جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « threat » در نشریات گروه « مدیریت »

The threat to the national security of the Islamic Republic of Iran with the concept of weakening the vital values of the country has been part of the constant plans of the West with various means to weaken or overthrow the Islamic State as a reference for national security by reducing the national cohesion among the people.In dealing with these threats, the use of non-active defense tasks approved by the Expediency Council including increasing deterrence, reducing vulnerabilities, continuing essential activities, promoting national stability and facilitating crisis management forms the theoretical framework of the current research. The present research with a practical purpose and in a case-contextual method examines the role of the five special features of non-agent defense in dealing with threats to the national security of Iran, and in this regard, using a researcher's questionnaire based on the opinions of 98 security experts of the country. were calculated randomly and using Cronbach's alpha.The data obtained using the structural equation approach and Smart PLS analysis software, the results indicated the effectiveness of passive defense features (increasing deterrence, reducing vulnerability, promoting national stability, continuing essential activities and facilitating crisis management) on national security threats. But in the meantime, the continuation of essential activities has the greatest effect and the promotion of national stability has the least effect in dealing with the threats to the national security of Iran.

A cursory look at the wars of recent decades indicates that cities are among the initial and basic targets for the enemy during war due to the existence of centers of accumulation of material and human capital as well as the existence of sensitive, vital and important facilities and centers. Therefore, strengthening the country against threats is considered to be the most effective and sustainable method of defense, which the Supreme Leader of the Revolution and the Commander-inChief, Imam Khamenei (may God bless him and grant him peace) emphasized on it many times. Considering the importance and necessity of making the country resilient and immune to all kinds of threats from the perspective of Imam Khamenei, the current research aims to identify and analyze the key drivers of strengthening the country against threats based on the perspective of Imam Khamenei, to this main question. It will answer that from Imam Khamenei's point of view, what are the key drivers for strengthening the country against threats? The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and it was used to collect information from library sources and publications to refer to the contents and statements of the leader related to the subject by using the Hadith Velayat software and also taking a sample from the information base of the Office of Preservation and Publication of Works. The result obtained from this research using the data sufficiency method indicates that the key drivers of making the country resistant to threats from the perspective of Imam Khamenei (the Exalted) include improving the power of effective deterrence, making the country immune to harm, taking preventive measures to continue the activities It is necessary to increase national stability and pay attention to crisis management.

Along with the expansion of the use of MAVs in human societies, security, and law enforcement threats and damages are also expanding. Therefore, this research tries to analyze these threats in the next decade by using the basics of technology forecasting and using the fuzzy Delphi method.

The present research is applied in terms of purpose, in terms of combined strategy, and terms of implementation in the form of descriptive-survey research. The statistical community consists of industry experts and university professors in the field of technologies related to MAVs. According to the purpose of the research, targeted sampling and 44 people were selected. The data collection tool is a researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity was determined by content method and reliability by Cronbach's alpha method. Data analysis was also done through the fuzzy Delphi method using SPSS and Excel software.Main

The findings of this research show that 10 functional capabilities and 18 indicators of security threats can be predicted for MAVs in the next decade. Cheapness and availability" are the first priority. Therefore, according to these functional priorities, 9 indicators of security threats were determined.The author's

the widespread use of MAVs and the corresponding increase in the rate of threats and the scope of threats, the increase in the ability of MAVs to perform missions in terms of variety and quality, the reduction of the possibility of dealing with the threats of MAVs, the reduction of the possibility of identifying, monitoring and arresting the perpetrators and subsequent legal follow-ups will be among the most important security challenges facing the government in the next 10 years.

