جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « اینترنت اشیا » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

With the emergence of various technologies such as blockchain, internet of things and big data, the approach and perspective to urban service management has changed. These technologies are part of the 4th generation industrial revolution, which are widely used in the creation of electronic services infrastructure, electronic city, and among other things, smart building. Considering the expansion of cities, the increase of urban population, the diversity of urban services and the emergence of new technologies, the development of urban services and its management requires more appropriate plans and models with new technologies in order to eliminate shortcomings. The main goal of this research is to provide a development model of urban services based on blockchain technology. To develop urban services by using the capabilities and effective capacities of blockchain. The type of method is developmental-applicative in terms of the goal, and the research method in this research is a combination of Delphi (qualitative) methods and structural equation modeling (quantitative), so in the first step of the research, data collection is used And information from library studies and surveying were done and in the next step, using the steps of the Delphi method, a semi-structured interview was used to confirm and explore the conceptual model, and in the third step, using the researcher's questionnaire. It is made from a survey of expert community and analyzed by structural equation modeling method using Smart PLS software. The findings of the research indicate that blockchain technology has a positive and significant impact on the development of city services, as well as environmental health services, recreational welfare services, protection and safety services, electronic education services, public transportation services and traffic are influential indicators. are in the development of urban services. The combined reliability of the model is more than 0.740 according to the correlation of the structures with each other

 New technologies have profoundly changed the way people communicate and interact with their surroundings. These technologies affect every industry. Now, if according to the common definition, we define the supply chain as a set of interconnected activities that include coordination, planning and control of products and services between suppliers and customers. Looking at technological advances, we realize that these traditional structures are no longer self-sufficient, because digitalization has affected almost all aspects of human life, especially supply chain processes. The technologies of the fourth generation of industry represent the industrial revolution that has combined the Internet of Things with automatic systems such as artificial intelligence and its subset of machine learning, which are self-adjusting and self-learning. Such technological systems can change the supply chain from a centralized state to a distributed state, in fact, the deployment of these technologies provides distribution and decentralization for supply chains. The globalization of the economy and the increase in commercial competition have increased the importance of using innovative methods to achieve the goals of the supply chain. With the automation of processes, business activities have moved from manual operations to electronic transactions and all organizational processes have benefited from information and communication technologies. Considering that the design of most processes is at the disposal of centralized centers; There are always problems such as: poor efficiency, coordination at a low level and poor cooperation between the departments of a business unit, the emergence of distributed frameworks such as the blockchain platform and 4.0 generation technologies in addition to Organizations are helped in having complete transparency in transactions and cooperation with each other. They can share transactions on a peer-to-peer page. The purpose of research is to identify the components of the intelligent distributed supply chain and provide the structure of causal relationships for them, as well as the analysis of each of them in the framework of the presented structure. In the present research, codes and categories were first identified using the grounded method, and then the fuzzy cognitive mapping method was used to determine causal-effect relationships.In order to design the structure of the cause-effect relationships of the components of the intelligent distributed supply chain, it was extracted according to the fuzzy cognitive mapping method. Collective mapping was obtained by calculating the average of experts' opinions. According to its components, distributed decentralized supply chain can lead to improvement in information flows, promote healthcare and provide fair access to medical services. Also, assigning treatment priority to patients according to their physical condition for medical care, complying with the terms and conditions of the production line, reducing fraud, detecting authorized hazardous substances and removing drugs that have been licensed outside of the legal criteria can influence the company. High rents in the supply, prescription and treatment of the country to a great extent. The components of the correct implementation of the guidelines for hazardous drugs, the correct implementation of GMP rules, improvement in demand forecasting, correct and timely response of suppliers and suppliers, transparency and traceability, reduction in executive costs, Reducing the risk of implementing projects and carrying out contracts, behavioral data analysis algorithms, error and fraud detection algorithms, processes of identification, discovery, analysis, redesign, implementation and deployment, execution and monitoring, analysis of purchase plans and Procurement provides the possibility of tracking the information, political, monetary and back and forth flows of medicine, which represents its supply and demand among the manufacturer, government sector, patients, pharmacies, insurers, retailers of raw materials and importers. and reduces the possibility of fraud and corruption.Also, allocating treatment priority to patients according to their physical condition for medical care, complying with the terms and conditions of the production line, reducing fraud, detecting authorized hazardous substances and removing drugs that have been licensed outside of the legal criteria can influence the company. High rents in the supply, prescription and treatment of the country will be reduced to a great extent, which can be more effective for special and incurable patients, we know for certain that the required medicine for import and production, it is difficult and sometimes impossible to correctly identify and choose, with these created solutions, transparency is determined in whether the goal of the treatment program has been taken into account. Because we know that the distribution of special benefits is under the control of government officials and they define the priorities of subsidy allocation according to their decision-making power; This can be considered as one of the cases of corruption in the country's pharmaceutical industry. In the end, the improvement in the stock of raw materials and finished products, the non-issue of licenses for non-hazardous production lines in line with the production of hazardous drugs, the non-importation of domestic similar drugs, the elimination of middlemen and backdoors, the transparency of production costs. Transparency in contracts, transparency in the interests of the involved parties, transparency in payment to pharmaceutical companies, transparency in payment of pharmaceutical centers to drug dealers, transparency in pharmacy drug items, transparency in the risks after taking drugs, transparency in the way the budget is spent, The transparent and traceable payment system makes it clear whether the distribution and granting of licenses to natural or legal persons is done based on legal criteria and competently, while the government authority and decision-maker to avoid disclosure or The monopoly of the market cannot limit the transaction within the circle of friends and acquaintances, the benefit of political influence for the production of drugs and the distribution of imported drugs has been greatly reduced, the privileges have been removed from the circle of friends and acquaintances and in a competitive environment, they are given to companies. It will be real or legal that provide fair access to medical services.

