جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « social solidarity » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Emile Durkheim's approach is based on finding something that keeps people together in a society. We believe that ritual functions can be considered as a stimulus for collective formation. The research method is descriptive-analytical based on a field survey (questionnaire). The statistics of the present research are citizens and business people. Their number is unknown. According to Cochran's formula method, 350 people were questioned as a sample. In order to recognize the impact and significant relationship of social solidarity indicators with ritual codes of study, the sample t-tech statistical test and Pearson's correlation were used using SPSS software. The results showed that among the indicators of social solidarity, the variables of belonging to historical and traditional contexts, promoting identity, recalling collective memories, feeling happy and alive, accessibility, social communication and interactions, and sense of security, respectively, with an average of 4.09, 3.80, 3.73, 3.57, 3.46, 3.39, 3.35 had had the most significant impact in promoting ritual functions. The drivers of the ritual functions of space are more affected than we mentioned, while lack of furniture reinforcement, reducing the attractiveness of the entrance and proper flooring, none participating in the reconstruction and preservation of identity buildings, lack of cleanliness, lack of installation of guide signs as a problem must have considered. Findings showed that the more the quality of the visual and physical signs of the space improves in terms of symmetry and physical unity, the more significant the impact will be on the continuation of the formation and promotion of the study-oriented ritual functions and vice versa

The mosque in Islam, the oldest institution in its history, plays a crucial role in shaping the concept of an Islamic city. The mosque is the most important symbol of the Islamic city in terms of landscape architecture and urban structure. However, the realization of an Islamic city requires attention to other aspects of the mosque as well. In today's era, especially in developing countries, a lack of trust and attention to societal needs can be seen in the lives of most city dwellers. As Islamic cities grow and transform into social centers, they often experience a decline in social solidarity and civic engagement, disrupting the system of collective relations and its functions. Therefore, it is essential to plan to increase social solidarity and prioritize these issues to raise social capital in cities.Among the places that can be effective in this field are mosques. By relying on Islamic teachings, mosques can help instill a sense of identity among citizens and significantly impact social solidarity and the development of Islamic cities, laying the foundation for a new Islamic civilization. This article is part of qualitative and applied research, conducted using library and documentation methods, aiming to explain the role of the mosque in achieving social solidarity and developing Islamic cities. The main question posed is: What is the role of the mosque in realizing social solidarity and the development of the Islamic city?The research findings show that mosques play a role beyond their physical presence in the emergence of Islamic cities. Mosques have various functions beyond religious use, and in the absence of alternative social and cultural institutions and spatial solutions in Islamic cities, the potential of the mosque as a religious and social center can be utilized to foster unity among citizens and promote social solidarity. This phenomenon has gradually spread to other Islamic cities due to their shared Islamic identity. Proper use of mosques can address many social problems of citizens in Islamic cities and contribute to their development. 

Today, the social context of Islamic neighborhoods and cities is very weak in terms of capital and assets derived from the network of residents' relations and how they interact with each other, and people should be addressed as people rather than citizens. The absence or lack of opportunities for citizen participation in the administration of the city has made them isolated. For this reason, it is necessary to look for elements in Islamic cities that are effective in realizing the title of Islamic city and its development and social solidarity. Religion is the deepest, truest and most enduring thing that can lead people to internal social solidarity, and this internal collective consensus is a prerequisite for social solidarity based on external indicators. And of course, the religion of Islam is no exception to this rule and having a social base such as mosques can play a significant role in this regard. Mosque in Islamic civilization can intervene in the urban body, pave the way for the realization of the title of Islamic city and also due to having various functions, including in social fields, can increase the rate of social solidarity. Furthermore, it should be noted that in Islamic cities, mosques have different types such as neighborhood mosque, city mosque and mosque.

According to the objectives and components under study, the type of applied research has been used in a library and documentary manner, and the method used in this paper has been a qualitative review method. Which has been compiled with the aim of explaining the position and role of the mosque in the realization of social solidarity and development of Islamic cities. The main question raised in this study is what is the position of the mosque in achieving social solidarity and development of the Islamic.