A significant competitive advantage for organizations is the ability to recognize and capture the tacit knowledge of experts in the conventional practice of environmental scanning. The purpose of this study is to provide a framework that can be used with the help of expert tacit knowledge to identify organizational opportunities and threats. Therefore, the present study is based on the content analysis and interpretive approach to this issue. For this purpose, in-depth interviews with experts are conducted until the theoretical saturation is reached to identify SWOT defects. Therefore, 21 codes were obtained as SWOT defects using interview analysis, which is categorized with an open approach and then with a pivotal method (content analysis). Then, in-depth interviews are conducted with experts to provide solutions and tools to eliminate and prevent the identified shortcoming of current models, finally, with interpretive analysis of the interviews, a framework for acquiring the tacit knowledge of experts is provided. The actions in this framework consist of three stages: pre-interview, interview and post-interview. The proposed framework introduces solutions and tools to realize the expert tacit knowledge and identify the external environment at each phase. Therefore, the tacit knowledge of experts can be achieved to identify opportunities and threats by appliying the proposed framework. The proposed framework of the present study can be considered by organizational planners to provide better scanning of the environment.

Given the high share of energy production by hydropower plants in Iran and the weaknesses of the resilience and protection model in this area, the importance of providing a model based on concepts such as؛ Expresses dependencies, correlations, risk management and analysis. In this paper, a new method for measuring the resilience of an energy infrastructure is presented so that it can be generalized to all urban infrastructures such as transportation, social and economic.

This research is applied and innovative in nature and in terms of implementation method, it is a  passive defense-mathematical analysis that according to the necessity of research, a combination of previous research studies, consultation and interviews with experts has been used. Finally, using the above and defense compliance with the infrastructure of hydropower plants in Iran, indigenous indicators and sub-indicators are determined and then weighed by experts. Using a new algorithm, the various assets of the hydroelectric power plant infrastructure are examined against various threats, and after 8 stages, the resilience of the desired asset is obtained and this loop is repeated until the resilience reaches the desired level.

Using a model by presenting indicators and sub-indicators, first the status of infrastructure in terms of resilience and protection is examined and by providing scientific and practical suggestions to try to eliminate the weaknesses of the infrastructure and thus increase the resilience of the model. By providing solutions such as reducing the reaction time of guards, using the elements of delay, training staff and observing the principles of defense and vulnerability management can significantly increase the likelihood of attacking attackers and thus resilience.

After completing 9 steps and completing it, the amount of resilience is obtained according to the Excel code and is compared with the desired amount of resilience. Resilience changes can be observed with a small change in each component of a component.

one way to secure sustainable security in the south - east of the islamic republic of iran is native to homeland security and the use of indigenous and Baloch tribes. in this study, the fields and platforms of the opportunities and capacities of the tribes and tribes of baloch are considered to strengthen sustainable security in the south - east region. the type of research is applied in terms of purpose, applied and in terms of descriptive - analytical method. in order to collect data from two library methods, the questionnaire and questionnaire and interviews were used. The statistical population consisted of 300 of the specialized groups in the area of topics and challenges in the region's south - east region. sampling in the targeted method was 50 in size. Dimensions, components and indicators were obtained by reviewing the literature and literature and extracting the conceptual model of the research was designed with this method. a Likert scale was used to collect data required to answer questions. The validity of the questionnaire has been approved by 10 professors and for the questionnaire reliability Alpa Koronbach was employed. Statistical tests and variance analysis were used to analyze the data. the results show that the role of tribal elders in establishing stable security in the region has a meaningful role and is the most important role in establishing military, cultural and social security, political and social security, so to employ tribal elders in order to establish and provide security for the region, a monitoring system should be stablished.