The present study is descriptive in terms of its exploratory-applicative purpose, in terms of the method of data collection. The statistical population of this research was industry experts in Khuzestan province. samples were selected using the purposeful and accessible sampling method. In order to determine the sample size in the qualitative phase of the research, the theoretical saturation of the data and in the quantitative phase of the research was limited to the most referenced answers. In the qualitative phase of the research, a semi-structured interview method was used to collect data. The data of the qualitative phase of the research were analyzed with the help of qualitative content analysis technique. In the quantitative phase of the research, the data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire. Data from the quantitative section were analyzed using the best-worst method. We have also used Excel, Spss and Lingo software for data analysis. The findings of the qualitative phase of the research included 4 basic applications for the Internet of Things in the human resource management sector. These applications include: human resource technologies, ease of human resource activities, assistance to human resource actors and human resource development. The findings of the quantitative phase of the research showed that among the identified applications, the criterion of human resources development has the highest relative importance (with a weight of 0.386) and the criterion of ease in human resources activities has the lowest relative importance (with a weight of 0.145) from the point of view Industry experts.

With the globalization of the market, companies try to improve their performance by using different processes. The advancement of big data technology has caused marketing companies to store a large amount of data about their customers. Therefore, better understanding of customers by big data information technology and the use of complex statistical software to analyze the needs of tourists has been considered in recent decades. Therefore, the aim of this research is to investigate the use of big data analysis strategy, Internet of Things and artificial intelligence to improve the company's performance. The current research is quantitative in terms of data collection and survey. The statistical population of the research is web-based tourism and travel companies, 384 of whom were selected using Cochran's formula and available. The validity of the research factors was confirmed by experts and Cronbach's alpha was used to confirm the reliability of the research. The findings of the research showed that artificial intelligence and the Internet of Things have a positive and significant effect on the creation of customer knowledge and user knowledge. Also, the creation of customer knowledge, user knowledge of the foreign market has a positive and significant effect on the rational decision making of marketing and the rational decision making of marketing.

The main factor in successful supply chain financing services is the use of business-oriented information systems. The current research aimed to further associate blockchain technology with the Internet of Things (IoT) and apply them in the field of supply chain finance. The research presents a new information management framework based on blockchain technology and IoT, which contributes to information transparency in the supply chain financing process. By managing information based on blockchain technology and IoT, the operational cost of the entire supply chain can be greatly reduced due to the integration of capital, information, and commercial flows in the supply chain. The results can be summarized as follows: (1) In a symmetric information environment subject to the limitation of maximizing the expected return of all parties, the incentive subsidy under the compatible incentive mechanism has a positive relationship with the maturity of blockchain technology and the operational capability of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and a negative relationship with the action level coefficient, absolute risk aversion coefficient, and external uncertainty of these companies. (2) The expected income that satisfies the mechanism of incentive compatibility has a positive relationship with the maturity of the blockchain technology, the broker’s profitability, and the net profit received by the employer. (3) In an asymmetric information environment, a varied incentive subsidy is more effective than an equal incentive subsidy in different SMEs with different operational capabilities and provides different incentives for these companies. Therefore, it can be concluded that in a symmetrical information environment, the equal incentive subsidy is more effective, but in an asymmetric information environment, a varied incentive subsidy is more effective.

