جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « رویکرد ناب » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the antecedents of lean innovation in service start-ups and it is a qualitative research based on the principles of interpretivism.The statistical population of the research included all service start-up entrepreneurs and faculty members of entrepreneurship faculties of first-level universities and 19 of them were selected by using the purposeful sampling method.The data were collected by conducting semi-structured interviews with the members of the statistical sample, and in order to ensure the validity and reliability of the data, the evaluation method of Lincoln and Guba (1985) was used, which is based on four criteria of reliability and validity. Data transferability, reliability and verifiability were confirmed. The collected qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis method and Atlas.ti software, as a result of which 133 basic codes, 17 constructive categories and 5 overarching categories were identified. Based on the findings of the research, five main categories of innovative orientation, organizational capabilities and infrastructure, culture of innovation and learning, pure collective vision, drivers and incentives were identified as precursors of pure innovation.

The main purpose of this study is to design and explain the professional development model of the departments chairs of the University of Tehran based on a Lean approach.

This research was carried out in two qualitative and quantitative stages, using the mixed exploratory research method. The qualitative part of the research was done in two stages. In the first stage of the qualitative section, the existing research background related to the components of professional development of department heads based on a lean approach in Persian and English between 2000 and 2020 was reviewed. After searching, screening and qualitative evaluation of the studies, the final synthesis was performed on 72 studies. In the second stage of the qualitative section, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 experts and experts in the field of higher education who were purposefully selected to identify the appropriate pattern of the context of the University of Tehran. Qualitative data analysis was performed using open and axial coding (theme analysis) and its reliability and validity were evaluated. In the quantitative stage, the descriptive-analytical research method and the statistical population included all the managers of the departments of the University of Tehran with 252 people who using Cochran's sampling formula, 152 people were selected as the sample. Sampling method in this study was stratified random sampling method. In the quantitative part, the required data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. To evaluate the validity of the quantitative research instrument, content validity and construct validity were used and to evaluate the reliability of the instrument, Cronbach's alpha was used, which confirmed the appropriate reliability and validity of the research instrument.

The results showed that the professional development of the managers of the departments of the University of Tehran based on a lean approach has five main components (1. Lean leadership / management skills, 2. Lean student skills, 3. Lean research skills, 4. Lean behavioral skills and 5. Skills Lean individual) and 19 indicators. The results of the second-order confirmatory factor analysis showed that the five identified components have a sufficient factor load to predict the professional development of department heads of the University of Tehran based on a lean approach. The results of one-sample t-test showed that the managers of the departments of the University of Tehran evaluated the general situation of their professional development based on a lean approach at a moderate level.

The five main components of this research can be an effective model for the professional development of department heads in university of Tehran and have beneficial results in promoting quality, efficiency, effectiveness and waste reduction in university of Tehran.

The present study was conducted to design a model of lean human resource excellence with a mixed approach and using the qualitative method of data theory and the quantitative method of Shannon entropy. The statistical population of the qualitative part of the study was all senior and middle managers of the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare, 19of whom were purposefully selected for interviews and interviews were conducted until the theoretical saturation of the data. To analyze the qualitative data, open, axial and selective coding was used, as a result of which 402 basic concepts in the form of 92 sub-categories and 17main categories and six dimensions of causal conditions (environmental and organizational), contextual conditions ( Organization strategy, culture, management insight, job content documentation, management stability and human resource system dynamics), interventionist conditions (personal characteristics of managers, quality of organizational inputs, efficiency of government management system), strategies (lean leadership, strengthening culture Lean and lean human resource management) and results (micro level, intermediate level and macro level) were included. Then, in order to turn the model designed into a basis for self-assessment of the lean degree of human resources, using the Shannon entrobial method, the weight and score of each dimension were identified, resulting in its application in the Ministry of Cooperatives, Labor and Social Welfare. Ascore of 376 out of 1000 was assigned to the organization under study, which due to its position in the second level of excellence, ie an organization with public awareness oflean human resources.

Given the emergence of the concept of lean approach in the field of human resources, the purpose of the above research was to design a lean human resource supply chain model .

Relying on the philosophical foundations of the school of pragmatism, this research is a qualitative study based on grounded theory. The statistical population of the study consisted of senior managers, middle managers and experts of the Ministry of Cooperation, Labor and Social Welfare and academic experts who 15 individuals were selected by purposeful sampling as statistical sample members. Lean human resource supply chain model identifications were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Strauss and Corbinchr('39')s three-step coding method (252 key concepts, 43 subcategories, and 25 main categories).

Based on the findings of the study, lean human resource supply was selected as the pivotal phenomenon. Causal conditions were categorized into two categories of environmental and organizational factors, and the five main categories of preventive demand management planning, efficiency of search resources, efficiency of evaluation and screening, recruitment preparation and succession system efficiency. Selected strategy title. Intervening conditions were categorized as two reinforcing and weakening factors of strategies and degree of organizational culture, strategic role of HR unit, managerschr('39') flexibility and adaptability, management stability, career management and accessibility, and The organizationchr('39')s resource constraints were identified as lean human resource supply chain strategies. Finally, the implications of the lean human resource supply chain were divided into three levels: micro, middle and macro.

