جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « آنزیم های کبدی » در نشریات گروه « زیست شناسی »

This research aims to determine the effect of different amounts of dietary manganese on antioxidant activity, liver enzymes and, liver tissue of rearing young beluga (Huso huso) from October to December 2022 at the Dr. Beheshti Reproduction and Genetic Stock Restoration Center of Sturgeon in Rasht, Guilan province. For this study, 180 pieces of beluga with an average initial weight of 266 ± 3.05 grams underwent a two-week adaptation period in the breeding environment, in six treatment groups and each treatment with three repetitions, with concentrations of 5 (Mn1), 10 (Mn2), 15 (Mn3), 20 (Mn4) and 25 (Mn5) mg of manganese sulfate monohydrate (MnSO4H2O) per kilogram of food and control treatment (Mn0) without adding manganese sulfate supplement were carried out in two months. At the end of each month, three pieces of fish were selected from each repetition, blood was collected and their livers were sampled for histological studies. The results revealed a significant difference in catalase and glutathione peroxidase levels among the experimental treatments (p<0.05) and their maximum amount was the control treatment fish, while superoxide dismutase levels did not differ significantly (p<0.05). Among the liver enzymes, Alkaline-phosphatase and aspartate-aminotransferase had a significant difference between the control treatment and other experimental treatments (p<0.05), but the alanine-aminotransferase enzyme had no significant difference (p<0.05). Also, different forms of tissue damage were observed in the liver tissue of all treatments, even the control (atrophy, biliary stagnation, Fat degeneration and, cellular necrosis). Based on the results of this research, the levels of 10-15 mg of dietary manganese could improve antioxidant activities, liver enzymes and reduce liver tissue damage in breeding young beluga.

This research was conducted in order to study the effect of taurine amino acid addition on performance, carcass characteristics, blood factors and liver enzymes in broilers. The experiment was conducted in 45 days in the form of a completely random design with 300 pieces of one-day-old broilers of the Ras strain, including 4 treatments, 5 repetitions and 15 birds in each repetition with the same energy and protein diets with the same rearing conditions. The experimental treatments included: the first treatment (basic diet) and the second, third and fourth treatments respectively: the basic diet along with 1 g/kg taurine amino acid, 3 g/kg taurine amino acid and 6 g/kg taurine amino acid. The results showed that body weight gain, feed consumption and food conversion ratio were significant between the experimental treatments and the control treatment during the breeding period (P0.05). But numerically, a better performance was observed with the addition of taurine supplement to the diet in these enzymes. (P > 0.05). In general, the results of this experiment showed that adding 6 grams/kg of taurine amino acid leads to an improvement in the titer of blood parameters and liver enzymes without negatively affecting the performance and characteristics of the carcass.

Statement of the problem: 

The liver is the main organ responsible for metabolic control and metabolic detoxification, which significantly contributes to the clearance of beta-amyloid plaques. 

The present study aimed to investigate the effect of aerobic exercise with a supplement of vitamin C on liver enzymes and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) values in rats with Alzheimer's disease.

This was an experimental and fundamental research with a post-test and a control group conducted on 35 aged male Sprague-Dawley rats. The samples were randomly assigned to five groups (7 cases in each group), including 1) Alzheimer, 2) the healthy, 3) the exercise group, 4) the vitamin C, and 5) the exercise+vitamin C group. Aerobic exercise was continued for eight weeks, Total protein in liver tissue was measured to assess TAC, Malondialdehyde (MDA, alanine aminotransferase (AST), alkane phosphatase (AST), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels.

The values of AST, ALT and ALP, MDA, and TAC in the control group with Alzheimer's disease were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group (P<0.05). After the intervention, AST, ALT, and ALP in the exercise and vitamin C supplement groups were significantly lower than in the non-exercise groups (P=0.001).

Aerobic exercise and vitamin C supplementation are effective in improving liver factors in rats with Alzheimer's disease; however, they have no therapeutic effect on MDA and TAC levels in rats with Alzheimer's.

