جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « کیفیت زندگی » در نشریات گروه « محیط زیست »

Residential areas adjacent to industrial activities in the cities, are always influenced by environmental characteristics of these activities and also the residents’quality of life is affected by them. In this paper, two relatively polluting industrial activities (Ghoo vegetable oil factory and Besat power plant) in district 16 of Tehran are selected as the case studies and the impact of these activities on neighboring residents’ quality of life have been surveyed. The objective of this study is to identify how these activities have effects on neighboring residents’ quality of life.

This study has used “Impact assessment” technique and four sources of information, including existing official documents, field studies, interviews and questionnaires (385 pieces by applying systematic random sampling method). The descriptive statistics is used for data analysis.

These selected industrial activities have positive and negative impacts on neighbors’ quality of life in objective and subjective dimensions and in different fields (such as environmental, social, economic, physical and traffic). The survey of the general quality of life, indicated that, despite the negative effects of these industries, 38% of residents were satisfied with their general quality of life (due to their life conditions).

According to the fact that general quality of life is determined as a result of combining satisfaction with various domains in accordance with individual subjective prioritization, satisfaction of adjacent neighbors indicates that from the neighbors point of view, the positive impacts of industrial activities in economic and social fields, in addition to the relative satisfaction from other domains of quality of life, have covered their negative impacts in environmental, traffic and physical fields in related domains and have decreased their dissatisfaction with quality of life in adjacent residential areas.

The dust phenomenon has adverse effects, such as affecting human quality of life, economy, environment and damaging the livelihoods of rural communities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the economic, social and environmental effects of dust phenomenon on quality of life of rural households in Masjed Soleiman. Masjed Soleiman city is one of the cities of Khuzestan province. This research is quantitative in terms of type of research, also in terms of purpose, applied, in terms of data collection method, field and in terms of methodology is descriptive-analytical, because it seeks to assess the effects of dust on quality of life in rural areas. In this research, first, with field studies and observations, basic information about the situation of the study area and issues and problems caused by the dust phenomenon were collected, then the required information in the theoretical section was collected based on a library study. In the process of field studies and reviewing the existing studies and theoretical literature, the most important effects of the dust phenomenon on the quality of life of the villagers of Masjed Soleiman were identified. To this end, a questionnaire containing the effects of dust phenomenon on the quality of life of rural households in the form of economic, social and environmental dimensions was first developed. The statistical population of the study is the villages of Masjed Soleiman city in Khuzestan province, which according to the 2016 census has 128 villages with 2286 rural households and a population of 10954 people. Since the statistical population of the study has a large volume and geographical area and it is not possible to refer to all of them, so using the sampling method, some of them were selected as a sample and the results were generalized to the whole population. In order to select the research sample, multi-stage sampling method was used. By determining the total number of samples, the number of samples in each village was determined by proportional assignment based on the population of the selected villages. A questionnaire was used to measure the components of this research. The questionnaire was designed in two parts, the first part is related to the personal information of rural farming families. The second part is related to the economic, social and environmental effects of the dust phenomenon and the severity of these effects in the region was measured based on the