جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « sari city » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Elderly and disabled people are among the groups that face numerous challenges in the city. Despite their desire to participate in social interactions and use public spaces, they do not have access to suitable urban spaces that provide them with the possibility of independent living. The present research is of an applied nature and is a descriptive survey in terms of methodology. The components of an elderly-friendly city have been extracted based on the World Health Organization guidelines for such cities. The overall results of the study show that the lack of necessary infrastructure for disabled and elderly individuals in the inefficient and old fabric of Sari City has made their access to urban facilities difficult. The urban space mismatch, which has arisen from the organic growth of the city in recent decades, is mainly found in this part of the city and has led to their isolation due to non-compliance with their needs and desires. In general, half of the research hypotheses were accepted, while the other half were rejected. The situation in the open space and transportation infrastructure section was evaluated as less undesirable than other sections, while the social services and housing sections were somewhat better. In general, turning Sari into an elder-friendly city or its equivalent has a long way to go due to its physical, structural, and organic growth shortcomings and weaknesses.

The purpose of the present research is to investigate the distribution of sports use in Sari with a creative city approach along improve citizen’s enjoyment of sports spaces in Sari. Due to the present research and analyzed components, the research type is applied and the method of doing it, is descriptive-analytical according to the nature of work and concerning the same method, was accomplished the distribution of sport use in Sari city from the viewpoint of creative city approach. The method of collecting library and documentary information and conducting interviews and field observations and the research-made questionnaire were also used. This questionnaire was randomly distributed among 400 users of sports places and equipment in Sari neighborhoods in 31 items of 6 dimensions. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS and smart PLS (3) statistical softwares. The findings showed, the relationship between the distribution of Sari sports use with dimensions (social, sports, cultural, physical, communicational and entrepreneurship) and also every dimension’ relationship with its criteria is positive and significant and the criterion of goodness of fit model is (GOF = 0.611(. As a result, the overall research model fit is well and the model structure fits well with data. Therefore, in order to achieve high utilization of Sari city spaces with creative city approach, it is recommended that city managers use citizen’s opinions and suggestions to provide plans in sports and using the art and attention to ancient sports cultures and the revival to create creativity in Sari city.

As the most complex manufactured structures, cities face excessive population growth. Their expansion has intensified on high-risk sites, and the available evidence also indicates the continuous increase of all types of natural crises in terms of intensity and frequency. Scientific and experimental findings show that the best way to deal with danger is to promote the resilience of settlements in different dimensions (social, economic-livelihood, physical-spatial and institutional); in other words, resilience in both human and environmental dimensions comprehensively. It decreases and increases. This research has evaluated and analyzed the components of resilience in Sari. The method of the present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical and field in nature. The statistical population in this research includes citizens living in the four districts of Sari, and the sample size was determined based on Cochran's formula of 383 people, who were selected from among the statistical population by stratified sampling. The questionnaire is the method of collecting library and field information and its most important tool. For data analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics (one-sample t-test and structural equation modeling) were used by SPSS and Smart PLS software, and entropy and SAW models were exerted. The research results indicate that the situation of the four regions of Sari regarding social components has better conditions than other dimensions of resilience. In terms of institutional components, they have a vulnerable state. According to the entropy model, among the components of resilience, the institutional dimension has the most weight, and the economic dimension has the least weight. Moreover, according to the SAV model, Region 1 ranks first, and Region 3 of Sari ranks last in having the components of resilience dimensions.

Agricultural land-use changes are considered as one of the undesirable phenomena indicating the greedy nature of humans. One of the most important consequences of this undesirable change is disorder in the livelihoods and income of local residents and the occurrence of population movements. Accordingly, the main objective of this study is to investigate the consequence of agricultural land-use change on the demographic changes in rural areas of Sari city. The method of this study is descriptive-analytical and library and survey methods were used to collect data. The statistical population of the study was 25 villages, which were selected by random quota sampling and according to Cochran formula, 381 families were selected as sample size. The results of the analysis showed that in the last decade, agricultural lands has been decreased by 6% in the studied villages. It has had a great impact on the rural population dynamics. In villages near to the city and the sea due to their proximity to Sari city and having more job opportunities and benefiting from services and infrastructure an increase in population density has occurred, while in remote villages due to lack of access and unfavorable services and facilities, and value added of agricultural land-use change population decline has occurred.

