جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سرزندگی » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

The mental and social well-being of urban residents is greatly influenced by their exposure to vibrant and engaging physical environments and face-to-face interactions. The development of walkways is considered a crucial step toward achieving these goals. This research focused on evaluating the vitality indicators of Jahānshahr Walkway in Karaj City. The research methodology was descriptive-analytical, utilizing observational data collected through a checklist, as well as survey data obtained from a questionnaire. The sample population consisted of 270 randomly selected walkway users. Data analysis was conducted using EXCEL software, employing an innovative model. The findings revealed that the assessed walkway received a score of 4.666 (on a scale of 0-5), indicating a good level of vitality. However, Jahānshahr Walkway was lacking in certain social indicators, such as incorporation of cultural symbols, organization of festivals and rituals to attract people to the space, and presence of elements that appealed to children. On the other hand, its strengths lay in indicators, such as availability of recreational and leisure activities, diversity of leisure time options, and vibrancy of the walkway's surroundings, which were predominantly linked to the economic dimension. To enhance the vitality of the space, it is recommended to focus on preserving and expanding green areas catering to the needs of children, developing cultural identity and symbols, improving sanitation facilities, and ensuring convenient access to banks and services.

Vitality is recognized as a crucial attribute of sustainable cities as highlighted by the new urban agenda and the 11th sustainable development goal put forth by the United Nations. Within urban landscapes, public spaces, including passages, streets, and walkways, contribute to varying levels of vitality based on their unique characteristics. According to Jacobs, walkways are particularly vital components of urban public spaces. Construction of walkways in cities offers a practical and scientific solution to revive social life in city centers as they enhance the urban image, preserve historical areas and buildings, and restore a sense of identity to cities. Montgomery emphasizes vitality as one of the key quality factors in urban public spaces, particularly in the context of walkways. Furthermore, Mumford acknowledges the importance of pedestrian presence and the creation of pedestrian-oriented spaces as a means to reclaim the rights of urban residents that have been compromised with the introduction of motorized vehicles into urban environments. Understanding the true impact of urban environments on vitality is pivotal in designing vibrant and livable cities, ultimately enhancing the overall quality of life. This research aimed to evaluate the vitality components of Jahānshahr Walkway, a major thoroughfare that played a significant social, economic, and cultural role in the bustling and lively part of Karaj City, Iran. 

The study focused on Jahānshahr Walkway located in the northeastern region of Karaj, Iran. A total of 42 indicators were selected to assess the vitality of this walkway. Data collection was conducted through direct observation using a checklist, as well as a questionnaire administered to space users. A sample of 270 individuals randomly selected from the walkway users responded to the questionnaire. Data analysis was performed using EXCEL software, which involved calculating the average values for each questionnaire item, as well as the checklist data. These averages were utilized to evaluate the vitality of the space. 

Several indicators demonstrated scores higher than the mode and mean (3), indicating a favorable level of vitality. These indicators included "creating peace, comfort, and pleasure", "diversity of leisure time use", "existence of suitable economic activities for recreation and leisure time", "neatness and cleanliness", "vibrancy of the edges", "improving the pedestrian experience through effective architectural and landscape design", "flowering and green spaces", "appropriate lighting", "illumination of landmark buildings", "absence of landscape pollution", "facade design and visual aesthetics", "presence of passages connecting to surrounding spaces", "sufficient capacity for group gatherings", and "proper flooring". The average score for these indicators was 4.67. On the other hand, the lowest scores were observed in the indicators of "viewing cultural symbols and holding festivals and rituals that attract people to space" and "presence of attractive elements for children". When categorizing the indicators into the three sets of economic, physical-environmental, and socio-cultural indicators, the results indicated that the average scores for each set were 4.233, 4.227, and 3.310, respectively. This suggested that the economic, physical-environmental, and socio-cultural indicators contributed to higher levels of vitality in their respective sets.

