جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « تجربه گردشگر » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

The notions of customer journey and touchpoints are now fundamental in the realm of marketing, especially in the context of customer experience. The customer journey is comprised of three stages: pre-purchase, during purchase, and post-purchase, with numerous touchpoints where multiple stakeholders may shape the customer experience at each stage. Within the tourism industry, analyzing and identifying the touchpoints of tourists throughout their customer journey can aid destination managers and businesses in developing a meaningful and enduring experience for tourists. The 5A model provides an analytical framework to examine the customer experience during the customer journey, encompassing the steps of Awareness, Appeal, Ask, Act, and Advocacy. Thus, the purpose of this study is to utilize the 5A model to identify and investigate key touchpoints of tourists visiting Iran.

The study employed an abductive research method, utilizing convenient and snowball sampling methods to select foreign tourists who have visited Iran in the last four years as participants. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, allowing participants to share their experiences, which were then subjected to thematic analysis. This involved repeated examination of the interviews, coding similar statements, and categorizing them into sub-themes, which ultimately yielded 23 themes that were further grouped into five overarching themes: awareness, appeal, ask, act, and advocacy.

The research revealed a total of 23 sub-themes, which were grouped into five distinct stages. These stages include the Awareness stage, which involves communication networks with Iranians, positive recommendations from friends and other tourists, literary sources, news media, and personal nostalgia. In the Appeal stage, factors such as being unknown compared to other countries of the world, the direct experience of history, the attractiveness of communication with the people, the food and customs of Iran, and the affordability of traveling to Iran come into play. The Ask stage incorporates experiences of experienced friends, tourist information on social media, international sites and books, and contact with travel agencies and Iranian-generated content on social media. Moving on to the Act stage involves the desire for immediate and individual experience, living an Iranian life, and discovering cultural and historical beauties. Finally, in the Advocacy stage, aspects like recommendation, defending against negative comments, willingness to revisit, bringing others in next travels, content creation on social media, and caring about Iran news play a role.

During all phases of a customer's journey, with particular emphasis on the Awareness and Ask stages, it is imperative to engage in advertising, content creation, and social media presence. The effectiveness of these efforts has a significant influence on tourists' cognizance and consequential decision-making concerning their destination selection. Furthermore, the results indicate that despite the use of technology and innovative service delivery practices, it is crucial to preserve authenticity and prioritize distinctive attractions and authentic experiences. Additionally, brand advocates active on social media platforms play a critical role in influencing potential tourists' decisions to travel to Iran by sharing their experiences and reacting to negative reviews.

Although the research on religious tourism experiences has increased in recent years, and given that most of the studies have been focused on the spiritual aspect of these experiences, there still needs to be more knowledge about the multiple attributes of religious tourists’ experiences. Therefore, the current study aims to provide an “integrated and multifaceted conceptual framework of religious tourists’ experiences” using a systematic literature review and deductive thematic analysis. The search was conducted on June 12, 2023. The PRISMA procedure identified fifty-three relevant articles ranging from 2006 to 2022. Based on the findings, the multifaceted religious tourists’ experiences can include cognitive, emotional, physical, relational, recovery, spiritual, transformative, and behavioral facets. The findings can extend the literature and benefit managers, planners, and destination marketing organizations in designing religious tourism experiences to enhance visitors’ satisfaction and destination competitiveness.

The present study aims to provide a model for tourist engagement with emphasis on its antecedents and consequences. The research method is applied In terms of purpose and in terms of collecting research data descriptive of type survey. Statistical population of research Includes Iranian tourists in 2019 and 2020 in least Once the experience of traveling abroad (Turkey, Malaysia, Dubai, Georgia, Armenia and Azerbaijan) Have. Using available sampling method, 450 people were selected for the study. To collect research data from Researcher-maden questionnaire. Based on theoretical foundations and experimental background related used. Statistical analysis is done in two section of descriptive statistics and inferential statistics with the method of path analysis and structural modeling in SPSS and Amos software. The results showed that the antecedents of tourist engagement Includes destination identity, tourist experience and perceived image They had a positive and significant effect on tourist fascination, Consequences of tourist engagement include tourist trust, tourist loyalty, co-creation, content production and word of mouth is Which have a positive and significant effect on tourist fascination.

