جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "گردشگران" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Every year, a large number of tourists travel to other countries for treatment, and while using medical services, they visit the sightseeing spots of the countries. This method of tourism has become common in most countries of the world and as one of the dimensions of tourism, it helps the sustainable development and dynamism of the country's economy. Due to the low cost and high income of this industry, many developing countries focus their attention on this part of the industry and plan for it. Ahvaz city was done in terms of tourists. T-test was used to analyze the data and test the research hypothesis. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS software. The findings of the research show that the answers to the questions of medical, service and welfare infrastructures in Ahvaz city are equal to 3.41, which shows that the concentration of the answers is far from the average value (3). which indicates a large difference between the sample mean and the test value (3), so the hypothesis is confirmed. The results indicate that medical tourism as one of the pillars of tourism in general and medical tourism in particular has received the attention of many countries in recent decades and many of these countries consider medical tourism as one of the axes of creating employment. They have paid attention to earning foreign currency and so on and have taken significant measures in this regard. In Iran, in this phenomenon, in the fourth and fifth development plans, experts in the field of health and treatment and cultural heritage and tourism organization have received attention.

This study focuses on the management of the central urban core of Hamadan, utilizing historical attractions and emphasizing the utilization of historical spaces. The research aims to determine the historical capacities of the central core in tourism development and identify key management components with a specific focus on historical attractions. The statistical population for this research comprises residents, tourists, and businesses located within the central core of Hamadan city. The study falls under the category of fundamental research, employing a descriptive and analytical research method. Data and information were collected using both library and field methods. The SWAT technique, questionnaire surveys, and the SPSS software were employed for data analysis. The research findings demonstrate that the sub-criterion of local investment participation significantly contributes to the development of tourism in the region. Incentive facilities such as granting loans, reducing taxes, and providing specialized entrepreneurial consultations to local investors can encourage local capital to be directed towards the development of tourism-based activities.

Today, globalization and competition of cities to attract citizens, investors and tourists, the image of the city and how it is perceived, globalization, shrinking space and time and the importance and role of cities in the movement of population, labor, capital , Providing distinctive services and attracting tourists, has made the world look like a market in which each country, city or region must compete for its share in trade, political, social and cultural exchanges of the world. Tourists of Azadarvand region use ISM, this research is a survey in terms of practical purpose and in terms of nature and descriptive method. Theoretically, 7 factors influencing the urban brand were identified using interpretive structural modeling and related models, these factors are: 1. Urban facilities 2. Social and cultural space 3. Holding festivals and scientific events 4. Infrastructure Urban Free Zone 5. Pattern Tourism-oriented construction 6. Stories and memories of people 7. Physical structure

To evaluate the model, tourists who have referred to the destination villages of tourism and villages with tourism potential in the Kaleybar region during the first 4 months of 1998-99 have been selected as the statistical population. By measuring the reliability of the questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha, the total reliability of the questionnaire and the validity of the questionnaire in this study were examined. In the present study, for multivariate analyzes, have been used statistical techniques related to structural equation modeling. In this research, SPSS software and Amos Graphic version 22 have been used to determine the structural relationships between variables of the current study. According to the results, it was found that the intellectual and psychological dimension of pleasure with a coefficient of 0.03, has a positive and significant effect on the behavioral intention of tourists in the Kaleybar city. Also, the physical and environmental dimension with a coefficient of 0.03, has a positive and significant effect on the behavioral intention of tourists in the Kaleybar city. Also, the individual and psychological dimension of pleasure with a coefficient of 1.01 has a positive and significant effect on the behavioral intention of tourists.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social participationfactors of citizens and tourists on environmental protection in coastal cities (case studyof Mahmood Abad). The research was conducted in terms of development-practicaland mixed method. The statistical population of the study consisted of facultymembers in the fields of environment, watershed management, agriculture, geography,tourism, Mahmoud Abad universities, managers of public organizations and privatecompanies, employers and contractors. Data collection tools continued in the first partof the semi-structured in-person interview until reaching the theoretical saturationstage. Interviews with 29 individuals (23 males and 6 females) were identified in 4Dand 21 items. The second part of the questionnaire was administered to Delphi group members (n = 8) in two stages for designing the questionnaire. In the quantitative part,a researcher- made questionnaire was distributed online among the statistical sample (n= 85) on a five-point Likert scale. Cronbach's alpha coefficients of behavior (0.769), knowledge and attitude (0.755), religious beliefs (914), and socialization (0.001) were obtained. Β = 0 and significant coefficient t = 13691, meaningful relationship and firstof all standard coefficient between (factors of knowledge and attitude on socialparticipation) β = 0.0302; significant coefficient t = 13.148 In the second rank, thestandard coefficient between (factors of behavior and social participation) β = 0.325;the coefficient of significance t = 12.364 This significant relationship; in the third rankand also the coefficient of standard deviation (factors of religious beliefs on socialparticipation) 316 /. Significant Relationship Coefficient t = 11.964 and ranked third.