Based on the research findings, it could be inferred that certain parameters contributed to the attractiveness and vitality of the space. These included factors, such as incorporation of a diverse range of modern and traditional architectural plans, varied floor designs, alignment with the natural surroundings, a sufficient number of furniture installations, and presence of ample green spaces. However, there were also factors that had negatively impacted the vitality of the space, warranting consideration in future management and planning efforts for Karaj City. One of the notable shortcomings was the lack of attention to children's needs in the design and amenities provided along the walkway. Additionally, the symbols and elements representing identity and culture were relatively weak and access to banking services was challenging. The wide canals running alongside the walkway had also resulted in the accumulation of garbage, leading to suboptimal cleanliness levels. Furthermore, there was a lack of sanitary facilities, such as toilets and clean drinking water. In conclusion, while Jahānshahr Walkway demonstrated areas of vitality and attractiveness, there could be clear opportunities for improvement. Future management and planning initiatives should prioritize addressing the needs of children, enhancing cultural identity, improving access to banking services, ensuring proper waste management, and implementing adequate sanitation facilities, including toilets and clean drinking water provisions.

Hamedan with a long history in Iranian urban planning, has a relatively large bazaar.Mirzakazem Caravanserai and Golshan sara are among the most important caravanserais in Hamedan, which are important due to their location next to the historic bazaar of Hamedan, the commercial center of cities such as Zanjan, Kurdistan and Kermanshah.Considering the Importance of the Whole of architecture and the creation of living and living spaces, Christopher Alexander's living centers theory explores the pattern of living structures in accordance with the concepts of integrated universality and strong centers in the form of 15 features.This paper responds to the following question with descriptive analytical methodology, qualitative approach and library documents: What is the physical structure of the traditional Hamdan bazaar consistent with Alexander's theory?Many studies have been carried out in various sectors of the traditional bazaar and the concepts of the theory of living centers of Christopher Alexander with 15 features in various topics, including the castle of Gourtan, Iranian garden and Tabriz Rab’e Rashidi have been examined and the physical study of traditional bazaar in the form of concepts of the theory of living centers is a subject that has a history does not have. The results of the research confirm that the traditional Hamedan bazaar is consistent with the characteristics of this theory, and Golshan's camp has the highest symmetry, contradiction, echo, and integrity of the physical life of Mirza Kazem. The comparison of the geometric structure of the buildings and the fifteen characteristics of Alexander's live structures model shows that the role of the centers of strong, intermittent repetition, contradiction, separation of gravity, free space and boundaries in the structure of the buildings is greater.

Urban parks, as the most public urban open spaces, are one of the most important uses in cities, and the presence of vitality in them provides a suitable platform for playing many ecological, economic and social roles of these spaces. Based on this, the main goal of the current research is to measure the level of satisfaction of citizens with living in urban parks in Aliguderz city. In this research, we direct the attention of urban managers to organizing, beautifying and improving the quality of their furniture and equipment in line with urban management. The present research is descriptive and analytical in nature, and survey in terms of implementation and questionnaire in terms of data collection method. The target population includes 280 people from the parks of Aligoderz city, using Cochran's formula as the sample size was calculated and the samples were selected using simple random method, for data analysis, spss software and average, correlation and Multivariate regression. A line was used. The results of the data analysis indicate that the level of satisfaction with life in the urban parks of Aliguderz city is not favorable and the quality of furniture and cleaning should be improved. It was also found that city parks in Aliguderz city do not have vitality and the level of satisfaction is very low. Therefore, 69 percent of the visitors emphasized that they will visit more if the quality of elements and indicators of vitality increase, which should be noticed by city managers in order to increase the level of satisfaction of citizens.

Vitality is the meaning and concept of the level of comfort and convenience in a place and the enjoyment of being in that place, vitality is the quality of the form of urban space and it causes the improvement of the quality of the environment of public urban spaces. Vitality contributes to the physical, mental, social and personal development of residents. The elements of vitality are places and people, the territory and scope of vitality is the use of places, spaces and objects of the environment. People are the core of life. The purpose of this research is to investigate and analyze factors and elements affecting urban vitality in Karaj city. The type of research in terms of its purpose is the type of applied research with a descriptive-analytical nature. The data of the research includes the census data of the statistics centre and the field questionnaire that was investigated in the 10 districts of the Karaj metropolis. To analyze the information, specialized software and multi-criteria decision-making models have been used. The findings indicate that among the regions, region 7 has the first rank of urban vitality with 75% having good condition. The results of subjective indicators showed that Neighbourhood 10 of Region 7 and Neighbourhood 5 of Region 9 have a high level of urban vitality, neighbourhood 2 of Region 4 and Neighbourhood 1 of Region 6 have a medium level and Neighbourhood 5 of Region 10 has a low level of urban vitality.