Most of the various drugs that are used to treat various diseases are metabolized in the liver. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of melatonin and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor drug citalopram on liver tissue ultrastructure and liver enzymes in adult female Trichogaster. For this purpose, 120 pieces of Trichogaster with an average weight of 4.23 ± 0.70 g divided into eight groups of 15, which included the control groups, solvent intact, three groups which received citalopram with a dose of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg and three treatment groups receiving melatonin with doses of 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg. A dose of 0.02 ml of the drug was injected intramuscularly between the dorsal fin and the lateral line every other day for 10 times, over a period of 20 days. Then, the fish were euthanized and dissected. The results showed that melatonin and citalopram had a significant effect on the level of all liver enzymes compared to the control groups (P<0.05). The highest levels of ALT, AST and ALP were measured after the injection of 20 mg/kg citalopram (P<0.05). In fish treated with the highest concentration of melatonin and all concentrations of citalopram, dissociation between hepatocytes and expansion of sinusoids occurred. Fat vacuoles were formed in high concentrations of melatonin and citalopram. Therefore, melatonin at a concentration of 100 mg/kg and citalopram at a concentration higher than 5 mg/kg have a negative effect on the ultrastructure of liver tissue and liver enzymes.

During heat stress, the animal body requires more antioxidant compounds and activity of antioxidant enzymes. Zinc plays a role in the structure and activity of antioxidant enzymes. One of the ways to supply the zinc requirement, is to use organic zinc supplements, which zinc combined with methionine, and have more intestinal absorption

This study was done to evaluate the effects of different doses of zinc-methionine supplementation on the blood antioxidant status and the expression of interleukin 4 and 6 genes in rats exposed to heat stress.

In a completely random design, 20 female rats were divided into four treatment groups with five replicates. Rats were kept at a temperature of 31±2 °C for 20 hours and at a temperature of 38±2 °C for 4 hours per day (to create heat stress). The rats in the control group were fed standard pellets without additives, and the three experimental groups were fed standard pellets plus 15, 30 and 45 mg zinc-methionine supplement per kilogram of dry matter for 30 days. At the end of the experiment, a blood sample was collected from the inferior vena cava. Total antioxidant capacity, malondialdehyde concentration, antioxidant enzymes, liver enzymes in the serum and the expression of interleukin-4 and interleukin-6 genes were measured.

Serum zinc concentration increased linearly with increasing zinc dose in the diet (P<0.05). The serum activity of two enzymes, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase decreased linearly with increasing zinc-methionine dose in the diet (P<0.01). The highest activity of glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase was observed in the group receiving 30 mg/kg, and the lowest activity of these enzymes was observed in the control group. In general, the relative expression of the interleukin-4 gene was increased, and the relative expression of the interleukin-6 gene was decreased (P<0.05). The highest expression of interleukin-4 gene belonged to the group receiving 30 mg, and the highest relative expression of interleukin-6 gene belonged to the control group and the group receiving 15 mg/kg.

The results of this study showed that the dose of up to 30 mg of zinc-methionine per kg of diet used in this study increases the activity of superoxide dismutase enzyme and glutathione peroxidase enzyme activity, decreases the activity of liver enzymes in the serum, increases the expression of the anti-inflammatory gene (Interleukin-4) and decreases the expression of inflammatory gene (Interleukin-6), which indicates the reduction of oxidative stress and the reduction of the effects of heat stress in the body of the rat.

Effective anticonvulsant drugs each selectively suppress the abnormal activity of neurons to some degree. However, their mechanism of action and efficacy differ in different types of epilepsy disorders.

Investigation of histological effects of 4chloro-N (2-(4-methoxyphenil)-4-oxotiazolidin-3-yl)-2-phenoxybenzamid compared to Diazepam as a reference drug on Trichogaster trichopterus ‘s liver which has done at the fish lab of Islamic Azad University.