Likert scale. The apparent and content validity of this research tool (questionnaire) was confirmed based on the opinions of professors and technical experts. In the present study, before distributing the questionnaires among the samples, in order to determine the reliability of the questionnaires, the results of 30 preliminary questionnaires from the statistical population were tested by Cronbach's alpha test in IBM SPSS Statistics v22 software. Its reliability was measured by Cronbach's alpha and the obtained value was 89%. Then 400 questionnaires were distributed among the villagers in the study area through Cochran formula. Finally, descriptive statistics, inferential statistics and IBM SPSS Statistics v22 and EXCEL 2013 statistical tools were used for data analysis.In terms of time, this research was conducted in 2020. To describe the independent and dependent variables, the statistical characteristics of frequency, frequency percentage, cumulative frequency, mean, maximum, minimum and standard deviation were used.The results related to prioritizing the effect of dust phenomenon on economic dimension variables show that the total average was 3.30, which indicates that the average effect of dust phenomenon on economic dimension variables of the respondents. The results show that the effect of the dust phenomenon on the production dimension of the economic dimension of the respondents is higher than the effect of the dust phenomenon on the consumption dimension of the economic dimension. Indicates the effect of dust phenomenon on production factors in agriculture and rural life.The results of prioritizing the effect of dust phenomenon on social variables show that the total average was 3.32, which indicates that the average effect of dust phenomenon on the social dimension variables of the respondents. The results show that the effect of the dust phenomenon on the migration variable of the respondents is higher than the effect of the dust phenomenon on other social dimension variables, indicating the effect of the dust phenomenon on the migration of villagers. The results related to prioritizing the effect of dust phenomenon on environmental dimension variables show that the total average was 3.40, which indicates the average to high status of the effect of dust phenomenon on environmental dimension variables of the respondents. The results show that the effect of dust phenomenon on the housing variable of the environmental dimension of the respondents on the variable of rural infrastructure of the environmental dimension is at a higher level. Indicates the effect of dust on the pollution of rural housing. Prioritizing the effects of the dust phenomenon on the dimensions of quality of life shows that the greatest effect in terms of an average of 3.40 is related to the environmental dimension. It can be inferred that the greatest effect of the dust phenomenon has been on the environmental dimension. Pearson correlation was used to investigate the relationship between different effects of the dust phenomenon. The correlation results of different effects of dust phenomenon among rural households in Masjed-e-Soleiman city show that there is a positive and significant correlation between all effects of dust phenomenon in the study area at an error level of 0.01. The results also indicate that there is the highest correlation between socio-economic effects (r = 0.637) and the lowest correlation between economic-environmental effects (r = 0.495). Pearson correlation was used to investigate the relationship between the effect of dust on quality of life and its various dimensions. The results of the correlation between the effect of dust phenomenon on quality of life and its dimensions among rural households show that there is a significant negative correlation between the effect of dust phenomenon and quality of life (r = - 0.184) and all its dimensions in the study area. There is an error level of 0.01. The results also indicate that there is the highest correlation between the effect of dust phenomenon and social dimension (r = - 192). The results also showed that there was a significant positive correlation between all effects of dust phenomenon. The highest correlation was between economic and social effects and the lowest correlation between economic and environmental effects. In addition, the results showed that there is a significant and negative correlation between the effects of dust phenomenon and quality of life.

