جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "industrial policy" در نشریات گروه "مدیریت"

The development of small and medium businesses is one of the concerns of the policy makers and executives of the industrial development field in the country, and various strategies are envisioned for this purpose, especially by using the capacity of government support. The current research, which has been conducted with a qualitative-quantitative approach, tries to provide a framework for the typology of government support for these businesses and to provide policy and knowledge tips for professionals. Categorizing businesses with bases such as life cycle, technology, product and market on the one hand and evaluating the adopted strategy for the type of support with indicators such as responsiveness, cost-effectiveness, stability and sustainability and the amount of time required for a policy to be effective, on the other hand, a framework based on which all kinds of government support for small and medium businesses can be established. The findings of this research, its pattern and type of view can be considered as a basis for the targeted selection and development of supports.

Since the investigation of the business environment and the state of the home appliance industry in Iran shows that this industry suffers from low competitiveness in terms of the status of its products in the domestic and foreign markets, hence the purpose of this research is to investigate The experiences of selected countries in the home appliance industry of the world (including South Korea, China, ASEAN countries, Turkey and India) and the explanation of the priority policy programs from the perspective of the country's home appliance industry experts, as well as defining recommendations for improving the competitiveness of Iran home appliance industry.

In terms of the purpose of the research, the present research is an applied type research, and in terms of the data collection method, it relies on the comparative study method and the descriptive-survey method. Therefore, in the first phase, the study of the theoretical foundations of the current research and the comparative study including the study of the pioneer and successful countries of the home appliance industry (which are located especially in the Asian continent) have been considered. Therefore, the studied sample in the comparative method in the current research is based on the review and analysis of important development plans and policies in selected countries including South Korea, China, ASEAN countries, Turkey and India, in order to promote the home appliance industry. In the second phase of the research, meetings and interviews were held with industry experts in order to explain the goals and appropriate policies in order to improve the competitiveness of the home appliance industry in Iran, and then in the third phase, based on the findings from the first and second phase, and by the help of a questionnaire compiled based on the QCD model, prioritized policies to improve the competitiveness of the country's home appliance industry and explained policy recommendations to improve the competitiveness of Iran's home appliance industry is defined and explained.

According to the studies carried out regarding the development programs of selected countries and the analyzes made from the points of views received during interviews with knowledgeable experts of the home appliance industry, it was found that the two elements of cost and quality have a higher priority than the element of on-time delivery in the household appliances industry. According to the experts, the structural reform of the home appliance industry based on the improvement of economies of scale and diversity through the pursuit of collective production policies, mergers and acquisitions has been necessary. After the issue of structural reform of the home appliance industry, technology development and research and development(R&D) become important through the formulation of supporting frameworks for the research and development of active companies and the creation of special incentives for knowledge-based start-up companies active in the home appliance industry is attainable. Following the listed priorities, development of human resources skills, development of supply network, development of standards, development of services connected to production and development and completion of logistics and tracking infrastructures are necessary. Therefore, by taking into consideration the policy programs of selected countries as well as the results of the evaluation of the questionnaires distributed among the experts and the interviews conducted with the activists of the household appliances industry, the axes of measures and programs to improve the competitiveness of the household appliances industry of Iran can be divided into the main axes of the policy including "reforming the corporate structure and improving the economies of scale and diversity", "explaining the competitiveness roadmap based on the development and completion of the supply network (especially component/parts manufacturing)". "Strengthening the competitiveness of production and the value chain by focusing on mergers and the formation of consortiums and business groups", "Recommendation to strengthen the competitiveness of the links connected to production" and "Improving the competitiveness of the product in the technologic aspect through joint research and development".

Japan has always been presented as a model of success in advancing industrial policy. By examining the most important recent approaches to industrial policy, this article has identified four important areas in terms of design and implementation: (1) bureaucratic structure, institutional environment and organizational capabilities, (2) sectoral policies and targeted industries, (3) support tools and how to produce them, and (4) the interaction of the government and the private sector. In the following, 18 scientific researches were selected in the form of articles, books or book chapters that had a historical perspective on the implementation of industrial policy in Japan. These 18 works were analyzed in line with the investigation of four areas introduced in the theoretical literature of industrial policy, based on qualitative research and with thematic content analysis method, and three periods in the historical evolution of the implementation of industrial policy in Japan were identified: (1) The period of emergency and occupation of Japan (1945-early 1950s), (2) the start-up and productivity improvement period (1972-early 1950s) and finally (3) the adjustment and leapfrogging period (1972-1990). Finally, based on the experience of Japan and the review of the theoretical literature on industrial policy, a model of the historical evolution of the implementation of industrial policy is presented. This model has highlighted a path of preparing the initial conditions, improving productivity and launching new industries, and finally, adjusting declining industries and moving towards knowledge-intensive industries.