In this study, 150 fish specimens with an average weight of 2 ± 0.5 gr were bought from Khan-mahi fish farm. This study was performed on 4 treatment groups (1, 3, 5, 7 mg/kg b.w.) and three controls including, control 1 (intact), control 2 (solvent tween 80), reference control (Diazepam 3 mg/kg.b.w). Before dropping fishes into the aquariums, dechlorination of water was performed in 24 hours, and physicochemical factors were measured. Injections were performed every other day for 20 days and all the treatments were anatomized and their livers put into the fixative to check by optical and electron microscope later.

The results showed that the ALT, AST and ALP were changed in controls to treatments. These results showed a significant difference between the control and the treatment groups (P≤0.05) Microscopic images also showed membrane changes, rupture, gaps between sinusoids, and necrosis at a dose of 5 mg /kg body weight and was in a dose-dependent.

Varicocele is one of the most important causes of infertility in men, which in addition to negatively affecting spermatogenesis, can also affect the endocrine system. The link between varicocele and testosterone production is unclear. The liver is one of the most effective organs in the metabolism of substances and hormones. This study aimed to evaluate serum testosterone levels and their association with liver enzymatic changes. Fifty male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups, including sham control, varicocele induction, varicocele induction (50 mg/kg curcumin), and varicocele induction (100 mg / kg curcumin). After the treatment period, iron (Fe2 +), testosterone, direct bilirubin, total bilirubin and serum concentrations of ALT, and AST were assessed and liver tissue was isolated and examined. Varicocele caused a significant increase in iron levels (p ≤ 0.05) and a non-significant decrease in testosterone levels (p = 0.242) and total bilirubin (T) (p = 0.639). The treatment resulted in a significant decrease in the levels of iron (p = 0.056) and total bilirubin (p = 0.639), as well as a significant increase in testosterone levels (p < 0.05) compared to the varicocele. While the level of direct bilirubin (p ≥ 0.05) in the varicocele showed a significant increase compared to the sham and control. Using curcumin significantly reduced it compared to the varicocele (p = 0.03). Evaluation of ALT (p = 0.762) and AST (p = 0.367) levels did not show a significant difference among the groups. The levels of iron, testosterone, bilirubin, and liver enzymes are negatively affected by varicocele. Curcumin may lessen the harmful effects of varicocele on biochemical components linked with liver tissue in addition to preventing varicocele damage to testicular tissue. In varicocele rats, greater dosages of curcumin may lower the liver enzyme AST.

Right now, one of the most common liver disorders is fatty liver, on the rise in the world today due to the poor lifestyle of those suffering from it. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the active ingredient of Peganum harmala, harmaline, on serum levels of liver index enzymes in mice with non-alcoholic fatty liver. In this study, 40 adult male NMRI mice were divided into five groups of 8, including control, HFD, sham (HFD received distilled water, a harmaline solvent.), harmaline receiving 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg. Harmaline was injected intraperitoneally for four weeks. Serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lipid profile (cholesterol, LDL, and HDL) were measured to assess liver function. The activity of antioxidant enzymes such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in liver tissue were evaluated. Histological studies were performed using Hematoxylin-Eosin staining in liver tissue. Serum levels of ALT, AST, ALP, cholesterol, LDL were significantly decreased in the groups treated with harmaline and the levels of antioxidant enzymes catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and SOD were significantly increased in the treated groups. HDL levels increased significantly in harmaline-treated groups. The results indicated the antioxidant properties of harmaline, one of the most important alkaloids of Peganum harmala..