Environmental sustainability assessment is largely dependent on a thorough understanding of thefactors influencing sustainability and how they are selected. Therefore, the purpose of thisdissertation is to identify, select and localize the desired indicators in relation to environmentalsustainability and on the other hand its relationship with quality of life indicators in District 2 ofTehran.

The questionnaires were completed by two groups (experts and citizens) to determine the indicators and then analyzed and evaluated the research options were ranked using VIKOR and LINMAP methods. The options considered in this study are 9 areas in District 2 of Tehran

The results show that The results showed alpha coefficient was calculated to measure the internal stability of the questionnaires. According to the results, alpha is 0.954 based on the completed questionnaire in the environmental sustainability assessment section by expert and based on the supplementary questionnaires of citizens is 0.875 and this indicates a go degree of internal reliability of the questionnairesis.

The results show that out of 6 criteria considered in the environmental sustainability assessment section, physical criterion with So that zone 8 with a score of 1has the lowest amount of environmental sustainability and zone 2 with a score of 0 has the highest amount of environmental sustainability. Also, the ranking results of the 9 districts of Region 2 using the Linamp method show that District 2 has the highest rank in terms of quality of life indicators and District 8 has the lowest quality in terms of quality of life indicators.

Improving living conditions in human settlements is the ultimate goal of urban development programs and projects. The prerequisite for achieving this goal is necessary to provide suitable living conditions. The purpose of this study is to assessment the livability of Tabriz metropolitan regions based on environmental indicators in mental and objective dimensions. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive and analytical in terms of research method. In order to measure the mental condition of environmental livability (including 3 indicators and 25 items), after identifying the indicators, first the relevant questionnaire was designed, after determining the statistical sample at the level of the 10 regions of Tabriz using Cochran's method (413 samples). Also, the latest statistical yearbook of Tabriz metropolis (year 2019) was used to examine the objective dimension (including 17 items). In order to analyze the data, Shannon entropy method has been used to weight the indicators and items of the research and Morris correction method has been used to determine the environmental livability of the regions based on the world literature at 5 levels; Finally, GIS software is used to draw maps to better understand the spatial condition of environmental livability at the region level. The research findings indicate that in terms of mental dimension, 80% of the regions are in a very unsuitable and critical situation and only two regions, 2 and 5, are in a suitable environmental livability condition. Objectively, none of the regions are in good condition and 10 regions are in an unfavorable and unacceptable condition. Finally, in the combined dimension (both objective and mental dimensions), region 2 with a score of 71.23 Morris is in a tolerable environmental condition, region 5 is in an average condition and the other 8 regions of Tabriz metropolis are in an unsuitable and critical condition. The following are suggestions for improving the environmental livability of Tabriz metropolis.

The concept of urban quality of life is developed in relation to the urban environment and connects the objective dimensions of that environment to the citizens’ subjective assessments. This concept is influenced by all aspects of urban life (including the natural, built environment, social and economic aspects). Urban services are parts of the urban environment, which are provided and delivered with the aim of meeting the citizens’ basic needs. The purpose of this research is to investigate how satisfaction with these services affects citizens’ quality of life.

In this research, using a descriptive-analytical approach, and based on literature review, the conceptual framework of research has been developed and then the quantitative research model is presented. Data obtained by citizens’ questionnaires on 30 neighborhoods in Tehran on a set of urban services, collected by systematic random sampling method from the residents of plots, have been analyzed, utilizing Partial Least Squares method and SmartPLS3.0 software in the form of the proposed model.

There is a direct and significant relationship between “satisfaction with urban services” as well as “experienced quality” and the citizens’ “quality of life”. Indices of "standard services", "working hours" and "use of technology in service delivery" in citizens’ view, have the most important effects on "experienced quality" construct. Also, the construct of "citizens' expectations of urban services" is more affected by "previous experience” of the citizen and "implicit service communications” indices.

 Research findings emphasize on the necessity of paying attention to the factors determining the satisfaction with urban services by the responsible organizations in urban services provision and delivery, in order to improve the citizens’ quality of life.

Having a good quality of life is always a human desire. Quality of life in rural areas depends on many factors such as employment, adequate income, access to services such as education and health, health and social security. So that, factors such as low density of rural settlements, reduced employment and income in the agricultural sector, inadequate and inefficient communication routes and transportation networks have complicated the implementation of policies necessary to improve the quality of rural life. With this view, the purpose of this study is comparing the indicators of life quality before settlement and presence in the nomadic environment and after settlement in Azadegan village after the flood. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical, based on library-field studies (questionnaire) and searching Internet sites that, in order to analyze the data, the t-test of SPSS software was used. The findings show that the quality of life indicators before and after settlement in Azadegan village with a significant level of less than 0.05% had no positive effects in Azadegan village. Also, the results showed that the components of employment and income in Azadegan village located in Jiroft city did not have a positive effect on job creation for the villagers; that the amount of income with the retention of occupational groups in Azadegan village with a significant level was more than 99%.