In recent years, the unprecedented growth of population and the enormous damage caused by natural and human hazards to the physical and urban environment has made resilience an important topic in natural hazard studies. In the present study, evaluation of resilience of Sari city with emphasis on physical dimension by using Reverse Hierarchical Analysis (IHWP) model using eleven physical indicators such as road width, access to green and open spaces, access to multipurpose spaces, distance from worn-out tissue, and so on. The statistical sample of the study was 48 experts in urban planning and crisis management in the form of Delphi questionnaire. The outputs of the questionnaire modeled in GIS software and the final physical resiliency map of Sari produced. The results show that 50% of city area has low and very low resiliency, 19% moderate and 31% high and very high; and resiliency increased from west to east, and the northwest and northeast parts of the city are less resilient. Finally, some suggestions made to improve resilience.

Viability has been considered mainly since the late twentieth century, because urban spaces were plagued by issues such as poor environmental quality, noise and air pollution. The massive wave of urbanization and its problems has always added to the importance of viability and made it difficult and impossible to ignore. The purpose of this study is to rank the areas of Sari in terms of urban viability indicators. Things such as high level of satisfaction with neighbors and relations with them, the appropriate quality of neighborhood events and conferences and active participation in them, the existence of appropriate spaces for dialogue and expression of intimacy between the community, the existence of a sense of trust in their neighbors, existence The high participation of the people in the common affairs of the neighborhood and the high level of trust of the people of the neighborhood in each other has brought a better situation than other areas.

The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. To collect data in this research, two documentary and field methods have been used. In the documentary-library method, referring to scientific articles, books, research and urban projects, and doctoral dissertations and theses, theoretical foundations and related sections were collected. In the field method, the required data were collected using a questionnaire. The logic of snowball sampling has been done among 20 urban planning specialists and the components of three social, environmental and economic indicators have been used in this regard. For the social index, the components of relations with neighbors, access and quality of educational facilities, access And the quality of health facilities, access and quality of recreational facilities, sense of security and sense of belonging and for the environmental index, components of facilities and equipment, visual quality, types of environmental pollution and green space and for the economic index, components of living conditions, housing and Quality of housing, access to service, religious, commercial, transportation, and public transportation were considered. In this paper, Cronbach's alpha method was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire, which is equal to 0.871, which is more than 0.7 and is a suitable value for humanities research. The validity of the questionnaire was also confirmed by referring to experts. Topsis multi-criteria decision making method was used for ranking. Findings showed that areas 1-2, 6-3 and 1-1 in the social person are in a high rank and enjoy. It is important to note that the geographical location of the areas mentioned in the map indicates that the more marginal areas of the city have a better social status.

In the environmental index of livability, the urban areas of Sari are in a good condition and 4 areas are in a good condition; Areas 2-1, 5-3, 5-2 and 1-1, respectively. In the geographical distribution of these areas, it can be seen that they mostly belong to the suburbs and the residents have expressed that these areas are in a good condition in the following indicators. Improvement in components such as, good condition of water, electricity, telephone gas and mobile phone antenna infrastructure in the area, design and general plan suitable for the neighborhood, good condition of the neighborhood in terms of freshness and vitality and visual beauty of the neighborhood, satisfaction From low noise pollution and noise caused by construction, neighbors, etc., lack of pollution and odors caused by various wastes, proper location and access to green space in the neighborhood and satisfaction with the amount of green space in the neighborhood and .. It was more evident in these areas than in other areas. According to the ranking of areas based on the components of the economic index, it can be said that 8 out of 20 areas are in good condition; Areas 2-1, 1-3, 5-3, 1-4, 2-3, 7-2, 1-2 and 5-2, respectively. These areas are clearly located on the western outskirts of the city, each of these areas can be assessed in a good condition based on the proposed indicators. The appropriate situation of these areas in components such as the appropriate situation of employment, income and non-reliance of households on cash subsidies, the extent and service of public transportation and the quality of private vehicles, the quality of parking and car parking and the appropriate width of roads and sidewalks. Overall satisfaction with housing, age and life of housing and resistance to floods and earthquakes, proper access to health centers, pharmacies, mosques and cultural-religious centers and proper access to services and daily consumer goods and proximity to shopping centers And the bank has become the reason for Rajan in these areas compared to other areas.