Nowadays, higher education in agriculture has faced many challenges, which the most important one is reduction in the number of students who are interested in studying these majors and unemployment increasing rate among the graduated of agricultural colleges. Thus, study of the leading countries in the field of policies in this matter cab be very helpful. This paper aims to examine the agricultural higher education system policies with an approach macro policies of Iran agricultural sector. The studied cases, India, United States of America and Netherlands which leading countries in higher agricultural education, were choose as a statistical sample and using comparative analysis, similarities and differences were identified. The results showed that higher agricultural education has faces threats in the all of the world. This is a general issue and not just specific to a particular country but the difference between countries is in responding and thinking about threats and formulating coherent clear and efficient policies and acting on them determine the success rate of countries that determine the success rate of the countries. According to further findings and study of the experiences of countries more similar to Iran, the paper suggests more two strategies for the implementation of agricultural higher education policies such as branding and marketing orientation. Also, the result of this research can contribute to the policy makers in higher agricultural to provide the polices and strategies.

In the present age, according to the new approach of the axial influence of the hostile countries that have moved the battlefield to urban areas, the enemy seeks to disrupt the functioning of the critical inftastructures of the target country. One of the critical infrastructure is the transportation system, which consists of various parts, including the fuel supply network and fuel supply stations. Fuel supply stations in urban areas, in addition to the serious role of refueling vehicles, have a high potential for major accidents due to the presence of flammable fuel storage tanks. These events can include process events and intentional and hostile events. However, by applying the principles of land use planning correctly, the risk of such events can be greatly reduced. Therefore, this research intends to use PHAST software and create a spatial information system. It also attempts to discover and apply indicators to extract the vulnerability of each of the neighboring uses of these sites; integrate the consequences of an accident at a fuel supply point and facilitate land use planning by providing application maps.

The most important step in disaster management is recognizing the correct, accurate and wise of the potential risks and threats that may occur. Rationally, the distribution of limited resources among a lot of hazards and threats is neither feasible nor possible; therefore, at the first the hazards and threats of each region should be identify and prioritize through a rational model, so that the disaster management system, Prepares itself for clever encounters. In this context, one of the most commonly used methods is the risk matrix model that used in contingency planning logic. Since the Assaluyeh is considered as one of the very important and strategic regions, and the occurrence of any disaster in this region may have irreparable damage, so that, it is necessary to identify the potential hazards and threats of the region. In this research, we have tried to identify and prioritize the hazards and threats of the Assaluyeh area by contingency planning.

the method used in this paper is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods. In qualitative method, major threats and potential hazards were identified through interviews and then, using the designed questionnaire, the severity of the hazard or threat was inquired from All of the managers of the administrative district of Assaluyeh have been questioned that 31 of them responded. Also for verification, the work output again confirmed two of the senior regional officials in the area who were available to researchers. Finally, based on the risk matrix model, the priority and significance of each of the threats are shown.

The findings of the study suggest that out of the 21 identified, 4 would be catastrophic, including bombings, tsunamis, air strikes, and chain explosions. Also, the only risks that will be affected by the crisis are Internet virus attacks. Summing up the experts' opinions, eight risks were estimated at the severe level and the rest at the limited impact level. It is noteworthy that, to the experts, no hazards with a minor impact level have been identified.

Conclusions indicate that chain explosions and bombings will have the highest amount of damage and damage, although expert opinion emphasizes that such incidents are not likely to occur. On the other hand, air pollution and man-made fires are both highly probable and highly effective.

Office buildings without regarding to their sub functions are some kinds of assets that because of being related to the governments and states and their important role in governing people affairs, had always been under different kinds of threats from airborne-missile attacks to terrorist near-by blast. Especially by increasing different kinds of attacks, including terrorist and non-terrorist attacks against political-bureaucratic buildings of our country, this issue has exposed more than ever. Hence, implementation of passive defense efforts in design and building steps of these buildings, is an essential issue. In this article, with considering of blast wave as the base threat, efforts have been done to identify and prioritize main architectural criteria in designing office buildings by using experts' opinion and Analytical Hierarchy Process after gathering data with library method and expert interview and filling in the questionnaire by 28 experts, records analyzing were done by AHP method. At last, after the assessments in research by Expert Choice 11 Software, building envelope, interior design and protected space, respectively were chosen as the most important criteria of architectural design of office building with passive defense point of view. So, efforts have been done in this article to write a comprehensive analyze for the most important indicators