Today, cities face many problems in the economic, social, environmental and physical fields such as reducing the viability and diminishing the importance of urban ecology in the urban housing structure. Therefore, the necessity and importance of paying attention to sustainable development theory and its resulting approaches, such as the habitability approach, will create a city away from the economic, social, environmental and physical problems. According to the above, the present article aims at evaluating the status (perceptual and mental) of the indicators of Yazd city life after more scientific explanation and a more expert look on its factors. Accordingly, in view of the study of theoretical literature on survival, a conceptual framework consisting of octogenic factors has been developed to study the formulation of research and analysis. In order to achieve this goal, using a library-survey method and a researcher-made questionnaire, 384 residents of the four areas of Yasouj city were evaluated by probabilistic sampling method (simple denomination) and examined for bioavailability A city of 4 indicators (social, physical, economic, environmental) with 52 items has been used. In order to weigh the indicators, the Shannon entropy technique and for ranking the regions and the randomness or clustering of the status of urban biomass indicators, respectively, were from the Shannon entropy, Coopers and Muran spatial relationship statistics And Spss and Arc Gis software have been used. The results of the research show that the spatial distribution pattern of perceptual bioequivalence indicators in the city of Yasuj is clustered. Other findings of the study also indicate that the status of bioaccumulation indices in the Cooper's technique shows that the economic index with Qi (0.053) is the highest and the environmental index with Qi (0.027) is the lowest Among other indicators. In the end, the general status of habitat is inappropriate on the level of four areas of Yasuj city. So that area 1 is the best situation and areas 2, 3 and 4 are ranked respectively, respectively

Quality of life is a concept used to indicate one's satisfaction with life and, in other words, a criterion for determining the satisfaction and dissatisfaction of individuals and groups with different dimensions of life. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and measure the economic, social and environmental indicators of quality of life in rural areas of Masjed Soleiman. This is a descriptive-analytical study, In terms of purpose, it is practical and in terms of data collection, field. The statistical population of the study is Masjed Soleiman villages and 400 people were selected as statistical sample using Cochran formula. Statistical methods (descriptive and inferential) and IBM SPSS Statistics v22 and EXCEL 2013 softwares were used for data analysis. The inferential results of the research showed that there is a positive and significant correlation between all dimensions of quality of life of rural households. The highest correlation was between economic and social dimensions and the lowest correlation between economic and environmental dimensions of quality of life.

The growth of modern cities is often followed without standards and unbridled. With this picture, if cities suffer from natural and abnormal accidents, it is very difficult to return to pre-disaster situations.

The present research is an applied and analytical-descriptive purpose. This study uses a hierarchical analysis model to evaluate resilience with emphasis on quality of life in Shiraz. In this regard, 30 questionnaires were submitted to experts and questions consisted of economic, socio-cultural, and social dimensions. Environmental and physical. Then, these dimensions and their sub-criteria were implemented in the AHP method.

The findings indicate that: the highest level of resilience was given in the order of priority, then environment with average (0.224), socio-cultural dimension with mean (198/0), structural-dimensional dimension with mean (0.191) ) and the economic dimension with an average (0.110).

According to research findings, it can be claimed that the lack of environmental pollution and environmental diversity have led to relative stability in this category, and on the other hand, the existence of an almost optimal interpersonal and social relationship between the age structure and sex of the community is a resilient state and has created social and cultural aspects. The existence of varied uses and historic aberrations in urban context as a positive point and the existence of exhaustion in some places, both structural and functional, has been shown to be negative. Unfortunately, the economic quality and employment issues, as in other cities of the country, are very low and uncertain, and the need to strengthen this sector is highly felt.

Quality of life in urban residential environments, including cities in Iran, faces a variety of risks that reduce residents' satisfaction. By identifying the factors that promote the quality of life in urban areas, this study seeks to determine whether optimal residential satisfaction can be achieved. Also suggested in Golshan neighborhood as case study, in order to achieve a better quality of life, interventions should be made in the areas of housing, public transport, open spaces and green areas, and solutions to improve them.

 The overall objective of the present study was to measure and localize the quality of life indicators in the Golshan neighborhood and to present strategies for improving the quality of life. The satisfaction model is designed as a basis for evaluating the indicators of quality of life in the four dimensions of physical-spatial, socio-economic, functional-service and environmental.

The research method is descriptive-analytical and in order to final evaluation and data analysis, SPSS software and statistical methods such as mean, Spearman correlation coefficient were used. The method of collecting field information is through objective researcher interviews and interviewing the authorities and filling out the questionnaire.