The purpose of this study is to identify and prioritize the dimensions and factors of the National Iranian Gas Company support framework to strengthen the capability of domestic suppliers. The initial version of the dimensions and factors was extracted from the literature review of industrial policy and experiences of supporting domestic manufacturing in oil-rich countries. By field method and with semi-structured interviews with gas industry experts, the extracted dimensions and factors were adapted to the mission and jurisdiction of that company. By forming an expert panel of gas industry and university experts, and using the fuzzy Delphi method, the support framework was finalized in 7 dimensions and 35 factors. The importance-performance matrix was used to prioritize the factors. The importance of the factors was calculated with the questionnaire tool and by employing the Best-Worst multi-criteria decision-making method. The performance of the factors was quantified with a questionnaire and statistical analysis. Finally, 11 factors were identified in the concentrate quadrant and 8 factors in the “keep up the good work” quadrant.

Active industrial policy is the way that most of today's rich countries achieved their economic growth. However, its effectiveness has been questioned for years because different countries and industry sectors have obtained different results from it and some have succeeded and many others have failed. Therefore, it will be interesting to determine the conditions that lead to the success (failure) of these tools in the industrial policy. One of the most important of these conditions can be found in the context of the industrial policy. Therefore, in this article, by using the case-oriented comparative approach and the method of thematic analysis, the identification of the elements of the industrial policy context in the automobile industry has been addressed. Based on the results of the analysis, these elements can be studied at two levels (1) macro level and (2) industry level. At the macro level, the components of infrastructure and government capacity, ease of trade, size and volume of the economy, stable and attractive business environment, access to markets, good logistics, and innovation environment, and at the industry level, industry size, cost, competition, industry orientation, and support infrastructure are placed. A correct assessment of the current situation based on the identified elements of the policy context in a country and comparing it with other countries will be an important step in the direction of achieving a consistent and effective comparative industrial policy model.

Countries are forced to transform their production structure, to create new sectors and technologies that generate productive and better jobs. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of industrial policy and structural changes of economic enterprises on the employment of Iran and newly industrialized countries using the autoregressive econometric model with a break in the time frame of 2000-2020. The results of the research showed that along with the traditional factors affecting the increase in employment, respectively, the index with a break in structural changes, the index with a break in investment in technology absorption, the index with a break in research and development costs in Iran and the countries under review, have a positive and significant effect on industrial employment. lonely labor productivity index has a negative effect on industrial employment. Since the developments along with the growth of technology in the industrial sector can affect industrial employment, it is necessary to direct investment in the absorption of technology by industrial enterprises from the agricultural and service sectors to the productive sub-sectors of the industrial sector in order to increase employment in the formulation of industrial policy plans. It is suggested that the revenues of the oil and gas sector should be allocated to investment in research and development, innovation and training of the workforce and the development of industrial projects.

New theories of economic growth that are policy-relevant and connect with the histories of success and failure in economic development are urgently needed. This article compares the neoclassical (or market efficiency) school of thought with the production-capability school of thought which included Alexander Hamilton, Friedrich List, and Joseph Schumpeter. Many affirmative, industrial policy steps by governments to promote economic development have been historically recorded—including in the UK and the United States. Meanwhile the neoclassical school has ignored the role of government in helping to create competitive advantage. It has also chosen to ignore how firms are formed, how technologies are acquired, and how industries emerge. The dynamic capability theory of economic growth developed here assigns the central role in economic growth to firms but also an important role to governments. The rate at which a country’s economy grows depends critically on whether its firms can build the capabilities to generate and take advantage of “windows of opportunity” that exist for innovation and new markets, and whether over time they are able to enhance their capabilities to move into higher value-added activities.