Today, the development of the tourism industry and its sustainability depend to a large extent on the use of information technology that exist in this field should be used to the fullest. The aim of the current research is to provide a model of sustainable tourism solutions with the approach of technological applications of Internet of Things in Kermanshah city.

This research is a qualitative research that was conducted in two stages. First, by reviewing the theoretical foundations and previous studies through the qualitative content analysis method, the solutions for the sustainability of tourism were identified and interpreted with the approach of technological applications of the Internet of Things. Then, to confirm the validation of the identified solutions, these solutions were provided to 20 experts in the field of information technology and tourism.

The results of the research show that tourism sustainability solutions with the approach of technological applications of the Internet of Things have a transportation dimension including the components of transportation announcements and special travel experience, information dimension including training and awareness, custom dimension Development includes the components of environment customization and service customization, the feedback dimension includes the feedback component of services, the service dimension includes the components of urban services and private services, the financial dimension includes the components of costing and cost reduction.

Organizations of tourist destinations should follow the example of successful countries in the field of smart tourism, to set up infrastructures to benefit from the technological applications of the Internet of Things. This work can be done by employing the expert manpower of these countries and using the services of smart companies in order to facilitate the mentioned process. It should be noted that the use of identified solutions requires a good coordination between the offending bodies such as the aviation industry, the tourism industry, the government and the and its tools, including the Internet of Things. It is inevitable and the capabilities and resources municipality and all related organizations and bodies.Conflicts Interest: The author(s) of this article declared no conflict of interest regarding the authorship or publication of this artivle

Investment in industrial equipment is a necessity for every industrial unit. In this study, a mathematical model for intelligent monitoring of the performance of industrial equipment of wind turbines using the Internet of Things and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with an edge computing approach is investigated. In this model, the performance of the UAV for intelligent monitoring of wind turbines is investigated in three stages: detection, computational offloading, and local computations. Considering the bi-objective nature of the final model, the model was solved by a genetic algorithm with non-dominated sorting and the epsilon constraint method using random numbers. According to the findings of the study, the epsilon constraint method loses its efficiency with increasing model dimensions and is not able to find the Pareto frontier in problems with large dimensions. For this purpose, the model was solved using the second version of the genetic metaheuristic algorithm with non-dominated sorting and a new structure for representing chromosomes. This algorithm was able to solve problems in large dimensions that the epsilon constraint method was unable to solve. According to the results, the epsilon constraint method and the genetic algorithm with non-dominated sorting differ only in the time to solve, and have similar performance in other criteria; as a result, the genetic algorithm with non-dominated sorting is proposed as the superior method.

As a revolutionary invention, the Internet is always evolving into a new type of hardware and software that makes it irresistible to anyone. The type of communication seen today is human-to-human or human-to-machine, but the Internet of Things promises a great future for the Internet, where it is machine-to-machine. The Internet of Things is defined as a paradigm in which objects with sensors, actuators and processors communicate with each other to achieve a meaningful purpose. Human resource management is a systematic approach that provides practices to support all aspects of the employee life cycle, from recruitment to exit. This article examines the impact of the Internet of Things on human resource management in the fourth industrial revolution and tries to develop a framework to understand it. The results of the survey showed that during the transfer of workflow to a digital and simple workflow, there is a need to measure the benefits of internal and outsourcing solutions for personnel management. These are the parameters that can justify the costs of an internal solution or a cloud-based human capital management solution by objectively measuring both options. These key performance indicators are workflow, flexibility, accountability and cost-effectiveness. Workflow is a continuous input-output process in a company that can sometimes be compressed. Without the help of automation, these setups are prone to mistakes due to repetitiveness.

