جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "tourists" در نشریات گروه "جغرافیا"

Considering that ancestral tourism is one of the emerging sectors of tourism in Iran, it is necessary as initial steps to understand what factors attract ancestral tourists to visit their homeland or their ancestors’ land and what places have more appeal to them during this journey. Therefore, this research aimed to identify the factors influencing the motivation of ancestral tourists to travel to their ancestors’ land and their desired places.

Design/methodology/approach:

 The required data for this research was collected qualitatively through interviews with experts in ancestral tourism, cultural tourism, history professors, and cultural guides who had experience in organizing tours related to ancestral tourism. It is worth mentioning that the research sampling method was snowball sampling, and ultimately, the results obtained from 17 interviews were analyzed using the content analysis method with the help of MAXQDA software.

Familiarity with ancestors’ background, establishing and maintaining a connection with the past, economic interests, attractions of the ancestral land, showing respect, reminiscing the past, feeling of belonging to the ancestral land, and gaining emotional experience from a societal perspective were identified as the main motivations for travel.

The results show that generally, three motivations will prioritize tourists’ interest in travel: 1. personal interest and need, 2. showing one’s identity and culture to others, and 3. improving the situation of the ancestral land.

Originality/value:

 The focus on the psychological and sociological core of distant ancestral tourists adds authenticity to this research. Moreover, the results obtained from this study will be effective as the first steps towards the growth of ancestral tourism.

The hotel industry is a service industry that is very important for creating competitive advantage, customer satisfaction, and loyalty. Satisfaction is the evaluation after a customer buys a product or service. A key motivation for placing more emphasis on customer satisfaction is that greater customer satisfaction leads to a stronger competitive advantage resulting in greater profits and market share, lower business costs, lower failure costs and new customer acquisition. Customer satisfaction is generally assumed to be an important factor for repeat purchases, positive word of mouth, and customer loyalty. It is natural for the hotel industry to invest considerable resources to satisfy their customers. Since customer satisfaction is a critical barometer for evaluating hotel performance, a deep understanding of the factors that contribute to satisfied and dissatisfied customers is crucial for hotel management. The contact between customers and employees can create positive or negative effects that may make or break the business. The productivity of employees depends on managers and those who motivate them to produce quality service. One of the biggest modern management challenges in the service industry is customer satisfaction and retention. Service quality and customer satisfaction are critical factors in creating differentiation and retaining customers; with the challenges among service industries, the importance of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty increases daily. In this regard, the present study aims to analyze the factors affecting the satisfaction of tourists in providing tourism services and has examined consumption excitement as an essential and influential key factor affecting tourist satisfaction.

In terms of purpose, this research is functional and based on data collection, a descriptive survey. The study's statistical population included all domestic tourists who visited Semnan city. Due to a lack of access to detailed statistics of tourists entering Semnan during the research, 205 domestic tourists were selected by the available sampling method of the returned questionnaires; about 189 questionnaires were used. Also, the questionnaire was used to collect data, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was used to analyze data.