Vitality is the desire of citizens to be active and dynamic in urban environments, which makes urban spaces more prosperous and crowded and increases the presence of citizens in public spaces. So far, little attention has been paid to the vitality of urban environments in studies, research and design projects of new cities in Iran. Cities are considered to be the most important political, technological, artistic, cultural and social fruits of human beings, and urban spaces of cities are the most important parts that shape the city. In the meantime, it is important to pay attention to the psychological and physical well-being of human beings. The development of today's cities has generally sacrificed this point for its physical growth and development. Today, one of the most important concerns in designing public spaces in the city is the vibrancy of these places, which continues the presence of citizens. Variety of uses can be mentioned as one of the most important factors in attracting people to this place, but at the same time, this factor alone cannot cause vitality and dynamism of the space. Other factors influencing the vitality of an urban space include cultural, social, and environmental factors.

The present research is descriptive in terms of practical purpose and analytical in terms of nature and descriptive method. Analysis has been used using descriptive statistics and inferential tests (T-test and analysis of variance) and differences and correlations between indicators using structural equation model.The statistical population of this study includes all citizens living in 4 regions of Isfahan, which according to the 2016 census, was 452453 people. The Cochran's formula was estimated to be 95% reliable with a sample size of 584 people. The statistical sample of the study is half of the residents and half of the tourists in the period of January 1996 to June 1997 present in the public spaces of 4 areas of the 15 districts located in the central part of the city and most tourists use these places as territory.

Given that with improved security, and physical identity and attractiveness, vitality also improves. To measure the difference between the two independent groups of citizens and tourists on the average of a (quantitative) livability variable, the T test was used with independent samples. The results showed that the statistical value of t to compare the rate of vitality in public spaces in central Isfahan from the citizens' point of view. Tourists are equal to -0.630, and the probability of their significant study is 0.0529, which is higher than 0.05, so with 0.95 confidence, zero statistical assumption that the rate of vitality in public spaces is equal. Central Isfahan is approved from the point of view of citizens and tourists. As a result, the average livelihood is the same for citizens and tourists.

Vitality is the tendency of citizens to be active and dynamic in urban environments, which makes urban spaces more prosperous and crowded and increases the presence of citizens in public spaces. Vitality is one of the most important constructive qualities of urban spaces to improve the quality of urban spaces and create space.The descriptive and inferential results of the research have been analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software and the results of the hypothesis test showed that based on the results of the structural equation model, the effect of security on vitality is 0.221 and this coefficient has a significant effect . (Coefficient t is greater than 1.96) so the first hypothesis is confirmed. This means that with improved security, vitality also improves. The effect of identity on vitality is 0.854, and this coefficient has a significant effect (coefficient t more than 1.96), so the second hypothesis is confirmed. This means that with the improvement of identity, vitality also improves. The effect of physical attractiveness on vitality is 0.170 and this coefficient has a significant effect (coefficient t is more than 1.96) so the third hypothesis is confirmed. This means that as physical attractiveness improves, so does vitality. The level of vitality in public spaces in the central areas of Isfahan is confirmed from the point of view of citizens and tourists. As a result, the average livelihood is the same for citizens and tourists.

