جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « new town » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

As the world rapidly urbanizes, there is much focus on achieving sustainability outcomes within cities. Accomplishing this goal requires not only envisioning sustainable cities and implementing strategies, but it also demands assessing progress towards sustainable urban development. In this research, the condition of the new city of Sahand has been measured in terms of sustainable urban development indicators.The current research is an applied study that employs a descriptive-analytical design for its purposes.The current research is an applied study that employs a descriptive-analytical design for its purposes. Research indicators in social, economic, environmental and institutional dimensions were identified and operationally defined using theoretical literature. and two methods of secondary analysis(through registration data including studies of the master plan of the new city of Sahand and statistical blocks of 2016) and field survey (with the tool of researcher-made questionnaires in the number of 383 questionnaires) were collected. And they were analyzed using Friedman, one-sample T tests and Vikor model. The findings of the research show that the condition of the new city of Sahand is low in terms of sustainable development indicators in all dimensions and there is a significant difference between the phases of the new city of Sahand. Phases 1 and 2 are the first and second priorities and phases 3 and 4 are the next priorities. Phases 1 and 2 of Sahand have a more favorable situation than phases 3 and 4 due to their older age and the formation of infrastructure,urban services, economic activities and optimal performance of urban management in providing services.Planning to reduce the problems of the city of Sahand through the expansion of public spaces, the quantitative and qualitative increase of service spaces and the active participation of citizens in the city administration can be effective in improving the situation of the city of Sahand.

One of the most important challenges in contemporary cities is the identity crisis that is affected by the lack of sense of place, belonging to the place, and attachment to it. In this regard, new towns have been exposed to a lack of identity more than others due to less residential background. On the other hand, understanding and analyzing the effective factors of the sense of place in new towns have significant effects on solving the existing issues. For this reason, it is a must to study the current situation of new towns. So, this study aims to compare the sense of place among three new towns around Tehran, namely Pardis (phase 1), Parand (phase 2), and Andisheh (phase 3). The method of this qualitative study is descriptive-analytical based on documental studies and surveys. In this study, reviewing the literature shows that sense of place is a subjective concept that is derived from objective aspects. This sense depends on both individuals who percept it and the characteristics and situation of the place.  The data (based on respondents who were residents of case studies by sampling) were analyzed using the TOPSIS technique. The results show that the sense of place in phase 3 in Andisheh new town is more than that in the two others that is because of the higher quality of the physical and spatial environment and also adaptation to standards and principles of urbanism. So, improving the physical and spatial qualities in new towns in particular in the field of various activities (mix land use) that are responding to the daily needs of residents, high quality of infrastructures such as roads, facilities, and equipment, considering to order, harmony and human scale of the space during planning and designing, making the spaces attractive for increasing the presence and high-quality urban furniture can increase a sense of place that leads to identity in these areas.

In the last few decades, due to the tendency of people to migrate to large cities and metropolises due to the appropriate economic opportunities in them, we have witnessed significant population growth in these cities, which in itself has led to challenges. شده Ha and issues. One of the solutions proposed by experts and activists in the field of urban management to solve these challenges has been the planning and location of new cities around these metropolises. However, considering the fact that the citizens in these new cities already had appropriate facilities and facilities in the city of origin, it can be said that in their understanding of spatial justice in these cities The new one will create challenges. In this regard, this study was formed with the aim of examining citizens' readings of new cities based on spatial justice. To achieve the goal, after explaining the effective indicators of spatial justice according to the research literature, a structured questionnaire was designed and distributed among citizens in Parand. Data analysis by Farid Man test method showed that people living in this city, more than anything else, have considered daily service uses as an effective factor in the perceptual reading of spatial justice in the new town Parand . Accordingly، it was concluded that citizens in the study of spatial justice first consider their most basic needs.