Evaluations and analysis results show that the overall satisfaction of residents in Golshan is moderate. The highest satisfaction with the criteria of high neighborhood relations among residents, area of ​​residential unit, sense of belonging to the neighborhood, etc. is expressed. The study also found that among the individual characteristics, gender, occupation, education and number of households in terms of collective dimensions were more important in affecting residential satisfaction

Introduction Urban development has been so rapid in the present century that many countries, especially developing countries and the Third World, are witnessing the emergence of many problems in urban societies. These problems that appear in various social, cultural, economic and environmental fields have led to citizens' dissatisfaction with the urban planning and management system. Meanwhile, inequalities in the quality of the environment and access to services in different parts of the city have increased the dissatisfaction of citizens, especially in poor neighborhoods. Therefore, in recent decades, urban planners have focused on issues such as quality of life, bioavailability, environmental quality and, finally, sustainable urban development, seeking to explain ways to improve the quality of citizens' lives. Considering that the quality of the environment affects the quality of life and the level of satisfaction of individuals, and on the other hand, different social groups have different expectations of the quality of the environment. Therefore, it seems that the opinion of the people in this regard is Acceptable state of the environment. Therefore, the present study has been developed using a questionnaire on the level of satisfaction of inhabitants of the 12th district of Hamedan in terms of environmental quality indices and analyzed. Materials & Methods The present study was conducted using descriptive-analytical method based on documentary studies as well as field observation. Theoretical foundations of the research are derived from library studies and the indexes of subject matter are extracted in a table in a documentary form. In the next step, extractive indicators were extracted in the sample and, using factor analysis, the importance of the main factors affecting its environmental quality has been identified. Considering that residents' perceptions about environmental quality are among the most important factors in assessing the quality and performance of neighborhoods, so in this research, based on extractive indexes, a questionnaire based on the five spectrum Likert has been questioned by residents. The number of questionnaires was valid for SPSS software analysis based on Cochran's sampling test, number 420, each of which was 35 questionnaires. By completing the questionnaires and entering them in SPSS software, the main factors affecting the quality of the environment were extracted using exploratory factor analysis method. Then, using linear multiple regression analysis method, the relationship between extraction factors and the overall quality of the environment is measured. Finally, by combining the coefficients obtained for factors and variables and considering the average dissatisfaction of people from each variable, the priorities of improving the quality of the environment in the neighborhoods of Hamadan city are determined. Discussion of Results After collecting information from the questionnaires and entering them into SPSS software, an initial matrix was compiled. This matrix consists of 420 rows (each row per questionnaire) and 24 columns (23 columns per 23 variables and one column for the general question). According to the obtained model, the numerical value of all variables in the share table was more than 0.4, which indicates the appropriateness of the model's explanatory power and the amount of KMO statistics. Finally, six factors were identified as the determinants of environmental quality in urban neighborhoods. The specific value of all these extractives is greater than 1. Also, the percentage of variance for the first factor is 16.31, for the second factor is 15.05 and for the third factor is 14.31%. Finally, the aggregate variance of these six extraction factors is 76.44. That is, in total, more than 75% of the environmental quality of Hamadan urban neighborhoods is explained, which is an acceptable statistic. The first factor explains about 16.31% of the total variance. The variables related to this factor are "Lighting of passages in the night", "abandoned lands", "disturbing and inappropriate workshops", "Security of women and children" and "nightlife". So, this factor be named "Environmental Security". The second factor explains about 15.05% of the total variance. The variables related to this factor are "attention to the disabled needs", "urban furniture", "quality and safety of sidewalks", "cultural and religious centers" and "monuments Indicators and Indications". So, this factor be named "Walkability". The third factor explains about 14.31% of the total variance. The variables related to this factor are "health services", "public spaces", "local service and business users" and "educational services". So, this factor be named "Urban Services". The fourth factor explains about 11.88% of the total variance. The variables related to this factor are "environmental cleanliness and sanitation", "local green spaces" and "disaster risk and lack of safety". So, this factor be named "Natural Environment". The fifth factor explains about 10.48% of the total variance. The variables related to this factor are "ruined buildings", "defenseless areas" and "inaccessible areas", "the quality of building facades and wall painting," and "access to water, electricity and gas". So, this factor be named "Dwelling & Construction". The sixth factor explains about 8.41% of the total variance. The variables related to this factor are "road quality and access network" and "traffic cabin and parking". So, this factor be named "Transportation". After naming the factors, it is time to calculate the score of each of the 12 districts of Hamadan by the factor of 6 factors of environmental quality. Also, in order to calculate the overall score of areas, linear regression analysis (and step-by-step method) has been used. Based on the regression equation for the six factors of the beta coefficient, it determines the weight of the factors in explaining the environmental quality. In the following, multiplied by the "score of each area per agent" in the "relative weight of the factor", the final score of the areas will be obtained from the total environmental factors. In order to more clearly demonstrate the advantages of environmental quality factors in the urban areas of Hamedan, relevant maps have been developed in the ArcGIS software environment as outlined below. Conclusion The research findings indicate that the six main factors affect the quality of the environment. These factors and their impact on the level of satisfaction of people from their neighborhood include environmental security (28%), urban services (23%), dwelling & construction (16%), walkability (14%), Transportation (12%) and natural environment (7%). Also, the study of factors in Hamedan indicates average satisfaction of inhabitants from the environmental quality of their neighborhood, which is noticeably different in different regions of the city, which could have a negative impact on the social, cultural and economic fabrication of neighborhoods. In the following, some generalized generalizable outcomes for improving the quality of the urban environment are mentioned: - Environmental quality is a multifaceted feature that involves various factors. Therefore, it can not be expected that by upgrading a parameter, there is a significant change in the quality of the environment. Prioritizing interventions is, of course, essential to be achieved through initial assessment of the conditions of each neighborhood. - Promoting environmental quality is ultimately for the satisfaction of residents. Therefore, the use of resident participation is considered as a capacity that should be considered from the beginning of the decision to the time of implementation and maintenance of the project. - In order to achieve operational and realistic strategies, it is better to consider the scale of small studies. The smaller the study area, the greater the consistency and uniformity of the physical, economic, and social structure, and therefore more accurate results are obtained. - Promoting environmental quality does not necessarily require much investment. Improving pedestrian safety and environmental security are measures that can be implemented at low cost and with the support of residents.

