جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Capacity » در نشریات گروه « جغرافیا »

Urban environment is a space where human needs are met and therefore it should be suitable for human life. Failure to pay attention to the social and physical dimensions of cities in sustainable development puts various development programs and projects at risk, because physical and social sustainability depends on justice in the physical distribution of services in an adequate manner. Therefore, in this research, an attempt has been made to measure the sustainability capacity of Urmia city based on social and physical indicators and using quantitative models. According to its purpose, this research is an applied research and according to the method of doing the work, it has a descriptive-analytical nature. Information has been collected through library studies, available articles, field studies and census data of Iran Statistics Center in 2015. Thus, after studying and reviewing the documents and sources related to sustainable development, effective social and physical indicators from the perspective of sustainability were extracted and then according to the availability of GIS data, 12 indicators were selected from among the various influential factors to reach the research output. The weight of the indicators was calculated using the best-worst method in Gamez software, and finally, by multiplying the weights in the standardized indicators based on fuzzy functions, the sustainability capacity in Urmia city was measured. The results show that 8% of the city area is in the very low stability zone, 16% in the low stability zone, 4% in the medium stability zone, 36% in the high stability zone and 36% in the very high stability zone.

The social composition of Iranian society consists of three distinct populations: urban, rural and nomadic. Due to the fact that Iran has different ethnicities since ancient times, in this regard, it has a very suitable platform for planning all kinds of tourism, and due to the fact that it is one of the few countries where migration continues as in the past, and the nomads of Iran still have their traditions. It can be a good place for nomadic tourism, in the meantime, the nomadic territory with its natural attractions, traditional, cultural and environmental resources and potentials is a great opportunity for the development of nomadic tourism in Iran.

The purpose of the research: 

The purpose of the present research is to examine and analyze the neglected capacities of tourism in the nomadic area Razvanshahr. The purpose of the research The purpose of the present research is to examine and analyze the neglected capacities of tourism in the nomadic area Razvanshahr.Geographical area: Rezvanshahr county is located in the northern part of Iran, between the shores of the Caspian Sea and the Talash mountain range, and consists of two plains and mountains. This city has a common border with the Caspian Sea and Talesh city from the north, Khalkhal city from the west, Soumesara and Masal cities from the south, and Bandar Anzali city from the east.

According to experts, Razvanshahr region has a great and extensive religion, has an original and ancient civilization, and due to its special location and favorable climate and weather, it has many historical, cultural, and natural attractions. It has also provided a lot for nomadic tourism, among them; (Nomadic life customs) with a weight value of (0.411) is one of the most important neglected capacities in this area, and progress and development in this area can be a great help in better identifying nomadic tourism in this area.

Identifying the neglected capacities of nomadic tourism is a part of the tourism market and a source of employment and income, and a strategy to preserve the environment and traditional culture of nomads, and a complementary and diversifying source in the nomadic economy, and as a result, a policy for economic development. It is considered social and ecological of nomadic societies.