On the one hand, the production of defense products is indispensable because of the role it plays in deterring and promoting the national security of the country, and, on the other hand, the economic conditions prevailing in the country have made production of defense products at the lowest cost an obligatory requirement. The lean supply chain of defense industries by focusing on waste removal and reducing costs, the answer is how to produce lower cost defense products. The purpose of this research is to identify the most important practices of the defense industries lean supply chain, and then, using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the categorization and verification of the practices based on Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), and then, using the Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM) model, presents a model that shows the relationships between these practices. The power of driving and dependence of practices are also analyzed using the MICMAC technique. The results of the research show that out of a total of 84 practices introduced in the previous research for the lean supply chain, 49 practices are effective in the lean supply chain of defense industries. It consists of 8 categories and includes: Workshop level management, Quality management, Just in time, Repairs and Maintenance management, Human resource management, Suppliers relationships, New products design and Customer relationship. Customers relationship as the most basic and most driving practice and supplier relationship is the most dependent practice of the defense industries lean supply chain.

In recent years, attention to the productivity is becoming more and more important in policing. Lean Policing approach could be an effective solution for this challenge. Thus, in this research, we are trying to find answer for the following questions: What are the most important elements of Lean Policing? What are the problems of Iran police-courts' structures and processes according the Lean approach? What are some appropriate strategies to make improvement in Iran police-courts' problems in structures and processes by utilizing Lean approach?

This research is done in a qualitative approach and includes two phases: study of the literature in Lean. The second phase includes utilizing the devised model to find the problems in Iran police-courts.

According to Lean approach, we can achieve any level of optimization in any organization by continuously finding and decrease the waste elements as well as finding and increasing the value-maker elements. In this research, we utilized this approach to find the current waste and value-maker elements of Iran police-courts to devise some strategies for making improvements in structures and processes of them.

Lean, as a repetitive and continuous approach can be used either as a stand-alone strategy to make improvements in the organization, or on the other hand, with considering the current infrastructures that is prepared for current active improvement plans, Lean Policing can be used as a tool set in order to help achieving those plans. A strategical layout is suggested in this research for the second approach.

Today, due to the ever-increasing competition between organizations and uncertain environments that have been created by many changes in customer needs, using an efficient supply chain can be considered as a competitive advantage for any organization. In this regard, one solution is lean approach. Lean approach helps to eliminate waste in the supply chain. On the other hand, based on the state of Iran and the abundance of oil and gas resources, the implementation of lean approach in the supply chain of the organizations operating in this field is very important.In order to conduct this study, that has been carried out in one of the largest companies operating in the offshore sector and the objective is to achieve an supply chain. First, by reviewing the literature, eight key factors that lead to the lean of the supply chain were identified and using the tool of the questionnaire and distributing between statistical sample and statistical analysis were effective. Then, using an interpretive structural modeling approach, the research model was developed. In the next step, the model was validated in quantitative and statistical analyzes as well as qualitative and based on it, the factors: financing, leadership and management, and communication with the supplier were identified as the most influential and minimizing the delivery time and flexibility were identified as the most impressive factor. Finally, some suggestions were made to achieve lean procurement process in the offshore sector of the oil and gas industry.

Today, due to the ever-increasing competition between organizations and uncertain environments that have been created by many changes in customer needs, using an efficient supply chain can be considered as a competitive advantage for any organization. In this regard, one solution is lean approach. Lean approach helps to eliminate waste in the supply chain. On the other hand, based on the state of Iran and the abundance of oil and gas resources, the implementation of lean approach in the supply chain of the organizations operating in this field is very important. In order to conduct this study that has been carried out in one of the largest companies operating in the offshore sector and the aim of this research is to provide a lean supply chain model in offshore oil and gas industry and accordingly, executive solutions can be presented.  First, by reviewing the literature and opinion poll at the experts, the 11 factors that lead to lean supply chain were identified. Then, using fuzzy analytical heararchy process and interpretive structural modeling approach, the research model was developed and based on it, the factor: “leadership and management”, “information sharing”, ‘financing” and “supplier contact” identified as the most influential and “minimizing the delivery time” was identified as the most influential factor. In the next step, the model was validated in quantitative and statistical analyzes as well as qualitative. Finally, some suggestions were made to achieve lean procurement process in the offshore sector of the oil and gas industry.

One of important factors in management success is reducing production time. In Iran Residential apartment's production process takes considerably more time compared to developed countries like U.S.A and Japan so decrease of process time is one of important problems for construction managers. One of decreasing ways is reducing or elimination of time wastes. The aim of this paper is to identify time waste causes and estimating the amount of these effects. For identifying, after literature review, semi-structured interview and thematic analysis were used and 8 causes were identified that have three factors including presence in executing, direct impact and controllability. These 8 causes are supervisor blockage, lack of materials, lack of equipment, rework, contractors delay, transfer and depot, subcontractor's conflict and doing more activities in site. For estimating the amount of effect, questionnaires were distributed between project managers that had 5 to 7 floor residential apartments and after receiving 214 usable responses, Generalized Regression Neural Network Method were used. The result obtained in this paper is in the presence of all 8 causes in projects, 41.4 percent of executing time is waste and 77percent of this significant amount is because of three causes contractor delay, do more activities in site and rework. These results are appropriate criteria for project manager to make decision about how to dealing with contractors so they can reduce the project duration.

Supply chain management has different approaches that each of which has advantages and disadvantages. Design an integrated approach that takes advantage of all the approaches to remove some of their disadvantages, is one of the essential principles in the management of the supply chain. The aim of this study is to provide an integrated approach in the supply chain management using the multiple attribute decision making technique. For this purpose, first by literature review and use of experts opinions paid to identifying the main approaches to supply chain management and related indicators, then using Dematel techniques, structure of relationships among criteria was extracted and next, using analytic network process (ANP), obtained weight of each indicator. Finally, with the integration of criteria that had the highest priority, integrated approach to supply chain management is presented. Results show that the new approach has more benefits towards every single approach and can lead to better performance of the company.