 The results of the data analysis show that the customer satisfaction index model has a stronger effect on customer satisfaction by adding the excitement factor to the previous model. In this research, the only meaningful relationship between quality of service and customer satisfaction was not directly confirmed; this could be due to the difference in the studied society as well as the economic and cultural conditions governing the community. Tourist satisfaction has a positive and significant effect on loyalty, and the more tourists are satisfied, the less complaining their behavior will be. In other words, there is a negative relationship between customer satisfaction and tourists' complaining behavior. The more tourists are satisfied and the less they complain, the more they will be able to introduce the hotel where they stayed to their friends and acquaintances; In other words, word-of-mouth advertising leads to positive. Here, managers are encouraged to design a system that addresses customer and tourist complaints that the system addresses customer feedback and complaints so that they understand that hotel managers care about them. Complaints and criticisms increase tourists' satisfaction, ultimately, their loyalty. Hotel managers can use the model of customer satisfaction index in hotels instead of the overall customer satisfaction index to get a more accurate estimate of the level of customer satisfaction, get more information about repeat purchases, and create a competitive advantage. Also, Tourism is a major issue in the economic, social, and culture of all countries, and expanding it can draw a path to increase country revenues and reduce dependence on oil revenues, thereby providing an optimal path for achieving sustainable development and comprehensive. On the other hand, positive emotions have a greater effect on customer satisfaction than negative emotions. Despite this discussion, we can clearly see that many sources related to the relationship between customer satisfaction and consumer sentiment have shown that both positive and negative emotions have a very positive/negative effect on customer satisfaction. In addition, in in-service institutions, it is now widely accepted that emotion is one of the main factors in customer satisfaction. A literature review identifies consumer feelings as a prerequisite for customer satisfaction. Given the above, it is expected that the excitement of consumption, which is the result of the frontline staff's proper treatment of hotel tourists and the provision of quality services, will lead to a positive feeling in tourists or hotel customers and satisfy tourists from hotel service providers. The findings of this study and model retesting are consistent with studies conducted in this area; however, one of the hypotheses presented in this study is that the direct relationship between service quality and customer satisfaction has not been confirmed, and this factor is indirectly due to the role of consumer emotions. Perceptual value has led to greater satisfaction of tourists. It has been provided by providing services. This disapproval of the direct relationship could depend on the country's economic situation and other issues, which are mentioned in the next section.

 Hotels are a segment of the hospitality industry that must adhere to their goal to fulfill customer needs and wants. It is inevitable for hotels, whose quality of products and service is highly dependent on the interaction between customers and their employees, to satisfy all customers. Service failure may occur, which makes customers angry and dissatisfied. Dissatisfied customers have various means to channel their complaints, while some take action privately. Dissatisfied customers may not complain directly to hotels because they probably feel uncomfortable due to the physical presence of service providers or management. The findings of the study specify that it is important for management in hotels to listen to customer concerns and take customer complaints seriously. Although their actions were done privately, they might have tremendous consequences on the restaurant’s bottom line.

This study focuses on the management of the central urban core of Hamadan, utilizing historical attractions and emphasizing the utilization of historical spaces. The research aims to determine the historical capacities of the central core in tourism development and identify key management components with a specific focus on historical attractions. The statistical population for this research comprises residents, tourists, and businesses located within the central core of Hamadan city. The study falls under the category of fundamental research, employing a descriptive and analytical research method. Data and information were collected using both library and field methods. The SWAT technique, questionnaire surveys, and the SPSS software were employed for data analysis. The research findings demonstrate that the sub-criterion of local investment participation significantly contributes to the development of tourism in the region. Incentive facilities such as granting loans, reducing taxes, and providing specialized entrepreneurial consultations to local investors can encourage local capital to be directed towards the development of tourism-based activities.

Handicraft value chain is an economic system consisting of a set of actors and business activities whose business, along with each other, leads to the development and trade of the product, from primary producers to final consumers, and for each network operator, value. The purpose of this research is to create opportunities for local people and enable them to participate in the tourism sector.

This applied research has analyzed the value chain structure of handicrafts in Metakazin village by documentary and field methods in 1399. Data processing and analysis was performed using SPSS V.23 and Smart PLS V.3 software. This study is divided into 4 general sections; 1- Preparing a questionnaire to determine the value chain of handicrafts on rural tourism. 2- Completion of the questionnaire by experts (professors, experts of related organizations, craftsmen). 3- Data analysis was analyzed and 4- The most effective factors on rural tourism development were identified.

The hypothesis of the effect of handicraft value chain on rural tourism development was confirmed with a regression coefficient of 0.749. The results show that the two actors of this chain, namely producers and government facilitators, have the highest direct and positive impact on the development of rural tourism, and the two activities of raw material supply and completion (packaging) have negative and inverse effects on the development of tourism economy. According to the results, the impact factor of the two levels of w retailers is small and low value, which in fact the physical presence of merchants and physical and virtual stores, permanent and local markets and distribution networks in the region are low. Innovation: So far studies A similar study that showed the causes and factors affecting rural tourism and assessing the impact of each of them, was not done in this area.