The purpose of this study is to compare the factors affecting on handicrafts shopping behavior between domestic and foreign tourists in Isfahan city. The research method is descriptive and analytic. The statistical sample is 396 tourists (domestic 247, foreign 149). The survey data-collecting tool is a researcher-designed questionnaire. The questionnaire reliability is measured through Cronbach Alpha (0.837). The data were analyzed using one-sample T test, Independent Sample T test, and Mann-Whitney U test. The results indicated that all factors had a positive influence on handicrafts shopping behavior of tourists. In addition, the most important factor affecting on the handicraft shopping behavior for domestic tourists was quality factor, and for domestic tourists was authenticity factor. The results of Independent Samples T-test showed that there weren't difference in the effects of authenticity, price and uniqueness factors between domestic and foreign tourists, 4 factors of situational factor, portability, utility value, attitude about handicrafts were more important for foreign tourists than domestic tourists, and 2 factors of quality and experience were more important for domestic tourists. The study will be useful for the artisans and suppliers in the tourism and handicraft industry to improve their business performances.

The destination image of tourism depends on many factors and is very significant in the choice of tourists. The ease of tourists navigating and searching for information in the environment is effective in forming a positive image of the destination. one of the effective factors on the wayfinding process is urban landmarks and, since the number of tourists familiarity differs from the environment, thus the signs are effective in the routing behavior of individuals. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of urban cues in the route selection behavior of people with different familiarity with the environment.

The research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature is survey. Field survey, questionnaire and cognitive map technique were used to collect data. The target group include tourists in the area and in order to answer the research purpose, statistical sample size was 359 people using Cochran formula which was done by purposeful non-random sampling. The analysis of the information has been carried out by compiling and comparing the cognitive maps of the tourists.

The findings of the study indicate that unfamiliar tourists often have limited knowledge through information familiarity, educational familiarity, and auto-familiarity. In the features of the signs, mystery, excitement and diversity at close range are important to ensure they are on the right track.

  However, familiar tourists have more familiarity with experience, familiarity with proximity, self-esteem, and acquaintance. The multiplicity of signs and the ability to see from long distances are important to them, and people who are familiar need to follow signs from longer distances.

The dynamic and competitive nature of tourism means that staying alive in a competitive world requires the emergence of special interest tourism in hotel industry and tourism marketing. The concept of special interest markets has emerged in recent years and can be said to be the opposite of mass tourism. Special interest markets differentiate tourists and offer activities and services based on their tendency, motivation to travel, and their needs. This study focuses on introduction of themed hotels and follows three major purposes: 1) to identify the suitable themed hotels for investing in Isfahan from the perspective of experts; 2) to investigate the tendency of domestic tourists to accommodate in thematic hotels and 3) to determine the tourists' perspective on the priority of themed hotels. This study was conducted in Isfahan city, Iran, and the data were collected through interview and questionnaire. The qualitative-quantitative method was used in this study and the results illustrated that domestic tourists tend to stay in thematic hotels, and from their point of view, traditional hotels, handicrafts hotels, and hotels that display the historic flourishing area of Isfahan are the top three priorities for accommodation.

As a major architectural and civil treasury in Iran, Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex is characterized by numerous capacities and capabilities. Today, lack of proper attention to perceptive contexts, values, and significances; and valuing it based on its material aspect, has led to unprecedented decrease in meaning and perception weight. This problem leaves visitors frustrated in receiving meaningful messages, leading to decreased place attachment, and reduced loyalty; making them liable to abandon or feel less socially committed. Absence of customers, would make the Bazaar of Tabriz functionally and structurally erroted; having adverse effects on its life. This research is to determine the effects of perceptive contexts, and the demensions of place attachment, on tourists’ place-satisfaction, and active loyalty in Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex. This is an applied research with a descriptive-analytical nature and method. Research data were collected from library and field studies. We bnefited from questionnaires, the validity of which were approved in a facial way, and their reliability, using Cronbach's alpha (0.808). In addition, the research sample was determined using Cochran Formula with 5% error and 95% confidence level. Research sample includes 364 subjects. Spearman's coefficient, and multivariate regression model were employed to analyze the data. Findings and Research findings show that all the studied variables are powerful in determining the variance of place attachment in the Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex in tourists’ eyes. Accordingly, all variables are significant if Coefficient of Determination (R2) were near 1; t-value, greater than 2.33; and β or beta coefficient were at Ƥ2=0.127)- is highly affective in directly determining active loyalty of the tourist in this Bazaar. Attention to the perceptive contexts and features of place attachment -with respect to its significance in terms of tourists' satisfaction and active loyalty- can affect protection methods; leading to effective and targeted presence of tourists and endurance and persistence of Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex; being considered as points of innovations in the present research.