Local content policies in resource-rich countries are a common and consensual approach. However, in reliable scientific sources, the method of formulating and implementing a coherent and effective model for local content policies, by specifying the desired extent and method of intervention of national oil and gas companies, has not been presented. The purpose of this study is to identify the tools and strategies of the National Iranian Gas Company (NIGC) to strengthen the capability of domestic suppliers and prioritize the effectiveness of selected and localized strategies.

For this purpose, first, by reviewing the literature on industrial policy and the experiences of local content policies in oil-rich countries, the tools and strategies were identified. Then, by conducting semi-structured interviews, the cases were adjusted to the company's mission and regulations. Relying on the obtained opinions of experts via adopting the Fuzzy Delphi method, the counted cases were localized. In the end, they were prioritized in terms of importance by employing the Best-Worst multi-criteria decision-making method.

In this study, tools and strategies were coded in eight main axes and 49 tools and strategies. The main areas of importance were reducing the challenges of a macroeconomic and political environment with a weight of 25.9 percent, supporting research and development of technology and innovation with a weight of 13.6 percent, demand and market management with a weight of 12.8 percent, supporting investment in the supply chain Gas industry with a weight of 12.2 percent, coordination and management of external factors with a weight of 11.5 percent, supporting human resource development with a weight of 10.5 percent, creating or strengthening institutions with a weight of 8.1 percent, and finally compensating for information deficiencies 5.5 percent. In this study, the tools and strategies which could be used to reduce macroeconomic and political environmental challenges, with a significant difference, had the highest weight. Regarding the sharp fluctuations in the exchange rate, high financing costs in the country, and restrictions imposed by the country's sanctions seemed reasonable.

Supporting domestic suppliers is a multi-disciplinary issue and requires a coherent and balanced package of tools and solutions. Focusing on one aspect of the issue will not lead to sustainable and reliable results. Solutions such as purchase guarantee, demand management, and reverse engineering have a long history in Iran. In the long run, without additional tools and solutions, such tools lead to backwardness in global technology and reduce the quality and productivity of the domestic gas industry. These strategies, along with supporting the strengthening of technological capabilities, and the strengthening of human resources and other aspects mentioned above, can bring competitive advantage, and pave the way for entering the global value chain for domestic producers. On the other hand, focusing on the technical, engineering, and ingbuild-capacity aspects of this sector will not be effective without considering other aspects necessary for technology development, such as funding, and commercialization requirements.

Industrial policy is among instrumental programs and interventions that governments pursued proactively for at least a couple of decades in almost all the current industrialized nations. Iran, since the Pahlavi era, has adopted industrial policy with import substitution approach. Except a short period in 1960s, not much success is apparent from industrialization efforts. From 1990s, industrialization is in the public agenda by formulation of national industrial policy documents. Aside from the differences of four enacted industrial policy documents until March 2021, not much industrialization outcomes are evident. In this regard, this paper identifies and proposes industrial policy challenges and requirements by a qualitative and historical research in Iran. Data are gathered through 9 semi-structures interviews and secondary data including industrial policy documents, reports, briefs, news and papers. My results suggest that the future industrial policy documents need to put technological and production capability building at center and take into account alignment with key national policies, providing temporarily supports based-on merit and performance, creation of dynamic technological comparative advantage, sound prioritization of few high-potential sectors, export-oriented approach and enhancement of firm’s international competitiveness. Besides, a powerful organization in charge of industrial policy implementation, coordination and its continuous evaluation, beyond a thematic line ministry such a Ministry of Industry, Mine and Trade, is a key institutional requirement.

One of the important issues of industrial and technology policy is the position of the policy-making institution in the structure of the political system and its role in relation to the traditional policy-making structure. The experience of Iran's entry into nanotechnology policy-making deserves special attention, both in terms of specialized entry into a technological as well as the impact of nano-related policies on the country's industrial and technological policies. First it is noteworthy that the experience of the Nano Council has historically preceded the formation of the Vice-Presidency for Science and Technology and other technology development councils. It is also important to pay attention to the impact of the policy infrastructure of the Nano council on other industrial and technological policy such as the Iranian Making Exhibition (iranlabexpo), the Patent Office, Elites Federation and the national laboratory network. Therefore, this article delves into the historical experience of Iran over past two decades in nanotechnology policy (since the beginning of the 2000s), focusing on the formation and development of the Iran Nanotechnology Council. Accordingly, while collecting and analyzing written data such as reports, news and public interviews, we conducted semi-structured interviews with the founders and key people engaged in the formation and development of the council. Core categories in the historical analysis of nanotechnology policy-making experience are training policy-making experts, creating institutions for implementing specialized programs, managerial stability and flexibility in operations and supports. In other words, the success of the Nano Council, has to do with the support of high-ranking officials and the presence of related institutions as a supporting and strengthening structure along with conflict management with stakeholders.