Today, globalization and competition of cities to attract citizens, investors and tourists, the image of the city and how it is perceived, globalization, shrinking space and time and the importance and role of cities in the movement of population, labor, capital , Providing distinctive services and attracting tourists, has made the world look like a market in which each country, city or region must compete for its share in trade, political, social and cultural exchanges of the world. Tourists of Azadarvand region use ISM, this research is a survey in terms of practical purpose and in terms of nature and descriptive method. Theoretically, 7 factors influencing the urban brand were identified using interpretive structural modeling and related models, these factors are: 1. Urban facilities 2. Social and cultural space 3. Holding festivals and scientific events 4. Infrastructure Urban Free Zone 5. Pattern Tourism-oriented construction 6. Stories and memories of people 7. Physical structure

To evaluate the model, tourists who have referred to the destination villages of tourism and villages with tourism potential in the Kaleybar region during the first 4 months of 1998-99 have been selected as the statistical population. By measuring the reliability of the questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha, the total reliability of the questionnaire and the validity of the questionnaire in this study were examined. In the present study, for multivariate analyzes, have been used statistical techniques related to structural equation modeling. In this research, SPSS software and Amos Graphic version 22 have been used to determine the structural relationships between variables of the current study. According to the results, it was found that the intellectual and psychological dimension of pleasure with a coefficient of 0.03, has a positive and significant effect on the behavioral intention of tourists in the Kaleybar city. Also, the physical and environmental dimension with a coefficient of 0.03, has a positive and significant effect on the behavioral intention of tourists in the Kaleybar city. Also, the individual and psychological dimension of pleasure with a coefficient of 1.01 has a positive and significant effect on the behavioral intention of tourists.

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of social participationfactors of citizens and tourists on environmental protection in coastal cities (case studyof Mahmood Abad). The research was conducted in terms of development-practicaland mixed method. The statistical population of the study consisted of facultymembers in the fields of environment, watershed management, agriculture, geography,tourism, Mahmoud Abad universities, managers of public organizations and privatecompanies, employers and contractors. Data collection tools continued in the first partof the semi-structured in-person interview until reaching the theoretical saturationstage. Interviews with 29 individuals (23 males and 6 females) were identified in 4Dand 21 items. The second part of the questionnaire was administered to Delphi group members (n = 8) in two stages for designing the questionnaire. In the quantitative part,a researcher- made questionnaire was distributed online among the statistical sample (n= 85) on a five-point Likert scale. Cronbach's alpha coefficients of behavior (0.769), knowledge and attitude (0.755), religious beliefs (914), and socialization (0.001) were obtained. Β = 0 and significant coefficient t = 13691, meaningful relationship and firstof all standard coefficient between (factors of knowledge and attitude on socialparticipation) β = 0.0302; significant coefficient t = 13.148 In the second rank, thestandard coefficient between (factors of behavior and social participation) β = 0.325;the coefficient of significance t = 12.364 This significant relationship; in the third rankand also the coefficient of standard deviation (factors of religious beliefs on socialparticipation) 316 /. Significant Relationship Coefficient t = 11.964 and ranked third.

Vitality is the desire of citizens to be active and dynamic in urban environments, which makes urban spaces more prosperous and crowded and increases the presence of citizens in public spaces. So far, little attention has been paid to the vitality of urban environments in studies, research and design projects of new cities in Iran. Cities are considered to be the most important political, technological, artistic, cultural and social fruits of human beings, and urban spaces of cities are the most important parts that shape the city. In the meantime, it is important to pay attention to the psychological and physical well-being of human beings. The development of today's cities has generally sacrificed this point for its physical growth and development. Today, one of the most important concerns in designing public spaces in the city is the vibrancy of these places, which continues the presence of citizens. Variety of uses can be mentioned as one of the most important factors in attracting people to this place, but at the same time, this factor alone cannot cause vitality and dynamism of the space. Other factors influencing the vitality of an urban space include cultural, social, and environmental factors.