Tourism is an industrial one whose benefits from the economic, social, cultural and environmental point of view are endorsed by authorities and researches all over the world, However, along with many benefits, it also brings disadvantages to host areas, Dispersion of waste, destruction of forests, beach contamination, noise and air pollution and much of it is the responsibility of tourists, which is manifested for a number of reasons, partly due to their lack of awareness or irresponsibility for the environment. The purpose of this study is to assess the extent of tourist responsibility towards the environment and the reasons for such behavior in the tourist areas of Ramsar township. This research, applied and it is a cross- sectional survey based on a questionnaire. The tools used for collecting information, observation, questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population of the study was tourists who visited of Ramsar township in the summer of 1397, which based on the Cochran formula, 384 people were selected as sample size. At the end of the assumptions that were presented, they were analyzed by statistical tests of somers d and Tau b Kendal tests. The results showed that the variables of educational level and age of tourists have a positive and significant impact on their environmental responsibility, and also there is a positive and significant correlation between the economic base of tourists with accountability.

The entrance to the city is a moving path (between the natural subterranean natural boundary with its artificial environment), through which the flow of the city through it is possible and has an independent personality and identity. In the meantime, spontaneous expansion and unplanned development of cities and the lack of appropriate patterns of spatial development have weakened the shape and content of the urban sprawl in Iran, causing serious damage to the city's identity and identity. This paper aims at evaluating the quality and functional quality of urban entrances to evaluate the entrance of the city of Yazd as a tourist destination. The present study is descriptive-analytic in terms of application type. Required data was collected using library studies, field surveys, and a questionnaire tool. Thus, the statistical society of this research is made up of tourists entering Yazd. According to the statistics of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Yazd, the number of tourists entering Yazd in spring of 1397 through three inputs and using the Cochran formula, 320 were selected as sample size. To analyze the data, descriptive statistical methods (frequency distribution and percentage) and inferential statistics method (T side effects test, Kruskal Wallis) have been used. The set of research criteria includes the status of city entrance regarding the quality of the passageways, service facilities, beauty and representation of the city. The findings of the research indicate that tourists have evaluated the quality of the inputs of the city of Yazd in terms of the desired indicators in an average, so that none of the inputs are refocusing the identity of the city. Comparing the three inputs, Yazd-Kerman entrance is lower in terms of tourists.

This study compared the thermal comfort of tourists in the city of Abadan and Zanjan using the Indicators of nervous strain (CI), Terjung and MEMI index is done. To do this research, meteorological data and Zanjan synoptic stations Abadan during a period of 20 years (1394-1374) have been used. the results of bioclimatic nervous strain index (CI) cold conditions in any one month during the year in Abadan station is found. climatic conditions in late autumn and winter (November, December, January, February and March) is cool. Human comfort factors Zanjan stations in summer (July and August) the comfort reigns. The results show that the study area (station Zanjan) eight months of cold air to the skin surface quickly freezes and four months, the weather is very cool and comfort. Bioclimatic index Tarjong daily climatic conditions in Abadan station, respectively, for the months of January, February and March sovereignty air climatic conditions (comfort) show comparing the heat of the day and night conditions Zanjan stations show that in autumn and winter thermal conditions in a cool, cool, very cool and super cool and very cool in summer and spring climate prevails in the region. Index MEMI Abadan in the months of January and February, with the low in March and December cold stress, drought stress, and climatic comfort is the highest quality. According to the model used in the most appropriate time for tourism in winter months (January, February, March) in Abadan and summer months (July, August, September) in Zanjan.