The main element and pillar of the pillar in the Islamic city is man. Because no city can be created without human beings, human beings can also have a direct influence on other pillars and elements in the design and construction of cities, namely law and body. The next pillar in the realization of the Islamic city is the law. Now, for the emergence of an Islamic city in which a pious person lives, there is a need for a law that meets the needs of this person and its implementation will cause the comfort and progress of the inhabitants of the city in material and spiritual matters. The third pillar is the urban body. This body should have a different function from other cities, so that the Muslim residents of the city, not only did not suffer from seeing these monuments and buildings on a daily basis, but watching this body all day long reminds them of Islamic thought and moves them forward in material things. And spirituality and humanity.An important point in the architecture of mosques is the height of the mosque, which is usually taller than other buildings in the neighborhood and the city. The Muslim inhabitants of the city to be effective in moving forward and progressing materially and spiritually.
In order to create social solidarity in the Islamic city, it is necessary to pay attention to points such as trust among citizens, participation and social cohesion among citizens, because these matters are the main structure of the social solidarity. One of the main effective factors in creating social solidarity is trust. It is among the citizens, so in the neighborhoods of Islamic cities, if there are centers where the people of that neighborhood gather; Such as cultural centers, mosques, etc. can be effective in creating this trust among the people. The second factor in creating social solidarity is participation among citizens. Matters such as participating in decision-making and decision-making, paying attention to solving the problems of the neighborhood and participating in solving them due to the awareness of neighborhood citizens about these issues, as well as being valuable and paying attention to the opinions of elders and trustees Respect of local trustees for the demands and opinions of residents, creates a sense of ownership and motivates citizens to participate in the development of the neighborhood and, consequently, the city. Mosques, because they have a special place among the citizens of the Islamic city, can be a good place to gather, express and take care of neighborhood and city affairs, and thus become a place to create social solidarity among citizens.
It should be noted that mosques are not one-dimensional and are not just a place for Muslim worship, but in fact a place for a Muslim community in a city, and this community can be active in various fields, the most important of which are: The place of worship is the place of holding religious ceremonies and occasions, promoting the practical principles and theoretical foundations of Islam in worldly and otherworldly affairs, teaching Islamic ethics and finally the place of training a perfect human being in material and spiritual dimensions. The architecture of mosques and their location as a neighborhood mosque, city mosque and mosque should be in a way that, in addition to its formation and impact on the creation of the body of the Islamic city, is also reminiscent of the Islamic concepts mentioned. Because the realization and development of Islamic cities requires a special look at mosques. If the mosque can be active in all the mentioned dimensions, it can definitely play a role in the development of Islamic cities, because by cultivating committed people and encouraging them to gain expertise in other specialized and academic centers and by implementing it, It can revive the spirit of Islam in the whole city and be the basis for the development of the Islamic city in every sense.

As long as the values of a society and the realities of an environment are compatible, society is free from social tensions and anomalies. Such a society can restore and maintain its social solidarity with the focus on mosques without experiencing social tensions and disruptions, and without being affected by new phenomena.By developing an urban planning policy based on the sense of ownership of the people, we can increase the rate of social solidarity among citizens, and thus take positive steps in achieving a healthy, safe, vibrant, identity-friendly neighborhood suitable for Muslim life. picked up.According to Durkheim's theory, the degree of religiosity of individuals is directly related to their social solidarity. People can come together and further help to solve most of the social problems of citizens in Islamic cities with a focus on mosques, can ultimately lead to the development of Islamic cities.

The present research was carried out with the aim of strategic planning of empowerment of rural women of Kermanshah province through entrepreneurship in a descriptive–analytical way. Data was collected through interviews and questionnaires. Meta-SWOT software was used to analyze the data. Participants in the research are 18 experts on rural women's affairs in the agricultural jihad organization, Imam Khomani relief committee, Governor's office, Welfare, Rural Cooperative Organization, General Development of Cooperative, Work and Social Welfare of the Province and Razi University who were selected purposefully to identify and prioritize rural women's entrepreneurship empowerment strategies based on the 5 steps of the Meta-SWOT technique. According to the results, two factors, "high capacities in agriculture of the province", and "the presence of medicinal and comestible plants" had the highest weights, which indicated their importance compared to other factors in the development of entrepreneurship empowerment of rural women in Kermanshah province. The results of the investigation of environmental factors also indicated that the factor of "complete lack of coordination between executive organs " with the highest power and effectiveness was an obstacle to the development of rural women entrepreneurship in Kermanshah province. Based on the strategic plan, three important strategies for empowering women's entrepreneurship are "promoting social solidarity and facilitating the communication network between rural women"; "compilation of laws and providing fields for supporting rural women's home productions and markets" and "creating the necessary contexts and platforms to support the handicrafts brand of agricultural and livestock products".

Social capital plays an important role in increasing bioavailability, which undoubtedly is the main goal of all planning and development, including rural planning and development. This research is an applied and descriptive-analytical approach that is conducted with a sample of 355 people among the people of Kurdish villages in Rudbar city. The data gathering tool in this research included: library studies for gathering information about research literature and then field research through observation and questionnaire. The statistical population of the study is Kurdish villages of Guilan province in Rudbar with 12 villages and 2955 population (according to the census of 1395). The number of samples was determined using the Morgan table, 340 people were selected. To increase the level of confidence and reduce the error in the data, the number of samples was increased and 355 questionnaires were completed The research was used to systematically explain the factors influencing location and achieve a comprehensive model of multivariate path analysis. The direct and indirect effects of the variables discussed were studied in a model. The results of the research indicate that the physical variables of spatial belonging (0.445), the dimension of social capital trust (0.126), the environmental dimension of spatial attachment (0.168), spatial sense of belonging dimension (0.99), social correlation dimension And then social capital participation is the most important factors that directly affect the location of the villagers' affiliation.

