جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « livelihood capital » در نشریات گروه « علوم انسانی »

The Sustainable Livelihood Framework is based on a people-centered approach including five key components. These key components include livelihood Capital, policy, processes and institutions, vulnerabilities, livelihood strategies, and outcomes. Research

The study aims to assess livelihood capital includes natural, human, social, financial and physical assets. Research

This study was conducted by descriptive-analytical method, library, documentary study, observations, field interview and questionnaire completion by rangeland users. In this study, questionnaire data were obtained using the Likert scale. Criteria for each capital were analyzed. Eventually, the livelihoods pentagon achieved in the area of Qalangan rangeland.

The results showed that there is a significant difference between the different criteria of each capital. Water quality from natural capital, trusted people from human capital, social relations and cohesion from social capital, livestock and livestock production from financial and road capital and transportation from physical capital were important criteria affecting the livelihoods.

This study suggests that in future studies, the views of different stakeholders should be compared and analyzed. In addition, multi-criteria decision-making methodologies can be considered to determine important criteria.

One of the basic preconditions for achieving sustainable development and one of the most basic measures of well-being in any society is to maintain and improve living capital. This research is a descriptive-survey study that has studied the structural relations of livelihood capital based on DFID theory and creative tourism with four dimensions. This research is applied in terms of purpose and survey in terms of how to collect data. The statistical population of the research was the heads of rural households in Arsbaran region (N = 2293), and using the Karjesi-Morgan table, the statistical sample size was calculated as 329 people. In order to obtain samples in this research, random sampling method was used. The value of Cronbach's alpha obtained for creative tourism indicators is equal to 0.80 and for livelihood capital indicators is 0.79. SPSS version 24 and LISREL 8.8 software package were used for data analysis. Based on the obtained results, the components of creative tourism and livelihood capital have been evaluated with an average of 3.270 and 2.773 respectively in the villages of Arsbaran region at the optimal level and below the optimal level, and between the components of creative tourism with capital Livelihoods had causal relationships with favorable indicators (RMSEA = 0.07). Based on the findings of the research, the improvement of creative class indicators, creative product, creative process and creative environment are effective in the development of livelihood capital indicators.

One of the most important and effective contexts for advancing development goals in rural areas is recognizing the living conditions of households, their access to various livelihoods, and geographical factors affecting livelihoods; With this view and to evaluate the role of various livelihood assets in the sustainability of a rural area, the present study has investigated the role of livelihood capital in rural settlements in Takab area. This research is based on the mixed research method of exploratory mixed research design. According to the study, capital in the form of 3 main sections of environmental capital (mines, tourism capacity, crops, and horticultural products, livestock products (dairy), pastures, beekeeping products), human capital (level of education, desire of families to study Children and carpet weaving) and social capital (public participation and empathy, social security, ethnic diversity, and peaceful living) were categorized. The results of the research show that the study area has favorable conditions in terms of environmental, human, and social capital, and the main issue in this regard is how to use these resources. Mines as an environmental asset have not only not contributed much to the livelihood of the villagers, but have also destroyed the surrounding environment, changed land use, and destroyed infrastructure (roads). According to the findings, the reason for such consequences is mostly due to the non-participation of people in the use of environmental potential. Physical and financial capital did not have suitable conditions in the study area, the main reason for which is the distance of Takab from large and medium cities in the region, as well as the special geographical and mountainous conditions of the region.Keywords: Sustainable Livelihood, livelihood capital, rural settlements, Takab County.

The global outbreak of the new corona virus as a pandemic disease has caused fear and anxiety in various countries, and its concern in rural areas is due to lack of health facilities and the inclusion of an elderly population more than other areas. . This disease has not only caused concerns about people's physical health but also caused a number of psychological illnesses. In these circumstances, one of the ways to reduce vulnerability in rural areas is to improve the level of resilience. The virus has been mediated by social welfare. This research is methodical, descriptive-analytical and survey type. The required data were collected using library studies, field surveys and questionnaires at the household level. The statistical population of the present study included 160 heads of households in the wooded area of ​​Babol city, who were selected as a sample using the census method. After data collection, data analysis was performed using SPSS and AMOS software. The results show that livelihood capital has a positive and significant effect on the resilience of villagers in corona conditions at the level of 95% confidence. Also, the results of livelihood capital have a significant effect on social welfare and social welfare on improving the resilience of villagers. Therefore, by strengthening social support and livelihood capital, it is possible to provide the ground for improving the resilience of the villagers.