considering  high sensitivities of the province due to the geographical situation and natural, human , political-cultural, military and security structures and several years of the crisis, the need for comprehensive knowledge of the province and detailed scientific research to discover the causes and factors of insecurity to find appropriate solutions is inevitable. and this will not be achieved but by the regional studies . the present article is the result of this study in Sistan and Baluchistan region. Therefore, the main objective of the present research is to identify and analyze natural and man made threats affecting the insecurity and disruption of the geographical space of Sistan and Baluchestan. The current research in terms of target is applied and a survey in terms of implementation. The information gathering method is a library and field method.The statistical society of the research includes security and law enforcement experts, authorities and academic elites of Sistan and Baluchistan province.Data were also collected using a valid and reliable questionnaire (Ko''bak alpha equal to 0.807) and using SPSS software to analyze. Based on the results of Friedman test, it can be said that among the research items, the man made threats category is ranked first with 1.33 score and the "natural threats" category is ranked second with a score of 1.08.so The first hypothesis of the research is rejected.Also, the result of T-test for the existence of significant difference between natural and man made threats affecting the geographical disruption of Sistan and Baluchestan indicates that the significance level of the test is less than (0.05) then There is a significant positive difference between natural and man-made threats at 95% confidence level. Thus, there is a meaningful relationship between the two, natural and man made threats, which is the second hypothesis of the research (confirmation). The results show that the natural and man-made threats affecting this geographical atmosphere  in Sistan and Baluchestan have doubled crisis and insecurity.this fact has brought insecurity consequences such as "Threat of Attitude to Government, threat of national identity,threat of social cohesion, threat of social capital, threat of national attachment and threat of social behavior "in recent years.these factors resulted in the emergence of social unrest among citizens, the conspiracy design of foreign actors and the involvement of dissatisfied social groups. has brought.

Over the past years, Iran has witnessed a massive flood of immigrants from neighboring countries with instability from the political and economic background of Afghanistan and Iraq. Of course, the specific situation in Afghanistan and the linguistic and religious commons and the existence of a common border between the two countries have provided the conditions that make up the majority of foreign citizens of Iran as Afghans. The Karaj metropolitan area has been selected because of proximity to the capital of the country and having more employment opportunities as migrants' destinations. The issue is the investigation of the security threats and consequences of the presence of foreign nationals in the marginal areas of Karaj. In terms of method, this qualitative research is a kind of content analysis oriented. The data gathering tool in this research was semi-structured interview and the statistical population in this research was the sheriffs and the heads deputies in police stations of the marginal areas of Karaj. Therefore, the statistical sample was the same as the statistical population. 24 people of them were interviewed. To ensure the validity and reliability of the research only individuals who were directly involved with the research topic were selected. In addition a structured process for recording, writing and interpreting data was applied As results of this study, we can mention the threats that presence of foreign citizens causes them as follows: the promotion of drug sales and use, the marriage of Iranian women with foreigners and the birth of unidentified children, the negative impact on their workforce and employment, the imposition of economic costs on society, committing criminal acts and negatively affecting the security of the marginal of Karaj. Because of population density , weakness of social cultural infrastructure ,poor economic status, high unemployment rates on one hand and increase of prosecution of offenses and having illegal aliens in Karaj on the other hand ,the possibility of control in these areas is low. Its to mention that this factor can be an environmental cause for increasing criminal behavior.

