جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Babol city » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Increasing population and urban development, increasing use of cars, increasing the number of private cars, Also the narrow width of the streets and the lack of supply of marginal park space, especially in the central parts, have caused many problems for large and densely populated cities. Parking lots as one of the most important urban infrastructures play a major role in reducing these problems. Today, in large cities, with the correct location of public parking lots, optimally manage of urban traffic is possible by increasing the provision of services to a large number of vehicles. 

In this research, first, effective criteria were extracted according to the opinion of Babol Municipality experts. The information layers of each criterion were prepared in the GIS environment and to equalize the layers, each criterion was classified, Then, the identified criteria were weighted using ANP technique and with the help of Super Decision software, and then pairwise comparisons were done. Weighted layers were combined by ANP method, were placed on top of each other in the GIS environment based on the influence of each layer (relative weight) and the map of the optimal areas for the construction of public parking lots was obtained. 

In this research, the inconsistency coefficient obtained was 0.07. Criteria prioritization showed that, "Distance from the road", "Distance from offices use" and "Distance from business use" criteria with a significance coefficient of 0.25, 0.24 and 0.15 respectively had the highest weights. Arc GIS software was used to prepare the final maps. Finally, suitable places for creating public parking lots were determined by applying the final weight of the criteria and overlapping the layers. According to the final location map, areas with very high potential, areas with high capability and areas with medium capability each have 3.11, 55.75 and 36.56 percent of urban lands, respectively. Areas with very high and high potential are mostly located in the northwestern, northeastern, southwestern and central parts of the city.            

The results indicate that the spatial distribution of existing parking lots in the city is not related to the effective criteria in these parking lots. According to the residential use map and population density and due to the epidemic of private car use, there is no match between the number of parking spaces in the city and their spatial distribution and population density. The result of urban parking location zoning using the ANP model and comparing it with existing parking lots in the city shows that The class of areas with high capacity for parking lots is located in parts of the city where there are no parking areas and there is an urgent need to create these types of users. This factor indicates that the location of existing parking lots in Babol city has been done without considering effective factors and criteria. All parking lots are located in one part of the city and at a close distance from each other. There is a need to create many public parking lots in other parts of the city, according to the urban population, until the per capita is closer to the reality. Considering the population of Babol city, which is 250,217 people, and the number of public parking lots, which is 6, this amount per capita is very low.

It is necessary to evaluate the physical texture of Babol according to the local characteristics and the spatial structure of the city and the reasons for its need for spatial reconstruction from the perspective of the smart city approach because urban management can consider defined areas for the city areas that should be accompanied by With technological standards and appropriate policies, the economic and social revitalization of the day in the form of technological development will help the smart city. This research is applied research done with analytical methods and a quantitative approach. The statistical population of the current research includes two sections of experts, whose number is 20 based on available sampling and Babol city residents based on Cochran's formula and random sampling. Two methods of SWARA, determining the importance of indicators, and WASPAS, ranking urban areas, were used for the data. Also, t-tests, analysis of variance (ANOVA), correlation, regression and Scheffe's post hoc test were used in SPSS software and structural equations in Amos software. According to the results, the indicators of a smart economy, smart government, smart life, smart citizen, smart environment and smart mobility are important in realizing a smart city. Also, based on the results of WASPAS, one area of Babol has a more favorable situation. Therefore, it is necessary for those in charge to pay special attention and have an application program for Region 2 and the context of the city of Babol in general in order to make it smart and achieve sustainable development. 

High education institutess are a key factor in the educational process. Centers that have a suitable location and are designed in a systematic program help the development of urban society in a suitable and efficient way. However, site selection of the high education centers, including Azad University, is a complex issue that involves many evaluations (technical, political, social, environmental and economic).

Goal:

The most important goal of the research is to implement the correct and appropriate model for the location of higher education centers for the effectiveness of uses in the city.

This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical and field in terms of method and nature, and the final weight of the criteria in preparing the location map was calculated using fuzzy hierarchical multi-criteria decision-making analysis. Based on this and by applying the weights of each criteria in the ArcGIS environment, the suitability of the lands of Babol city for the establishment of new higher education centers with an emphasis on the Islamic Azad University was determined.

Geographical area of research:

Babol City is located in Babol Township of Mazandaran Province.There are 18 high education institutes (including universities and high education institutes) in this city.