Vincristine is an anti-cancer drug which fights the growth and spread of cancer cells in the body. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of hydroalcoholic extract of chicory plant (Cichorium intybus)on hepatotoxicity of vincristine sulfate in rats. Adult male Wistar rats were used in this study. 56 mice were divided into 7 groups of eight. Treatments were intraperitoneally performed for 15 days. The control group contained healthy mice. Experimental groups 1 and 2, each contains three subgroups with defined concentrations: Experimental group a1 received 15 mg/kg of chicory extract, 0.05 mg/kg of vincristine sulfate and again chicory extract. Experimental group b1 received 20 mg/kg of chicory extract, 0.1 mg/kg of vincristine and chicory extract again. Experimental group c1 received 25 mg/kg of chicory extract; then, vincristine at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg, and then chicory extract again. Experimental group a2: first 0.5 mg/kg vincristine then chicory extract at 15 mg/kg dose, and received Wayne Christian. Experimental b2: First, they received 0.1 mg/kg of vincristine; then, 15 mg/kg of chicory extract and again of vincristine. Experimental c2: first, they received 0.2 mg/kg vincristine, then 15 mg/kg chicory extract, and again vincristine. After performing the above steps by anesthetizing the animals, blood sampling from mice, serum isolation, liver isolation, the measurement of the level of biochemical parameters, and liver enzymes, and their liver tissue were tested. In this study, a significant increase in ALT and AST enzymes was observed in experimental groups 1 compared to the control group, and also a significant decrease was observed in experimental groups 2 compared to experimental groups 1. The results showed that the subcutaneous injection of vincristine had additive effects on the number of liver enzymes in experimental group 1, the chicory extract had high antioxidant properties and significantly reduced liver enzymes.

Diazinon is one of the most widely used organophosphorus insecticides, to control plant pests in agricultural fields and is known to be a harmful environmental pollutant in the world. Therefore, the study aimed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects of alcoholic extract of Althaea officinalis against Diazinon-induced liver damage in adult male hamsters. 42 male hamsters were divided into six groups: The positive control group received distilled water, The negative control group received Diazinon poison, The group receiving the Althaea officinalis extract (300 mg/kg) and the group receiving the Althaea officinalis extract (600 mg/kg) received alcoholic extract of Althaea officinalis at doses of 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg of body weight, The group receiving Diazinon and the Althaea officinalis extract (300 mg/kg) and the group receiving Diazinon and the Althaea officinalis extract (600 mg/kg) received Diazinon toxin first and then alcoholic extract of Althaea officinalis at doses of 300 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg of body weight. Daily the hamsters were treated orally for 15 days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were taken and serum levels of Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphatase, the whole (total) Bilirubin, the whole (total) protein and serum Albumin were measured. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's test using SPSS software. In Diazinon group, there was a significant increase in serum levels of Alanine aminotransferase, Aspartate aminotransferase, Alkaline phosphatase, the whole (total) Bilirubin and a significant decrease in serum (total) protein and Albumin levels compared with the positive control group. Alcoholic extract of Althaea officinalis caused a significant and dose-dependent decrease in the levels of hepatic enzymes and the whole (total) Bilirubin and significant increase in the whole (total) protein and serum Albumin levels. The result of this study showed that Althaea officinalis has a protective and therapeutic effect against Diazinon-induced hepatotoxicity in hamster.

Fatty liver is a common metabolic disorder affecting millions of people all over the world. Due to the side effects of most of the chemical drugs used to treat this disease, this study has been performed aiming to investigate the effect of flaxseed and N. sativa oils on serum levels of liver enzymes and some of the inflammatory factors in in male rats affected by non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this experimental study, 40 mature male rats were randomly assigned to 5 groups (8 rats in each group) include the control group (receiving no treatment), fatty liver (treated by fat emulsion), and the experimenta groups under 6-weeks by fat emulsion, and 28-day treatments by 0.75 ml/kg of flaxseed oil, 5 ml/kg of N. sativa oil, and the combined treatmnet of 0.75+ 5 ml/kg of flaxseed and N. sativa oils, respectively. At the end, after blood sampling and separation of the surface serum of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), BUN (blood urea nitrogen), creatinine, total protein, and interleukin 6 were measured. Data analysis was done by ANOVA and Tukey tests. The results showed that iduction of fatty liver caused significant increase of interleukin-6, total protein, blood urea nitrogen, ALP, ALT, AST enzymes, and creatinine compared to the control group (P˂0.01); while the use of flaxseed and N. Sativa oils alone and their combination caused a significant decrease in the level of the above mentioend (P˂0.01). factors The results showed that N. sativa and flaxseed oils and their combination can decrease the inflammatory serum factors and liver damage caused by fatty liver disorder.