Contemporary threats significantly differ from traditional ones. It is no longer enough to rely on traditional “analytical-estimation” theories and models for the assessment of new threats. Proportional to the transformations which took place in the nature, dimensions, and methods of the operationalization of threats it is necessary to design and offer more advanced analytical frameworks and assessment models in the area of threats. The present research is one of the first attempts to respond to this need. In this research, “futures studies" were performed in the field of defense-security and issues related to “threat identification” which resulted in the presentation of a model titled “threat dissection analysis”. This method performs a quantitative and qualitative assessment of the intensity of smart threats via Raymond Quivy – Luc Van Campenhoudt’s indexing method in form of three dimensions (hard, semi-hard and soft) four factors (approaching, behavioral, structural and implemental), eight major indices (type of threat, size of threat, extent of threat, time of threat, depth of threat, repetition of threat, domain of threat and location of threat), 24 basic indices and 120 relative sub-indices. This study employed a normative approach with a mixed methods research design. The tools utilized to collect explicit knowledge included documentary research and web mining. The tools used to collect implicit knowledge were distributed questionnaires. To verify and validate the data, interviews, expert opinion, and validity (credibility) and reliability (confidence) assessment of the questionnaires were employed to make sure that the questionnaire’s questions match the research objectives and ensure its repeatability.

Writings always seek security and deterrence in their strategic and economic areas, and the basic goal is to achieve the highest level of security in these areas. The North Indian Ocean is one of the few areas of the world that has always witnessed the presence of foreign powers because of its fossil resources, geopolitical and strategic location. The purpose of this study was to investigate the security threats of the North Indian Ocean on the future of maritime trade in the Islamic Republic of Iran and to collect data through library and field studies. The Field Studies section also uses Delphi technique and a questionnaire. This is an applied and descriptive-analytical method. Data were analyzed using mixed methods, statistical tests of variance analysis, correlation coefficient and regression. The results of the Delphi panel of 28 cases were identified as the security threats of the North Indian Ocean, based on the analysis of questionnaires by statistical tests, the degree of importance and the power of the impact of each of these threats on the security and future of the Islamic Republic of Iran's maritime trade.

Since the outbreak of the Islamic Revolution and the fundamental changes in Iran's foreign policy, the differences between the Islamic Republic and the United States have started in various dimensions, and in recent years, with new challenges added. The threats of the United States, with regard to the country's ruling attitude and regional conditions, include a variety of dimensions that have been tried and tested in all its dimensions with a futuristic approach. For this purpose, trend analysis has been used as one of the main methods of futures research. This research is applied in the applied research group and in terms of its method in the case study group. In addition, in the method of analysis, the qualitative approach and background analysis have been used. In order to achieve the research objectives, the present study deals with the descriptive analysis of USA threats against Islamic Republic of Iran in strategic documents published (between 2005 and 2017), As well as categorizing threats and reviewing their content. In the second part of the research, while analyzing the process of extracted threat strategies, the future trends of threats in the dimensions of regional, political, economic, security, social and thought, cyber and cultural have been discussed.

Background and Evaluationg the risk of assets is one of the most important steps to reduce damages caused by threats. The objective of this study is introducing a model to evaluate the risk of assets in a region (e.g. provinve). The risk evaluation in fact is a damages prediction against probable threats. Recognizing the risk centers and zones affected by critical assets in a region may prevent vast damages or considerably reduce damages.
The descriptive-analitic method was used in this study. In the first step, the important assets in studied region (a city, a provine or a country) identified. Then, based on identified index, the value of each asset, amount of threats, as well as size of the assets vulnerability against each threat defined through a survey in the form of questionnaire by the experts and fieldwork. As a result, important assets vulnerability size of the syudied region will define.
Findings and This study present critical assets risk map in an area of the country against each threat and as a result the priority of asset risk size. The governors and planners may use informations based on mentioned method in the region to prioritize and planning to reduce risks which cause conciderable reduction of damages or threats.