Tourism industry basically is a new source of revenue in developing countries, a social activity, big business and of the most important world's economic sectors which its human-oriented in both supply and demand sides shows the importance of studying and considering people' perception in it's planning. Despite the importance of this issue, only one side's view and perception (in particular the supply side) has been paid in most of tourism researches.
Tehran as a metropolitan city surrounded by some touristic villages. Village of Sulaghan as the most one boasts pleasing weather rural suburbs considered by Tehran tourists. Tourism in this region could be found in various forms including nature - based, construction of villas, second homes, climbing and religious tourism. Since the perception of supply and demand sides is essential for successful tourism development planning, preventing of causing and increasing problems of tourism growth, the present study seeks to answer two main questions:1- Hat is the perception of local residents and tourists about the development of tourism in village of Sulaghan?
2-How much is the importance - performance of tourism development indicators in local residents and tourists perspective?
Methods and Material: In this research, dimensions and indicators of tourism development are extracted from previous research and theoretical base including economic, socio-cultural, environmental, physical and general dimensions. The tool for collecting of required data is a self-administered questionnaire. The present research has used "IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis)" method in IBM SPSS.22 to examine the perception of local community (as supplier side) and tourists (as demand side) about tourism development in the village simultaneously. The statistical population consists of two groups of local residents of the village and those who visit this destination (tourists). Since the number of both statistical populations is not precisely determined, in each statistical society, 30 questionnaires are distributed and the size of two samples is determined using the collected data and sample size determination formula.

demographically, 59.8% of locals are male, 28.5% aged 40-49, 63.6% had an imcome of 1-2million Toman and 17.5% have been living in the village for over 20 years. In the second sample (tourists), 59.4% of tourists are male, 29.0% aged 30-39, 45.5% visited twice, 45.9% visited for recreation and 81.7% were citizens of Tehran.
Analysis of the results of 239 questionnaires of local people and 148 questionnaires of tourists illustrate that in local people point of view, among the 5 dimensions, economic dimension has the most of importance and performance average and the least difference between its importance and performance. Environmental (2.58) and public (2.06) dimensions had the greatest amount of difference. concerning the importance, economic had the most (4.34), then environmental (4.25), socio-cultural (4.20) and finally general (4.18) and physical (4.18) dimensions.
In opinion of demand side, security (average: 4.90), natural attractions and hospitality (4.83), health local restaurants (4.82), transportation quality (4.81), recreation facilities (4.81), environment sanitation (4.81) and finally cost-effectiveness of recreational tourism services (4.80) are the most important dimensions. However, such features as recreational facilities, transportation quality and access to village, tourist guide information, possibility of visiting of the rustic texture and cleanliness of nature have the most amount of difference between their importance and performance.

paying attention to demand and supply sides are vital in rural tourism development as an important part of tourism industry. The results provide valuable information on supply and demand's perceptions of Sulaghan tourism development's current situation. Likewise, in developing countries, the first and most important reason for tourism development is to benefit from its positive economic effects. A debatable result of the economic dimension is the local population's dissatisfaction with the increasing of property value. The idea is that increasing the value of properties is not a high priority for people, but the performance of this indicator is more attention; more clearly, people are dissatisfied with the jumping properties price in the village due to tourism growth. In addition lack of tourism management causes the environmental and socio-cultural challenges in Sulaghan. Considering the capacities and potential in rural areas and the adoption of environmental protection policies and strategies along with wise planning and management of tourism tends to be a suitable basis for sustainable development.
Generally some of suggestions like improving the rural environment and transportation (roads) situation, controlling the illegal constructions, maintenance of traditional village texture and improving the situation of all indicators that their distance of importance and performance is high, can increase the quality of visiting and the competitiveness of rural tourism in Sulaghan.

