Smart PLS3 software, the findings were modeled and analyzed. Also, in order to evaluate the collected data, methods of reliability (composite reliability, Cronbach's alpha and average variance) and validity (confirmatory factor analysis and divergent and convergent validity) were used. In the current research, the views and opinions of citizens have been used to investigate the impact of indicators on the realization of a creative city. Therefore, the statistical population in this research includes all citizens living in Rasht. Cochran's formula was used to calculate the sample size, which is 382. In this research, 410 questionnaires were distributed online among citizens and residents of Rasht. Based on this, this research aims to investigate the impact of Rasht's urban management measures in different areas on the realization of the creative food city brand of this city. Finally, for this purpose, appropriate solutions have been provided to achieve this goal. Also, this research aims to answer these questions:-Which index is the most important index in the realization of the creative city brand of Rasht?-In which areas has the performance of urban management been weak? 

From the analysis of the research data, several key categories are obtained. In this section, we will only mention these items. The “Economic Development” index, with the highest average (3.21) and the “Financial Support and Facilitation” index, with an average of 2.56, has the lowest average among the research indicators. Also, the lowest average among the subjects of this research is related to the two indicators of “setting up an electronic system to manage requests” and “a suitable platform for two-way interaction between officials and people.” On the other hand, according to the results of the significance test of the indicators, only the influence of the indicators “use of cultural and historical capacities,” “economic transformation,” and “networking and participation” are confirmed and significant. Finally, the two indicators of “economic transformation” and “networking and participation” have had the greatest impact on the realization of the branding of Rasht in the current conditions. 

According to the results obtained from the model, the index of economic development has had the most significant impact on Rasht's urban branding. After that, the indicators of networking, participation, and the use of historical and cultural capacities have had the greatest impact, respectively. Based on this, economic development in the city, especially in the field of food and feed, and as a result, the improvement of the economic situation is one of the most important factors in improving and realizing the branding of this city. But one of the most important factors for the realization of urban branding is proper networking and infrastructure improvement to increase the level of citizens' participation. In this regard, according to the feedback received from the citizens, setting up an electronic system in order to create a suitable platform for interaction between citizens and city management to take advantage of people's ideas and the creative class can be a fundamental step in improving this index and ultimately improving the image and brand of this city in the national and international arena. On the other hand, the indicator of the use of cultural and historical capacities is another influential factor that requires additional attention from the urban management of this city. Based on this, urban management can play an impressive role in branding this city by improving educational and cultural infrastructures to promote creativity and transfer the cultural and historical assets of Gilan province to the young generation, along with the revival and recreation of historical buildings. However, among the noteworthy results of this research is the low impact and lack of meaning of policy indicators in the field of the creative city, the creation of creative and eventful urban spaces, and especially the indicator of financial support and promotion of the activities of the creative class. This indicator even has a negative impact on branding. Considering the low average of these indicators in Rasht, which is based on the views and evaluation of the citizens, it is not far from the expectation that these indicators have the least or even a negative impact. In this regard, Rasht's urban management policies require special attention regarding financial support for the creative class and providing facilities and facilities to encourage and facilitate the activities of this class so that an effective step can be taken to realize the creative city brand of Rasht. 

There is no funding support. Authors’ ContributionAuthors contributed equally to the conceptualization and writing of the article. All of the authors approved thecontent of the manuscript and agreed on all aspects of the work declaration of competing interest none. Conflict of InterestAuthors declared no conflict of interest. Acknowledgments We are grateful to all the scientific consultants of this paper.

Organizing and ordering the city and how it grows and transforms being fully aware of the various dimensions of its growth and development and controlling its future process requires detailed planning. In this regard, urban development plans have been prepared to better guide their process sustainably. They are considered the most fundamental means of shaping cities based on pre-planned order and plan. Conducting studies and preparing urban development plans are the beginning of improving the physical spatial condition of cities. The present study examines and analyzes urban development plans in Iran using the concepts of planning perspectives and explaining the inefficiency factors of these plans. This research falls under the category of fundamental-developmental research and descriptive-analytical methods. The research method includes library studies in which the basic concepts of planning theory related to development plans have been compiled and evaluated step by step by experts. Based on the obtained results, the criterion of participation and community orientation has an unfavourable situation compared to other criteria. In the staged evaluation of urban development plans, the stages of formulating goals and assessing the current situation have a better status than the stages of decision-making and implementation and evaluation after implementation. Based on this diagnosis, applying these criteria in all stages of preparation and implementation of projects is necessary. Preparing the current plans not only does not respond to many dimensions of the cities, but continuing them in this way and ignoring the basic concepts, has not solved any problems and may cause many problems due to not keeping up with the changes of time.

In its general sense, rent is a non-productive and competitive product that is achieved through natural or artificial scarcity. In urban issues, changing the objective function of urban management to make a profit that harms the public interest can be considered Rent.Capitalism targets the artificial environment and produces space to continue the cycle of capital accumulation.The result of the movement of capital in the artificial environment is a fundamental spatial constraint on scarce urban resources and facilities, which leads to the deprivation of some against the deprivation of another.The reckless circulation of capital in the second cycle and urban spaces is a factor for residential segregation, types of rents, the tendency to integrate the capitalist structure, unequal development of urban spaces and the classification of society.In the meantime, urban management, with its regulatory nature in this unequal competition, must consider the public interest and act in order to balance public and private goals.In countries based on oil economics, with the discovery of oil and the extraction of oil revenues since the early 20th century, a change in these countries' urban systems has emerged and led to a deeper connection between these countries and capitalist relations.In other words, in metropolises that are dependent on the oil economy, the discovery of oil is a turning point in their urban development, which links urbanization with the mechanisms of the capitalist and liberal schools. As a result, urban management becomes a model known as a rentier, which urban management does not act as a regulator but as an actor in the competition for urban space.In other words, urban management goes beyond its regulatory path and acts in the direction of the goals and interests of capitalism or, at the very least, specific individuals and groups. This is due to the fact that rentier urban management makes itself dependent on the construction market, by removing people from the management and participation cycle and thus eliminating toll and tax revenues, which in order to maintain this revenue must provide urban spaces to capital to make money from this.What is discussed as the main issue in this study is the behavior of this phenomenon and its process in the urban management organization and for more scrutinizing the research issue in the context of urban space, the phenomenon has been considered in the urban management system of Tabriz metropolis.