This research aims to identify key components and indicators for managing green supply chains utilizing the Internet of Things (IoT). The methodology employed is a mixed approach consisting of two stages. First, through qualitative content analysis, this study reviews theoretical foundations and previous research to identify indicators associated with drivers for green supply chain management based on IoT. Subsequently, these indicators were presented to 22 experts in management and information technology to validate and verify them. The research findings reveal that the IoT-based green supply chain model encompasses nine components and 66 indicators. These components include intelligent supply chain management, real-time monitoring of object statuses in the supply chain, intelligent object transfer along the supply chain, intelligent object location in the supply chain, information transparency within the supply chain, corruption reduction, intelligent quality management within the supply chain, intelligent sourcing in the supply chain, intelligent distribution management, and intelligent inventory management. The comprehensive drivers in the proposed model emphasize the importance of incorporating IoT in supply chain management to enhance overall supply chain performance while addressing environmental concerns.IntroductionAs technology continues to advance rapidly across various industries, mankind has enjoyed an improved quality of life. However, the environmental toll of recent decades, such as global warming, water scarcity, polar ice melting, habitat destruction, and deforestation, has raised significant environmental concerns. Modern human activities have contributed to these environmental issues. Consequently, there is mounting pressure on companies to integrate environmentally responsible practices into their operations and supply chains. Recognizing the pivotal role of green supply chain management in sustainable job creation, environmental problem reduction, improved public health through safer food consumption, and enhanced agricultural land productivity, recent years have witnessed increased interest and research into the determinants of green supply chain management.MethodologyThis research adopts a mixed-method approach conducted in two stages. Firstly, qualitative content analysis is employed to review theoretical foundations and prior studies, facilitating the identification of indicators associated with drivers for green supply chain management using IoT. Subsequently, these identified indicators are validated and verified by 22 experts specializing in management and information technology.ResultsThe research findings indicate that green supply chain management, with an IoT approach, comprises nine components: intelligent supply chain management, real-time monitoring of object statuses, intelligent object transfer, intelligent object location, information transparency, corruption reduction, intelligent quality management, intelligent sourcing, intelligent distribution management, and intelligent inventory management.ConclusionsThis study highlights the presence of nine components and 66 indicators within the IoT-based green supply chain model. These components encompass various aspects of supply chain management, emphasizing the importance of incorporating IoT technology to enhance overall supply chain performance while addressing environmental considerations. Due to the growing concerns surrounding environmental issues and the emission of harmful substances by companies, it is highly recommended to incorporate the IoT into supply chain management. This integration serves to monitor and control the quantity of waste generated, and encourages the use of environmentally-friendly 3D printing for creating IoT sensors instead of traditional plastic materials. Furthermore, it is advisable to optimize waste collection schedules and routes for garbage trucks, as these measures can significantly reduce the time and resources spent on waste management. To facilitate this transition, managers should organize in-service training programs to educate employees about IoT technology and communication equipment, emphasizing the positive impact of these advancements on green supply chain management. Additionally, adopting state-of-the-art technologies like Radio-Frequency Identification (RFID) in supply chain systems can contribute to the development of a sustainable and environmentally-conscious supply chain. Legislative bodies should also play a crucial role in promoting green supply chain practices by identifying and addressing legal loopholes in existing supply chain-related laws. This can be achieved through the implementation of incentives, such as tax reductions for eco-friendly companies, or penalties, including tax hikes, financial fines, and even legal repercussions, to encourage the adoption of smoother and more environmentally responsible supply chain management practices. It's worth noting that this research has certain limitations. It primarily relied on articles within specific databases during a defined timeframe, excluding other valuable sources like foreign books and theses due to accessibility constraints. Furthermore, qualitative research inherently depends on the researcher's interpretation and perspective, potentially affecting the reliability of the results. Lastly, challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic and respondent reluctance posed difficulties during the research process.