The fundamental changes in lifestyle all over the world have also affected the tourism industry. Tourism has moved away from museums and historical places and has stepped into new realms that free people from their daily life (and maybe their boredom).Human diversity and perfectionism can perhaps be considered as his most important tool that has led to his progress. Man always criticizes his situation and looks for a different experience that will improve his current situation. This principle is also seen in tourism.  New generation tourists travel to different countries and cities with cultural-biological diversity to experience a different life in a different cultural context. Stay in eco-hotels, participate in cooking with the locals, participate in their rituals and celebrations, and generally experience different cultural-biological experiences up close. Now, our new cities and lifestyle have become like other peoples of the world, which attracts less tourists. Current life in traditional neighborhoods and The villages of Iran, derived from the culture and environmental conditions, are attractive and diverse, which can tempt the tourist to experience. What is this factor that has given life to the neighborhood and brought tourists from around the world to touch it?

The purpose of this study was to explain the native model and evaluate it in the neighborhoods of Zanjan. In this study, according to the purpose and nature of the research, the combined research method was used in two formats: data foundation method and structural equation modeling method. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the research was the experts of the scientific community and academic experts who were conducted by purposive sampling method with 12 semi-structured in-depth interviews. Statistical population in the quantitative part of the study, including residents of neighborhoods in Zanjan who were selected by cluster sampling method and purposefully 25 neighborhoods. Using Cochran's formula, 384 people were selected as the sample size and a researcher-made questionnaire was distributed in the neighborhoods. The results of the qualitative section showed that the social development model of Zanjan includes 5 dimensions, 19 components and 52 indicators. After presenting the model, it was hypothesized based on 5 extracted dimensions and the effect of the dimensions of solidarity and social harmony, social justice, quality of life, social security and social development ethics on social development in Zanjan using structural equation modeling and Smart PLS software Was evaluated. The construct validity of the questionnaire was evaluated along with the combined reliability. The results of structural equation modeling showed that the dimension of social solidarity and harmony is 0.727, the dimension of social justice is 0.513, the dimension of quality of life is 0.770, the dimension of social security is 0.411.

The research method was analytical -explanative survey type. It can be said that studied population in this study consists of all youth living in rural areas of Ardabil County in 2017 (N=85053), among which 383 persons were selected as statistical sample using Cochran formula. Sample size was determined based on the Cochran’s formula and the required data were collected through questionnaires. Content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by professors and experts and its reliability was determined based on Cronbach's alpha (0.84-0.91). Result and Disscusion: in order to analyze the data, factor analysis model was used and the results of this model showed the most important factors impowerment of social consrnsus in studied region includes four components (social empowerment and territorial belonging, reinforcment of satisfication and information, confidence building and instituational capacity-building and reinforcment of economy infrastructure and pyschological empowerment) that explained variance and the cumulative variance by the five factors 58.17.

Extended abstract 1-Introduction Today، in addition to human، economic and physical capitals، another capital namely، social capital refers to another type of capital that is related to the social and economic development of communities. Whereas the concepts of physical and human capitals refer to the tools and ideas that increase individual productivity، the concept of social capital refers to the characteristics of social organization such as social networks، social norms، and trust that facilitate mutual cooperation and coordination in the pursuit of mutual benefits. One area that could particularly be affected by the development of social capital is urban development. Urban development in its more objective aspect relates to the raising of the standards of life by creating favorable conditions in the areas of poverty reduction، nutrition، health، employment، education and leisure. Therefore، this article''s main question is as follows: What is the relationship between the different dimensions of social capital and citizens'' views on urban development in the city of Kermanshah? 2- Theoretical Bases James Coleman sees social capital as the participation of actors in social structures which can be beneficial to some and not to others. Putnam considers trust، social norms، and participation in social networks as the three essential aspects of social capital. In his research on urban development in Italy، he found that those areas that had higher levels of social capital enjoyed higher levels of urban development as well. Two projects are of utmost importance in the area of urban management. These are urban development، and urban participation. Due to the emergence of «increasing urban growth»، «increasing urbanism»، and «complication of urban system»، a rethinking of economic، social، political، cultural، and legal structures of the city is needed. Urban development seeks to accomplish this aim through the participation of people and the strengthening of urban economy and its political، social، and cultural life. And it is in this regard that social capital can be of great use. 3- Discussion This is a quantitative research of the field research type which used a questionnaire to gather the needed data. Research population consisted of all the residents of the city of Kermanshah who were 18 years old or above، of which، based on Cochran formula، 380 individuals were selected as the sample. The sampling method was multi-stage: stage one was cluster sampling and in stage two، simple random sampling was used. The research instrument had face validity and its reliability alpha coefficient was above the 0. 70 threshold. The data were then processed using the SPSS software. 4- Conclusion In this research، different dimensions of social capital such as social trust، social solidarity، social participation، social interaction، and social awareness were considered as independent variable and residents'' views on urban development was considered as the dependent variable. The results showed that the mean for social capital was 3. 82، which was above the expected mean of 3. Of the different aspect of social capital، social trust had the highest mean (4. 04)، and social interaction had the lowest mean (3. 66). The mean for urban development was at the medium range (3. 07). The results also showed that there was a direct and positive relationship between urban development and social trust (r=0. 477)، social solidarity (0. 179)، social participation (r= 0. 593)، social awareness (r= 0. 214)، and social interaction (r= 0. 369). 5- Suggestions - The enhancement of urban social and cultural facilities in order to promote the spirit of cooperation and collaboration - The mass media especially national and local television can broadcast programs that increase social capital - The provision of programs and activities that encourage the participation of different strata and classes of people - The indigenization and utilization of mechanisms and programs that other developed urban areas have made use of. - Paying more attention to local traditions and customs and strengthening those aspects that promote trust and cooperation in place of putting emphasis on competition and rivalry.