Life quality is one of the most critical study areas in different countries and although it is an attractive and universal meaning, it does not have a universally accepted definition. The life quality of a person is depended on one's true and exterior reality and inner mental understanding of these factors. The importance of studying life quality and its role in public policy survey is a useful tool in urban management and planning. Due to the fact that one of the reasons of informing the new cities in Iran is to design desirable environment for the residents, it is critical to investigate the successfulness of construction companies of new cities and municipality.
Therefore, in this research, the effect of urban management function is studied from citizen's perspectives. The experimental method is used in this paper meanwhile in some parts descriptive-analytic methodology has been used. In order to gather the information of residents, 100 questionnaires were administered using field and library (in order to study the documentary facts in this area) method. In order to analyze the data SPSS software is used. The findings of the study indicate that there is a significant relationship between urban planning function with mentally and real quality from citizen's perspective with the coefficient correlation of 0/694.
The results show that providing urban installation has the most effect in the increase of life quality in Baharestan.
In conclusion, in order to improve the life quality in Baharestan, it is suggested to provide plans in order to modify installations such as electricity network, the collection of sewage and surface water, transit network and also to provide required services for the residents.

Housing as one of the man-made phenomena has the characteristics that has a great effect on the functions and satisfaction of its users. Therefore, characteristics such as optimal shape, strength, security, safety, availability of residents to facilities, and the provision of the equipment and infrastructure needed for housing are effective in housing quality (Sajadi Khedari et al., 1394). Housing and its conditions are an important factor in the quality of life and the distinction between individuals, groups and regions (Shakouri and Asgari, 2012); in other words, housing is the basis for the development of the socio-economic development of its inhabitants and its quality with development Tangible and their needs are related (Motie Langroudi and Bakhtiali, 2011). Today, among the basic problems of rural dwellings in the country, their low quality is considered as a method of construction and use of good construction materials (Shahbazi, 2010). Due to the availability of home-grown raw materials, often supplied from local sources, villagers are building housing, which ultimately does not meet the housing standards, hence paying serious attention to the quality and quantity of housing Rural villages are necessary in rural development programs, because proper and standard housing is one of the rural development indicators (Lotfi et al., 2010).

1- Introduction The increasing growth of urbanization in recent decade and occurring most of the economic and social activities of human being in urban environments cause that the city is considered as a place a citizen spends much time and it is one of the effective and important places in which the majority of memories, experiences, emotions are formed. Thus, cities play important role in cultural construction and formation of individual and social personality of human being. Public spaces of city as composed of two elements of street and square are considered as the most important part of cities in which most routine activities of people are occurred and they play the important role in formation of social personality of human being. As urban streets cover 75% of cities are raised as the cultural symbol and defining the economic, social and cultural structure of city. Sometimes, they are the civil life position of city and occurrence of social activities of citizens in urban life and they are of great importance. Thus, organized design and their development make the social and cultural life quality of people more enriched. Today, the role of urban streets is weakened as a place for social interactions, visits, contacts and the gathering place of citizens due to the development of motorized vehicles. This caused that streets are turned into vehicle-based streets and they play communicative space role. To evaluate the quality of urban streets, based on the effective factors from the view of urban planners and considerable studies in this regard and the views of experts, Delphi method is applied to collect their views, 4 indices and 16 components as the criterion of selection of components, their share components from the view of theorists are considered in this study. These indices and components are shown in Table 1. Table 1- Effective indices and components to create excellent street 2- Study area Enghelab, the distance between England square to Valiasr intersection, Fatemi streets, the distance between Fatemi square to Fatemi intersection and Kargar Shomali and Keshavarz, the distance between Valiasr square to Keshavarz intersection and Kargar Shomali are located in one of the most crowded townships of Tehran city on one hand and the importance of designing and improvement in these regions on the other hand and as designing and improvement of urban street consistent with the designing principles can meet the economic demands by increasing competitive capability of city from economic aspects and absorbing the investors. Also, it is a key factor to improve the emotions and morale of the residents (increasing life quality) and it is an exact criterion for pathology of urban development and it has necessary requirements as the case sample to be investigated. 