The present research is descriptive in terms of practical purpose and analytical in terms of nature and descriptive method. Analysis has been used using descriptive statistics and inferential tests (T-test and analysis of variance) and differences and correlations between indicators using structural equation model.The statistical population of this study includes all citizens living in 4 regions of Isfahan, which according to the 2016 census, was 452453 people. The Cochran's formula was estimated to be 95% reliable with a sample size of 584 people. The statistical sample of the study is half of the residents and half of the tourists in the period of January 1996 to June 1997 present in the public spaces of 4 areas of the 15 districts located in the central part of the city and most tourists use these places as territory.

Given that with improved security, and physical identity and attractiveness, vitality also improves. To measure the difference between the two independent groups of citizens and tourists on the average of a (quantitative) livability variable, the T test was used with independent samples. The results showed that the statistical value of t to compare the rate of vitality in public spaces in central Isfahan from the citizens' point of view. Tourists are equal to -0.630, and the probability of their significant study is 0.0529, which is higher than 0.05, so with 0.95 confidence, zero statistical assumption that the rate of vitality in public spaces is equal. Central Isfahan is approved from the point of view of citizens and tourists. As a result, the average livelihood is the same for citizens and tourists.

Vitality is the tendency of citizens to be active and dynamic in urban environments, which makes urban spaces more prosperous and crowded and increases the presence of citizens in public spaces. Vitality is one of the most important constructive qualities of urban spaces to improve the quality of urban spaces and create space.The descriptive and inferential results of the research have been analyzed using SPSS and AMOS software and the results of the hypothesis test showed that based on the results of the structural equation model, the effect of security on vitality is 0.221 and this coefficient has a significant effect . (Coefficient t is greater than 1.96) so the first hypothesis is confirmed. This means that with improved security, vitality also improves. The effect of identity on vitality is 0.854, and this coefficient has a significant effect (coefficient t more than 1.96), so the second hypothesis is confirmed. This means that with the improvement of identity, vitality also improves. The effect of physical attractiveness on vitality is 0.170 and this coefficient has a significant effect (coefficient t is more than 1.96) so the third hypothesis is confirmed. This means that as physical attractiveness improves, so does vitality. The level of vitality in public spaces in the central areas of Isfahan is confirmed from the point of view of citizens and tourists. As a result, the average livelihood is the same for citizens and tourists.

The main objective of this research is the role of virtual spaces in the familiarity and mental image of foreign tourists traveling to Iran. This research is in terms of its purpose and in terms of collecting descriptive-survey information. The statistical population of this study is foreign tourists visiting Iran. A sample of 200 individuals was considered as a sampling method and the Standard Mang and Choi Questionnaire (2016) were distributed among these individuals. To analyze the data, SPSS and PLS software were used. The results showed that Web surfing and the use of social networks have a significant effect on emotional evaluation. The results also showed that the use of social networks and emotional assessment has an impact on the mental image of foreign tourists, but web browsing does not affect the mental image of foreign tourists.

The purpose of this study is to compare the factors affecting on handicrafts shopping behavior between domestic and foreign tourists in Isfahan city. The research method is descriptive and analytic. The statistical sample is 396 tourists (domestic 247, foreign 149). The survey data-collecting tool is a researcher-designed questionnaire. The questionnaire reliability is measured through Cronbach Alpha (0.837). The data were analyzed using one-sample T test, Independent Sample T test, and Mann-Whitney U test. The results indicated that all factors had a positive influence on handicrafts shopping behavior of tourists. In addition, the most important factor affecting on the handicraft shopping behavior for domestic tourists was quality factor, and for domestic tourists was authenticity factor. The results of Independent Samples T-test showed that there weren't difference in the effects of authenticity, price and uniqueness factors between domestic and foreign tourists, 4 factors of situational factor, portability, utility value, attitude about handicrafts were more important for foreign tourists than domestic tourists, and 2 factors of quality and experience were more important for domestic tourists. The study will be useful for the artisans and suppliers in the tourism and handicraft industry to improve their business performances.