Findings of the study on the other hand showed that in this case, the situation of 5 areas were considered and the level of viability in them was moderate; Areas 2-1, 5-3, 1-3, 5-2 and 2-3. According to the map, these areas are located in the northern and southern suburbs of the city, and citizens have expressed their high satisfaction with the viability. On the other hand, 3 areas were in the hands of deprived areas; Areas 4-3, 7-1 and 4-2 In the case of other areas, the priority coefficient was such that they could be placed in the semi-privileged category. In total, it can be concluded that 17 out of 20 districts are in a favorable condition of viability, which indicates the average condition of viability in the city of Sari. In general, it can be said that the central areas of Sari city are in an unfavorable situation in terms of quality of livability due to the low quality of green space, worn texture, population density, etc., and need more attention. Thus, the situation of 5 districts is considered to be favorable, mainly areas of 2-1, 5-3, 1-3, 5-2 and 2-3. According to the map, these areas are located in the northern and southern suburbs of the city, and citizens have expressed their high satisfaction with the viability. On the other hand, 3 areas were in .

With the beginning of the Industrial Revolution in 1830 and the growing growth of human knowledge, various changes have taken place in human life and human needs for energy and consumption of fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas have led to a sharp increase in materials such as Carbon dioxide has been released into the atmosphere. Increasing its population exacerbates this phenomenon. All of these changes have caused the weather to change. The phenomenon of climate change, which is mainly related to the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, is a clear example in this field. This phenomenon causes many current problems such as gradual warming of the climate, melting of ice, rising sea levels, torrential rains, increasing drought, acid rain and threats to human health. And wildlife species in different regions of the earth (Atabi et al., 2007: 146). The development of urbanization and migration of rural residents to cities to enjoy the benefits of civilization, especially in the second half of the twentieth century led to the overdevelopment of cities (Alijani et al., 2010: 541). The desirability and quality of urban areas make a difference in the value of land use. Knowledge of how urban temperature patterns are distributed allows planners to manage the construction of urban green space to adjust the temperature. Also, by studying the relationship between user patterns and the distribution of thermal patterns, it is possible to provide programs to change and relocate these uses to improve environmental conditions. Despite the year-on-year changes in the average temperature due to the natural variability of the climate, increasing trends in the average annual temperature are evident in most parts of Iran, including the city of Sari. These increasing trends are mainly due to the increase of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (due to the burning of fossil fuels and changes in the surface characteristics of urban areas (Alizadeh Chobari et al., 2016: 571 and 572). In this regard, the city Sari is located in a dense area of ​​activity and residential centers and with its various capabilities has been able to enjoy a special position in the province.This city due to its strategic location and suitable climate and location ‌ Tourism and unique agricultural capabilities are facing population growth and increased migration. Considering the challenges such as the increasing growth of the urban population, the uneven expansion of cities, the destruction of the environment, etc., which has reduced the quality of life and created heterogeneous uses in different urban areas; As a result, the climatic parameters of the region are also subject to change. In this regard, the effect of these changes on the city of Sari and solutions to deal with it have been studied.

The present research is applied-developmental for the purpose and is descriptive-analytical according to the method of work. In this study, in order to measure the spatial distribution of population in the eleven districts of Sari, data under the Geographic Information System (GIS) has been used. In order to investigate the spatial distribution of population in each area of ​​Sari, the Shannon relative entropy model has been used and to calculate the maximum thermal island intensity, the Oke numerical-theoretical equation has been used. Sari, the capital of Mazandaran province in northern Iran, is one of the largest and most populous cities in Mazandaran province and the north of the country, which is located at 53 degrees and 37 minutes east longitude and 34 degrees and 36 minutes north latitude. In terms of natural location, this city is located in the south of the Caspian Sea and in the plains of Sari city and only its southern and southwestern parts lead to mountains and low satellite hills. The height of the city from the sea level is 18.5 meters and the difference in its area to the coast of the Caspian Sea is 24 kilometers. The general slope of the city is from south to north and is very gentle (Sari Master Plan Studies, Mazand Tarh Consulting Engineers, 2015).