Extended Abstract Introduction This fact that centralized urban land management in most developing countries cause local institutions have no place in decision-making and suffer from the absence of the required institutional capacity is also there in Iran as a developing country with a petroleum-based economy. Although Iran has made an effort to move from centralization policy towards decentralization policy in land management over the past few decades, its urban land management system still suffers from a lack of proper vision, high centralization, and non-participatory decision-making. As a matter of fact, the top-down centralized planning system in Iran requires that land and housing policies be managed by central governments, and local and regional governments (municipalities) are just obligated to implement plans designed in the national level. To that aim, a governmental institution called the "National Land and Housing Organization" became the main responsibil in urban land management on behalf of the central government for implementing some of the objectives for the last forty years and councils and municipalities are the only executer and obedient of decisions made in the national level: decisions that are made for the whole country without taking into account the spatial, geographical, cultural and social differences. Apart from preparing political and governmental contexts such as decentralization and delegation of authorities to local levels, councils and municipalities, as local institutions responsible for land management in Iranian cities, should be able to enhance their institutional weaknesses by creating and developing some capacity. Now, the question which the present study is going to answer it is that what kind of capacities should be created or developed by local institutions to improve their abilities for applying good governance in land management.   Methodology According to the studied indicators and the nature of the subject, the present study is applicable and the method is descriptive-analytic. in this research, two main methods of interview and questionnaire were used to collect the desired data. After analysis of literature review, firstly the accepted indicators in the field of good governance of urban land and then the most important areas of institutional weakness in councils and municipalities were identified as research capacity needs. In the second stage, to find the accuracy of the indicators and measure the relationship and appropriateness of these indicators with the proposed capacities, as well as localization and compatibility of the proposed capacities with the Iranian management context, a semi-structured interview form was designed and was given to ten experts with a scientific background in urban planning, urban development and land use. in the next step, Delphi systematic technique was used to extract the opinions of experts about whether there is a relationship between these capacities and the realization of good governance in Iran's urban land management. Finally, a structured questionnaire was designed based on 7 main indicators and 32 proposed capacities and was sent to 30 experts to rate the capacities using the Likert scale, in other words, to quantify them from the value of (1-10).  Finally, using Spearman model, the correlation between dependent and independent variables of the research was confirmed and using linear regression model, the direct effects of independent variables on dependent in general were calculated and based on path analysis model, the direct and indirect impact some capacities on the realization of the good urban land governance in Iran were measured.   Results and discussion According to the results of Spearman test, the proposed capacities in the area of localism have the highest correlation and relationship with the realization of the indicators of good urban governance by local institutions. After determining the correlation between the independent and dependent variables in the Spearman test, the regression model was used which its results shows only the proposed capacities in the areas of "taxation and registration", "localism" and "optimal land management" have a real and significant relationship with the realization of good indicators of urban land governance in Iran. In other words, the proposed capacities in these three sectors will have the greatest impact on the realization of indicators of good urban land governance in Iran. The results of the path analysis model also showed that if capacities proposed in the area of security and property system as a complementary element add to capacities of "the taxation and registration, localism and optimal land management areas", the impact of the capacities of these three areas on the realization of good urban land governance is increasing increases.    Conclusion The results of the present study indicate that there is a significant relationship between the proposed capacities in the areas of institutional weakness and the realization of indicators of good urban land governance in Iran. It shows the interrelationship between the two variables that the more seriously the proposed capacities are created or developed at the local management levels, the greater the possibility of achieving good governance indicators in the urban land sector, As a result, if decentralization would be happened in Iran, councils and municipalities, as local institutions, can acquire the necessary capacity to accept authority in local urban land management and guarantee the optimal management of urban land as a valuable resource. in general, this study believes that in order to creating and developing institutional capacities at the local management level and eliminate the weaknesses in the field of taxation and registration, the capacity of " create or strengthen geographic databases to implement or complete the cadastral system ", for eliminating the areas of localism, the capacity of " storing, registering and updating urban land information in land databases on the local level and improving the quality of registration by preparing cadastral maps" and for eliminating the weakness of the area of ​​optimal land management the capacity of " Enhancing the storage and registry of urban land information on databases at the local level for providing the needs of today and the future" is the first step. Finally, this study strongly believes that the establishment of good governance in urban land management requires technological infrastructure in the local institution and this infrastructure provides the basis for decentralization. Establishing good governance in in fact, decentralization will hold local management accountable to national management, this process will create transparency, and the establishment of these two elements will surely ensure the integration that is the first principle of optimal land management.

Population is one of the fundamental elements in economic, social and cultural programs. Accordingly, awareness of the population and its structure, size and spatial extent are important tools for decision making and planning. Because in many countries, including Iran, about half of the country's population lives in these areas. However, regional inequality between the border and central regions of the country is evident. Border regions, therefore, are significantly different in terms of prosperity and development compared to major population centers. The purpose of this article is to analyze the population capacities in the border regions of Ardabil province. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and library method was used to collect the required data. The data have been analyzed and analyzed using population growth rate model and elasticity coefficient. The results show that among the border towns of Ardabil province, Pars Abad and Ardebil have had a positive trend in the three periods under study.

In the past decade, organizations have faced major changes, such as knowledge-centeredness and the focus on new technologies, due to the advent of modern technologies, market developments and new urban managerial approacshe, which have affected and transformed the goals and processes of their work. The present study aimed to assess the educational capacity of urban management and prioritized the educational needs of Municipality managers in Zanjan. It is descriptive-explanatory method. The data gathering method was library and field based.Sample size According to the 200 people of the middle level managers of Zanjan municipality, 127 persons were randomly allocated to the variables required for developmental capacity, Additional needs and problem solving needs were measured in Zanjan municipality. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software and then analyzed with the structural equation model (path analysis method) and the relationship between the variables affecting educational capacity of the managers. The results show that the educational capacity of managers with variables of capacity development needs, complementary needs and problem solving needs with a coefficient of greater than 0.88 and t-value higher than the confidence level of 1.96 have a significant positive relationship with the direction and the variables are also significant in each other. To be On the other hand, indicators for assessing the variables of developmental needs and complementary needs are less than the problem solving requirement, and a predictive structural representativeness such as having a strategic plan,creativity, a unit work plan, maintaining and operating a power below the standard level.