The destination image of tourism depends on many factors and is very significant in the choice of tourists. The ease of tourists navigating and searching for information in the environment is effective in forming a positive image of the destination. one of the effective factors on the wayfinding process is urban landmarks and, since the number of tourists familiarity differs from the environment, thus the signs are effective in the routing behavior of individuals. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of urban cues in the route selection behavior of people with different familiarity with the environment.

The research method is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature is survey. Field survey, questionnaire and cognitive map technique were used to collect data. The target group include tourists in the area and in order to answer the research purpose, statistical sample size was 359 people using Cochran formula which was done by purposeful non-random sampling. The analysis of the information has been carried out by compiling and comparing the cognitive maps of the tourists.

The findings of the study indicate that unfamiliar tourists often have limited knowledge through information familiarity, educational familiarity, and auto-familiarity. In the features of the signs, mystery, excitement and diversity at close range are important to ensure they are on the right track.

  However, familiar tourists have more familiarity with experience, familiarity with proximity, self-esteem, and acquaintance. The multiplicity of signs and the ability to see from long distances are important to them, and people who are familiar need to follow signs from longer distances.

The dynamic and competitive nature of tourism means that staying alive in a competitive world requires the emergence of special interest tourism in hotel industry and tourism marketing. The concept of special interest markets has emerged in recent years and can be said to be the opposite of mass tourism. Special interest markets differentiate tourists and offer activities and services based on their tendency, motivation to travel, and their needs. This study focuses on introduction of themed hotels and follows three major purposes: 1) to identify the suitable themed hotels for investing in Isfahan from the perspective of experts; 2) to investigate the tendency of domestic tourists to accommodate in thematic hotels and 3) to determine the tourists' perspective on the priority of themed hotels. This study was conducted in Isfahan city, Iran, and the data were collected through interview and questionnaire. The qualitative-quantitative method was used in this study and the results illustrated that domestic tourists tend to stay in thematic hotels, and from their point of view, traditional hotels, handicrafts hotels, and hotels that display the historic flourishing area of Isfahan are the top three priorities for accommodation.

As a major architectural and civil treasury in Iran, Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex is characterized by numerous capacities and capabilities. Today, lack of proper attention to perceptive contexts, values, and significances; and valuing it based on its material aspect, has led to unprecedented decrease in meaning and perception weight. This problem leaves visitors frustrated in receiving meaningful messages, leading to decreased place attachment, and reduced loyalty; making them liable to abandon or feel less socially committed. Absence of customers, would make the Bazaar of Tabriz functionally and structurally erroted; having adverse effects on its life. This research is to determine the effects of perceptive contexts, and the demensions of place attachment, on tourists’ place-satisfaction, and active loyalty in Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex. This is an applied research with a descriptive-analytical nature and method. Research data were collected from library and field studies. We bnefited from questionnaires, the validity of which were approved in a facial way, and their reliability, using Cronbach's alpha (0.808). In addition, the research sample was determined using Cochran Formula with 5% error and 95% confidence level. Research sample includes 364 subjects. Spearman's coefficient, and multivariate regression model were employed to analyze the data. Findings and Research findings show that all the studied variables are powerful in determining the variance of place attachment in the Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex in tourists’ eyes. Accordingly, all variables are significant if Coefficient of Determination (R2) were near 1; t-value, greater than 2.33; and β or beta coefficient were at Ƥ2=0.127)- is highly affective in directly determining active loyalty of the tourist in this Bazaar. Attention to the perceptive contexts and features of place attachment -with respect to its significance in terms of tourists' satisfaction and active loyalty- can affect protection methods; leading to effective and targeted presence of tourists and endurance and persistence of Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex; being considered as points of innovations in the present research.