rural tourism refers to all tourism activities in rural areas with respect to the traditional rural culture, art, cottage industries, and traditional customs and practices. Because of the growth and competitive nature of tourism, the need to develop and promote qualitative and quantitative functions and infrastructure needed for tourists is undeniable. With the growth of tourism, satisfaction of tourists, as a tool for growth and competitive advantage, has been considered. One way to measure the efficiency of services and facilities in an area is to assess the opinions of operators and users of these services. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors influencing tourist's satisfaction and functions of rural tourism infrastructure in the villages of Foman County. This research was applied in nature and descriptive-analytical in method. In order to collect the required data, both documentary and field (questionnaire) was used. The study population was regional tourists, based on which a sample of 380 people were randomly selected. Analysis was done using the Kano model. The results showed that the safety of tourists by a factor of 0.743 is the most basic requirement, local cuisine with a satisfaction rate of 0.794 is the most important functional requirement, and satisfaction the diversity of activity by a factor of 0.762 is the most important tourist's attraction requirement.

Tourism industry as a dynamic industry, an important part of economic activities and the country's production is allocated. In the meantime, Destination branding is one of the most important issues in the field of location marketing and tourism marketing is converted. Tourism destination brand equity is the sum of assets (or liabilities) brand name and symbol tourism destination in relation to the changes in the value of the services and experiences that are provided, is determined. Given the importance of this issue, in this study to assess and prioritize tourism destinations by tourists in the province of Guilan looked at from the perspective of brand equity. The research method is descriptive - research. The study population included all tourists Guilan province using random sampling of 380 people in total and selected province through questionnaire variables such as image data, awareness, perceived quality and brand loyalty, ultimately, the destination was collected. To analyze the obtained data of all the items are weighted using the hierarchical model Fuller triangle, In the next stage Oreste ranking model based on the brand equity of of Guilan province was a tourists. The results indicate higher value tourism brand of Bandar Anzali, Fooman, Rasht and Astara and unsuitable conditions in Amlash, Rezvanshahr and Some Sara.

Because of Imam Reza’s shrine Mashhad metropolis is the center of more than fifteen million tourists and pilgrims each year. In terms of supply, one of the major concerns for decision-makers and urban planners is providing accommodation for these tourist and pilgrims, while in terms of demand on the part of tourists, selecting suitable accommodation with different criteria such as good location, facilities, fame, cost and quality of services is of concern.  Therefore, the main goal of this article was to analyze the criteria influencing the hotel selection from the perspective of tourists in Mashhad. This study was an applied quantitative research and was carried out using a descriptive-analytical method. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made questionnaire. The research population consisted of the tourists who stayed in hotels of Mashhad in August 2014. Among the resident tourists, 200 individuals were selected as the sample size based on the Cochran's formula. Generally, the research findings indicated that the criteria of hotel selection from the viewpoints of tourists were the quality of services (91.5%), geographical location, facilities and cost (76.5%) and fame and image (64.5%) respectively.

