جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "pyrimidine" در نشریات گروه "شیمی"

Because pyrimidine compounds contain two nitrogen atoms in the ring, their structures are a class of significant organic compounds that include hetero atoms. These groups are thought to be the previously derivatives with pharmacological and biological activities toward many types of pathogenic organisms. To study the antimicrobial activity of three different types of derivatives (C1, C2, and C3) against two different species of bacteria (Escherichia coli and Proteus vulgaris) and two different species of fungi (Aspergillus niger and Penicillium chrysogenum), the derivatives have been prepared at three different concentrations (10, 15, and 20 mg/mL). The results showed that three derivatives had antimicrobial activity at all studied concentrations, but the best antibacterial and antifungal effect was recorded at the concentration (20 mg/mL) against all microbial isolates studied. Furthermore, in vivo genotoxicity of two compounds (C2 and C3) was investigated in rats using the 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) assay. In addition, when rats were treated with 500 mg/kg body weight of compound C3, there was a considerable suppression of the urine 8-OHdG level (50.2%) (p < 0.0001). Compound C2, however, raised the amounts of 8-OHdG in the urine. Using an up-and-down method to calculate the fatal dosage (LD50) values for compounds C2 and C3, it was shown that these compounds are safe because the LD50 was greater than 1000 mg/kg" b.w". Because the studied compounds have strong antibacterial activity and low genotoxicity, they may find application as antibiotics.

Some ethyl 2-((1,2,3-oxadiazol-4-yl)thio)-6-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carboxylate derivatives (M1 to M20) were designed and developed as potential DPP-IV inhibitors. All the designed derivatives were subjected for binding affinity studies. Fortunately, 18 molecules displayed better binding affinity than native ligand (NL) present in the crystal structure of enzyme (PDB ID: 6B1E). From interactions of NL, it was observed that Glu206 and Arg358 are important amino acid residues to get good binding orientation. Fortunately, almost all the molecules developed at least one kind of interactions with either of these amino acids. Out of these, M17 was considered as most potent as it has developed 5 conventional-hydrogen bonds. To evaluate the stability of Compound M17 in complex with the DPP-IV enzyme, a 100 ns all-atom molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was conducted. The combination of hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic, ionic, and water-mediated interactions highlights the robust nature of the binding between Compound M17 and enzyme, ensuring the stability and efficacy of the complex throughout the simulation. From in silico screening, we have selected M3, M5, M12, M16, M17, and M18 for the synthesis. The synthesized compounds tested at 250 µM and all the compounds exhibited more than 90% of inhibition in in vitro enzyme assay. Compound M18 displayed 93.3±0.58% of inhibition and 13.14±0.49 µM of IC50 value which was highest amongst the synthesized compounds. It was concluded that, the synthesized compounds displayed optimum DPP-IV inhibitory activity, therefore these can be treated as lead nucleus for further development.

A newer generation pyrimidine derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated in vitro alpha amylase and bacterial growth inhibitor. The molecules' design fully depended upon the structural features of previously pyrimidine derivatives. Then all the designed molecules (SD1-SD100) were docked with 1OSE pig pancreatic alpha-amylase isoenzyme. S-[4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-6-phenylpyrimidin-2-yl] benzenecarbothioate, S-(4,6-diphenylpyrimidin-2-yl) benzenecarbothioate, S-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-6-phenylpyrimidin-2-yl] benzenecarbothioate, and S-[4,6-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)pyrimidin-2-yl] benzenecarbothioate showed good docking interaction scores, as compared to acarbose. The interacting residues of the synthesized molecules and 1OSE showed similar amino acid lining as present in the active site. The synthetic procedure of the molecules was divided into two steps such as synthesis of chalcone derivative using aromatic aldehyde and acetophenone, reaction between chalcone and thiourea to form substituted pyrimidine-2-thiol, then finally substituted pyrimidine-2-thiol and benzoyl chloride reacted in presence of glacial acetic acid to obtain the best docked molecules. All the molecules show characteristic peaks in FTIR, 1H-NMR and Mass spectrometric data. Among all the synthesized molecules S-[4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-6-phenylpyrimidin-2-yl] benzenecarbothioate showed best in vitro alpha amylase inhibition activity. Also, all synthesized molecules showed moderate to good antibacterial activities.

Nanomaterials are interesting candidates as heterogeneous catalysts for different organic reactions. In this research SiO2 nanoparticles was applied for synthesis of some new 2-chloro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carbaaldehyde (1) through vilsmeier – haack cyclization of N-(pyridine-2-yl)acetamide has been reported and transformation to new chalcones containing morpholine ring from reaction of 2-morpholine-3-formyl-1,8-naphthyridine (2) and 2-aminoacetophenone to produce E-3-(2-morpholino-1,8-naphthyridine-3-yl)-1-(4-aminophenyl) prop-2-en-1-one (3) through Claisen-Schmidt reaction by used (Nano silicon dioxide imidazolidin sulfite propyl silyl trifloroacetate) as catalyst . which on treatment with N-chloroacetyl-4,6-diphenyl pyrimidinyl amine (4) gave compound (5). Compound (3) treated chloro acetyl arylamine (4) in presence of small amount of carbonate in DMF gave compound (6). The structures of the final compounds were confirmed by IR and 1HNMR. These compounds were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against gram positive and gram-negative bacteria using dilution procedure showed activity against the bacteria under study; 1,8-naphthyridine derivatives boost the fluoroquinolone antibiotics’ efficiency against multi-resistant bacteria, and therefore appealing prospects for development of treatments against bacterial infections caused by multidrug-resistant strains.