In the present study, the relationship between the spatial distribution of the population and the creation of thermal islands in the city of Sari has been investigated. After examining the spatial distribution of population and the intensity of changes in thermal islands, it is concluded that there is a relative relationship between the two indicators of spatial distribution of population and the intensity of changes in thermal islands in Sari. In region 2 of region 3 of Sari city, which had the lowest equilibrium in the spatial distribution of population, the intensity of changes in thermal islands was also low, and in areas where the spatial distribution of population was semi-balanced (region one of region one, regions 1 and 2 from region 2, and region 1 from region 3 of Sari city), the intensity of thermal island changes was low. Also, in the areas where the spatial distribution of the population was balanced (areas 2, 3 and 4 of area one, areas 3 and 4 of area 2 and area one of area 4), the intensity of thermal island changes was low and moderate. The results indicate the fact that there is a direct relationship between net residential density and the intensity of changes in thermal islands in the city of Sari. As the net residential density increases, the intensity of changes in thermal islands in Sari city increases, and as the net residential density decreases, the intensity of thermal island changes decreases. Based on the findings of the survey of Sari city areas and analysis of the spatial distribution of population and the maximum intensity of thermal island changes, it is concluded that there is a relative relationship between these two indicators in Sari city areas. In the areas that had the lowest equilibrium in the spatial distribution of the population, more intensity changes were observed in the thermal islands and in the areas where the spatial distribution of the population was semi-balanced and balanced, the intensity of changes was less in the heat islands. On the other hand, according to the results of Spearman correlation coefficient, it can be said that the most important effective factor in the maximum intensity of thermal island changes, which is inversely related to this phenomenon, is the net residential density. Areas in Sari that have the highest intensity of thermal island changes They also had the lowest net residential density. Therefore, it is necessary to apply appropriate policies such as revising and improving management in the way of population loading in various urban development plans and planning for the management and organization of urban structures in relation to the intensity of changes in thermal islands. ‌ Can be effective. It can also provide favorable grounds for guiding the development of population policies in various urban development plans to create a balance with sustainability in the city of Sari.

In recent years, most risk-related research has shifted its paradigm from a loss-reduction model to a more inclusive local community model. Accordingly, the views and theories of disaster management and sustainable development seek to create resilient societies against natural hazards. Resilience is the degree of resistance of systems, their ability to tolerate change and disruption and the continuity of relationships between individuals and variables. This study, considering such a definition for resilience, evaluates the resilience of seven neighborhoods of Sari city (intersection of section eight - Salman Fars - Piroozi, Tabarestan, central city center - municipality near Babol Gate, Moallem, Besat Free Zone - Nehzat and Shahband and Barrier) has dealt with natural hazards. The basis of spatial analysis in this research is the divisions of neighborhood planning units (according to the comprehensive plan of the city). The sample population is equal to the statistical population (18 experts in municipal, housing and urban planning, natural resources, etc.). Seven indicators (building strength, land and urban infrastructure, open spaces, physical environment, uses, economic and social) were designed and the required data were obtained; finally, various indicators were weighted by experts to make environmental risk planning desirable. Evaluation of urban resilience and ranking of neighborhoods in Sari city has been done using WP and WASPAS evaluation models. The results show that out of seven neighborhoods in Sari, only one neighborhood (‌Chahar Rahbakhsh Hasht, Salman Farsi) is in very good condition and Tabarestan neighborhood is in good condition in terms of resilience. Also, according to the results of both models, the northern regions are in a very good and good condition in terms of resilience, while the southern and central regions are in a very weak and alert state.