In recent years، rural housing has gone through huge changes. This paper will attempt to investigate the effect of social changes in the lives of villagers on rural housing patterns. This study is an applied research and it used descriptive - analytic method for analysis، the major part of data collection was based on field studies and sampling (Cochran). The population from which the participants were selected for this study included 232 households in the scope of the study. Findings according to the results of Pearson correlation tests indicated that there existed a significant and fairly strong relation (0. 427) between social change index and rural housing pattern. So that social changes indicator would determine 35. 4% of the variability in rural housing pattern. Prevalence of consumerism tendency solely would justify 42. 7% changes in rural housing pattern. In Route analysis، this index had the greatest impact on the factors of housing quality and architectural plans with the coefficients of 0. 45 and 0. 42. In spatial distribution، there is a direct correlation between social changes and rural housing pattern in six villages. Research limitation: One of the main challenges in this study is to access the information of rural housing pattern. Practical implications: Regarding the findings، strategies such as paying attention to interaction and social solidarity of rural inhabitants in construction، relying on local and ethnic culture in the region، reducing dependence of cities in rural housing، and so on، have been proposed. Original/value: The importance of this research is to recognize the impacts of changes on rural housing pattern due to technology invasion and the influence of urban culture، so that actions could be done to control this process and retain the traditional architectural pattern which suits the needs of contemporary life.

From conceptual point of view, body identity is synonym with terms such as “personality” and “place sensation”. These are connected to the area, residence and residents, beliefs, the way of living, goals, culture, wisdom and they all are not separable. The main goal of this research is the measurement of body identity of even shahr of Tehran dependence with respect to the level of social integrity in the aforementioned area. This research is a kind of descriptive-analytical survey method with a sample collection of 95 individuals. Even area with a rich history, more than thousand years and genion civilization in a large city environment under specific condition, its body identity and level of habitation dependence has been changed. The measurement of dependence for body identity and social integrity has been conducted using T-test and Spearmen test. The results show that decreasing of body identity in even area and subsequently disruption and indifference social relationship in area integration. Therefore there is a close relationship between two variables, body identity and social integrity under investigations

Louis Wirths's urbanization theory claims that urbanization adversely affects the institution of the family and family relations and also reduces intimate ties and trusting relationships. Research in this area has not yet reached a consensus. This study aims to find out if urbanization significantly affects people as far as social and family relations are concerned. Using Wirth's theory of "urbanization as a way of life", the present study (which is a comparative one) will investigate whether urban dwellers and non-urban dwellers are significantly different with regards to social solidarity, trust, social participation, control over one's own life, and close ties with relatives and friends. The research population included all residents of the city of Bushehr (an urban area) and Dayer (a non-urban area) in Bushehr province. Using Cochran's formula, 397 individuals (200 from Bushehr and 197 from Dayer) were randomly selected. Reliability Alpha values for all scales were equal to or above 0.70. The findings showed that urbanization had a small but statistically significant effect on social trust, social solidarity, and social participation, but no such effects were found regarding the spread of universalistic criteria, control over one's life, and reliance on family members. Since research findings showed that generalized trust was relatively low, and acknowledging that other researchers have found that intense social relations and social participation can increase trust, it is suggested that city officials promote and strengthen the development of "neighborhoods" as a way to enhance informal social control and thereby increase social trust.