Developing a Framework for Measuring the Lasting Experience of foreign Tourists Traveled to TehranExtended AbstractIntroductionCompetitiveness is one of the most important concerns of business and activity in today's dynamic and competitive environment. In recent years, competition has been introduced as an economic concept that also affects the sustainable development of the travel and tourism industry. Tourism destinations, similar as other producers of other consumer goods, must convince their customers that they are able to offer a combination of benefits that no other destination can offer. On the other hand, it should be noted that the tourist experience has a positive and significant effect on tourist satisfaction with the tourism destination and tourist satisfaction leads to loyalty and re-visit. Providing a unique and lasting experience for tourists, is one of the most important ways to increase their satisfaction and loyalty. It should also be noted that the image of the destination is widely and well-known influences the decision to choose the destination and post-trip evaluation and tourist’s future behaviors. Given the growing importance of tourism in today's world and the competitiveness of tourism markets around the world, tourism destinations are increasingly competing to attract tourists to each other. The expansion of the tourism industry anywhere in the world requires special conditions and facilities such as climate, ancient and natural attractions, customs, infrastructure, facilities and equipment. In recent decades, the tourism as the largest and most diverse industry in the world, has played a major role in creating added value of countries and therefore has been able to be considered as a source of income in the world. These days, tourism is considered as one of the most important and dynamic activities in the world, so that globally, the number of foreign and domestic tourists and their income generation is constantly increasing.MethodologySince the purpose of the present study is to identify and rank the dimensions of foreign tourists traveled to Tehran, it can be said that the current study is an applied-developmental research in terms of purpose. The statistical population of the study is all foreign tourists traveled to Tehran in March and April 2019 and visited the tourist attractions of this city. Then 400 questionnaires were distributed among these tourists and a combined method was used to select the members of the statistical sample. In order to collect data, the library method has been used to review the research literature and the field method (distribution and collection of questionnaires) has been exerted. Also, descriptive statistics were used to analyze the demographic data and exploratory factor analysis method was used to analyze the data related to the main research variable through SPSS software. Considering that the present study seeks to provide a framework for measuring the lasting experience of foreign tourists traveled to Tehran and the researcher intends to identify and rank the dimensions of lasting experience among these tourists, therefore, exploratory factor analysis was used to identify these dimensions. As Habibpour Gotabi and Safari Shali (2016) state, exploratory factor analysis is one of the few methods that has been exploited to identify the dimensions of social phenomena. They note that the researcher can use exploratory factor analysis to examine experimental data to discover and identify the indicators as well as the relationships between them.Results and DiscussionFindings of the present study show that 18 factors out of 70 items can be identified. The items 60, 61 and items 62 to 69, respectively, are the first factor. Items 25 to 34, respectively, are the second factor. Items 40 and 47 to 51, respectively, are the third factor. Items 12 to 15, respectively, are the fourth factor. Items 53, 54, 56 and 58, are the fifth factor. Items 5 to 9, are the sixth factor, respectively. Items 42 to 46, are the seventh factor, respectively. Items 52, 55, 57 and 59, are the eighth factor. Items 16, 19, 21 and 23, are the ninth factor. Items 17, 20 and 22, are the tenth factor. Items 36 to 39, are the eleventh factor, respectively. Items 11 and 12, are the twelfth factor. Item 35, is the thirteenth factor. Items 1, 2, 24 and 41 are the fourteenth factor. Item 1 is the fifteenth factor. Item 3 is the nineteenth factor. And finally, items 4, 18 and 63 are the eighteenth factor. It should be noted that out of the mentioned 18 factors, 9 factors can be explained and accepted.ConclusionThe purpose of this study is to identify and rank the dimensions of the lasting experience of foreign tourists traveled to Tehran, as one of the most important tourism destinations in Iran. Findings indicate that the lasting experience of foreign tourists traveled to Tehran, has nine dimensions, which are in order of priority: new and good phenomena experience, unique experience, self-improvement, sensory experience, ideal experience, local people interaction experience, service quality experience, local guide experience and familiarity experience. The results of the research findings are in line with the research findings of Aladdin and Chini (2012). The analysis of the survey results shows that there is a correlation between all three dimensions of physical product, experienced service and food / drink with tourists' satisfaction, according to this, the relationship between the quality of the experienced service dimension and the satisfaction of tourists, which is in the highest rank, confirms the significance of these dimensions. Based on the findings in the current study, new and unique phenomena were identified with the highest priority, which is somewhat in line with the findings of Borujeni and Behmanesh 2013, and the new dimension of the history and culture element, among the moderating and reinforcing features, the cost-value element and among the supporting factors and sources, the hospitality element have a more effective role on creating a memorable experience for cultural tourists visited Iran.