The Current research approach is a qualitative type, which has been done by the method of grounded theory. According to this method, the data collected by in-depth interviews are analyzed in three stages open coding, axial coding, and selective coding, and then the theory is discovered about the understudied phenomenon. The main data source in the data-driven method is an interview, which has been interviewed along with documentary sources in the Current study.These interviews are exploratory, and after each interview, the data obtained from them are encoded. After conducting the interviews and analyzing the responses, the categories were identified and placed under the causal conditions, contextual conditions, intervening conditions, core phenomena, strategies and consequences.

Based on the analysis performed and the results obtained, the causal conditions that cause the phenomenon of rentier in the Urban Management Organization of Iran include; 1- Centralized administrative structure 2- Oil economy 3- Legal grounds and context 4- Weakness in the traditions of collective action 5- Economic adjustment policy and 6- Government downsizing policy.The phenomenon of rent in urban management, according to its characteristics, causes the waste of city resources. Part of this waste has been in the shadow of the commodification of urban space, as a result, urban space is invaded and occupied like a commodity under the control of the capital, and is transformed. In this process, individuals and groups tend to rent based on their abilities and capabilities, such as business capital or personal and group relationships, which in the long run will become a culture. As a result, local city management, which is responsible for regulating the relationship between the use of the city and creating a balance between private and public goals, faces public dissatisfaction and the continuation of the local city management and inability to solve problems, leads to reducing trust and social capital at various levels.Based on the research results, the type of strategy adopted to deal with the rent phenomenon depends on 1- the sensitivity of regulatory bodies 2- public reaction and desire, and 3- organizational will, which can be described as the underlying conditions.Intervention conditions under the headings; 1- Superior rules 2- Administrative structure 3- External relations 4- Internal relations are labeled.Finally, the strategies extracted in five codes include; 1- Strengthening the institutionalization of urban management 2- Support-seeking 3- Transparency 4- Indifference and 5- Accompanying.

It seems that the experience of Iran's urban management, especially at the local level, has not been successful in practice because it has been implemented in a centralized legal and administrative context and even based on the preference and recognition of centralized bureaucracy and not the potential and attraction of society. And always due to the lack of effective participation of people based on historical backgrounds and other factors, has been a place for the phenomenon of rent. In this process, the element of urban management and the private sector encourages the commodification of the urban space and seeks to change it not in the public interest but the interest of some groups. The city management's assumption of the city leads to daily life in decision and action and the continuation of the fundamental issues and problems of the city. An example of this for the metropolis of Tabriz has been the continuation and even expansion of the phenomenon of Slums in recent decades.

The urban environment is a dynamic collaboration of various organizations working together to achieve multiple goals through an unpredictable process of negotiation and mutual demand adjustment. Given that one of the key strategic challenges facing urban organizations is the influence wielded by groups capable of imposing constraints on them, strategic planning should encompass not only the development of a competitive advantage and value creation strategy but also a legitimacy strategy. This legitimacy strategy should be aimed at justifying the organization's actions through a political bargaining process with other city institutions. The current study aims to investigate and prioritize the influential factors of power in shaping strategic thinking of urban management in Khorramabad city. This research follows an applied approach in terms of its objectives and employs a descriptive survey methodology. The research variables encompass the components of power that impact strategic thinking, identified and ranked using the Delphi method and the TOPSIS model. The study's target population includes urban management specialists and experts from Khorramabad, comprising academic scholars, executive managers, and strategy design and implementation consultants, totaling 14 individuals. In the initial stage, examining strategic thinking models, city power theories, and extensive expert consultations identified ten key components. Subsequently, the Delphi method was employed across three rounds to refine these components through expert opinions. In the final step, the TOPSIS method was applied to establish a ranking among these components. The analysis outcomes revealed that the primary influential components of power in urban management's strategic thinking include the power sources of urban organizations, the motivational dynamics of stakeholders, and the patterns of interaction among key stakeholders within the urban power landscape.

Post-COVID management and its optimal organization due to the multiplicity and adjustment of actors in the field of planning, policy-making may exist between two or more people or groups of people with different decisions and differences, and the existing situation arises. The present research aims to explain and apply the theory of games in the urban management network in the field of health, while recognizing the complexity of the problem, and facilitating the multiplicity of actors by modeling and analyzing the behaviors, and decisions of the actors.The present research is in the category of applied-developmental research in terms of its purpose and in the category of descriptive-analytical research in terms of its nature and method, which has been used to introduce, explain and apply game theories in the field of urban management networks in the field of health.For this post-COVID health situation in the city of Jiroft, three main decision-making actors can be distinguished: urban management, health management, infrastructure management. Due to the budget limitation, each of the decision makers has a limited budget, but if they have an efficiency mentality, they can choose options in a better way based on coordination with each other. Competition between decision makers is based on showing the most important option.The findings show that according to the position of the city manager in physical planning and the option of coordinating the actions of other managers, if a percentage of the budget is allocated to the city manager as a management value for achieving cooperation, then the probability of preference for the city manager increases and as a moderator, it is possible to provide the cooperation of the health and infrastructure manager in facilitating access to facilities and communication routes to facilities in the post-COVID era.