جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « mazandaran » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

tourism industry as the invisible export of goodscservice,due to its efficiency on the process of production and employment,is one of the most important and lucrative industries in the world and can play an outstanding role in providing foreing currency income and economical growth and development in countries.based on this ,studying the challenges facing this industry ,especially on the view point of competitive advantage  of the world's tourism destining is under the special emphasis of experts in this field.to this,th and. Today, however, studies have been conducted on the competitive advantage of the world's tourism destining the challenges facing this industry,ations, but studies of such communities and practices in this regard have not been carried out in the tourism destinations of our, and this necessity makes such studies even more apparent. In this study, the researcher, considering 12 indicators that existed in standard, finally  present study considerind 12 sub-indicators in 4 categories identified as primary factors(cultural heritage resources, natural heritage resources),and secondary factors(supportive and situational factors, priority of planning and development policy, tourism destination management), third factors(key resources and attractions, public infrastructure, demand conditions ) , and finally competition(cost control capability, focus capability, differentiation capability) and Acceptability of statistical methods to confirm the reliability and validity of research has been established and ranking of research model dimensions using Friedman test on Factors affecting the tourism industry with emphasis on the competitive advantage of tourist destinations in Iran (Case study: Mazandaran province),  result of this study showing that categorise of effective factors on attracting tourism is  cultural heritage resources, made r esource, supportive and situational factors, natural heritage resources, priority of planning and development policy, key resources and attractions, demand conditions, tourism destination management, cost control capability, public infrastructure, focus capability and differentiation capability.therefore,it can be induced that destination competitiveness,in case of relative importance on other influential factors on mazandaran province tourist destinations enjoys less priority.

In this research, the absolute poverty line based on the food poverty line is estimated using mathematical programming approach concerning urban area prices during February 2015. We first have determined a basic food basket including 76 common and important food items. Second, we have identified the basic human nutrients needs for the survival. Then we have considered the amount of nutrients in each 100 grams of the 76 food items. After that, we have collected the prices of each 100 grams of the food items using a categorized sampling covering urban areas of Mazandaran province. Mathematical Programme is constructed using the total cost function as the target function along with constraints of calorie and eight nutrients needs. The model has been solved by Simplex method and, the food poverty line is estimated. Then, using the Orshansky method the absolute poverty line is calculated. The results show that the food poverty line and the absolute poverty line for a household with four people in Mazandaran urban areas during February 2015 were about 311,000 and 1,305,000 Tomans(10 Rials), respectively.

Vehicles have an important role in passenger transportation in Iran. This paper runs an economic appraisal on intercity buses, minibuses and public four-seated conveyances of Mazandaran province in view point of private and public sectors. The benefit-cost ratio, costs adjusted efficiency, necessary capital for job creation for a labor force and labor force adjusted productivity, which are used in private and public or both view points appraisal have been employed to compare different vehicles. The necessary data are obtained through questionnaires administered to passengers, and related vehicles drivers and transportation syndicates of the province. It can be concluded that buses are preferred to other vehicles in view point of adjusted productivity of labor force, minibuses in view point of more economic investment and costs adjusted efficiencies and finally public four-seated conveyances being preferred in view of required capital for job creation to other vehicles.

This paper does an economic evaluation of several kinds of transportation vehicles of private and public sectors in transportation of mazandaran province. The variables used in this research are; rate of return on capital, annual profit, cost efficiency, capital necessary for job creation, and labor force productivity. The data has been obtained through classified questionnaires which ate filled by vehicle derivers, transportation syndicates, and other related organization. The conclusion is that in relation to annual profit, productivity of labor force, and cost efficiencies retailer tracks are referred. Whereas, in relation to rate of capital return, and capital necessary for job creation, vans are preferred in compare to the other kinds of vehicles.