Exchange rate and the exchange market have always been one of the most complex economic issues. Political and geopolitical factors, the statements and policies of the central banks of countries as well as the behavior of traders contribute to the establishment of this market. On the other hand, the role of dollar in the capital market in our country is stronger than that of other countries. In this study, our aim is to answer this question, ‘Do the fluctuations in exchange rate and gold price have security implications for the country and the Islamic Republic of Iran?’ Considering four minor hypotheses, we explore the impacts of exchange rate and gold price fluctuations on the political, social, economic and psychological security as the major indices of national security which were extracted from the studies and interviews and seek to prove the major hypothesis, i.e. the impact of exchange rate and gold price fluctuations on the national security. Reviewing the major economic and social theories, the literature of the topic under investigation is explicated. The research method is survey which has been followed using a questionnaire and field study. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical methods and the SPSS software. Dissatisfaction with the governance system; major economic corruption; social problems and crises; errors in macroeconomic, political and social planning; weakening of social and political participations including elections are the most important findings of this research work.

Efficient use and access to spatial data in the country need design and implementation of Geographic Information System (GIS) and Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI). In this regard، every year numerous GIS projects are designed and implemented and recently developing spatial data infrastructures has also been considered by organizations. What seems in performing these activities has been neglected، is the lack of measures to avoid or reduce risks associated with them. Risk assessment is associated with the ambiguity and uncertainty and Fuzzy logic terminology is one of the procedures that can be used for achieving the uncertainties due to risk modeling and simultaneously helps researcher classify them. This paper presents a framework based on fuzzy logic، to study SDI/GIS risks as an integrated tool for Agricultural Organization of East Azarbaijan province. In order to conduct this research، 34 questionnaires were distributed. The risk factors were extracted from experts'' opinions and then the identified risks، based on both classical and fuzzy methods were analyzed. The results showed that lack of server/backup risk has the highest risk (risk value =0. 8) and insufficient funds ranked second (risk value=0. 76). Also among the 10 superior ranked risks، it was observed that، the type of administrative and management risks were contributed from the majority of the cases.

One of the paradigms that can be used in applicable manner to determine attractiveness and profitability of dredging industry in Iran is the reputation platform of Porter's 5 competitive forces. In this article, the attractiveness of dredging industry in Iran is analyzed and measured based on this model. The main question of the Research is whether investing in Iranian Dredging Industry is Profitable or not. The results indicate that among the competitive forces, suppliers are the main threatening factor in the industry and have relatively high bargaining power and possess approximately more importance and influence than the other forces on the reduction of dredging industry attractiveness in Iran, also the rivalry among dredging companies is increasing and it is considerable threat. The threat resulting from potential rivals and substituting products are a few and the clients have low bargaining power. Each of these three variables is considered as opportunity forces in the industry. According to desirability of the three forces and the results of statistical analysis, dredging industry is attractive in Iran and its investment is profitable. This study is an applied one in terms of purpose and it is considered as a descriptive-surveying study In terms of nature and method. Statistical society of research consists of 170 expert persons. The 124 people were chosen as test subjects by classified random sampling method. In this study a close researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data.

Security is a fundamental and sustainable need, so that meeting the other collective needs depend on security. Enhancement of threats by other trans-regional countries, terrorist threats, and soft war in the virtual environment have led NAJA to develop its strategies based on 2025 outlook document and through analyzing the internal and external environment. NAJA is aiming at answering the question: “what are the most important strategies for public security?” Descriptive and analytical method is used in the research, and SWOT pattern, and comments of the sophisticated persons well-known in the public security field are used. Meanwhile, network analysis process and super decision-maker software are used for this purpose, as well. After extracting the weak and strong points and threats on the basis of a number of factors based on the threats of the US and its allies, the strategies analyzed in three steps. The importance of the public security strategies determined with respect to priorities; afterwards, the most important decisions extracted in the public security atmosphere. The present research conducted through using super decision-maker software and extracting super matrixes, and network drawing in the framework of a goal, four criteria and 24 sub-criteria. The results indicate that opportunities and threats in external atmosphere are of the same priority in terms of priority, but in internal atmosphere the strong points are twice more than the weak points. Finally, the research offers some recommendations for improving public security after wrapping up the whole points.