In this research, several heterocyclic rings (triazole, thiadiazol, thiazol) containing imidazo (1,2-a) pyrimidine moiety have been prepared via a series of reactions. To do this, synthesis of 2-substituted imidazo (1,2-a) pyrimidine was performed by condensation of 2-aminopyrimidine with (4-bromo phenacyl bromide) or (4-phenyl phenacyl bromide). Carbaldehyde group was prepared at position-3 of 2-substituted imidazo/pyrimidine rings by Vilsmeier-Haak reaction. Thiosemicarbazon derivatives (Schiff bases) were synthesized by condensation of 3-carbaldehyde derivatives with thiosemicarbazide. Cyclization of thiosemicarbazone derivatives with Ac2O, 4-bromophenacyl bromide and HCl afforded the corresponding thiadiazole(diacetyl) derivatives, 1,3-thiazole derivatives and 1,2,4-triazole derivatives respectively. Structures of the new derivatives were confirmed via FT-IR spectroscopy, some of which were confirmed via 1H-NMR spectroscopy. Three of these new derivatives were evaluated by their anti-corrosion activity.

Bis (1(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl)-3-methyl-imidazolium) copper tetrachloride tethered to colloidal silica nanoparticles have been used as an efficient catalyst for the preparation of 2,4-diamino-6-arylpyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives by the one-pot reaction of aromatic aldehydes, malononitrile, and guanidinehydrochlorideunder conventional heating, microwave and ultrasound irradiations. The catalyst was characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy,dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The remarkable advantages of this methodology are easy work-up, short reaction times, high to excellent product yields, operational simplicity, low catalyst loading and use of ultrasonic irradiation as a valuable and powerful technology.

A simple method was developed to synthesize N-(3-(4-Chlorophenoxy)benzyl)-2-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4-amine by coupling 3-(4-Chlorophenoxy)phenyl)methanamine and 4-chloro-2-methyl-7H-pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine. The products have been obtained in good yields and were characterized by spectral analyses and finally, docking studies were carried out. the formula is not displayed correctly!

4-Amino-5-bromo-2-substituted-aminopyrimidines were successfully reacted with various isothiocyanates in the alkaline alumina under Microwave irradiation to achieve a group of reported 2- aminothiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives . These compounds also carried out a multicomponent condensation with carbondisulfid and alkylhalides to furnish a group of reported 2- alkylsulfanylthiazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidine derivatives.

ABSTRACT: -Alumina nanoparticles (-Al2O3 NPs) were prepared via a new and simple synthetic route and characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The catalytic activity of prepared -Al2O3 NPs was investigated for the new one-pot, four-component synthesis of some fused tri-heterocyclic compounds containing pyrazole, pyran, and pyrimidine. In another investigation, the recyclability of the prepared nanocatalyst was also studied. It was proved that the nanoparticles can act effectively for at least four cycles without appreciable loss in activity. This novel procedure has some advantages such as high efficiency, simplicity, high rate, and environmental safety.

Reaction of 3,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-pyrimidinethiol, prepared by cyclocondensation reaction of 1,3-diamino propane 1 and carbon disulfide, with ethyl chloroacetate and substituted aromatic aldehydes in the presence of sodium acetate and acetic acid gave 2-[(Z)-1-(aryl)]-6,7-dihydro-2H-isothiazolo[2,3-a]pyrimidine-3(5H)-one derivatives 3(a-j) in good yields. 1H-NMR spectroscopy, and elemental analysis were used for identification of these compounds.

In this research, the interaction of pyrimidine molecule with pristine B12N12 nanocluster is studied in different phases to understand the effect of environment on the electronic properties of the designated adsorption complexes. To this end, the pyrimidine adsorption over B12N12 in the gas phase and water medium is investigated using density functional theory (DFT) at the B97D/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory. Geometry and electronic structures of the fragments and their interacting systems are studied, and then natural bond orbitals (NBO) analysis is applied to interpret the perturbation caused by molecular adsorption. Our results confirm a chemical adsorption between pyrimidine molecule and exterior surface of pristine B12N12 One of the interesting features of this interaction is that pyrimidine adsorption in water medium is more favorable than that in the gas phase and exhibits an increase in adsorption energy (Eads) compared to gas phase, from 120.44 to -141.85 kJ/mol. It is hoped that pristine B12N12 will be used in designing novel materials for potential applications to detect pyrimidine molecule in the gas phase and water medium.

A novel basic ionic liquid based on imidazolium cation is designed, synthesized and successfully used as a catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of 4-Oxo-6-aryl-2-thioxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydropyrimidine-5-carbonitrile derivatives. The remarkable features of this new catalyst are its ethyleneoxy bridge which participates in dissolving organic compound in the ionic liquid and its strong base counterion. The application of this ionic liquid is studied in a new one-pot method for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds under solvent-free conditions. A simple and convenient procedure, high conversion, reusability of catalyst, easy purification and shorter reaction time are the advantageous features of this method.

Acenaphtho derivatives have been reported as antitumor agents. So, the reaction of acenaphthylene-1,2-dione with 3,4-diaminobenzenethiol, and then with the alkyl chloride derivatives for the synthesis of acenaphtho [1,2-b] quinoxalines are reviewed. Excellent yields of the products, short reaction times and simple work-up are attractive features of this suitable protocol.