As the most tourist attracting water cave in the country, Ali Sadr cave, located in Hamadan-Kabdtar Ahang, attracts thousands of internal and external tourists each year. It is considered as one of the most well-known caves in the world not only for its beauty but also for the numerous tourists it attracts. As a matter of fact more than 12000 people visit the cave during warm seasons, especially on holidays and weekends. Due to a lot of breathings, simultaneous entrance of tons of visitors into the cave makes the carbon dioxide concentration increase. Mixing with relatively high humidity which is saturated or near to be saturated, they make an acid environment inside the cave, especially in the roof including a lot of gaps and tracks. This phenomenon leads to corrosion and shelling out the secondary shapes available inside the cave namely stalactites, stalagmites and curtains. The present study aims at finding the role of visitors in corrosion and shelling out the secondary shapes in Ali Sadr Cave based on the Weight method. Therefore, the related data such as temperature, relative humidity and the cave carbon dioxide are gathered in order to simulate the cave climate in controlled laboratory conditions.
In order to gather the related data to the role of visitors in climate elements variation and available Carbone dioxide inside the cave, the cave space is divided into two experimental region (visitors moving location) and controlled region (forbidden and uncleansed regions). Moreover, the tunnels, channels and lobbies are divided into three regions called low, middle, and high statures to increase the accuracy of data gathering and also considering different carbon dioxide concentrations in the channels and lobbies with different dimensions. The data were gathered by applying Co2 detector system type AZ77535 during a 30-day period in summer (at the time of maximum visitors’ entrance to the cave) and another 30-day period in fall (at the time of minimum visitors’ entrance to the cave). As the average data for Carbone dioxide, relative humidity, temperature and visitors portion in the data concentration increase and decrease were determined, the inside climate of the cave was simulated in the controlled laboratory condition. After precise determining of physical and chemical features, the disk stone samples, taken from three regions inside the cave, were tested in three glass chambers with different cycles during 60 days based on the numerical minimum, average and maximum of obtained carbon dioxide. The numbers were the result of a 60-day data gathering and the simulation of temperature and relative humidity in the experimental region inside the cave. After removing the samples from the glass chambers and determining exact physical properties, the solving and corrosion rates were obtained separately for natural and human influential factors based on weight method.
Result and The findings reveal that the amount of the dissolution and lamination of the secondary shapes inside the Ali Sadr Cave is 0.078 G/cm3 annually that 0.060 G/cm3 of this amount equals to 77% of the total annual dissolution of the tourists portion. The results of the variance analysis of the taken carbon dioxide from the inside of the cave show that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the experimental areas in the summer simultaneously with the presence of the maximum number of visitors in different hours has significant differences. However, these dioxide concentration differences are not significant in the salons and corridors with different height. In other words, the size and height of the corridors are not regarded so important in the caves visited by a large number of tourists, for the concentration of carbon dioxide is the same through the cave. As a matter of fact, the dissolution and destruction of the cave walls and shapes happen in the same rate and amount.
One of the most important phenomena which attracts thousands of tourists into the caves annually is the secondary interesting and fascinating shapes. The more gradual destruction of these wonderful shapes, the more decrease in the number of the tourists. In fact, the investment and advertisement which aims at increasing the number of the tourists not only can have a negative effect on the long run, but also can decrease the number of the visitors as a result of secondary shapes destruction in the cave. In the long run, this process will have significant effects on destroying the secondary Karst shapes inside the cave leading to decrease the stability of the tourism industry in this area.

Rural tourism, has far-reaching cultural burden in all circumstances, despite having different nature. Cultural impact & cultural influence can be seen in both the hosts and guests communities, depending on the social circumstances, acceptance or rejection is different. The study of the impacts of tourism on host communities, is one of the main of interest areas to geographers and as well as other tourism researchers. The impacts of tourism are positive and negative, that both of them should be studied in the analyzing their effects on the host community. One of the most important dimensions of tourism is the cultural aspect. Indeed, the social and cultural impacts of tourism are the most important considerations for tourism development in any region, particularly in rural areas, so that the effectiveness and cultural influences between host and guest communities is so high and, that so far has been less studied or explored in scientific circles. As mentioned, This type of tourism is based on the existence of cultural attractions, is called culture-based tourism, Since there are so many religious shrines and cultural relics in the region of Sulaqan, hence, the aim of this research is the study of the impacts of rural tourism with emphasis on culture-based strategy in Sulqan rural district. This study was carried out using the descriptive-analytical method, and the data were collected through surveying through questionnaire designed by researcher. The sampling population of studied area includes 360 people in the two groups of tourists and the local community that is obtained by the Cochran formula. Nominal method was used to determine the validity of them. The validity of the questionnaires was confirmed by the panel of experts. Cronbakh alpha’s coefficient was used to determine the reliability of the questionnaires. Cronbakh alpha’s coefficients were obtained for the tourists questionnaire 0.81, for the local community questionnaire 0.84, and for village administrators and experts questionnaire 0.82, the obtained values are all satisfactory in humanities researches. Data have been analyzed and tested by correlation tests, one sample T-test, promote multivariate model. The results showed that, there is significant correlation between the impacts of tourism development and socio-cultural changes in the studied area, and the maximum impacts are seen in the field of changes in the costume & clothing of rural youth and the local residents customs. The results based on findings show that the greatest change in cultural dimensions calculated t 318/49. Based on the results obtained from the promote model, maximum impacts and socio- cultural changes occurred in Sulaqan and EmamzadeDavud and upper Sangan. Therefore, It can be noted that rural tourism development in the study area has a profound influence on socio-cultural changes.