The purpose of this research was to determine the impact of security and vitality of the urban space on the development of citizen relations in Gohardasht Street, Shahr Karaj. This research was applied and its method was descriptive-correlation. The statistical population of the research was all the residents of Karaj (1,592,492 people), out of which 384 people were selected as a sample using Cochran's sample size formula. The tool used in this research was a researcher-made questionnaire.The findings of the research have shown that the relationship between the safety and security and the vitality of urban spaces with the development of citizenship relations among the citizens of Karaj is significant, and in the meantime, according to the values of the correlation coefficient, the relationship between the vitality of urban spaces and the development of citizenship relationships is more intense. . Also, the statistical characteristic of the regression has also shown that 43.5% of the variance related to the development of citizenship relations among the residents of Shahr Karaj is explained by the variables of safety and security, liveliness and readability. that the vitality variable of urban spaces has the highest impact factor and safety and security has the lowest factor. The safety and security of the urban space has had an impact on the development of citizen relations on Gohardasht street in Shahr Karaj, which has a significant impact factor. In addition, among the two investigated variables (safety and vitality), the safety variable had the least impact on the relationship of citizenship. The vitality of the urban space has had an impact on the development of citizen relations in Gohardasht Street, Shahr Karaj, and its impact coefficient is also significant. In addition, among the two investigated variables (safety and liveliness), the liveliness variable has had the greatest impact on citizen communication, the result is that the liveliness of urban spaces, especially in Gohar-Dasht Karaj Street, has had an impact on the social communication of citizens. Because when the space has the necessary vitality, a person's presence in this space creates a feeling of happiness and joy in him, which leads to establishing a relationship with others. This happiness has led to the strengthening of the sense of belonging to the city in the citizens, and since it satisfies a natural need, it will give him a sense of happiness in life.

The truth of livability considering that it refers to the degree of providing the necessities of a society based on the needs and capacity of the people of that society for the growth and development of rural settlements, or in other words, livability promotes quality of life and development of the concepts of the quality of people's living environment so that it provided the best ways of life for them. The present study was conducted to identify and explain the factors affecting the livability of rural settlements using the method of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and correlation coefficient as a survey method. In this research, 6543 heads of rural households in the city of Ilam were surveyed to identify and explain factors contributing to rural settlements' livability. Using Cochran's formula, the sample size was estimated to be 363 people, and the sample was selected randomly and the quota sampling method. In this study, a questionnaire was exerted, experts confirmed content validity, and reliability was verified by a pre-test and Cronbach's alpha of 0.864 percent.The results show that the social dimension with a correlation coefficient of 780/. and the explanation coefficient of 66.73%, the economic dimension with a correlation coefficient of 0.593 and the explanation coefficient of 73.66%, the physical dimension with a correlation coefficient of 587. and the explanatory factor of 68.12% and the environmental dimension with a correlation coefficient of 0.585 and an explanatory factor of 23.23% affect the livability of rural settlements in Ilam Township. The results also show that the most important factors affecting livability in the social dimension are working groups with 0.782, in the economic dimension the existence of savings and the appropriateness of living expenses in the village with 0.897 and 0.854, in the physical dimension access to service uses at the regional level with 821. 0 and in the environmental aspect, the lack of houses in the flood path is 0.794.

Many experts have considered culture from a social perspective and have paid attention to the study of vitality as a qualitative aspect in urban space of traditional neighborhoods and also the impact of peoples’ social culture themes in it. Today, urban spaces are devoid of human aspects, whereas urban construction is purely a physical and quantitative view, and there is no quality of liveliness in space caused by the social culture of the residents. The research method is quantity-qualitative. The required data were obtained by selecting 29 residents of the neighborhood using snowball method and by semi-structured interviews. The criterion of the existence of different spaces for social interactions between residents and in the index of identity and sharing of attachments, the criterion of sharing in social identity and the index of social cohesion, the criterion of cohesion and participation among residents and in the index of collective communication, the criterion of different rituals collective and in the index of quality of life, the criterion of trust and empathy, and in the index of lively society, the criterion of performing traditional customs in neighborhood spaces, and in the index of the spirit of collectivity, the criterion of performing joint activities have the highest influence in the discussion of vitality in the studied sample. The grounded model and theory have been in the inquiry of participants' perceptions of living conditions and use of urban spaces in Khajeh Khezr neighborhood and reflect what has happened in the study.