Maintenance, development, and encouragement of investment in livestock activities is highly important in order to preserve genetic resources, increase production, create job security, and it is also good for entrepreneurship, especially in rural areas. This study tries to explore the role of small livestock units in the sustainable livelihood of rural families in the city of Aq Qala. In terms of objective, this is an applied study and in terms of nature, it is a descriptive-analytical study. Statistical population of this survey consists of families living in the rural areas of Aq Qala which are altogether 4073 families. By the use of Cochran's formula, 354 householders were selected as the sample size in order to fill up the questionnaires. In order to analyze the data, Freidman, Phi Cramer, Chi-square, Spearman, and Wilcoxon tests were used in the SPSS environment. The research results showed that according to Phi Cramer, Chi-Square, and Spearman tests, there is a 99% significant relationship between formation of small livestock units and personal features of individuals such as job, education, marital status, job-related skills, age, and income. Freidman, Chi-square, and Wilcoxon tests showed that there is a significant relationship between formation of small livestock units and improvement of livestock capitals (human, social, economic, physical, and natural). Also, Kruskal Wallis test showed significant differences between livelihood capitals of families that have small livestock units in the studied villages.

The extraction of minerals presents both opportunities and challenges for human well-being and social life. Research has extensively explored the challenges faced by communities trying to maintain a healthy and prosperous social life around a mine. Creating the infrastructure to properly direct capital and resources to generate wealth and added value is one of the major responsibilities of policymakers in any country, including Iran, which is impossible without a thorough analysis of the potential of the various regions. Studying the role of industries (mining) in improving the livelihoods of rural households in Azadshahr County is the focus of this study.

It is descriptive-analytical in nature and applied in its goals. Information was collected by two methods library and field (researcher-made questionnaire). Azadshahr mine employees in Golestan province with 400 heads of households are included in the statistical population. 196 people were selected according to Cochran's formula as the greater caution sample size of 200 people. The questionnaire was filled out using a 5-point Likert scale (very low, low, medium, high, very high) in human, social, physical, natural and financial dimensions. Based on the approval of experts and professors in the field of rural geography, the content validity of the questionnaires was verified. Based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient, reliability was calculated for human capital 0/894, financial capital 0/813, natural capital 0/813, social capital 0/868, and physical capital 0/856. The collected data was analyzed with Friedman, Chi-square, Phi Cramer, and Spearman correlation coefficients within the SPSS software environment. The map was created with ArcGIS software.

At 99% confidence level, there is a link between industrial (mining) businesses and increasing the sustainable livelihood capital of rural households, and employment in this type of business has greater effects on economic, social, physical and human capital, but their effects on natural capital are much weaker. In human capital, the variable characterized by the highest average rank was the presence of skilled and semi-skilled manpower, while the variable characterized by the lowest average rank was the inventive and creative class. This type of business was rated highest for its effectiveness in reducing unemployment among villagers. The lowest score was given for its opportunities to engage women. The highest average rating was given to reducing conflicts between residents, while the lowest average rating was given to access to information and communication technology. Based on the average rating, physical capital was rated highest for its contribution to improving housing conditions of villagers and lowest for its contributions to building religious structures. Land deformation received the highest average rating in natural capital, while the impact of this activity on environmental protection received the lowest. A Spearman correlation coefficient was used to demonstrate the relationship between mine income and subsistence capital. The coefficient has a significant relationship according to the level of significance. It is true that there is a significant relationship between employment in the mine and earning income, but this relationship is moderate. The chi-square values for subsistence capital show a significant difference between the observed frequencies and the expected frequencies when the significance level is lower than 0.01, meaning that the difference between these two ratios is statistically significant. The phi Cramer test indicates a relationship between monthly income and economic capital variables. Considering that the correlation between monthly income and variables is high for most variables and is significant at a level lower than 0.01, it is possible to conclude that there is a strong relationship between the two.