New towns are communities and planned cities where all aspects of development begin before construction. The increase in the population of the country's metropolises, especially Tehran, has put the physical development of these cities in an unreasonable direction and has faced new problems for the lives of citizens and newly urbanized groups. Accordingly, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the effective indicators in the new towns of Pardis and Hashtgerd. The present study, according to the nature of the subject and its general purpose, is descriptive and analytical and was conducted with a questionnaire of 100 people. The variables were evaluated in 4 sections: social, cultural, infrastructure and leisure. Path analysis and regression were used to measure the quality of life. Findings show that a unit change in the standard deviation of the variable of mixing performance and activity and compatibility of activities, causes the standard deviation of the dependent variable (general area of worn tissue) to change by 83 and 77%. The results show that the leisure variable was the only variable that could only directly affect the quality of life. Of course, because this variable enters the equation immediately after the quality of life variable and is considered as an intermediate (internal) dependent variable, so it has no indirect effect on quality of life. Key words: New town, Hashtgerd, Pardis, path analysis..

The term Biophilia was first used by Eric Form in 1964 to describe the psychological tendency to be obsessed with all living things. The word is literally a name entered into the Merriam Webster dictionary in 1979 and means the innate human ability to communicate with creatures in nature. The purpose of the present study is explaining viability criteria based on Biophilic planning in new towns of Iran. On the other hand, the mentioned concepts have been raised in Western literature, so the localization of its principles considering the native condition of Iran is one of the main objectives of this study. The research method is "descriptive-analytical". In order to collect the data, first the Meta synthesis method (selective coding) and questionnaire were used. To analyze the data, the SPSS software was used. Multivariate regression test was used to analyze any relationship between the variables of the study. The findings showed that achieving viability is possible through Biophilic planning; also the most important component is urban management in influential viability in Iran new towns.

An urban environment with suitable quality & neighborhoods as fundamental elements can induct satisfactory and well-fair feelings to the inhabitants. The main goal of this article is to conceptualize environmental quality contents in new towns neighborhoods by evaluating satisfaction rate of inhabitant of environmental quality factors. Therefor we extract 25 factors from fundamental theories of environmental quality in three deferent dimensions of Experimental, Functional & nature of environment. With these factors we evaluate environmental quality of 4 different neighborhoods of Pardis. Considering the main goal, we will evaluate the connection between the environmental quality indicators and the satisfaction rate of the residential environment neighborhood. This connection will be shown in a model evaluating environmental quality of Pardis new town.
Study shows that there are six basic factors, defining satisfaction of Pardis habitants, while the overall score of satisfaction rate is low which explains inability of Pardis town to fulfill inhabitant needs and desires.

New towns of Iran, with their numerous shortages in different stages of planning and performance, impose so many challenges to their residences; challenges which often change into problems and make their lives difficult. One of these problems is the low safety feeling among residences of these towns. Since safety feeling is the basis of increasing the quality of life, lack of it can reduce the quality of life. Necessity of improving living conditions for new towns’ residents forms this study. This study aims to survey land market and the economic performance of housing, one of the main aspects of urban economy, on the safety feeling of new towns’ residences. Research methodology of this study is descriptive in which questionnaires have been used in addition to the usage of documents. Statistical society includes Sadra’s residents above 15 that is 29952 persons due to the General Population and Housing Census of 2011. Sample size of the study which was obtained through Cochran formula, including the 5% error, is 380 persons. Questionnaires results indicates that planning deficits in this economic sector motivated the speculators to invade these towns. Despite the fact that this town has been established more than two decades ago, so many fragmented constructions transformed this town into a massive construction site. This massive construction site, along with vacant lands, quite streets, absence of sense of belonging, and presence of temporary residences like seasonal workers has increased the safety feeling among the residences. There is no doubt that this problem, if not be faced soon, will keep decreasing quality of life in Sadra.