Tourism is an economic engine for the developing and developed nations. The tourism industry accounts for 0.11 of the world's gross domestic product. In this regard, the media and awareness services as a major means of communication and marketing play a very important role in the development of this industry. In other words, the tourists' awareness of tourism attractions is one of the most effective means by which tourists can be attracted. Thus, tourism organizations should allocate 3 to 5 percent of their budget to the tourism advertising. Therefore, the use of tourism and its effects should benefit from various tools including advertising and awareness.
Today, tourism in the world is one of the important sources of income and is an important factor in the cultural exchanges between countries; thus, it is of particular importance as the most comprehensive service industry in the world. The diversity of the dimensions and the complexities of the tourism industry according to the geographical areas have created special bases for planners and tourism management, which in susceptible development areas to this industry, should look for stimulating the flow of tourism. In this regard, Ardabil province is one of the provinces of Iran that has a comparative advantage of having ecotourism with unique attractions. It has 62 well-known mines known as paradise of mineral springs. It also has many natural and ecotourism potentials such as many natural and spectacular landscapes, numerous high altitudes with suitable tourist conditions, high vegetation and animal species and so on, as the inner strengths and proximity to tourism poles such as the north of the country and adjacent provinces, proximity to Azerbaijan country as tourists destination and so on are posed External opportunities. However, despite the potentials, the community has not led to the ever-increasing development of ecotourism in the province of Ardabil at the national and local levels due to the lack of knowledge, information, and awareness of tourists which entails further attention. It is an applied research using descriptive-analytical method. The method of collecting data and information in this research is based on library and field research. The questionnaire was prepared based on the Likert scale and the reliability of the questionnaire was measured by Cronbach's alpha method while the test was content validated as well. To analyze the hypotheses of the research, Pearson test, linear regression analysis, regression coefficient, and ANOVA were used. Statistical analyses were performed using Excel and SPSS. According to the research findings, most respondents (35%) are between 20-30 years old. According to the extracted data, 63.3% of the respondents are men and 36.7% of them are women. Most of the respondents (41.1%) have diploma and postgraduate education. In other words, 58.9% of them had university education, which reflects the credibility of the responses. Also, according to the results of the surveys, only 25.3% of the people, planning and investing in the ecotourism sector is good and very good, 37.2% is medium and 37.5% of respondents mentioned it is unsuitable and very unsuitable, which represents problem and instability in ecotourism of the province. Ecotourism is one of the most popular branches of tourism and is a tool for sustainable development. The results of the surveys indicated the following for each of the hypotheses: The survey showed that the tourists' awareness about the climate and therapeutic properties of the mineral waters of the province has a significant effect (0.43) on the ecotourism development.
There is a significant relationship between ecotourism attractions of Ardebil province and the development of ecotourism (0.33). In other words, the attractions cognition factor for tourists is increased ecotourism development.
There is a direct relationship between the development of the ecotourism of the province and the local people's behavior (0.38) as the behavior of its people is considered as a factor of ecotourism.
Local people's interest in guest reception has little impact (0.25) on the development of ecotourism. Otherwise, this will be mutual no Harassment if no disturbance from ecotourists to the local people.
The interest of tourists to visit the natural attractions of the province has the lowest impact (0.22) on the development of ecotourism, because other things such as communication, recreational facilities, etc. are also necessary.
There is a direct relationship between the awareness of tourism managers with the Ecotourism development planning in Ardebil ecotourism development (0.65). In other words, the managers cognition from ecotourism can be facilitate the other ecotourism of the province.
There is a significant (0.63) relationship between local managers' interest in economic development and job creation through ecotourism with the development of ecotourism in Ardabil province. This has given more attention to ecotourism and in turn contributes to the development of ecotourism in the province.
There is a strong relationship (0.65) between the development of ecotourism and the possibility of familiarizing indigenous people with the way other people live through ecotourism.
The final analysis of the data showed that increasing the optimal use of strengths, i.e. improving and increasing the efficiency of the strengths, makes the use of opportunities desirable. Regarding the independent variable hypothesis regression, only 21% predict the changes made in the opportunity variable, however, with regard to the correlation coefficient and the standardized coefficient, for each unit of change in the independent variable (improvement of strengths), 46 percent in the dependent variable (opportunity development and Creating) changes will occur.