As the Internet of Things (IoT) continues to rapidly develop, businesses are increasingly investing in incorporating it into their processes. However, many companies have yet to adopt this technology in their human resource management practices due to a lack of clear understanding of its potential applications in this area. This is largely due to the limited research literature available on the subject. This research aims to develop a conceptual framework that describes the potential applications of the Internet of Things in human resource management. Additionally, the study aims to raise awareness among businesses about the various benefits that can be gained through the implementation of this technology in their human resource processes.
In this research, firstly, previous studies conducted on the subject were reviewed. Secondly, to answer the main question of the research, semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine experts in the fields of the Internet of Things and human resources management based on the snowball method. The achieved data were analyzed by conducting a thematic analysis and coding the data with MAXQDA software.
The main human resource management processes in which the applications of the Internet of Things were identified by the current research include six key areas; 1. recruitment, 2. training and development, 3. performance management, 4. service compensation, 5. maintenance, and 6. termination of service. These applications in the mentioned processes respectively included 1.1. Collecting and analyzing the conscious and unconscious data of employees to offer cooperation opportunities to the elite workforce 1.2. Selecting and attracting the most qualified applicants to the organization 1.3. Compilation of productive work schedule of employees 1.4. Creating the possibility of remote interviews with job seekers and reducing recruitment costs in this way, 2.1. Assessing the needs of employees for training programs after analyzing their performance 2.2. Identifying highly stressed and aggressive employees and providing them with stress and anger management courses 2.3. Improving the self-assessment skills of employees and helping their personal growth and development through it, 3.1. Smartening and automating employee performance control and making it free from any human errors 3.2. Establishing a fair and justice-oriented evaluation of the performance of employees 3.3. Making it possible for employees to evaluate the organization's performance, 4.1. Creating a reward system based on employee performance and encouraging or punishing them accordingly 4.2. Promotion or job rotation of employees after analyzing their behavioral data 4.3. Providing facilities and benefits according to individual tendencies and interests of employees, 5.1. Monitoring the health and physical condition of employees through smart watches and bracelets 5.2. Warning the employees or the manager of the relevant unit when one of the employees is in unfavorable physical conditions 5.3. Ensuring the safety of employees by foreseeing workplace accidents 5.4. Facilitating the daily activities of employees through the intelligentization of the work environment 5.5. Arranging employees in organizational units logically and appropriately after identifying the existing communication patterns among them, 6.1. Identifying employees who are inclined to leave the organization and preventing them from doing so by providing valuable suggestions to them which can result in a reduced rate of leaving the organization, and 6.2. Not losing touch with employees during and after the off-boarding process.
The Internet of Things causes more effective and more efficient management of human resources through the intelligentization of HRM processes and making them data-driven and free from any human errors.

The purpose of this research was to provide a mathematical model for smart supply chains with Vendor Managed Inventory (VMI) through the Internet of Things (IoT) technology to overcome traditional supply chain challenges and solve problems such as uncertainty, high costs, and changes in customer demands. Creating an intelligent and agile supply chain is essential to tackle these challenges and problems. Generally, customers are still skeptical and doubtful of the smart supply chain, and this skepticism is more likely to arise in the financial context. To improve efficiency, all organizations and institutions need to adapt themselves to external and internal changes, maintain supply chain inventory, and be flexible with customer demands.

Previous studies discussed intelligent supply chains, IoT, and their combination and described the advantages and disadvantages of using these technologies. Despite much research in this field, no mathematical modeling has been done for a smart supply chain that incorporates technology and automation. Based on such needs and objectives, this study sought to design a two-objective mathematical model, with a four-level supply chain. In this model, there is a direct relationship from suppliers to manufacturers, from producers to retailers, and from retailers to customers. The supply chain was intelligently designed, and the chain levels used Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technologies, Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), blockchain, and Internet sales.

The designed model in this research was validated by GAMS software. The researchers identified 10 problems of small and medium dimensions in the model. They presented the results in the form of objective function values ​​and solution time. The basic problem was solved using the -constraint method. The results obtained from solving the model and the Pareto diagram were presented in detail. The optimal implementation of the mentioned technologies, as well as the time and cost response to this implementation, proved the efficiency of the model.

The present study put forward a two-objective mathematical planning model. The first and second objectives of this model were to minimize the cost and decrease the time of the supply chain, respectively. By solving the basic problem, using the -constraint method, the values ​​of the objective functions and the Pareto diagram showed desired results. Solving the model in small and medium-sized dimensions using GAMS software, the values of the objective functions and the solution time were achieved. Also, the results proved the validity of the provided model suggesting that it can be used in larger dimensions. However, due to the lack of memory in GAMS software, for large dimensions, the suggested mathematical model for the smart supply chain needs to be checked using MATLAB software and meta-heuristic algorithms.