Paying attention to improving the quality of sidewalks increases the presence of citizens and ultimately the vitality of the space. The present study was conducted with the aim of factors affecting the vitality of Shahriar sidewalk in Tabriz. This research is descriptive-analytical. Sidewalk vitality variables were identified and researched from texts, related studies and experts' opinions in the form of a questionnaire and with the approval of relevant experts, it was designed as a Likert scale (five-choice) and completed by 303 sidewalk users.Data were analyzed using SPSS and LISREL software. The results of confirmatory factor analysis (SEM) showed that among the 27 variables affecting the vitality of the sidewalk, three factors: 1- economic-social 2- physical-environmental 3- accessibility-location can be extracted and have appropriate fitting indices. . Based on the results of correlation (covariance) between the obtained factors, our positive correlation was between 0.51 to 0.86 (P <0.01). Internal stability using Cronbach's alpha coefficient for each factor was 0.73, 0.93 and 0.74, respectively. Based on the results of Friedman test, the highest average averages were obtained, respectively physical-environmental, access-spatial and economic-social.

Vitality is one of the basic needs of cities that with the development of urbanization and social harms, its importance is increasing day by day. Focusing on environmental qualities leads to the efficiency and vitality of urban spaces, the continuation of urban life and the strengthening of physical-mental health characteristics and belonging to the place. Today, we are witnessing a decline in environmental qualities, lively activities, lack of natural and urban green spaces, and as a result, the active and lively presence of people in urban spaces is diminishing. Parklet is one of the factors that can be effective in encouraging citizens to walk and increase vitality in urban spaces. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to assess and evaluate the role of Parklets in order to increase vitality in one of the most important promenades and pedestrian boulevards in Hamadan called Eram Boulevard. The research method is applied and survey and the data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire to obtain citizens' opinions and the reliability of the data was calculated by Cronbach's alpha of 0.845. According to the statistical population of the study, based on Cochran's formula, 360 people are considered as the sample size. In order to analyze the data, one-sample t-test, Pearson correlation and multivariate regression in SPSS statistical software were used. The results indicate that there is a positive and significant relationship between the variables of public space expansion, improving street landscape, a place for social interactions, increasing economic income and improving quality of life with vitality. Also, the index of social interactions and improving the landscape of the street have the greatest impact on increasing the vitality of Eram Boulevard in Hamedan.

Bazaars are one of the few urban spaces that have continued to exist in cities from the past to the present. The contrasting spatial structure of Bazaar and their surrounding streets is a point can be studied more. The aim of this research is to develop a model of the vitality of the streets around Borujerd Bazaar and to understand its relationship with the spatial structure of this area.

This study is carried out in Borujerd Bazaar and its immediate area. The required data was collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. Vitality model was developed using method of confirmatory factor analysis in LISREL v8.80 software. Spatial variables were extracted based on the axis map in DepthMap 10 software. The relationship between spatial structure and urban vitality was determined through the correlation test in the SPSS23 software.

Borujerd Bazaar vitality model was divided into two perceptual and environmental criteria. In the environmental criteria, "activity", "access", "physical" and "environmental" factors had the greatest impact. In the "perception" criterion, the "psychological", "social" and "economic" factors had the greatest influence, respectively.

The environmental variables of street vitality around Borujerd Bazaar have a significant relationship with spatial structure of the road network. But this is not the case with perceptual variables. In fact, these variables, except for the social variable, have no significant relationship with the spatial configuration of passages.

Rural households due to many problems such as drought, floods and sometimes economic problems such as youth unemployment and poor health, their vitality is always subject to changes and developments that with proper management and good governance - these problems can be reduced and vitality. He gave gifts to the villagers. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of good rural governance on the livelihood of rural households in Zahedan. This research is applied in terms of purpose and in terms of nature and method of descriptive-analytical work, which is done in two ways: library study and field survey. The statistical population of the study consists of rural households in Zahedan city. Due to the dispersion of villages and their large number, 20 villages were randomly selected as the sample village. According to the 2016 census, these villages have a total of 4456 households equal to It had a population of 18,365, of which 354 were selected using the Cochran's formula. The Cronbach's alpha value is 0.80 for governance indices and 0.85 for vitality indices. Multivariate regression analysis and one-sample t-test were used to analyze the findings. The results showed that good rural governance with an average of 2.839 and the vitality of rural households with an average of 2.773 were lower than the desired situation. The study of the effects of good rural governance on the vitality of rural households showed that good rural governance has the greatest effect with a beta coefficient of 0.398 on the economic vitality variable and the lowest effect with a beta coefficient of 0.147 on the environmental vitality variable. Governance also affects the variables of social vitality and cultural vitality with beta coefficients of 0.321 and 0.256, respectively.