According to the opinion of experts, the criterion of the distance from flood-prone areas is the first priority with a relative weight of 0.098, and the land value criterion is the last priority with a relative weight of 0.035 to influence the optimal site selection of the high education institutes. According to the site selection map of high education institutes in Babol, the most suitable land for creating these centers is in the southwest and west part of the city and in the area of Farhangian, Nilufer, Azadegan, Taleghani and Andisheh complexes, as well as the current location of the Islamic Azad University of Babol branch.

There are three important points in choosing the location of university units with a sustainable development approach:1)Identifying the effects of the components of location and spatial distribution of high education; 2)Identifying the effects of the components of the stakeholders' satisfaction with high education; 3)Identifying the effects of the spatial components of high education site selection.

Iran is a land with a relatively high risk of earthquakes. Therefore, locating safe points against earthquakes based on spatial and non-spatial capabilities of a land is inevitable. The current research has been carried out with the aim of planning and locating safe and suitable places against earthquakes in Babol city, so that human and financial losses caused by earthquakes can be reduced as much as possible. This research is based on the practical purpose and on the basis of descriptive-analytical and field nature, the information of which has been collected using library and field methods and various tools such as data sheets, questionnaires, GPS, etc. and finally analyzed using ARC GIS software. The results of the research show that the parts of Babol city that have enough open spaces and at the same time are compatible with the uses around them, have a relatively better potential for settling the victims. By combining different layers of effective uses, the final map of optimal spaces for building urban shelters are divided into five categories from very good to very poor. Based on the findings, to determine the safest places, green spaces and parks, barren lands, schools, universities, sports fields have gained the most points for temporary accommodation.

Aging is a stage of life that how to spend it is of special importance. Aging in Iran, which is caused by the decrease in the birth rate and medical advances, is considered a new phenomenon. The current research seeks to evaluate the current situation of the livability of Babol city with the aim of prioritizing the main components of livability from the perspective of the elderly. The method of the current research is descriptive-analytical and based on first-hand data collected through documentary and survey methods using a questionnaire. The collected data were processed using SPSS and Smart Pls software. The current situation has been analyzed using the one-sample t-test and the relationships between dimensions and livability indices have been analyzed using structural equation modeling with the partial least squares (PLS) method. The general results indicate that in the current situation, all aspects of Babil city's livability were lower than the average. The results of the model also showed that all the components have a positive and significant effect on the current situation, but the biggest effect is the urban health component, which can be called as the driver of the livability of the city of Babol. The environmental component has had the least effect on the current situation of Babil city's livability.

Happiness is a collective concept that encompasses all elements of the city system. This study aims to explain the appropriate model of a happy city for Babol city in the form of appropriate factors and components. The present study is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in nature and mixed in terms of method. The statistical population of the study to explain the pattern of creating a happy city is urban science specialists in Babol city, which was selected as a sample using a judgmental method and available to 28 people. The factors and components of the happy city in Babol were determined using the fuzzy Delphi method. The reliability and validity of the fuzzy Delphi questionnaire structure were evaluated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient, combined reliability coefficient and mean extraction variance in Smart PLS 3 software. Then, by path analysis method, has been done structural equation modelling for the model of a happy city in Babol city in Smart PLS 3 software. According to the results, the management factor with a path coefficient of 0.282 has the greatest impact on the model of a happy city in Babol city. Economic, physical, social and environmental factors with path coefficients of 0.279, 0.265, 0.254 and 0.236 are in the next ranks of impact on the happy city in Babol city, respectively. Spatial planning and redistribution for fair access of citizens to urban services and joyful uses are offered as the main suggestion based on the study findings. Keywords: Happy City, Pattern Explanation, Path Analysis, Structural Equation Model, Babol City.

One of the propositions for measuring the household's social welfare level is the economic level and the amount of income. Residence is one of the essential aspects of citizen welfare. Since benefiting from a favorable urban view is one of the fundamental rights of citizenship. Therefore, our goal in this research is to prove the hypothesis that the neighborhoods where the citizens have a lower income level do not have a desirable urban view. This research was carried out with a descriptive-analytical method and collected information from reliable sources, using the library method as well as field visits and referring to relevant organizations and finally using a questionnaire. Software such as SPSS and Super decision were used for data analysis, and the model used in this research is the Analytical Network Process (ANP) model. In this research, the relationship between the effective urban spatial structure components in the urban landscape, including visual-qualitative, functional-spatial, semantic-sensory, physical-structural and environmental components, is evaluated with the income level of the local residents. The research results prove the correctness of our hypothesis, and thus, prosperous residential areas have a better urban landscape quality and vice versa. Therefore, according to civil rights laws, urban planners and managers are obliged to improve the quality of the urban landscape in all neighborhoods of the city with the participation of the people, regardless of class levels, so that we do not witness the ecological and social separations that cause the decline of individual well-being and social dignity.