This study aims to identify the components of the subjective quality of life and measure the perceptual quality of the environment based on the satisfaction level of residents in Hashtgerd New Town. To this end, the descriptive-analytical approach was used, and the data collection method was based on a questionnaire. The components of the quality of life in the area under investigation were identified using exploratory factor analysis. Six factors were extracted, which explained 56.83% of the variance in the dependent variable, i.e., quality of life in the subjective dimension. The indicators were also analyzed and measured using different statistical methods, such as frequency distribution, spearman correlation coefficient, Phi, Cramer's, and one-sample t-tests. The average cutoff scoresfor the components of ‘access to neighborhood services’, ‘environmental’, ‘place attachment’, ‘housing facilities’, ‘readability’, and ‘security’ were 16.87, 15.9, 6.96, 15.47, 7.62, and 7.74, respectively, and their differences with the average observed scores for these components were 4.13, 1/2, 2.04, 5.53, 1.38, and 1.26, respectively. The results of the one-sample t-tests showed that these differences were statistically significant as the significance levels were all less than 0.05. Based on the results, it can be concluded that the satisfaction of the citizens in this area with the quality of the environment is not at the desired level. Furthermore, the results indicated that, unlike the variables of age and level of education, the length of residence, gender, and marital status were factors substantially affecting the satisfaction of citizens.

Abstract New cities as we experience, think, plan, planning, manufacturing, policy and human utopia against conflict cities of the late nineteenth century that without ability distribution and proper organization of population and its activities introduced. Escape of the problems This new approach without the Assessment and Evaluation the condition time, social, economical and space effective and special on The urban landscapes that occur in all cities raised quickly build. This article Objective This article evaluated the dynamics and mobility of these cities that mainly the type of satellite cities and to organize on population of major cities are designed. Data and information includes assessment of urban dynamics indicators such as population, residence, mobility, natural and historical attractions and their sub-branches following model is ELECTRE. According to the research objective that is evaluation and selection successful model, new towns Parand, Binaloud, Baharestan Sadra, Sahand are examined where influence regions in major cities and with regard to growth, prosperity and dynamism them positioning. Results indicated that among the cities studied the New Town Sadra according to matrix effectively coordinated and uncoordinated has better. Finally, with choose a dynamic model and SWOT analytical techniques characterized qualitative factors affecting the process and suit strategies to specific circumstances presented in each city.

One of the important and effective means in the upgrade of quality of the human environment is the sense of place. The sense that is regarded as the formation foundation of communication of users and the environment، which finally leads to the creation of quality environments. The research has been carried out with 379 samples، and the aim was the evaluation of sense of belonging to place of Hashtgerd new town inhabitans. The research method was descriptive–analytical. The data obtained through the questionnaires have been described and analyzed by using SPSS software and applying statistical methods including frequency distribution، ANOVA test، Spearman correlation coefficient and Pearson، and regression analysis. The test results showed that there was a significant relationship between four variables of the period of residence، residents security feeling in place، access to urban services and social and public activity with the sense of attachment to place. therefore increasing the period of residence، urban services، feeling of security، social and public activity and the increasing sense of attachment to place of the residents of Hashtgerd new towns. Also the results of the regression analysis showed that approximately 29% of the changes in the dependent variable (residents'' sense of place) the independent variables (duration of stay، urban services، place security، social and public activity).

