جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "monocyte" در نشریات گروه "زیست شناسی"

Bone injuries are one of the challenges of medical science which costs a lot of money in the world for the treatment every year. Exosomes are nanovesicles which carry the proteins and genetic material into the target cell, which in turn, induces the proliferation, cell survival, and differentiation in the recipient cell. These features make exosomes a proper differentiation factor. This study aimed to investigate the differentiating effect of exosomes derived from the monocytes and macrophages on chitosan alginate drip scaffolds. Chitosan-alginate scaffolds were made by drip method with fat stem cells. Monocytes were cultured, and the supernatant was collected, and the exosomes were collected by the ultracentrifugation. Exosomes were identified by DLS and SEM methods. The samples were treated, and then MTT and DAPI tests were performed. The osteogenic differentiation was examined by alkaline phosphatase and real-time PCR. MTT results showed that the survival rate of differentiated cells with exosomes on days 7, 14, and 21 was increased compared to control group. Moreover, DAPI results showed no cell death in the treatment groups, and the results of the alkaline phosphatase test showed an increase with the control group, and also the results of real-time PCR increased the expression of genes BMP2/6, SMAD4 and differentiation genes Osc and Opn in the treatment group. This study showed that the exosomes derived from the monocytes and macrophages could cause survival and osteogenic differentiation of the fat mesenchymal cells in the chitosan alginate scaffold.

Exercise is now strongly recommended for breast cancer patients to improve their overall health and quality of life. Monocytes play an important role in the cancer immune system and a better understanding of how acute exercise alters the monocyte subsets would aid in exercise prescription.

Ten breast cancer survivors (age: 59 ± 7.1) who completed their primary cancer treatment within the previous year were evaluated in this study. Using flow cytometry, monocyte subset percentages were evaluated before, immediately after, and 1 hour after 45 minutes of acute, intermittent exercise. Exercise intensity was 60% of peak wattage obtained from a cardiopulmonary exercise test.

The percentage of CD14 monocytes and CD14࠽ monocyte subsets changed significantly across the trial (p= 0.016 and p = 0.016, respectively), with a small, non-significant increase immediately after exercise (CD14: 9%, p= 0.314; CD14࠽: 5%, p= 0.594) followed by a larger significant decrease 1 hour after exercise relative to baseline (CD14: -26%, p= 0.015; CD14࠽: -28%, p= 0.021). CD14࠽ subpopulation showed a tendency to change across the trial but this did not quite reach significance (p= 0.097).

These findings suggest that acute intermittent exercise mobilizes CD14 monocytes and CD14࠽ monocyte subsets in breast cancer survivors in a manner that is comparable to previous reports in healthy individuals. Further studies are warranted to determine the functionality of the mobilized monocytes and the effects of exercise training.

Staphylococcus aureus exoproteins are known to have potent effects on cells of the immune system in human infections and their primary inhibitory effects in vivo on innate immune responses. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of bacterial extractions on viability of neutrophils and monocytes in the healthy and the infected cattle (mastitis). In order to isolate of neutrophils and monocytes, heparinized blood samples were taken from the healthy (n=5) and the infected cattles (n=5). Neutrophil and monocyte isolation was carried out using meglumine and histopaque compounds respectively. Secretory factors from Staphylococcus aureus ATCC23219 were extracted and its concentration assayed by Bradford method and were determined to be 400 μg/ml. The effect of different concentrations of the extract on viability of neutrophils and monocytes was determined by flowcytometery and immunoflorcent respectively. The results showed that in the healthy and the infected cattles, extract containing 800 and 400 μg/ml protein, respectively caused the most death in monocytes and neutrophils. It also seemed that in the infected cattles, monocytes were more sensitive to cell death than the neutrophils. Discussion and The extract of Staphylococcus aureus induces apoptosis and necrosis in both neutrophils and monocytes of both the healthy and the infected cattle but the cells in the cattle with mastitis are more sensitive to apoptosis than in the non- infected cattles. In the case of mastitis due to Staphylococcus aureus, the bacterial extracts effects on monocytes and not the neutrophils. However, determination of bacterial extraction fractions and their effect on immune system cells are strongly recommended.