AbstractExistence of different economical, social and cultural facilities in cities has made many villagers to leave their hometown and to immigrate to cities. This is when the expensiveness of land and housing makes the new immigrants to build shelter for themselves and to hide it from city officials and without out permission. This causes a lot of problems for other citizens. As a result, this study tries to provide necessary and functional strategies about development of informal housing while analyzing the challenges of place development of informal housing in studying region. For achieving this goal, analytical study approach was used and needed information was gathered by documentaries and field research. The population under study was the families residing in four neighborhoods of Muziraj, eastern and western Katy, Baghabadian and Sadat mahalle (14599) in 1390 that among them and based on typical Cochran formula, 310 people were given selected questionnaires and then according to the number of households in each one of the four neighborhoods, the questionnaires were distributed based on simple randomized method. Results of hypothesis testing indicated that there is a meaningful relationship between citizen participation in informal settlement with the level of development in different neighborhoods which means that the more residents participate in various activities related to the city, more the neighborhood problems are reduced and neighborhoods become developed and vice versa. Also the hypothesis test about the relationship between economic and social challenges and underdevelopment of neighborhoods indicated that economically, the lack of investment by public and private investors were the main challenges raised by residents. Also socio-culturally, the lack of access to recreational facilities was the main challenge raised by residents and environmental-physically the main challenge was the poor goal, status and quality of the roads in neighborhoods and this challenge was bigger in eastern and western Katy neighborhood compared to others. Keywords: Challenge, strategy, informal settlement, Babol city

Vulnerability caused by the flood is complex and fluctuation. The flood vulnerability is depended on the phenomena such as precipitation, runoff and its accumulated and amount of vulnerability lowland areas of flood. Flood vulnerability be varied over time and from region to another that its reason for natural special circumstances . In order to drawing schematic of vulnerability surface caused by flood in Babul city, we used Analytical Hierarchy Process model (AHP) with variables namely: lands use, old texture, distance from transportation network and river, runoff height, slope, channel density and height. Priority and determination relationship between these variables with the vulnerability carried out through AHP method. The weight of criteria were: land use and old texture 0.35, distance transportation network 0.24, distance from river 0.16, runoff height 0.10, slope 0.07, density of channel 0.044 and for variable height 0.03. Therefore, land use and old texture gained minimum and maximum weights. After calculating the relative weights and using the equation obtained from the coefficients of the variables, Babul city flood vulnerability map was prepared by using the analysis formats in Arc Map in five vulnerability class: very low, low, medium, high and very high. Very high vulnerability class based on old texture mapping of the old texture of Babul and parts it is that density is highest or impermeable surfaces is highest. Very high vulnerability area is visible more in downtown and the river surrounding. However, the expansion of agriculture lands and reduced density of impermeable surfaces (use of residential and passageways) led to reduce flood vulnerability in city. Area of very low vulnerable class and very high vulnerable are 4.3, 9.3, 5.9, 4.7 and 7.7, kilometers respectively. The low vulnerable class and very high vulnerable class including 29.1 and 23.9 percentage of Babul city area, respectively. Finally locating 38 percentages from Babul city in very high and very high vulnerable is indicating high relatively vulnerable of this city in flood.

Today, there are many cities around the world that have been exploited by the dispersed growth of natural resources, open and green spaces. One of the ways to cope with such a disorderly growth in the world is to use the "smart growth" pattern in city development plans. In this regard, in the forthcoming research, the analysis of the physical-spatial parameters of urban smart growth indicators in areas of Babol city and the factors influencing it through eight key indicators of smart growth have been addressed. The purpose of this research is to investigate the physical and spatial analysis and prioritize the seven areas of Babol based on smart growth indices in order to realize the goals of sustainable development. The research method in this study is descriptive-analytic and is considered as an applied research in terms of purpose. Based on the proposed hierarchical model, an ANP paired comparison questionnaire was used to collect the required data to determine the weight of the criteria. The ARAS questionnaire was used to rank the areas based on urban smart growth indices. Statistical sample society is 20 senior managers and senior officials of the municipality of Babol. The results of the research show that area 4 located in the central and old nucleus of the city with a score of 0/198 has the best condition, and area 1 with 0/090 score is the worst situation. Accordingly, in terms of the level of smart growth indicators, one, two (with a score of 118) and a third (with a score of 117) areas are considered as deprived areas that are in the first priority of development and attention Urges by city managers to eliminate deforestation.