Iran's mining and mineral industries are considered to be its most important economic sectors. As a result, the growth and development of this sector has been able to promote and improve the sustainable livelihood of rural households by increasing economic activity, employment, and income. It is perhaps the most serious impact of coal mining on the environment that there are environmental changes, land erosion, vegetation changes, soil degradation, and land deformation. It is often overlooked how mining affects the quality of life of local communities, as most of the benefits go to the mining industry and its workforce, thereby excluding the rest of the population. Additionally, the villages have been able to benefit from the mines through the employment of workers. It is expected that developing the skills of local uneducated communities will increase livelihood opportunities, especially for residents of rural mining areas. The development and expansion of mining activities will reduce transportation costs and, when combined with the development of conversion-related and complementary industries near the mines, will create jobs and attract rural labor, as well as increase the sustainability of rural livelihoods and population retention in rural areas.

This research is of applied type and its method is descriptive-analytical. Data collection was done by library and field methods (survey method based on a questionnaire). The statistical population includes the villages of Dashtvil district, of which 12 villages have been selected based on spatial sampling. The sample size was determined by Cochran's formula and applying its correction method to 133 households. A one-sample t-test was used to compare differences and the Friedman test was used to rank the indicators. Also, the TOPSIS model has been used to analyze and rank the villages, and finally, the Kriging spatial analysis method has been used to show the spatial pattern of the foundations of livelihood. The results showed that the five dimensions of livelihood capital, in general, are in an unfavorable situation in the studied rural. Of these five dimensions, the dimensions of natural capital and social capital are in good shape. The results of the ranking based on Friedman's test showed that the dimension of livelihood capital is in the first place and the ranking of indicators, vegetation is in the first place. According to the results of the TOPSIS model, Chelgasar village was ranked first. The results of Kriging spatial analysis indicate that there is a spatial difference in the villages of Dashtville district so that the villages located in the eastern space zone are in a good condition and the villages located in the western space zone are disadvantaged.

This research has been done with the aim of designing a sustainable livelihood model with the cooperative village approach using the grounded theory method. The present study is a qualitative research. The study sample includes 30 experts, managers and experts in the field of cooperation throughout the country who were purposefully selected. Field observations and in-depth interviews in the form of focus groups were used to collect data. The results were extracted from the research data in the coding process (open, axial and selective) in the form of concepts, subcategories and categories using MAXqda12 software. The paradigm model includes conditions (causal, contextual, and intervening), strategy, and outcome. Research findings indicate that climate vulnerability, social vulnerability and economic vulnerability were identified as causal conditions; trends, government support and infrastructure strengthening were identified as background conditions; and financing, market development, market control, and government support as intervening conditions affecting the creation of sustainable livelihoods with the rural cooperative approach. The results show that coping strategies and compromise strategies as strategies for achieving sustainable livelihoods have consequences such as cooperatives, sustainable development, productivity, employment, strengthening social capital and smart agriculture.

Study of the problem of poverty in human societychr('39')s shows that villagers are among the poorest and most vulnerable human groups and ignoring to regard their living conditions can double the lack of development in human settlements. In other words, livelihood capital is the basis of empowerment and involvement of villagers in their individual and social destiny, which form the main foundation of community development. Therefore, the present study used a descriptive-analytical method to assess the livelihood capital status of mountain villages in Kouhshah Rural District in Ahmadi District with a sustainable livelihood approach. The research tool was a questionnaire (with reliability of 0.92) that collected data based on the framework of sustainable livelihood and analyzed the livelihood capital of villages. Findings showed that the amount of property and livelihood capital in different fields of human, financial, physical, natural, social in the studied villages is different and due to vulnerability in recent years the amount of physical, financial and natural assets have been decreased, and on the other hand, the amount of social and human assets have been increased. The results also show that the sustainability of livelihood capital is not the same, financial and physical capital with an average of 1.41 and 2.46 are among the most unstable capital, and social and human capital with an average of 3.68 and 3.25 are the most stable dimension of livelihood in the investigated rural areas. Therefore, according to the results, livelihood investments in mountainous villages are not desirable and this has provided the basis for instability of the region. In other words, in order to create desirable villages and get the residents out of the cycle of poverty and achieve stability in the region, one can not only pay attention to one dimension (economic) but applying different perspectives a holistic and systematic view, other dimension of financial, physical, and environmental need to be supported.