Nowadays, tourist experience and tourist destination choice are the main focal points in the tourism industry and tourism-related subjects addressed at universities. As modern tourists are value-oriented, tourist destinations could only be successful if they create value for their visitors. Moreover, the Quality of tourists' experiences is a key competitive advantage for tourist destinations. This descriptive-survey study, therefore, sought to identify and prioritize different aspects of tourist experience quality from the viewpoint of tourists visiting Shiraz. The statistical population of this study comprised of those foreign tourists who visited Shiraz in April and May of 2019 and stayed at the Grand Hotel of Shiraz. To collect the required data, a questionnaire was administered on 400 visitors who were selected via convenience sampling. The questionnaire's construct validity was measured and approved by experts, and its reliability was confirmed by Cronbach's Alpha. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted to identify different aspects of tourist experience quality and validate the identified aspects, respectively, using SPSS and LISREL software. Moreover, to prioritize the aspects, the Shannon Entropy method was implemented in EXCEL software. The study's findings indicated that tourist experience quality consisted of ten aspects. It was also found that perceived interactive experience ranked first in that list from the respondents' standpoint.

Since tourism services cannot be evaluated before the visit, it is essential to note the word-of-mouth communication in attracting tourists. The sensitivity of the tourism industry and the significance of tourists’ behaviors urge decision-makers to pay more attention to how social congruity with the brand image can create a positive image of a region. This paper studied the effect of self and ideal self-congruence on the experience and satisfaction of tourists in Kish. It also investigated the impact of tourists’ experience and satisfaction on their word-of-mouth communications. As a descriptive survey, the statistical population was the tourists in Kish, who visited the place during the summer and fall of 1397. With a sample size of 388 tourists, a questionnaire was used to collect the data. Both validity and reliability were confirmed. Structural equation modeling and partial least squares technique (Smart-PLS 2) were used to analyze the data. Findings showed that when the real and ideal self of tourists were congruent with the real and ideal image of the destination, it led to their satisfaction. Also, the experience and satisfaction of tourists would lead to word-of-mouth communications among tourists.
 

Tourist experience can affect many of tourist attitudinal and behavioral aspects such as tourism destination brand image. This is why the present study aimed to study the effect of tourist experiences on the tourism destination brand image. For shit purpose, Isfahan City was selected case study. The statistical population of this study includes inbound tourists who have traveled to Isfahan in November of 2017. A sample of 300 tourists has been selected from this population. The sampling method was convenience sampling. A self-administrated questionnaire has been used for collecting the research data. This questionnaire that has been developed based on literature review includes 22 items for measuring research variables. The validity and reliability of questionnaire were investigated and confirmed. The validity and reliability of questionnaire were measured through content validity and Cronbach’s Alpha Coefficient. The coefficient was 0.841 for our questionnaire which confirms reliability of questionnaire. The research data were analyzed through SPSS and AMOS. The findings revealed that all dimensions of tourist experience (sensory, affective, intelligent, and behavioral) influence all dimensions of tourism destination brand image (affective, cognitive, and conative) significantly. Another part of our findings showed that both affective and cognitive tourism destination brand image influence conative tourism destination brand image significantly. Finally, empirical suggestion and limitations have been presented.

The aim of this study was to analyze the factors influencing behavioral intentions of tourists, including self concept- destination personality congruity and tourist involvement, satisfaction and experience. Research population is infinite which contains domestic tourists who have visited Isfahan during the summer 2013. To confirm face validity of instrument, experts’ and respondents’ advice were collected. In addition Cronbach's Alpha coefficient of questionnaire was estimated and approved reliability of questionnaire. By the method of randomly available sampling, 390 questionnaires were distributed and 360 ones were collected. Finally collected data were analyzed through Partial Least Squares Method as a method of Structural Equation Modeling. For this purpose, SPSS20 and PLS2 have been used. Results show that self concept-destination personality congruity influence tourist satisfaction, experience and behavioral intention and The other hand experience has an impact on tourist's satisfaction.It was also proved that involvement moderates the impact of self concept-destination personality congruity on behavioral intentions.