Building density, which is defined is the ratio of total area of a residential building (in all floors) to the area of its lot, is an important issue in land management and urban planning. Today, the scarcity of financial resources and the need for reducing the costs of urban development and providing more suitable and economical services have directed the attentions toward the potential advantages of denser housing and has consequently led to cities’ increased building density. The present paper seeks to conduct a spatial analysis on Babol city to assess its building density, and a descriptive-analytical approach is used to achieve this objective.
The research findings show that the density pattern is not uniformly distributed across the city, and is scattered at some parts of the city in the form of multiple cores, and that building density in western and north-western parts of the city is more than other parts. The findings indicate that the middle and southern parts of the city have an old and worn-out fabric.
The optimized distribution and balancing the building density through the reuse of land and upgrading it to the required residential standards will provide the residential space needed in the next 10 years for population housing without the need for expanding the city limits.

The rapid growth of urbanization formed in the 19th century after the industrial revolution in the developed countries and after that the urban area of many cities extended rapidly. In those cities many different activities such as transportation, industrial and construction activities is much higher than rural environments, while in that environments vegetation and green spaces are lower. Thus, these activities cause the increased level of temperature in the urban environments compared to surrounding areas which this phenomenon is called “urban heat island” (Oke, 1973). This phenomenon is one of the main concerns in the urban environments due to its impact on biological, meteorological, environmental, social and economical aspects. For instance, urban head island causes earlier bloom and the blossom of plants and trees, prolongation of the growing season. Thus, Babol is one of the densely built cities of Mazandaran province, which is confronted with rapid population growth during few last decades. The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of urbanization on heat island and day to day temperature variation in that city.
The study area was conducted in the Babol city, Mazandaran. Due to the lack of meteorological station in the Babol city, three devices with data logger (MIC 98583 USB-Data Logger, Taiwan) were equipped to record temperature and relative humidity in three environments urban, suburban, and green. The temperature and relative humidity were recorded every hour throughout the course of 80 days (July 6 to September 22) in 2015.
The monitoring boxes were placed at a height of about 2.5 m above the ground surface. This study is investigated the day to day temperature variation with respect to the impact of urbanization on temperature variations. For this purpose, the two following integrated methods were used: 1) the day to day temperature variation (DTD); 2) the difference between day to day variability of daily maximum temperature (DTD max) and day to day variability of daily minimum temperature (DTDmin) (Tam et al., 2015).
The day to day temperature variation is based on the following equations: Equation 1: Where Σ is the sum over all n data elements, t is daily temperature, i is the counter that marches through the days in a time period (e.g. a month),| | is the absolute value, and n is the number of days elements.
Equation 2: ΔDTD is the difference between day to day variability of daily Tmax (DTDtmax) and day to day variability of daily Tmin (DTDtmin). A positive value indicates greater day-time day to day temperature variation and a negative value indicates greater night-time day to day temperature variation (Tam et al., 2015). The significant difference for temperature (maximum and minimum) and daily relative humidity in different environments was tested using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA); and then the day to day variability of temperature was calculated based on a DTD and ΔDTD equations for all three environments. Analysis of the data was conducted using Excel and R software.
The difference between the mean temperature of urban and suburban environments in our study area is around 1°C and this difference between urban and green environments is around 1.8°C. The mean relative humidity in the urban and green environments are minimum (67%) and maximum (77%), respectively. Day to day temperature variation of daily temperature DTD(tmean) and temperature maximum DTD(tmax) in the urban environment is higher than suburban and green environments, but the day to day temperature variation of daily temperature minimum DTD(tmin) is less than the two other environments. The difference of DTD(tmax) and DTD(tmin) in the urban environment is higher than the two other environments and is nearly zero for the green environment. These values indicate higher variation of the daily temperature in the urban and a very small difference in the daily and nightly temperatures variation for the green environment. The results of this research demonstrate that the heat island not only affects the temperature in Babol city, but also influences its day to day temperature variation.
Based on these results, one could observe the impact of urbanization on climatic parameters in particular temperature and humidity. Moreover, the green environment can play an important role on the climate change of Babol city.