From the classic concept of "supporting infant industries" to the experiences of mission-oriented policies in developing countries in recent decades, all have focused on targeting and increasingly productive economic sectors as the main industrial policy. The structural and institutional capacity of the government is considered as a key factor for success in the industrial policy. In this paper, the economic policy of Korean Economist Ha-Joon Chang is used to analyze Iran's industrial policy. In this work based on the theoretical approach, Qualitative case study strategy has been developed in the field of downstream petrochemical industries. The research results show that the importance of structural transformation for industrial development is the pattern of feed supply in the petrochemical industry and service engineering capabilities. Regulatory issues, market structure, production policy, and business policy are important at the institutional level and conflicts of beneficiaries at the organizational level, and the creation of strategies to prevent corruption should be considered in the political economy level.

Nowadays, inter-organizational relationships and market expansion through mutual cooperation is gaining ground as an important factor that can increase organizational capabilities and boost organizational expansion. The role of small and medium-sized companies in meeting the market needs of large companies is thus a promising topic. The current study set out to design a model for empowering small and medium-sized enterprises based on the capabilities of large companies. To this end, the network of inter-organizational communications was initially identified and analyzed based on Social Network Analysis approach.  The central network issues were initially identified and, a model was designed, informed by the strengths and weaknesses of small and medium-sized enterprises, for their empowerment by large companies based on Grounded theory. To serve the purpose of designing the final model, the research data were coded through open, pivotal and selective coding systems. The findings from current study can help the identification and analysis of current collaborative networks and provide a model to enhance these collaborations.

Iran's automotive industry has always had problems that at certain times these problems appear more and more. Every policymaker and official in different governments has had different analyzes about this industry and consequently suggested different solutions, but despite all the efforts, today we see that not only the problems have not been solved but they have intensified. In this article, we try to look at the problems from the perspective of the main stakeholders (customers, automakers, component makers, banks, government), as well as review the "common beliefs of industrial policymakers and analysts" and reflect on common beliefs. In the following, we will discuss some of the realities in the automotive industry and try to identify the important points that have been neglected in these beliefs. We will look for solutions to get out of the problems and according to the existing analysis, we will examine three alternative policies for the automotive industry. Then we suggest the appropriate policy with economic-political conditions for the automotive industry entitled "New industrialization through intelligent support of domestic production". The specific suggestion of this article is that the adoption and correct application of "industrial policies" is the main way to promote the country's automotive industry. In this regard, important policies are: "demands aggregation", "commonality", "avoid diversity in core components and try to focus on shared platforms".

in the Sixth Development Plan of the I.R Iran has emphasized the use of surplus defense industry capacities to assist the non-defense industry sector under the title of The Dual Use Defense Industry. Iran's defense industry is one of the leading productive sectors in the field of science and technology and advanced products that can simultaneously be employed in the production of defense and non-defense products and technology. The main question, however, the key question: Under what circumstances and under what types of policies can the defense industry experience nonprofit industry activity? Because, if these policies are not embedded in scientific and practical considerations, defense industry activity in the nonprofit sector would not be effective. 

Design / Methodology / Approach:

in this study, with a qualitative approach and thematic analysis strategy, by identifying the requirements of Iranian Dual Use Defense Industry policy making, we attempted to design a model for typology of Iranian Dual Use Defense Industry policies as a practical guide for policy makers in this field.

Policies through two-step element routing, including the reasons for Dual Use Defense Industry and the orienting factors affecting Dual Use, and using matrix tools, has identified: single-use, diffusion, constraint, conservative and permanent policies for Dual Use Defense Industry as a variant of Iran's defense industry's dual Use policy.

 Limitations and Consequences:

 The results of this study can be incorporated into the strategic documents of related agencies in policymaking in this field and according to the findings of this study, the Iranian dual use defense industry policies can be formulated, implemented and evaluated. Therefore, a proper model for implementation and evaluation needs to be drawn.