Inroduction & Objective: The use of natural-origin growth stimulants due to the lack of destructive
environmental impacts has been considered in the past years. Hence this study was conducted to evaluate the
effect of lemon verbena, Aloysia triphylla, extract on growth performance, proximate body compositions and
some liver enzymes of rainbow trout juveniles, Oncorhynchus mykiss. Rainbow trout (average weight 25.52 ± 1.31 g) were allocated into 4 groups and
were fed by different levels of plant extract (0, 2.5, 5 and 7 g per kg of diet) spread on commercial diet for 8
weeks. After cultivation, fish was weighted and proximate compositions include moisture, protein, lipid and
ash were analyzed. Also in order to measure liver enzyme like Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine
aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase blood was taken. After feeding trial the data obtained was analyzed. Results showed that fish fed experimental
diets had significant deference (P<0.05) in weight gain, specific growth rates, feed efficiency and feed
conversion ratios compared to control. There was no significant difference among treatments in survival
(P>0.05). There were no significant difference (P>0.05) in moisture, crude protein, crude lipid and ash
content of rainbow trouts fed with diets containing various levels of plant extract. AST, ALT and alkaline
phosphatase did not have significant difference between treatments (P>0.05). Results clearly indicate that the addition of Aloysia triphylla extract up to 7 g per kg of diet is
advisable for rainbow trout because it improved the growth performance and did not have harmful effect on
liver enzymes.

nowadays, one of the problems of human societies is liver diseases and using chemical drugs with their side effects, causing the researchers change their approaches towards new sources of herbal drugs .The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Satureja bachtiarica and Thymus daenesis Celak the liver damage is caused by injection thioacetamide. 54 male wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into 9 groups of 6 each groups the (first sahed, second of positive control, third of negative control, fourth, fifth, sixth extracts of Satureja bachtiarica with 5, 10 and 20 miligram per kilogram ,seven , eight and nine extract of Thymus daenensis Celak with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg extract were given by gavage.Thioacetamide first for three week and twice weekly a rats of 1cc to all groups except the control group were injection then gavage for 14 days savory and thyme extract groups were treated with the extract and the positive drug control group treated with 8 mg/kg capsule sibilinin slap for 14 days.then the blood samples were taken and liver of rats. Histopathologic study suggests that liver lesions compared to the control group is related to the negative control group .Aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase well as in the study were assessed and showed that extracts of thyme daenensis has a positive effect on liver fibrosis. By studying the findings, it seems that Flavonoid compounds and phenolic in Thymus daenesis Celak and Satureja bachtiarica can decrease the toxic effects induced By thioacetamide In liver tissue of Mice

The effect of different types of exercise training in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unclear. Therefore, the aim of present study was to investigate the effect of eight weeks’ resistance training on serum levels of hepatic enzymes' including AST, ALT and ALP in overweight men’s afflicted by NAFLD. For this purpose, 30 overweight men’s afflicted by NAFLD with average age 40. 2 ± 2. 5 and weight 75. 5 ± 3. 19 randomly divided in control (n=15) and resistance training (n=15) groups. Subjects in training group take part in resistance training program for eight weeks and three sessions per week. Training intensity increased from 40 percent of 1RM in first week to 70 percent of 1RM in last week. Blood samples collected in the end of research protocol and given variables measured in serum. Present study result analyzed by SPSS-24 software and using analyze covariance (ANCOVA) test. Results indicated that serum levels of AST (p= 0. 024) and ALT (p= 0. 006) significantly decreased in resistance training group, but changes in serum levels of ALP wasn’t significant (p= 0. 096). Moreover, result indicated significant improvement of lipid profile in trained group (p= 0. 001). According to present study result, positive effect of resistance training in patient with NAFLD may be exert by decreasing levels of hepatic enzyme and this training program can play effective role in modulating lipid profile in patient with NAFL.