The absorption of the overflow of population has been one of the main reasons for establishing new towns and satellite settlements on the periphery of metropolises. A few decades after beginnings of the establishment of these settlements، many residents of new towns look these places as temporary settlement، and if prerequisites of migration are prepared، they would migrate to metropolis as soon as possible. This paper is analytical and causal research that investigates the factors affecting population migration in satellite settlements of Isfahan city. For this purpose and at first step، people’s tendency to migration was examined in studied settlements; for positive cases، the main factors affecting this tendency were questioned; finally these factors were analyzed to determine their portion in this respect. The questionnaire survey was designed to collect needed data، and analysis of data was done by using the method of regression analysis applying SPSS software. Theoretical bases: As previously mentioned the first step of this study devoted to investigate the rate of households’ tendency to migration. Then، among households with positive tendency، related affecting factors were studied; based on this research these factors are as follows: shortcomings in health and curative services، shortage of leisure time spending spaces and shortage of security. The intrinsic importance of these factors is attributed as follow. World Health Organization recognized health as a state or quality of complete physical، emotional، social، economic، cultural and spiritual well-being (Marotz، 2008). Each of these dimensions points one of the main aspects of human health، yet they have close relationship and reciprocal effects. “Basically four important groups of determinants can be distinguished: life-style، the physical environment، the social environment and endogenous individual attributes، either genetic or acquired during life; The physical and social environments، as well as life-style are regarded as exogenous determinants” (de Hollander and Staatsen، 2003). “Urban ecosystem health is not defined as a standard quantitative measurement، but rather described as what healthy urban ecosystems should or should not contain. This statement reflects the vagueness of urban ecosystem health. Based on the acknowledged need to sustainably integrate reasonable human demands and the ecosystem''s ability for renewal، the inclusive factors of a healthy urban ecosystem can be drafted from both the human and ecological dimensions” (Su et al.، 2010، 2427). Mental restfulness and psychological health is one of important dimensions of human health that is affected by life environment attributes. In this respect، “A prerequisite for a sustainable urban environment is that it should not pose a threat to current or future users. The reduction of threats to personal health and the natural environment are the objectives commonly associated with the idea of sustainable urban development. However، in a sustainable urban environment it is also essential that the inhabitants should not have cause for fear for their personal safety and the safety of possessions” (Cozens، 2002; Du Plessis، 1999). CPTED (crime prevention through environmental design) is defined by Crowe (2000) as “the proper design and effective use of the built environment which can lead to a reduction in the fear of crime and the incidence of crime، and to an improvement in the quality of life”. It involves the design and management of the physical environment to reduce the opportunities for crime (Cozens، 2002). WHO has sought to place health more centrally on the sustainable development agenda (Schirnding، 2002). Sustainable development cannot be achieved if there is a high prevalence of debilitating illness and poverty، and the health of populations cannot be maintained without healthy environments and intact life-support systems (Schirnding، 2002). Poor health may cause entire families to drop into abject poverty، because of inability to work or the necessity to sell assets in order to pay for treatment (Smith et al.، 2009). Regional inequality in health could be a result of inequalities in economic development، public health expenditures، and health care services (Fanga et al.، 2010). For some، a commitment to equity in health means that all social groups should have a basic minimum level of well-being and services (Braveman and Tarimo، 2002). Today، investment in health is touted as the route to economic development. Substantially increased fund allocations for health، from both domestic and external aid، are promised to usher in economic growth (John and Abel، 2002). Urban planners have become increasingly interested in how they can help improve human health (Slotterback et al.، 2011). It is widely recognized that the spatial planning of human urban activity is affecting quality of life، health and well-being (Barton، 2009). Health and land use planning are historically linked. Modern planning originated in the nineteenth century expressly in order to combat unhealthy conditions. It was recognized then، and still is، that there is an umbilical link between environmental conditions and human health. The environment is seen as one of the key determinants of health، alongside inherited characteristics، lifestyles، and social and economic variables (Barton، 2009). The result of study show that 39 percent of households tend to migrate to metropolis. The most important factors affecting on tendency to migration to metropolis are as follows: shortcomings in health and curative services، shortage of leisure time spending spaces and shortage of security; these factors was named as “Life Health Factors”. For determining the rate of effect of selected factors on tendency to migration، regression analysis was used; in this way، mentioned three factors were assumed as independent variable and tendency to migration as dependent variable. Results show that these factors explain 78% of the changes of tendency to migration. So، it seems that improvement of healthy city indicators in new towns and satellite settlements - whose one of their main goals is absorption of metropolises’ overflow population- emphasizing mentioned three factors can decrease their people’s tendency to migration to metropolis. The main goals of establishing new towns and satellite settlements in Iran were decentralization، absorption of the overflow of metropolises’ population etc. Achieving this goal depends on making new towns as healthy environments; because these settlements should be alive and responsive enough to be effective in the way of requested aims. The result of this study shows that life health and environmental health are of great importance in this respect; shortcomings in health and curative services، shortage of leisure time spending spaces and shortage of security were main factors effecting population tendency to migration from new towns and satellite settlements to metropolis or downtown. All of these factors are related to human health dimensions; in fact، the mentioned factors have close link with mental restfulness and psychological health، health services etc. However، if new towns and satellite settlements of metropolises are not healthy environments، they cannot act effective in maintaining absorbed people، and they would be seen as temporary settlements and consequently they would not achieved their predicted goals. So، for preventing or decreasing these migrations، improvement of the healthy city indicators and life health factors in periphery settlements is necessary; In fact، the environment of these settlements should have enough attractions to decrease migration tendency.

