جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "health costs" در نشریات گروه "اقتصاد"

Today, one of the challenges facing health systems is the ever-increasing increase in its costs. This study investigates the relationship between health costs and income inequality. Income inequality has been investigated using four Gini coefficients and, in a quantile, approach using annual panel data from 2000 to 2022 in selected middle-income member countries of the Organization of Islamic Cooperation, the empirical results show that the effect of health costs on inequality The income in the countries that are part of the top 10 percent of the income level in this group is much higher than the countries that are in the lowest income level. The effect of life expectancy, death rate and population on income inequality is also opposite; That is, the countries that are in the highest category in terms of income level, the effect of these variables on income inequality is much greater than the countries that are in the lower income categories. Also, due to the effect of population structure on income inequality, it is necessary to seriously consider it in the design and formulation of policies in the field of health, hygiene and population structure. Health, treatment and quality of life improvement policies to increase life expectancy and decrease mortality rate, policies to increase investment (reduction of consumption, promotion of security, economic development of exports, etc.) should be pursued to reduce income inequality.

Good governance leads to the improvement of the quality of economic institutions and institutions, and this quality improvement, including in the field of health, affects the way of growth and development. The existence of institutional and structural problems of institutions, which is caused by weak governance, has a negative effect on the performance and effectiveness of institutions and institutions related to health costs. Therefore, the main goal of this article is to find an answer for how the institutional quality of economic actors affects the economic growth of selected Islamic countries in the field of health expenses. In this regard, the good governance index has been used as a substitute for institutional quality, and the idea of ​​the Cobb-Douglas production function has been used to estimate the research model using the heterogeneous dynamic panel data model by the pooled group average method in the time period of 2008-2022. The results show that health expenses have a relatively low impact on economic growth in the short and long term. Considering the interactive effect of institutional quality and health expenditures, the size of this coefficient is positive in both periods and it indicates that improving the quality of institutions related to health expenditures strengthens the effect of this expenditure on economic growth. Therefore, if increased health spending is accompanied by good institutional quality, it will result in greater economic growth. In other words, although the quantity of healthcare costs is important, the quality of the cost is more important. Focusing on the quality of spending increases economic growth.

Improving the community health as one of the preconditions of achieving sustainable development goals, through promoting labor force performance, has provided the basis for economic growth and achieving to the goals such as public welfare, economic growth, and justice. This study analyzes Iran health performance through few health indicators (such as life expectancy at birth, Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), Out-of-pocket Payment, Insurance Coverage Rate, insurance Penetration Rate, and Mental Health Condition), in order to investigate its compatibility with Islamic justice principles. In spite of some improving trends in Iran health sector during recent decades, the results imply that the health conditions are not satisfiable and compatible with Islamic healthy society terms.

By supplying energy for many activities, electricity is one of the most important drivers of industrial development. But, electricity industry is one of the largest producers of polluting gases due to combustion of fossil fuels. This has raised serious concerns about the externalities of pollutant emissions in power generation processes. This paper aims at modeling and estimating the health effects and costs of electricity generation in thermal power plants in Iran based on the Impact Pathway Approach using SimPacts software. Based on our results, the health costs of electricity generation in Iran in year 2014 are more than 110 trillion Rials, which accounts for about 1 percent of GDP in this year. Also, the research results show that combined cycle and gas turbine power plants respectively impose the lowest and highest social health costs per kilowatt-hour of electricity generation. Ultimately, by modifying the fuel mix and only using natural gas as the fuel for power plants, the health costs of electricity generation will be reduced by more than 53 percent.