In Shahrekord, as one of the middle cities that in recent years, has witnessed widespread migration from surrounding cities and villages, the need to pay attention to the optimization of urban furniture, and its role in environmental quality, citizen satisfaction, and their vitality more It is considered in advance. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of urban furniture in improving the quality of the urban environment, and the satisfaction and vitality of citizens in Mellat Street, Shahrekord. The present study has used descriptive and analytical research methods. Also, this research is applied-developmental in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study includes the population of Shahrekord, in 2016, 190,441 people, the sample size based on Cochran's formula, 384 people were randomly selected. The research tool includes a questionnaire (urban furniture, quality of urban environment, satisfaction, vitality of citizens), with 42 questions. The validity of the questionnaire was formal, which was confirmed by 5 experts and professors, and the validity of the structure was confirmed by factor analysis, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's alpha of 0.79. Is. Data analysis based on structural equation analysis was performed in Emus software. The results show that, in general, the performance of urban furniture in improving the quality of urban environment, and satisfaction and vitality of citizens, in Mellat Street, Shahrekord, and this is such that the coefficient of impact of the relationship between urban furniture performance and satisfaction, 0.72, the relationship between urban furniture performance and environmental quality was 0.36, and the relationship between urban furniture performance and vitality was 0.29. Accordingly, the organization of urban furniture, as one of the most important elements of the urban environment, has a significant contribution to the comfort and desirability of space from the point of view of citizens, and lack of planning or incomplete planning in the field of urban furniture, the inefficiency of these elements hits.

Urban roads have been one of the main places of social interactions of citizens since the past. The effects of factors affecting citizens' vitality in environmental design, with the approach of preventive environmental design from crime, can greatly improve the quality of space and sense of security, which is the main goal of this research.

The research is descriptive-analytical based on statistical analysis, through library studies, observation and researcher-made questionnaire tool, in terms of its applied purpose and in terms of its nature. The questionnaire was prepared based on 42 questions for 320 respondents. The analysis is based on images, observations and data analysis in "SPSS" software.

In the category of crime prevention through environmental design, the index of natural care and surveillance with a rate of 0.677 and in the category of urban space vitality, the index of area cleanliness, nighttime activity, belonging and place memory respectively with the rates of 0.692, 0.698 and 0.621 have the greatest impact. had.

According to the findings, the cleaner the environment, the more natural care and supervision, the belonging and memory of a place in the environment and space will increase, and as a result, the presence of citizens in that place will be more. On the one hand, the continuous and active presence of people makes the space livelier, and this liveliness will reduce crime and ultimately become a safe space for the citizens by applying the above-mentioned steps in environmental design.

An essential condition for urban communities is the he high level of quality and vitality of urban spaces, in a way that it allows people to enjoy social interactions. In fact, the vitality of urban spaces develops the social health of citizens. Urban art as a representative of art arising from the interior, context, and texture of any community and its people tries to merge art with the present life of people and insert aesthetics into the context of their lives. This kind of art tries to raise the attraction of urban life. As an influential and precious means, urban art has an important role in the quality of public spaces. The artistic elements that exist in urban spaces can be effective in the presence or absence of citizens in urban spaces. In fact, to determine the quality of a place, urban art should be consistent with that place and defined for that context. Unfortunately, despite having enough knowledge about the profits and advantages of the existence of urban arts in urban spaces, such works aren’t seen in our country and there is lack of interaction with users of urban spaces with them. In the present project, to study the role of urban arts in improving the vitality of public spaces, the central sidewalk of Rasht was chosen as a case study.