Industrial Revolution and its outcomes caused fast growth of cities and urbanization. Population and industries and overconcentration (especially metropolitans and big cities) and low quality of life on one hand and the limitations of horizontal growth on the other hand, put the strategy of building new towns as the agenda of the governments aiming to absorb population overflow and removing concentration from the metropolitans. Building new towns in Iran has begun since 1980s as a basic solution in the country's system of urbanism. Now with more than two decades of new towns activity, assessment of their Performance seems necessary. For this goal Andishe new town with population of 75596, the most populated new town within other new towns around Tehran-the country's biggest metropolitan is studied. In this research the data of Statistical Centre of Iran interviews with the authorities of New Towns Construction Company, field studies and questionnaires were used. SPSS software was used for data analysis. The findings show that Andishe new town has been successful in absorbing population overflow, gaining the inhabitants satisfaction and providing jobs.

The new town, as it is perceived in this research, is a city which is conceived, established and developed in order to adopt and adapt the overflow of Tehran population. The central urban area of Tehran is the first urban area in Iran from the perspective of the density of population, the capacity of production; the first potential of education center and the highly invested area among the other urban areas. Due to the fact that the relative per capita income is the highest in Tehran compared to the rest of the country, this area has attracted the most number of people and has been developed to the most populated area. This has led to various problems with the residential areas and the density of the urban population in this area. Andisheh new town (14000 acres) within a distance of 40 kilometer from Tehran, in the southwest of Tehran, bordering Kraj from west, extended to Shahryar from south and east and limited by the Kraj river from north, was established and developed to attract part of the population of Tehran which is estimated to be 21 million by 1395. The year 1370 was marked as the debut of the plan and the government stared privatizing the ownership of the area a year later. In the current research there were two main hypotheses tested: the fair price of the land in this area will attract population and the short distance from Tehran will attract population. The two hypotheses were tested using the SPSS software and the results proved the two hypotheses were accepted.

New towns as the planned settlements have faced to great amount of challenges in their period of formation. This paper with the objective of considering urban development challenges faced to the Iran New Towns urban development process، proceeds to case studying of Majlesi New Town، and also for presenting a strategic view about mentioned challenges proceeds to pioneering the essential challenges of Majlesi New Town urban development in point of view of experts and decision makers and decision takers related to Majlesi New Town. For reaching mentioned objective the research method using in this paper is descriptive-analytical method and the Fuzzy Delphi Analytical Hierarchy Process is the technique using for pioneering Majlesi New Town urban development challenges. Outcomes indicate that mentioned challenges are classified in the form of Four strategic challenges groups. This challenge groups are as follows: 1- define a long-term development vision 2- sustainable economy frameworks 3- public services 4- urban image and competitiveness of Majlesi New Town.

The characteristics of cities are described with different criteria. Based on the difference of form & content & performance, cities can be placed into different types.These criteria, That in some sense are forming theessentialstructure of the city, are changeable from one city to another. Many of scholars believe that one of the biggest reason for the failure of new cities in different areas, is the lack of identity, the crisis in identity has some bitter consequences such as lack of nesponsibility, indiffrences & despondency. So, this project was done with 396 participants of sample so as to evaluate the identity of the residents of the new city of Fooladshahr. The method of the research is analytical –descriptive that determined the volume of sample via the kokran formula. The questionaries was given inneighbours unitvia the application of possible scientific sampling classification. The collected input from questionaries are described, analyzed by the use of SPSS software, statistics methods such as frequency dispersion, ANOVA Test, Tokey Test, calculation of identity average & Pierson correlation coefficiency. The process of research is conducted based on 3 assumptions, That were provided as response to the questions. The result of this research showes that there are correlationships between the duration of people’s living in city & the rate of their satisfication due to the access to the urban services & the rate of the sense of dependency on living area. The obtained results rejects the correlation between the educational level of the residents & the sense of identity which is felt among the residents.