Today, natural disasters and damages caused by these accidents in different parts of the world have made making cities safer to become a long-term and achievable challenge so that urban communities are looking for conditions to reduce the damage so they can get to pre-crisis situation as soon as possible. Meanwhile, viability is an important way to strengthen communities and cities by using their capacities. In this regard, the present study uses a descriptive-analytic method to investigate the viability of Babol area against environmental hazards that’s questionnaire was arranged with four dimensions, 16 indicators and 31 sub-indicators and total of 383 questionnaires were distributed randomly among the statistical population of the study, based on the Cochran model. To investigate the research issues and data analysis has been used from the multi-variable decision-making model "VIKOR" and the standard weights of each of the indicators have been calculated using Chanol Entropy method. The results of the research data were analyzed using SPSS, GIS and Excel software it is shown that among different dimensions of urban vibration in 12 areas of Babol, physical dimensions (with a mean of 3.54) and then social (with an average of 3.14) are more appropriate but in general, about 50% of the studied areas in Babol have low glare and irregularity and only 25% of the regions are quite viable in terms of indicators.

The success of any project depends on the satisfaction of the people using the scheme. Mehr housing project was one of the most extensive urban housing projects in the history of Iran's housing plan However, the satisfaction rate of residents of these plans has been less studied. However, this research has evaluated the satisfaction degree of inhabitants from the residential environment quality in Mehr housing in Ovshib and Mehre Velayat complexes of Babol city. The study method was descriptive-analytical and the data collection method was documentary and survey using questionnaires. To analyze of data , SPSS software was used.The research society consisted of 600 husbandmen who were living in the settlements with their families. According to Cochrane formula, sample size was estimated to be 360. The analysis of data was made by using SPSS software and statistical methods such as Chi-square test, Pearson correlation analysis and t-test one sample was conducted. This process can be divided in two parts; the first part of the relationship between socio-demographic characteristics of individual variable with satisfaction that here the relationship between marital status and gender (nominal variables) with the satisfaction of using the chi-square test square has been done and the relationship between three variables of age, and income facility (continuous variables) and satisfaction was assessed using Pearson correlation test. The second part examines the satisfaction of residents from their location to be explored. The statistical methods used in this section, single-sample T-test is. Chi-square test results show that the relation between sex and marital status of satisfaction with residential units, there is a significant relationship. Also, the results of Pearson correlation analysis, shows that the relationship between age and average monthly income with the consent of the residential complex, is significant. On the other hand, one-sample t-test results showed that satisfaction was moderate people from their residential complex.So that, residents of the environmental dimension, lighting and ventilation, security, physical characteristics, and other parameters relative satisfaction (average) are. Thus, most measures of satisfaction of residential units are located at the intermediate level and the satisfaction of residents of housing complexes Babol moderate (3.33) is calculated and the results are significant factors are high at 99%. Finally, the results of independent t test to compare two Maher residential complexes show significant differences does not exist in terms of housing satisfaction level in the Ovshib and Mehre Velayat complexes of Babol city.

The city is develops and flourishes and changes in the history and its appearance changes due to the influence of different events. These changes are different in different times. When the city is growing, developing, making new texts with saving last physics and updating with new needs, we can say this nice city should use a logical connection between ancient text and safe the identity of city. Saving and maintaining ancient spaces without changes is impossible. In this research it is intended to find the reasons for slumpingof Babolcity in the center and ancient areas and providing ways for the revitalization to change this position.This research uses SPSS and SWOTsoftware. The result research shows that the insufficient income,temporary jobs and plans are the most important reasons for slumpingthe city in this area. As the result of the study, some solutions are provided.

The main aim of this research is to identify the fundamental elements of thelocational fabric of Babol "a city in the North of Iran", & to show its effects on theurban physical development from the economic, social & cultural point of view.It has studied The composed elements of the location fabric as a permanentenvironmental factor & then it has studied the formation & the economic & socialdevelopment of urban fabric separately.This research is important because by knowing the locational fabric, we can guide& control the economic-social fabrics of a city & finally guide the urban managementthrough it. Because the cultural, social & economic dimensions influence the basicfabric of a city. This research has noticed the formation grounds of a fabric both thesocial & economic fabric & the revival of these fabrics through the basic levers.This research shows that the physical disorganization , unsuitable availability, & theuncoordination of the urban structure of Babol are because of not noticing therecognition, control, & guidance of the physical elements in the development of thiscity ; so the main purpose of this research is to recognize these elements.