The present study aimed at presenting a model for the use of the Internet of Things in Iranian knowledge-based companies. In terms of exploration and data collection, this applied research is a qualitative and quantitative one. The main approach for achieving the model of using the Internet of Things is the grounded theory methodology which is based on a paradigmatic model. In the qualitative part, 25 executives and practitioners of knowledge-based companies who were somehow specialized and experienced in the Internet of Things were interviewed. They were selected through snowball method. For the quantitative part, all managers and technology experts working in knowledge-based companies were considered as the research population. Cochran's formula for finite communities was used to select the sample. After careful analysis of the interviews, 59 extracted concepts were identified in 5 main categories and 13 subcategories. It was found that management requirements, customer requirements, and resistance economics give rise to the Internet of Things in the knowledge-based companies.  The characteristics of the company, the human resources and the managers can provide a suitable ground for using the Internet of Things. Moreover, it was revealed that and the conditions in the country, international pressure and international cooperation can be among the intermediary factors influencing the use of the Internet of Things. Raw materials and infrastructure can also be effective for using the Internet of Things. Finally, using Internet of Things, customer-related factors, international collaborations, and expected results can be anticipated in knowledge-based companies.

Given the importance of service delivery speed and material handling in the perishable food supply chain, the use of the IOT transformation technology can provide a competitive advantage for manufacturing firms. Recently, some food companies have started using IOT technology in their supply chains. Background review showed that three categories of technological, organizational and environmental factors can affect supply chain performance. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate these three factors on the process of the perishable food supply chain based on IOT. First, by reviewing supply chain processes, a 5-step process was selected as the comprehensive process. Then the dimensions of these factors became from the literature and the conceptual model of the research was drawn by combining the effect of these factors on the supply chain process. The information was obtained through the distribution of a 24-item questionnaire among 203 managers of food production units as a research community and was analyzed by correlation analysis and structural equation modeling. The analysis unit of the Department of Spicy Food is that it uses levels of IOT. The results showed that environmental factors as a whole and technological factors affect the sustainable food supply chain from 4 dimensions. But organizational factors were not confirmed in 3 hypotheses. This will be a warning for managers who are interested in their companies being successful.

The Fourth Industrial Revolution affected all industries and transformed the digital, cyber, and real worlds in the supply chains of corporations. Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the emerging technologies that mostly manifests the fourth industrial revolution. As the future of the food industry is tied to the design and management of supply chains enabled by technologies such as the IoT, this paper is to provide a model for developing an IoT-based intelligent transportation technology roadmap based on alternative IoT scenarios in the food-producing cold supply chain.

In this study, scenarios were developed using qualitative methods such as the PESTEL framework and content analysis, based on the critical uncertainty method or GBN, through open semi-structured interviews with experts in the food industry and IoT. After identifying the best IoT technology stock for each selected scenario, a roadmap was developed using the T-plan quick-start method during a tow-day-interactive workshop.

Communication infrastructure and time horizon of technology development were recognized as the most important uncertainties for applying IoT technology in refrigerated transportation of food cold supply chain in producing companies. Finally, “Mutation Alone” and “Ascent Slow” scenarios were selected and technology roadmaps were developed for each scenario in three layers.

Food companies with cold supply chains can use one of the roadmaps presented in this paper as guidelines to equip their transport fleet with IoT technology based on their current situation and choose one of the two selected scenarios. This would enable them to plan, control, and manage the cold transportation chain process by digitally monitoring, tracing, and information sharing in an efficient and effective way.

 Waste management is a key issue of stable environmental development stimulated the relevant authorities to appropriately manage it. In recent years, the operational costs of waste management have increased which most of it assigned to collection and transportation section. Hence, it is required to examine the substituent approaches using the modern technologies. Parallel to sophisticated challenge of resources management, health, pollution, traffic and waste management, we encounter with emerging of technology-based smart cities their standards and exploitations approaches are not still elucidated. The main purpose of this research is to analytically evaluate the improvement criteria of the urban waste management based on internet-of-thing (IoT) technology.

Dematel method is utilized to identify and assess the mutual relation between criteria and network equations' mapping.