3- Study method The method of the study is descriptive-analytic and field design. At first, the theoretical framework of this study is based on data collection of library resources, article and internet references. To identify the studied site, field study is performed by aerial images and maps. To complete the required information, recognizing the existing condition (environmental, structural and perspective) is done via observation and questionnaire. This study applied AHP method to determine the weight of indices and effective componets to achieve excellent street in urban space by Delphi method. Then,11 Expert choice was used for data analysis. For data collection, the pairwise comparison of the indices and components is done by 34 faculty members and experts specialized in urban planning, environment design, green space design and environment engineering. Their valuation is based on their experiences and studies. Later, these indices and components are evaluated by citizens including pedestrians and shop owners in three streets of Enghelab, Fatemi and Keshavarz. To evaluate the effective factors on creating excellent streets, a questionnaire is applied. In each of 3 streets, 100 questionnaires and totally 300 questionnaires are distributed randomly among the citizens in spring consisting 5% of the population of users and employees to compare these three stress with the criteria of urban excellent streets. It can be said the scores are given to 30 questions designed by Likert design from the citizens. The items are consisting very low, low, average, good and very good to evaluate the questions. Then, to compute and summarize the scores, the following formula is used. N= N = The sum of score of each index = The mean of scores of 100 questionnaires = Component weight = Index weight = Number of components Finally, the sum of the mean of scores is added and again averaging is performed to perform the prioritization of each of the streets based on score mean. 4- Study findings After the investigation of the indices and components by 34 experts, field study is performed of the case samples. Later, the results of the survey and information are analyzed. Of the sum of the views of 100 respondents in each street, Keshavaraz street by the mean score 0.207 had good quality compared to Fatemi street with score mean 0.165 and Enghelab street with score mean 0.154. The analysis of social and cultural component of streets showed that Keshavarz street with mean score 0.282 compared to Fatemi and Enghelab streets with the score mean 0.219 and 0.196, respectively had relative superiority and based on the results, the service and welfare component of Keshavarz street with the score mean 0.278 showed high value compared to Enghelab street with score mean 0.228 and Fatemi street with the mean score 0.219. Here, environmental component of Keshavarz street with mean score 0.163 compared to Fatemi and Enghleab streets with the score mean 0.150 and 0.116 had relative superiority and finally aesthetic component showed that Keshavarz street with score mean 0.084 compared to Enghelab street with score mean 0.077 and Fatemi street with score mean 0.075 had better condition. 5- Discussion and Conclusion Generally, in this study, at first the effective factors on quality of urban streets are investigated, then, they are evaluated in three streets of Keshavarz, Fatemi and Enghelab. The results of these evaluations in three streets of Keshavarz, Fatemi and Enghelab showed that Keshavarz street with the mean score 0.207 compared to Fatemi streets with the score mean 0.165 and Enghelab with score mean 0.154 had good quality. Finally, social and cultural indices in four components in these three streets were not in good quality and by improving the quality of these componets, they are considered as the most important components to create excellent urban streets. Regarding the welfare services index, Enghelab and Fatemi streets had problems in three componets of hygiene, furniture and comfort and by improving their quality, we can be hopeful regarding the total improvement of quality of these three streets. Regarding environmental index, Enghelab and Fatemi streets had not good quality in four components and by improving their quality, we can increase the quality of these two streets. On the other hand, Keshavarz street has good quality in terms of vegetation and climatic comfort and by improving the appropriate disposal of runoff and using environment-friendly materials in this street, we can increase its quality. Regarding aesthetics, all components had low quality in three streets and to increase the quality of these streets, we should improve them.