The present study mainly aims to investigate the role of cultural and artistic factors in the vitality of public spaces with a case study of Rasht Municipality sidewalk from the citizens’ point of view. To do this, 22 factors in the field of urban arts were identified based on the study of theoretical foundations and research background. Then, based on these factors, the research questionnaire was designed. In this questionnaire, the respondents were asked to estimate the status of these factors in the cultural sidewalk complex of Rasht in the form of Likert scale (1 = very inappropriate, 2 = inappropriate, 3 = moderate, 4 = appropriate, 5 = very appropriate).In the present study, the statistical population was the citizens who were on the sidewalk of Rasht Municipality. To determine the sample size of the study Cochran formula was applied. Since there was no exact statistical information about the statistical population of the study, the size of the population was considered to be unlimited. In Cochran formula, the sample size with the rise of population size will be a maximum of 384. Overall, 400 questionnaires were distributed among the citizens who were on the cultural sidewalk of Rasht Municipality. Then, among the collected questionnaires, 374 of them were complete and accurate which their information was entered SPSS software.In the present study, in order to measure and analyze the data, the statistical tests in SPSS software were applied. In the descriptive findings section, using one sample t-test, the status of urban arts factors in the study area was evaluated. To determine the most effective factors in the vitality of the cultural sidewalk of Rasht Municipality, exploratory factor analysis was applied.

22 factors were studied in the present study, out of which, the factor of night lighting art gained first place with an average score of 3.36. The creative design of sculptures and decorative volumes gained the second place with an average score of 3.26. Factors of historical monuments, painting, and arrangement of decorative elements of buildings, the beauty of the facades of buildings, and waterfront design with average scores of 3.18, 3.09, 3.06 and 2.93 gained third to sixth places, respectively. Based on the results of the present study, the status of eight factors such as traditional plays, theater and street plays, artistic elements, and murals with an average score of less than 1.8 was very inappropriate. Six other factors were placed in inappropriate status. In this regard, factors such as street music, festivals and public carnivals, and beauty in environmental advertising and special and unique buildings can be mentioned. Eventually, only three elements including creative design of sculptures and decorative volumes, waterfront design, and the art of night lighting were placed in an appropriate status.The results of factor analysis indicated that the 22 studied factors were summarized in three factors. The first factor with seven subsets including artistic elements, historical monuments, and creative design of green spaces, painting and arrangement of decorative elements of buildings, creative design of sculptures and decorative volumes, waterfront design and special and unique buildings with a percentage of variance 38.18% has the greatest effect on the vitality of Rasht Municipality sidewalks. These indicators mainly refer to physical elements in the study area. Hence, they are introduced as "artistic elements". Having a percentage of variance of 38.18%, the second factor with three subsets including traditional plays, street theater, street music and festivals and public carnivals with a percentage of variance of 38.18% is considered as the second effective factor on the vitality of the sidewalk of Rasht Municipality. These factors are related to the activities done in the study area. Hence, they are introduced as "artistic and theatrical activities". Eventually, the third factor gains the third place with four subsets including visual and artistic attractions in space, digital paintings and visual arts, mosaics and fresco and murals with a percentage of variance of 15.22%. The third group of factors that is derived from factor analysis refers to graphic arts. Hence, they are introduced as "environmental graphics". Overall, it can be said that out of 22 studied factors, 15 main factors in the field of achievement of urban arts on the sidewalk of Rasht Municipality were identified.

Collective and public arenas in the city are considered as a platform for the achievement of urban arts. The spaces that promote vitality are both movement and pause, and in fact urban life can be shown in these spaces. In order to be influential in developing the quality and vitality of that environment, urban art must be defined and demonstrated based on the context and place in which it is formed. In the cultural sidewalk of Rasht, the attractiveness of the studied sidewalk can be increased by designing special and unique buildings, creative design of green space, designing artistic elements and, in fact, by focusing on artistic elements. This attraction makes more use of space and increases the tourism potential and vitality of this space. On the other hand, performing artistic activities such as traditional and indigenous plays, organizing music and street theaters, and celebrating public festivals and carnivals, become a platform for human and social activities and enhance the vitality of the space.

The present study, with the aim of identifying dimensions of spatial quality affecting the vitality of urban parks, has analyzed the effect of different physical and non-physical dimensions of space on promoting the vitality of Shurabil Park in Ardabil and has provided design solutions. The study is descriptive-analytical in nature and quantitative in terms of method. Data were collected through questionnaire and observation tools sequentially to ensure accurate measurement of variables and provide a design solution, and the reliability of the questionnaire tool with an alpha coefficient of 0.847 has been confirmed. To determine the sample size using Cochran formula, 300 clients of ​​Shurabil park with simple random sampling method were selected as statistical sample. Statistical analysis was achieved by SPSS26 software and mean, correlation and regression tests were used in this study. The innovation of research is to evaluate the combined effects of physical and non-physical dimensions of space on the vitality of parks. Findings showed that there is a significant relationship between different dimensions spatial quality and vitality of ​​Shurabil park and dimensions of activity and sociability have the greatest impact on the vitality of parks.