Tourism is an industrial one whose benefits from the economic, social, cultural and environmental point of view are endorsed by authorities and researches all over the world, However, along with many benefits, it also brings disadvantages to host areas, Dispersion of waste, destruction of forests, beach contamination, noise and air pollution and much of it is the responsibility of tourists, which is manifested for a number of reasons, partly due to their lack of awareness or irresponsibility for the environment. The purpose of this study is to assess the extent of tourist responsibility towards the environment and the reasons for such behavior in the tourist areas of Ramsar township. This research, applied and it is a cross- sectional survey based on a questionnaire. The tools used for collecting information, observation, questionnaires and interviews. The statistical population of the study was tourists who visited of Ramsar township in the summer of 1397, which based on the Cochran formula, 384 people were selected as sample size. At the end of the assumptions that were presented, they were analyzed by statistical tests of somers d and Tau b Kendal tests. The results showed that the variables of educational level and age of tourists have a positive and significant impact on their environmental responsibility, and also there is a positive and significant correlation between the economic base of tourists with accountability.

The entrance to the city is a moving path (between the natural subterranean natural boundary with its artificial environment), through which the flow of the city through it is possible and has an independent personality and identity. In the meantime, spontaneous expansion and unplanned development of cities and the lack of appropriate patterns of spatial development have weakened the shape and content of the urban sprawl in Iran, causing serious damage to the city's identity and identity. This paper aims at evaluating the quality and functional quality of urban entrances to evaluate the entrance of the city of Yazd as a tourist destination. The present study is descriptive-analytic in terms of application type. Required data was collected using library studies, field surveys, and a questionnaire tool. Thus, the statistical society of this research is made up of tourists entering Yazd. According to the statistics of Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Yazd, the number of tourists entering Yazd in spring of 1397 through three inputs and using the Cochran formula, 320 were selected as sample size. To analyze the data, descriptive statistical methods (frequency distribution and percentage) and inferential statistics method (T side effects test, Kruskal Wallis) have been used. The set of research criteria includes the status of city entrance regarding the quality of the passageways, service facilities, beauty and representation of the city. The findings of the research indicate that tourists have evaluated the quality of the inputs of the city of Yazd in terms of the desired indicators in an average, so that none of the inputs are refocusing the identity of the city. Comparing the three inputs, Yazd-Kerman entrance is lower in terms of tourists.

This study compared the thermal comfort of tourists in the city of Abadan and Zanjan using the Indicators of nervous strain (CI), Terjung and MEMI index is done. To do this research, meteorological data and Zanjan synoptic stations Abadan during a period of 20 years (1394-1374) have been used. the results of bioclimatic nervous strain index (CI) cold conditions in any one month during the year in Abadan station is found. climatic conditions in late autumn and winter (November, December, January, February and March) is cool. Human comfort factors Zanjan stations in summer (July and August) the comfort reigns. The results show that the study area (station Zanjan) eight months of cold air to the skin surface quickly freezes and four months, the weather is very cool and comfort. Bioclimatic index Tarjong daily climatic conditions in Abadan station, respectively, for the months of January, February and March sovereignty air climatic conditions (comfort) show comparing the heat of the day and night conditions Zanjan stations show that in autumn and winter thermal conditions in a cool, cool, very cool and super cool and very cool in summer and spring climate prevails in the region. Index MEMI Abadan in the months of January and February, with the low in March and December cold stress, drought stress, and climatic comfort is the highest quality. According to the model used in the most appropriate time for tourism in winter months (January, February, March) in Abadan and summer months (July, August, September) in Zanjan.

