جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Random Effects » در نشریات گروه « اقتصاد »

Despite the significant role of ICT in various fields, equal opportunities have not been provided for all segments of society, and the digital divide has emerged as a new phenomenon on a global and regional scale. The digital divide is a complex and multidimensional issue that is defined by three factors: access to ICT, skills and competencies, and the social and economic effects of ICT use. Measuring the digital divide requires taking into account various variables. In this study, the digital divide was calculated using four factors: access to landline and mobile phones, internet access, and computer ownership. The aim of this study is to identify and evaluate the factors affecting the digital divide at the provincial level in Iran. Using a combined data method for 31 provinces of Iran during the period of 2005-2020 and employing a generalized regression model, the study examined the effects of socio-economic factors on the digital divide. The results indicate that two variables, inflation and population, are insignificant, while other variables examined (income inequality, mobile phone access, gross domestic product, education, and urbanization) have a direct and significant impact on the digital divide. According to the results, allocating credit, encouraging private sector participation and investment, increasing citizens' interest in using digital services, and expanding the scope of service delivery to remote and deprived areas are effective solutions for reducing the digital divide.

Productivity is one the important concepts and fundamental necessity for the economic growth and development of all countries of the world. Hence, the study and identification of variables and factors influencing it, is essential especially for appropriate policymaking. The main objective of this study can be served as an investigation of the effect of exchange rate fluctuations on the TFP growth and to achieve this, the third class of endogenous growth theories have been considered in order to design hypotheses and model.To test hypotheses, the panel data methodology is employed for the period of 2000 to 2009 and the specified model is estimated for 7 selected countries of APO members including I.R Of Iran in deferent approaches and in order to determine the presence and type of effects, the Leamer and Hauseman tests are carried out.The results of estimations confirm our two hypotheses and statistically indicate that the significant relation between exchange rate fluctuations and TFP growth cannot be rejected so that the TFP growth will decline if the exchange rate increases and vice versa. Furthermore, the study has several consequences which are concerned with the effects of other variables on the TFP growth, such as the degree of openness to foreign trade and inflationary circumstances. Policy recommendations have been discussed in the terminal sector of paper.

One of the most important issues for governments to maintain and improve their position in the regional and global economy is the state of economic growth; one of the important issues in this situation is to predict the rate of economic growth. Proper forecasting of economic growth has very important effects on government policy and economic planning, and can help policymakers decide on future decisions in addition to creating opportunities for development. This study predicts Iranchr('39')s economic growth rate using the Meta-analysis method and compares it with other methods. For this purpose, the results of ANFIS, ARIMA, Markov switching methods, future research and Gary Markov, ECM, fuzzy regression, accounting approach related to economic growth forecasting from 1383 to 1392 (except for forecasting values ​​with accounting approach that until 1395 Used). The fixed and random weights of each of the previous studies have been determined using fixed and random effects and have been used using the Meta-analysis method for forecasting. The results show that the accuracy of the Meta-analysis method is much higher than other methods and has the lowest difference with real data. Therefore, it is recommended to use the combined Meta method to increase the reliability coefficient of accurate forecasting.

In recent years, most studies in the field of technology and trade have focused on the critical importance of technological change in explaining international trade patterns. Technological innovation is not taking place in all countries and it does not spread to all countries at the same time, therefore technological distance would exist among countries.This paper has explained  the effect of technological distance on Iran’s trade relations, specifying a semi-parametric gravity model over 1995-2015. As expected, the estimation results of semi-parametric gravity model show that the effect of GDP on bilateral trade relations between Iran and each of the selected trading partners is positive and significant. The population of the exporter has negative impact while the importer’s population has positive effect on bilateral trade. Our empirical results indicate that the relationship between technological distance and bilateral trade is nonparametric, implying a general effect of technology on Iran’s bilateral trade relations. More clearly, in some ranges of the technological distance a negative effect appears on trade relations, while in other fractions of the relevant distance, the impact is positive, leading to an increase in bilateral trade relations between Iran and its trading partners.