The increase in population and the development of urbanization and, consequently, diforested areas have caused an increase in the surface temperature in urban areas, which results in an urban heat island. The heat islands of the city is one of the factors that has become important at the same time with the development of the city and today it can be calculated and evaluated using satellite images. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the points of temperature changes, land use, vegetation, traffic and soil types relationship with surface temperature in Sari and the trend of its spatial changes during the two time periods of 1988 and 2018. For this purpose, TIRS and Landsat 5 and 8 TM images in a period of 30 years (1988-2018) were used to study the heat island changes and calculate the surface temperature with a single-channel algorithm. The results showed that during a period of 30 years with a decrease of 235.3 hectares of green space and a 34% increase in land occupation in Sari, the area of heat islands increased by 21.83%. Also, considering the value of P-value less than 0.05, it showed that there is a significant relationship between vegetation index and city occupation level with land surface temperature and it can be argued that land use change, vegetation and traffic due to population growth and land use change is one of the main factors in increasing spatial changes in the heat islands of Sari.

The geographical distribution of earthquakes shows that almost the entire territory of Iran is at risk of earthquakes and is potentially unsafe. In the last 40 years, a number of devastating earthquakes have occurred in eastern, western, northern and southern Iran. The city of Sari is three and half kilometers away from this fault and 37.5 km away from the Alborz fault. Considering the existence of seismic faults in Mazandaran province, which can endanger the city of Sari, assessing its vulnerability using an appropriate model is necessary and unavoidable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radius model to estimate the damage caused by earthquake in Sari. Two scenarios were considered with respect to the two faults of Khazar and northern Alborz to estimate the damage caused by a possible earthquake in the study area. Data analysis was performed according to database-based methods using the Radius model and software based on the geographic information system approach. The results showed that according to the Khazar fault scenario, 18910 buildings will be demolished, 2382 people will be killed, and 22897 people will be injured. According to the Alborz fault scenario, 3086 buildings will be demolished, 15 people will be killed and 2102 people will be injured. Due to the short distance between the Khazar fault and the study area, this fault causes the most damage to the region. The results of this study provide useful information for decision making in the city's seismic risk reduction plan.

In today's competitive market, returning tourists to destinations is one of the most important goals of tourism managers. This descriptive-analytical kind study done based on documentary and field studies. The main aim of this study is analysis of factors affecting tourist loyalty to historical attractions of Sari ancient region. The field surveys included the distribution of questionnaires and Gathering votes of 360 tourists visiting the area. In this study, components such as heritage capacities, managerial performance and tourism infrastructures are examined. The validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by several academic colleagues and the reliability of the tool was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha (.952). SPSS statistical software was used for data processing, and t-test, Mann-Whitney and linear regression were used for data analysis. The results show that loyalty is in favorable situation from tourist's viewpoint and gender does not affect loyalty. The destination cultural heritage capacities is the most influential factor on the loyalty variable, which is related to the multiplicity and diversity of heritage attractions. It can also be concluded that improving infrastructure status will have a positive impact on cultural heritage tourism development and increasing tourist's loyalty.

Today, the transportation and traffic as socio-political as a socio-political phenomenon, it plays an important role in the quality and socio-economic structure of a society. The purpose of this study is Measuring the effectiveness of transportation planning with global green economy indicators. Type of this research is descriptive-analytic study. And collect data from field studies and library use. Also for analysis multi-criteria decision-making models (DEMATEL) is used. The findings show that among the main criteria for research, development of non-motorized transport with the highest weight factor and direct impact in first place with (36/81) points, the cost of accidents with a score (33/37) in second place and eventually travel demand management with a score (36/81) in third with and these factors are the most important factors in the development of sustainable transport in the city of Sari.The SWOT model has been used to identify the strengths, weaknesses, threats and opportunities for sustainable transportation in Sari. The final strategy for the development of sustainable transportation in Sari is an aggressive strategy. Finally, with the Qspm matrix, the prioritization of strategies for sustainable transportation planning was determined.

Nowadays, comparing the urban planning standards to the use of green spaces in different cities of Iran, it is clear that many cities face major shortcomings in this regard. Also inappropriate frequency and lack of fair distribution have caused problems for people such as uneasy access. The objective of this study was to investigate urban socio-economic homogeneous neighborhoods to emphasize the fair use of green spaces and parks. Delphi technique and TOPSIS algorithms were used to test and determine indices and alternatives and to do measurements. The test results showed that Bakhsh Hasht neighborhood is the most homogeneous neighborhood with the closeness coefficient to the ideal 0.98. The closeness coefficients to the ideals of the other neighborhoods are as follows: Nahzat –Jaame Jam 0.84, Imamzadeh Abbas Jonubi 0.83, Pivandi-Mirzamani 0.82, Baft markazi 0.51, Tabarestan 0.47 and Moalem Shomali 0.44. In addition, the most deprived neighborhoods with low green space and closeness coefficients to the ideal were the neighborhoods: Posht hotel and Mahdi Abad with the coefficient 0.