Rural management in Iran confront of many variety from past to today. Thereforethe Constructing new towns are done to the aim of spatial structure, optimum use ofnatural sources, limiting the dimensions of population centralization in towns and landlogistic in biology system in the country. for removing the centralization andabsorbing the surplus of the population of large cities with some millions populationsuch as Tehran and mashhad .Preventing the irregular development balance and controlling the migrationmovements, constructing new towns has been known as the best choice. hashtgerd newtown has services – industrial performance like other new towns pearl to arrive forquantitative a lot larget wait item good luck is so much unposses. in this citynopopulation where there is other basis efforts and per for mances and unother standardsnot any for figures wait item don’t to get and so even very distance there from they.

Constructing new towns are done to the aim of spatial structure, optimum use ofnatural sources, limiting the dimensions of population centralization in towns and landlogistic in biology system in the country. For removing the centralization andabsorbing the surplus of the population of large cities with some millions populationssuch as Tehran and Mashhad, preventing the irregular development in large cities,making economical and social development balance and controlling the migrationmovements, constructing new towns has been known as the best choice, Andisheh newtown has accommodation and services performance, and among the four new towns ofTehran (Andished, Hashtgerd, Pardis and Parand) is the only town which could attactthe population more than the expected number in the plan for year 2006. However, thiscity, the same as the other new towns in Iran, has performed weak in urban sustainabledevelopment.

In connection with new towns, it is worth mentioning that they are generated and developed based on some kinds of industrial, mineral, touristy and - especially- agricultural activities. Their existence mostly depends upon the development of non urban activities. Concentration of the services for special activity in certain placs shapes the central part - or the core- of the city; through passing of time and the expansion of dimensions of activities of the city, and the size of the city expands. Pars Abad new town, as an urban center, has shaped based on agricultural and agro-industrial activities and despite its short history, compared with other cities and towns in the region (Ardabil province), currently ranks second in the province, both in terms of population and extent. Variable, such as population, the number and dimension of the households, the number of residential buildings, the rate of employment in important economic sectors, the volume of production and the rate of employment and investment in agro-industry units and physical expansion of the city, during different periods, have been examined.On closer examination through collected data, information and the study of the maps and different satellite pictures of the Pars Abad, it is found that the number of the population and the size of the city have increased about 170 and 10 times respectively during 4 decades, from 1977 to 2008. The government has invested heavily in order to establish Moghan and Pars Agro-industry complex and their annual turnover amount to billions of Rials. A large proportion of the city’s employment belongs to agro-industry companies; total job opportunity created by these companies is nearly 10000 jobs. Furthermore, services such as transportations, affiliated industries and other services generate great number of indirect job opportunities, several times more than direct ones generated by agro-industry companies. As mentioned, two firms have over 10000 employee and pay more than 400billion rials salary to their employees. The economy of the city, therefore, strongly depends on these companies; so that when these companies delay paying salaries, the consequences of recession is obvious. Generally, most people who participated in the interview, which selected from all groups living in the city, believe that the continuation of the life of the city is almost impossible without these agro-industry companies. The expansion of Pars Abad new town, which had about 500 people according to 1956 census and with an increased and unique population growth rate, among the cities of the country, based on the latest census at 2006, its population has increased dramatically and reached to about 82000, as a result of development of the agro-industry complexes and the creation of different job opportunities in the field of agricultural activities, production processes, processing industries and finally the value-added, resulting from large scale agriculture sector with state management. At the present, the life of the city, economically and socially, depends on agro-industries and affiliated activities, in such a manner that, it seems as though, the continuation of the process of the city development and prosperity is impossible, without the mentioned activities. Furthermore, some new employment and job opportunities come into existence and different enterprises established out of agriculture development. New shopping and business centers established along the main and minor roads to the city and finally, the dimension of the traffic to the city increased. The city currently ranks the second in the Ardabil province, in terms of different urbanization indicators. About 94 percent of the people, who participated in the interview, argued that the agro-industries complexes and related economic activities have had the greatest effect on physical development of Pars Abad, during the last 4 decades. The main goals of this article are to examine the influence of the agro-industry activities on the urbanization process, socio-economic and physical transformations and understanding the mechanisms of the agro-industry activities on the urban development of Pars Abad new town. In this study, besides the examining of the documents, books and census information, interview and field-study techniques have been vastly used.