The purpose of this article modeling the building density in the historic area of Urmia city is based on its capacity. The present research according to its purpose is practical and according to its method is descriptive- analytical. In this article, after studying the relevant sources, the number of 10 indicators based on information existence for Urmia city is selected. Calculating Weight of indexes carried out according to AHP method and preparing the information of layers is done in GIS and Global Mapper software. After importing indexes to Idrisi software for standardization of indexes using with fuzzy functions that based on the relationship of each indicator defined for the purpose of research, is action. Then weight from AHP method multiplied in each of the indexes and finally, by using the Weighted Sum, combination of weighted indicators in order to product the existence of research is done. The results of show that 9% of historical area in terms of the capacity of building density shipment in the zone of too low capacity of density, 8% in the zone of low capacity of density, 18% in the zone of middle capacity of density, 60% in the zone of high capacity of density and 5% in the zone of too high capacity of density is located.

Environmental degradation often is due to the indiscriminate use of the earth. In recent decades following the increasing tourism in nature (ecotourism) and lack of attention to the carrying capacity of the land and tourism destination areas for these areas, there have been numerous problems. Protected areas such as tourism destinations are produce with a high potential, they suffered many injuries. Land capability assessment and zoning to receive tourists in the estimated capacity of this zone can help to manage and maintain the areas. The preventive solutions for sustainable development is taken into account. In this study in order to evaluate the sustainable development of tourism in protected areas, to evaluate the capacity of protected area of Sabalan in west Ardabil province were done. the tourism model to assess the potential of the region and the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) to assess the capacity of a physical, real and effective range. The results showed that the study area for both classes is extensive tourism potential. The physical capacity of 80 880 people per a day , is the actual capacity of 8025 people per day and effective capacity of 25 people a day were calculated. By comparing the basic capacity in the region with the value obtained from the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources instructions can be concluded that in the area of tourism more than capacity is permitted and that is recommended for more accurate estimation of the carrying capacity of IUCN in tourist areas than other approaches, such as life Cycle assessment (LCA) as well as for the actual capacity of the range of social, economic and psychological also be used.

The rapid growth of urbanization in many developing countries, including Iran's planned urban land use has serious limitations. One of the challenges in this field, properly locating and municipal services such as educational centers. Training centers are one of the most important urban services; Selecting the optimum deployment of schools, require the features and proportions, how to deploy in the environment, how to use space and basic profile. In this study, the descriptive - analytically, localization and establishment of secondary schools in district 2 of Tehran is investigated. For this purpose, using consistent measurements, utility and capacity and utilizing Geographic Information System (GIS), occasion or no occasion at other schools studied in terms of urban land uses were analyzed and complete picture of the situation in schools format compatibility matrices, utility and capacity were presented. Results showed that although the schools based on the capacity and the per capita are almost at the standard level But in terms of coverage of population and in terms of compatibility and suitability criteria are not suitable.

The appropriate locate of uses and the justice of in Spatial distribution is very significant in planning the urban land use. The high increase in physical and population development of city، the shortage of services uses and lack of equity to allocate the sorts of land uses in various areas in Kashan، cause the confusion in urban land use and endanger the city sustainable development. However، recognizing and revising each one of the city uses to achieve the appropriate criteria and the principles of planning in city sustainable development are the most important activities in this field. The method to the research is descriptive -analytic، which has engaged in assessing and evaluating the quality and quantity of urban uses in Kashan، by considering two significant and effective standards in land use (including capacity and social justice) and putting GIS software into operation in the framework of entropy standard model and the average of nearest neighbor and per capita standard. The results of the research indicate that uses do not have appropriate Spatial and locative distribution، so that analyzing them with the capacity indexes and social justice، indicates the quality and quantity commotion in uses of tenfold areas in Kashan.

During recent decads, increasing of unemployment of population speciallymigration of high education of young people evolated village area.Tourism as a not only instraument of chaning potential but one the main strategy ofdevelopment is very important.Becase of lack polloution it enables to effect inemoloyment situation and attract the people to villages.In order to this approaches understanding of this role and environmental potentialsof progect area these category can resnalts to regional balance means while study ofcapabilities and tourism potantials and capital building in this zone can developed areavillages. In this paper I try to study the Roud bar Ghasran area ofshemirarn(ahar,egol,ammameh,zaygan) .For collection of data I use the documentaryand fied method conclusionof my stuy identify that backgrond of rural development inthis area are suiable and tourism as an effective element can play this role.Alsoecotourism is as a main parts of tourism in this role, because ecotourism intended onlyto see of natural sites and spent a lot of money related to this category .Across theworld many countries have could changed this condition and reduced poverty .Ourcountry of Iran because of many attraction in background of different climate anduntains, seas, plains,and many desert is from the view point of tourism very famaus inthe world.In many countries specially whom have attraction from the view point of naturalsight suitable.Developed torism at developing program as acqvisition of in come.Thisprocess helps the sustainable development.In this progect the main goal of researchrelated to capabilily and potential of the villsges and possibility tourism for developingof zone of Roud bar Ghasran.