Measurement of green space at the neighborhood level is very important, because neighborhoods are in the primary level for action on green space strategies. Neighborhood means closeness and connectivity and can be defined as the domain of homogeneous characteristics. Green space inequality can ease environmental health inequalities. Thus, identifying vulnerable neighborhoods and demographic groups plays an important role in epidemiologic research and healthy urban planning. Therefore, in this study, the level of green space in the social and economic homogeneous neighborhoods of the city is investigated, and the currently existing inequalities are explained. Therefore, the main questions of the research that are taken into consideration are as follows:1-What is the per capita position of the green space in the neighborhoods?2. What is the ranking of green spaces in the neighborhoods of Sari in terms of social justice?

The present study is an applied study and uses descriptive-analytical method. Data collection is based on documentary and statistical method conducted in the Iranian Green Spaces and Parks Organization and statistical block of Sari Municipality. Analyzing and processing of the collected data, determining the indexes and ranking of the options were used by the use of hierarchical analysis models. Indicators were screened and calibrated using Delphi technique. To investigate spatial analysis, weights of the matrices of indices and altars (neighborhoods) along with complicated calculations of TOPSIS model, several software packages were used.

By the use of Primary Paired Comparison Matrix, the final weights are calculated in the AHP model with the EXPERT CHOICE software to participate in the process of forming the matrix of the Topsis model. Using Delphi method in two stages, the experts of the Municipality as well as the experts Parks and Green Spaces Organization Sari, seven indicators were selected among several suggested indicators. In the review and study of the green spaces of Sari, the findings show that there is a more scientific definition of green space. In fact, we have two functional green spaces in the city, a biological green space (BGS) that includes ventilation and oxygen supply, aesthetic, psychological and environmental dimensions and another kind which is called a green social space (GSS) that includes green space equipped and a temporary residence for leisure and recreation. 7 justification indicators and inclusion of green space in the neighborhood are as follows: 1 - total per capita green space 2 -per capita of parks and squares (per capita of green social space) 3- features and facilities 4 - vitality and social happiness 5-social security 6-social participation and 7-distribution of green space (social) based on population. Among the existing spaces, public spaces and social spaces (parks and fields) have per capita 1,045 m2, and Including boulevards, green triangular patches and other green spaces, they have a per capita of 6.22 m2 per person. According to findings and evaluation of research in terms of facilities, there is one appropriate park in Bakhsh Hasht neighborhood with almost complete facilities and spaces and there are also two smaller parks with the appropriate green space for the neighborhood population and relatively with suitable facilities. Then, neighborhoods Jaame Jam and the Imam Zadeh Abbas Jonubi have the most favorable conditions among the other parks of the neighborhoods. Based on Social Security Indexes and social participation along with field observations and experts’ ranking, best numbers are given to 6 neighborhoods including: Mirzamani-pyvandi, Bakhsh Hasht, Jaame Jam, Tabaristan, Baft vije, and Moalem jonubi. The most desirable amounts of vitality in neighborhoods belong to the six pre-existing neighborhoods. Finally, in terms of the distribution of green spaces, Bakhsh Hasht was recognized as the most desirable neighborhood. By the use of the TOPSIS process, this study ranked the social homogeneous neighborhoods in terms of fair enjoyment of green space. Based on this algorithm, a matrix of variables and indexes was arranged. By performing calculations of the middle matrices of the model, we finally mapped the Euclidean distance of each positive and negative variant with the following formula.