 Practical implications:

Moving to a more transparent space for economic and civilian activities of the Iranian defense industry, as well as maximizing the scientific, logical utilization of defense capabilities for the non-defense sector, is a practical implications of this research.

 Initiative or Article Value:

 Practically the contribution of this research empowers public policy makers and especially defense industry managers in policy making capabilities. Also, scientifically, this research reduces the gap due to the lack of research and modeling in the field of industrial policy making process, especially in the field of Dual Use defense industries of Iran.

In the sixth development plan (c) Iran to use the surplus capacity of the defense industry to non-Defense Department stressed. The main question that it is effective for the realization of this, how should policy be formulated? The defense industry sector, one of the leading productive sectors and in the field of science and technology and the development of advanced products that simultaneously for a dual purpose can be to produce the products and technology of Defense and non-defense employment. Governments always sought to identify and resolve general issues are society; today, the promotion of national production and utilization of internal capacity for it, the orientation is that public policy makers pay more attention implies. But, if the version of this policy are based on theoretical considerations and practical dorandishane siagh and scientifically designed, will continue the national pain medicine. So in this study, for the quality of documentation and studies with interviews with people from the academic and industrial experts knowledgeable, acting as a model to design practical policy makers view the arena, in the form of qualitative content analysis, we have. The results of this research, attention has to the three The pivotal factor, 6 dimensions, 28 components and guidelines for building the dual use defense industry policy.

The national defense industry is one of the most productive and leading sectors in the field of science and technology and advanced products that can simultaneously be used to produce defense and non defense products and technology. Dual use of the defense industry policy in the Iranian is to use this capacity. In the country, in a comprehensive way, it must be an element that can be effective in creating and institutionalizing its constructive values ​​in a scientific and practical manner. Today, the promotion of national production and the use of domestic capacities for it is a trend that requires more attention from public policy makers. However, if the prescriptions of these policies are not based on theoretical and practical considerations in the field of forensic science, national medicine will not be used and even pain will be added to the pain of the country. Therefore, in the first study, qualitative study documents and interview with 20 knowledgeable academic and industrial experts, through the identification of the requirements and requirements of the dual industry of Iran's defense industry; have been designing a model as a practical tool for policy makers in this field. Then, quantitatively, using a questionnaire and a study of 152 managers of these industries in Iran, we analyzed the status of applying and prioritizing the model elements. The qualitative results of the research show that there are three categories of axial elements, 8 dimensions and 32 components for the type of defense orientation

The experience of industrial countries shows that over time, a country attempts to industrialize the ladder ladder as soon as possible, comparing the comparative advantage, that is from the state of the commodities of primary goods and goods that are dependent on natural resources, to the exporter of goods Which are affiliated with the workforce. In the next step, it will become an exporter of IT products and eventually become exporter of knowledgeable goods. This is despite the fact that Iran, given the high potential of highly skilled manpower, does not have much to contribute to the export of high tech products and know-how, or in other words, it has a comparative advantage in the lower steps. Therefore, the presence of Iran in the field of high-tech industries requires proper planning, adopting appropriate supportive policies, and in one word, requires a vertical-selective policy in accordance with different time horizons. Vertical-selective policies are a set of measures in the short, medium, and long-term horizons of export goods and major export destinations. Therefore, the country must have measures that can be used to grow its currency and its continuity, what goods to export to and which countries there are, or whether there are problems or problems and obstacles to their realization.

Business clusters are known as a new model of economic development throughout the world. In recent years, this model has also been noted by policy-makers in Iran. Accordingly, the present study aimed at proposing a model for sustainable development of business clusters in iran based on experience in this regard. A qualitative strategy (case study) is used as the research method. Additionally, thematic analysis is applied in data analysis. The final research model is also drawn based on thematic network analysis. Five business clusters were selected as the cases to be studied. These cases include Shandiz’s furniture, Mashhad’s Shoes, Khorasan Razavi’s saffron, kerman pistachio and gorgan diary product. The results led to the identification of 24 basic themes. These basic themes were categorized into five organizing themes including effective government involvement, social capital and trust, cluster planning, behavioral and psychological considerations, and characteristics of cluster development agent. All five themes can be defined under one global theme known as sustainable development of business clusters. Business companies and cluster development policy-makers can apply the proposed model in their cluster development processes and work together in order to gain a sustainable competitive advantage against their competitors.