The main goal of this research is to evaluate the dimensions of vitality in the Esfris sidewalk in Ardebil city and to provide effective solutions in order to improve the vitality of the sidewalk. The research is descriptive-analytical and practical in terms of purpose, the statistical population of which is the citizens who have visited the sidewalk, and because it is uncertain, the sample size estimation formula for the statistical population with an indefinite limit was used, which using Cochran's formula, 385 citizens were selected. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire, the reliability of which was obtained  using Cronbach's alpha of 0.75, indicating the good reliability of  the questionnaire. 31 components were selected in the four dimensions of use and activity, physical, access and communication, and environment, and in line with the answer to the research problem, from the analysis based on the appropriate statistical tests in the SPSS (1-sample t-test and Friedman) were used. In relation to the innovation of the present research, it can be said that no research has been done on the vitality of the Esfris sidewalk until now. The results show that the average of user and activity, physical, access, communication, and environmental dimensions is significantly higher than the average criterion (No. 3), which indicates a relatively favorable situation and somewhat higher than average. The results of Friedman's test also showed that the ranking of the dimensions is meaningful from the point of view of the citizens, and the citizens have different ratings of the dimensions of the vitality of the sidewalk.

 Problem Statement: 

"The dynamics of a city as a living being" depends on vitality and hilarity. Creating and promoting vitality in an urban space requires that the characteristics of the space meet the needs of citizens as this can increase their continued presence and life qualities.

Urban parks as one of the important elements of public spaces play an important role in providing citizens' leisure times. The existence of vitality in these spaces causes attraction of more population and promotes social interactions. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the vitality situation in Ata Coastal Park in Miandoab.

This research was done from the perspective of purpose in terms of nature and based on a descriptive-analytical method. The required data were collected using a documentary and field method.

Analysis of vitality indices in the coastal park of Miandoab indicated the average status of this park in terms of urban vitality indices. According to the findings of this study, the criteria of perceptual-sensory and social interactions played an important role in the vitality and happiness of the citizens of Miandoab in Ata Park. Such features caused formation of a significant and positive relationship between the visitors’ demographic characteristics and the park vitality. However, there was considerable dissatisfaction with the quantity and quality of recreational facilities, as well as the safety of sports facilities and the park space.

In recent decades, due to the rapid growth of the population and irregular expansion of the cities and the dominance of the vehicle in the streets, the pedestrian role in the urban spaces has been neglected. This issue led to the formation of tedious spaces and away from social interactions. Therefore, to create the vital and human-centered spaces and provide a ground to establish social interactions, the urban managers and planners sought to design and construct the streets with the maximum social role. Nowadays, these streets are called pedestrian streets and are among the principal public and vital spaces of the city. The access to these streets in the form of walking provides social interactions and relationships for the individuals and plays a significant role in creating urban vitality. The current study aims to investigate the effect of the quality of the pedestrian streets in the vitality and social interactions among the citizens as well as explaining the relationships among these factors by studying the physical quality, vitality, and social interactions in the pedestrian street of the Rasht city center.

The purpose of this article was to write about the importance and impact of sidewalks in improving the quality of life and increasing vitality and urban interactions and analyzing the relationship between the quality of urban space on sidewalks (vitality, diversity, permeability, readability, security and social interactions). The research is of descriptive-analytical type and objective observations and its contents have been collected through documentary and non-documentary methods and the article has been discussed through maps, photos and measurements with meter tools.The results showed that sidewalks play an important role in the quality of life and urban spaces, vitality and urban interactions of citizens. Proper handling and design of sidewalks will increase the presence of citizens in the urban space. This will increase the sidewalk and reduce the excessive use of personal vehicles. Components affecting the presence of people in urban areas and the use of sidewalks include safety and security, vitality, readability, access to land uses, proper access for the disabled and physically disabled, visual attractiveness, etc., which are observed in the presence of More and more people are found in urban spaces and sidewalks.