In this article neighborhoods are divided into two types of physical and social-economic homogeneity in terms of the social justice. On this basis, the foundations of the formation of neighborhoods were noticed by socio-economic bases. In this research, green space is divided into two types of social green spaces with social function and biological green spaces with environmental function as a ventilation and refreshment of the city's space.Social justice in neighborhoods of Sari city was measured based on the most important indicators of green space. According to the achieved results, the most enjoyable homogeneous neighborhoods in Sari city are according to the results, Bakhsh Hasht, Nehzat-Jaame Jam, Imam Zadeh Abbas Jonubi and Peyvandi-Mirzamani. In general, all neighborhoods of Sari are inadequate and unsanctioned in the green community, even in neighborhoods with more favorable socio-economic bases, the situation is far from ideal.KeywordHomogeneous neighborhoods, enjoyment, green space, social justice, Sari city-

Monitoring the effectiveness of planning and transport policy t sihe essential needs of the transport authority in Improvement of urban transportn with ew approach of green economy, which in recent years has seen much interest in the UN, the developed countries and some developing countries.Type of this research is descriptive-analytic study. To collect data were used from library and field studies (questionnaires and interviews). Also for analysis multi-criteria decision-making models (DEMATEL fuzzy& TOPSIS) is used. The findings show that among the main criteria for research, Development of non-motorized transport with the highest weight factor and direct impact in first place with (38/36) points, the cost of accidents with a score (37/36) in second place and eventually travel demand management with a score (18/36) in third with and these factors are the most important factors in the development of sustainable transport in the city of Sari. And that the delivery service, travel time, daily and cultural preservation, respectively, with scores (93/30), (87/30) and (78/30) have accounted for 28-30 Ratings; That these factors have the least impact. The main criteria are also based on TOPSIS reflects the fact that economic, social And environmental indicators with ratings (0.9913190), (0.721271) and (0.693431) have first to third positions respectively in terms of experts, business professionalse and conomic stability index is the main priority for the context of sustainable transport in the city of Sari. Finally, with the introduction of ASI strategyAnd during interviews with key stakeholders in the field of transport, ،Priority of non-motorized transportation at the head of the Transportation Master Plan، Increase the capacity of the streets to create a variety of public transport systems and encouraging private sector investment in the development of public transport ، As important factors in the development of green transport in the city of Sari suggested.

Every year we see natural disasters causing major financial and human losses to human societies, and unfortunately, our country also has a bitter taste of it every now and then. Floods, earthquakes, droughts, frostbites, storms, and so on ... There are a lot of financial and financial losses to the country, which will require measures to reduce the damage caused by these disasters. Definitely, the first step is to understand and understand these phenomena. The development of the process of urbanization and degradation of vegetation, soil erosion, and global climate change has already paid attention to the importance of addressing the issue of the urban flood. This research was carried out to determine the risk of flooding in Sari using multi-criteria decision-making techniques. Using nine criteria, the distance from the river, runoff coefficient, CN coefficient, population density, residential density, slope, land use, the age of the building and outdoor space were developed. By preparing the required layers, determining the weight of each layer based on their importance in the occurrence of a flood. After the final weighing, the layers were compared in two to two by Expert Choice software and the matrices derived from these comparisons were transferred to Idrisi software and the final coefficient was determined for each layer. Finally, by applying these coefficients, ArcGIS software provided a flood risk zoning map in the city of Sari. The results show that flood risk in the center and south of the city has been the highest. Flood risk zoning map shows that 12.24% of the map area is in a very high danger zone and 37.05% in very low-risk zoning. To reduce the risk of retrofitting buildings around the river to reduce flood damage.

The uncontrolled development of the city as a kind of risk arises. Drastic changes in land use around and inside the city limits of good land degradation and environmental pollution that can threaten human health and the environment. This research have taken place to predict the development of the City of Sari and surrounding villages and to achieve the perfect result from satellite imagery of Landsat series (years 1365 and 1394) and layers of information such as distance to fault, distance from the river, distance from Energy lines, sensitivity of rock units, distance from roads, urban development modeling with logistic regression model was used. With using ROC the validity of the model was calculated 0.7603 that confirms the model probability results validity to predict urban growth. After mapping, the possibility of urban development and population growth prediction, two scenarios with historical approaches considering the normal development of the Environmental Approach to conserve forest, garden and water levels for the study area up to the year 1404 were defined and accordingly urban development in the direction lands was limited. According to calculations inside the city of sari within an area of 481.88 hectares and a population of over 50,507 people and in a range of 151.36 hectares outside the city a population of over 12805 people in 1404 will be added. According to results, the management needs to necessary urban and rural administrative measures to comply with environmental issues for urban and rural areas that will be added in the next 10 years.