Achievements: 

The smart infrastructure criterion is the most effective factor and the smart interface layer is the most affectable factor. Additionally, the smart interface layer has the most relation with other system factors. 

With the aim of reduction in operational cost, the IoT technology can optimize the waste collection services based on conversion of the waste management to data-based collection procedures.

IoT technology offers many benefits in health care and epidemic control and will greatly facilitate the process of continuous remote patient diagnosis and monitoring with wireless sensors and smart devices. This article aims to identify and analyze the applications of the Internet of Things to combat and control epidemics such as covid 19 disease. This research was applied in terms of purpose, which was conducted in two stages. First, by reviewing the theoretical foundations and previous studies through the method of reviewing texts, IoT applications in combating and controlling epidemic diseases such as covid 19 disease were identified; then, to confirm and prioritize the identified applications, these applications were provided to 23 experts from academic experts and experts in the medical field. IoT applications in the fight against and control of epidemic diseases such as covid 19, It has the dimensions of therapeutic applications (5 components and 9 indicators), Monitoring applications (4 components and 14 indicators), Information applications (2 components and 5 indicators), management applications (2 components and 8 indicators), prevention applications (7 components and 14 indicators). In the case of epidemics such as covid19 disease, The Internet of Things improves the quality of treatment and diagnosis, supports decision-making and monitoring patients 'vital signs, reduces hospital visits, and increases the ability to monitor and monitor patients' condition.

Steers the flight towards modern service capabilities that increase passenger confidence as well as satisfaction with receiving better quality services.The present study has been done with a qualitative approach and content analysis method. The statistical population includes managers and experts in the aviation industry who have been selected by purposeful method and snowball and the interview has continued to the point of theoretical saturation. This is important in the eighteenth interview. Data, peer review and review by participants "and" reliability between two coders and retest "was used to confirm the reliability of the research. MAXQDA2020 software was used to analyze the data and with three coding steps (axis, main theme, Sub-theme); The pattern of IoT application in the management of Iran's aviation industry is presented.Based on the research results; The key elements in this process include "industry, government, universities, science and technology parks, and knowledge-based companies." In addition, in this study, while identifying the effects of the organizational factors process, effective infrastructural factors have been identified. Although the consequences of using IoT in the management of Iran's aviation industry, including "national consequences, organizational consequences and environmental consequences" have been studied to a good extent.

This paper is based on a perspective view of the potential of the impact of emerging technologies such as the IoT on developing countries, and, by understanding the challenges of the IoT in Iran, presents a pattern of internet of Things policies in the country. The essence of the present research is exploratory descriptive. In the process of data analysis, the present study utilizes methods of library studies and semi-structured interviews. The method of thematic analysis is the main method of this research. Interviews were analyzed in 548 basic themes, 56 organizing themes, and 13 comprehensive themes. Finally, the themes were formulated as IoT policies in Iran. Among the most important of these policies are the establishment and strengthening of IoT policy bodies with legal competencies for the sustainable development of IoT;to provide a platform for the production of integrated and extensive applications by creative groups based on government oversight and support;localization of IoT in accordance with Iranian Islamic culture for its acceptance and development of internal laws and standards of IoT in line with international standards and active supervision. The major innovation is that it goes beyond the requirements and presents operational policies for the development of IoT.

Today, innovation in the economies of countries recognize as a competitive advantage. In today's dynamic environment, the development and survival of businesses require the adoption of strategies and attention to interdisciplinary sciences to achieve a deep understanding of the interactions between them. Thus, concepts in the field of innovation networks emerged to emphasize the importance of inter-organizational cooperation. Based on this, the research designs the startup innovation network model.

This study is descriptive in terms of applied purpose, qualitative in terms of method, and in terms of data collection, it is descriptive. The study applied the Data-Driven Approach to Internet of Things (IoT) Startups. The statistical population of the study was the members of the IoT startups. Fifteen startup managers entered the interview process using purposeful sampling and observing the principle of theoretical saturation as a sample. The results of in-depth semi-structured interviews were analyzed using three stages of open, axial, and selective coding.

The innovation network includes five categories: causal conditions, strategies, intervention conditions, contextual conditions, and consequences.

This model can be used to meet the challenge of startup managers in converting entrepreneurial ideas into innovative products with a competitive advantage and economic development.