According to the widespread use of nanoparticles in medicine, the pathological study seems to be necessary. Important properties of nanoparticles are their small size. Accumulation of fat and inflammation of the liver are the beginning stage of liver cirrhosis. We aimed to determine the effect of nano-curcumin on fatty liver disease. Sixty male mice were divided into 6 groups (n=10): control, gavaged with normal food. The second group were fed cholesterol, third group were fed cholesterol and curcumin. Other groups were fed different dose of nano-curcumin. Then, lipid profile and liver enzymes were measured and liver tissues were fixed in formalin buffer, staining with hematoxylin-eosin. Data were analyzed using SPSS. Evaluation of serum cholesterol showed that treatment with curcumin significantly decreased cholesterol, TG, and LDL of plasma level. Histopathological changes of the liver in the group received cholesterol showed vacuoles of fat, in groups which were fed low doses of the nano-curcumin did not show fat vacuoles of fat. Nano-curcumin may be used in the safe doses for treatment of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Obtaining an appropriate anesthetic drug for rapid anesthesia with long term and safe recovery has always been the concern of fisheries science researchers. In this study, survey the effect of anesthetic essential oil of lavender (Lavendula officinalis) on Schizothorax zarudnyi was investigated. 260 Snow trout (Schizothorax zarudnyi) juveniles with an average total weight and length 58.69±1.50 g and 20.77±1.16 cm, respectively were anesthetized in four group treatment including, 0, 200, 300 and 400 ppm essential oil of lavender. The expriment carried out base on bath method in order to determine position sedative and anesthetic dose of Lavender essential oil. Kidney, Liver and Gills tissue and blood serum for evaluation of AST (asparate aminotransferase), ALT (alanine amino trasferase) and ALP (alkaline phosphatase) enzymes activity histopathological effects was done in two times, 10 minutes after anesthesia and 24 hours after anesthesia. The results showed that the essential oil of lavender in concentration of 300 ppm induces general anesthesia. Comparison of AST, ALT and ALP enzyme activity (p

In the recent years, water pollution by contaminations are increasing rapidly, the problems of aquatic pollution with heavy metals which is one of the important pollutions indicate that necessary to assess in fish as an important source of human food. The aim of this study was investigated the sub-lethal effects of zinc chloride on hepatic enzymes activity in grey mullet (Mugil Cephalus). In this study after determining the LC50, Two sub-lethal treatments of zinc chloride includes (1.73 and 3.46 mg/L) was considered that any treatment has three replications. Fish were exposed to different doses of sub-lethal for 1, 7, 14 and 21 days and the end of each period samples of liver tissue was taken. The results showed that with increasing concentration of sub-lethal levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) significantly increased (P≤0.05). Also with the prolonged exposure amount of enzymes AST, AST and ALT were increased significantly (P≤0.05). Results of this research showed those hepatic enzymes as stress indicator can be important factors to the investigation of eco-toxicological changes.

In this study, the protective effect of Iranian Golpar on the acute hepatotoxicity due to acetaminophen over doses has evaluated. 80 Wistar male rats were randomly divided in to 4 groups (n=5). Control groups used tap water in 14 days following DMSO i.p injection at day 15th. Acetaminophen groups received tap water in 14 days following 500 mg/kg b.w. injection of acetaminophen (i.p) dissolved in DMSO. Treatment groups received Golpar essential oils (100 and 200 mg/kg b.w) in 14 days following acetaminophen injection at day 15th. Then, the concentration of glutathione (GSH), proxidasion lipids (MDA) and the total antioxidant capacity of plasma and the activity of glutathione s-transferase (GST) with biochemical methods were estimated. Indeed, the levels of liver enzymes; alanin Teransferase (ALT), aspartate Teransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase ALP of the serum were measured. Hence, the histopathology assessments were performed in the liver. The results of the study showed that the Golpar essential oil could significantly prevent from decreasing of GSH, GST and FRAP and increasing of the liver enzymes and prooxion lipids after severe acetaminophen toxicity. Also, the histopathological findings of the liver tissue was confirmed the above results. Therefore, the Golpar essential oil could remarkably protect the liver tissue against the stress oxidative induced by acetaminophen.