The increasing growth of Sari population and consequently increasing the number of inner city transportation vehicles has made traffic as one of the main problems in Sari and Consequently has caused a variety of environmental and social consequences and finally threatening the safety of citizen's health and comfort. Therefore, the current study with the aim of reviewing the trend of sustainability of transportation vehicles and the effective factors on sustainable factors is of applied one and the used method is of descriptive- analytical one. And for gathering information, documentary –statistical and field method has been used. For analysis of findings, firstly by ecological footprint method (EFA), the sustainability process of urban transportation vehicles in Sari city have been analyzed in 2015 and the obtained results were compared with the global standards and in continue, TOPSIS model was used for weithing of the effective factors on the sustainable transportation which is related to AST strategy. The results show that in Sari city, minibus has the largest ecological footprint (with 0.00048 Hectares) and the least one is related to bus with an ecological foot print of (0.000027 Hectares). comparing the foot print of urban transportation vehicles with the Standard values indicates that except bus, other types of transportation systems of Sari city have more foor print in comparing with the global standard (2011). Also the effective factors on Sari urban sustainable transportation according to the view of specialists and TOPSIS model , reflects this idea that priority of non-motorized transportation at the head of the Transportation Master Plan¡ Increase the capacity of the streets to create a variety of clean public transport systems And encourage people to take necessary trips by public transport with scores (0/724), (0/654) and (0/624) Respectively, have had the greatest impact on Green transport in the city of Sari.

The rapid growth of urbanization heavy pressure on land and resources around them and reduce vegetation garden and agricultural land, open spaces and serious social and environmental problems Developments since the beginning of this century for the rapid development of industry and population growth combined with the variety of geographical system Land led to the development of activities and facilities heterogeneous in population distribution between urban and rural areas is environmental changes in the socio-cultural, economic and physical development and Open Space are physical uncontrolled urban issue that in recent years the city has attracted scholars consider providing certain conditions as well as the periods to changes in the organization led construction and thus to ensure continuity of knowledge of the city and its evolution in the development of this study is to understand the factors necessary .Goal in the physical development of Sari, according to the concept of sustainable development of urban space. The research of my thesis on the subject of development - physical space of the city and its environmental impacts (case study Sari) is extracted. The purpose of this research is descriptive and based on the nature and purpose of Shannon entropy models used Holdren. The results of this research will be infectious causes such as urban sprawl physical development, increased thirty times the population within 90 years 82% of physical susceptibility, related to population growth and18 percent growth in horizontal and spiral city. And finally the output of this research is that, given the rising trend of Sari especially in recent years, Physical development of urban space is not sporadic, meaning that the city without proper application and positioning applications , Is expanding and is located in the fertile lands and agricultural appropriate, by physical land is being swallowed, And it's important to us that this warning should avoid this risk, we designed a strategic plan The remaining land swallowed by the user to avoid the physical and the physical expansion of the city rather than on the surface, the height and use it to push the empty spaces within the city.

Increase environmental security (based on how people receive from their environment) in order to improve the "urban spaces" of the most important approaches of developed countries in the field of urban planning and "environmental design" are considered. What is called subjective and objective security is as a result of the structure and layout of environment. Due to the structure and layout of environment, the criteria and standards for the design of urban spaces for the increase should be considered. CPTED approaches, including approaches based "Reducing crime through environmental design", emphasizes. Depending on the spatial distribution of parks and access them with diverse functions. This study aims to explain the impact of operation of parks in the security and safety of citizens (Based Approach CPTED) Pay. With regard to the changing nature of the test and Kruskal-Wallis, The SPSS software to evaluate the average sense of security is used in each of the parks. The research method is descriptive – analytical and the survey was used to gather the opinions of citizens. Using a sample of 360 questionnaires were distributed at 6 Park Sari prepared Research results show that 99% significance level Union Park dominant in the study area with work gloves - communication provides the highest sense of security for citizens But the martyr Forest Park farm near Surrey Park accommodations dominant performance when placed in spaces where citizens have the lowest sense of security.