Tourism industry basically is a new source of revenue in developing countries, a social activity, big business and of the most important world's economic sectors which its human-oriented in both supply and demand sides shows the importance of studying and considering people' perception in it's planning. Despite the importance of this issue, only one side's view and perception (in particular the supply side) has been paid in most of tourism researches.
Tehran as a metropolitan city surrounded by some touristic villages. Village of Sulaghan as the most one boasts pleasing weather rural suburbs considered by Tehran tourists. Tourism in this region could be found in various forms including nature - based, construction of villas, second homes, climbing and religious tourism. Since the perception of supply and demand sides is essential for successful tourism development planning, preventing of causing and increasing problems of tourism growth, the present study seeks to answer two main questions:1- Hat is the perception of local residents and tourists about the development of tourism in village of Sulaghan?
2-How much is the importance - performance of tourism development indicators in local residents and tourists perspective?
Methods and Material: In this research, dimensions and indicators of tourism development are extracted from previous research and theoretical base including economic, socio-cultural, environmental, physical and general dimensions. The tool for collecting of required data is a self-administered questionnaire. The present research has used "IPA (Importance-Performance Analysis)" method in IBM SPSS.22 to examine the perception of local community (as supplier side) and tourists (as demand side) about tourism development in the village simultaneously. The statistical population consists of two groups of local residents of the village and those who visit this destination (tourists). Since the number of both statistical populations is not precisely determined, in each statistical society, 30 questionnaires are distributed and the size of two samples is determined using the collected data and sample size determination formula.

demographically, 59.8% of locals are male, 28.5% aged 40-49, 63.6% had an imcome of 1-2million Toman and 17.5% have been living in the village for over 20 years. In the second sample (tourists), 59.4% of tourists are male, 29.0% aged 30-39, 45.5% visited twice, 45.9% visited for recreation and 81.7% were citizens of Tehran.
Analysis of the results of 239 questionnaires of local people and 148 questionnaires of tourists illustrate that in local people point of view, among the 5 dimensions, economic dimension has the most of importance and performance average and the least difference between its importance and performance. Environmental (2.58) and public (2.06) dimensions had the greatest amount of difference. concerning the importance, economic had the most (4.34), then environmental (4.25), socio-cultural (4.20) and finally general (4.18) and physical (4.18) dimensions.
In opinion of demand side, security (average: 4.90), natural attractions and hospitality (4.83), health local restaurants (4.82), transportation quality (4.81), recreation facilities (4.81), environment sanitation (4.81) and finally cost-effectiveness of recreational tourism services (4.80) are the most important dimensions. However, such features as recreational facilities, transportation quality and access to village, tourist guide information, possibility of visiting of the rustic texture and cleanliness of nature have the most amount of difference between their importance and performance.

paying attention to demand and supply sides are vital in rural tourism development as an important part of tourism industry. The results provide valuable information on supply and demand's perceptions of Sulaghan tourism development's current situation. Likewise, in developing countries, the first and most important reason for tourism development is to benefit from its positive economic effects. A debatable result of the economic dimension is the local population's dissatisfaction with the increasing of property value. The idea is that increasing the value of properties is not a high priority for people, but the performance of this indicator is more attention; more clearly, people are dissatisfied with the jumping properties price in the village due to tourism growth. In addition lack of tourism management causes the environmental and socio-cultural challenges in Sulaghan. Considering the capacities and potential in rural areas and the adoption of environmental protection policies and strategies along with wise planning and management of tourism tends to be a suitable basis for sustainable development.
Generally some of suggestions like improving the rural environment and transportation (roads) situation, controlling the illegal constructions, maintenance of traditional village texture and improving the situation of all indicators that their distance of importance and performance is high, can increase the quality of visiting and the competitiveness of rural tourism in Sulaghan.

One of the potentials of tourism in Iran is sea. Nowadays, a lot of countries pay attention to the marine water sports, water based amusements, scuba diving and other related entertainments, as well as beach tourism programs. The purpose of the present research was planning and feasibility of marine tourism in Hormoz island. This research was based on a combination model of strategic analysis and SWOT model of strategic planning to review the findings of the QSPM, library studies as well as the results of a survey of the field through interview between tourists and tourism experts. The results of the SWOT model of analysis revealed that, despite having strengths and opportunities such as possessing the Persian Gulf and the abundant opportunities, annexation of Hormoz island to Qeshm free zone and the existence of Red Soil mines and also the existence of  a variety of threats such as weaknesses and lack of tourism, Qeshm and Kish Islands had not received the necessary attention. The selected strategy prioritization table QSPM showed that from among strategy development services, recreational facilities and infrastructural needs are from the highest priority since Hormoz is closer to the province center.