The evolution of urbanization and its due issues, in addition to environmental impacts of losing natural climate because of the increase of human influential power on the environment, have caused some activities to be developed to make the human involvement in nature. For that matter, urban green landscape includes some features which have made it into appropriate grounds for improving the human life quality. The existence of lands and its components such as parks, plants and bodies of water in urban grounds prepares some environmental, social and physiological services which are very important in making cities habitable. Throughout this research, besides of giving a definition of green landscapes, life quality and the mutual relation between these two, a survey has been done to identify the influential role of green landscape on improving human life quality. The functional aspects of this landscape are divided into four categories: ecological, economic, social and physical. According to these aspects, indicators in three categories of quantitative, qualitative and spatial (land use) have been documented .Further on, in the article the green landscape of Shiyan neighborhood has been studied by using various implements of gathering information including questionnaire, extracting statistics and data in use. The result is expressing that urban green landscapes in the face of neighborhood have a prominent place in the eyes of inhabitants of this neighborhood. At the end, through the use of the obtained information, to have a green neighborhood, an efficient plan is presented which is the result of applying the indicators.

Most recreation areas in Iran been constructed on the basis of the fabric principle with less attention paid to the mental and behavioral needs of users, in spite of increasing demand for such facilities. In this paper we attempt to analyze the motivation of users with by employing seeking-escaping and Pull and Push theory. At first, we survey people’s main motivation for using the natural and man-made attractions of Oun-Ebn-Ali recreation center, based on seeking-escaping theory and then, as a final reward to the users, the relationship between their perceptions and improved indices of the quality of place were evaluated. The results show that the users go to Oun-Ebn-Ali to escape from pressures of everyday life and achieve peace through observing nature, doing sport and meeting friends. Although some undesirable factors such as a shortage of trees for shade and street furniture, congestion and unsuitable accessibility have adversely affected the process of developing recreation place uses and restricted the number of users. According to the results, improving the natural attractions and recreational furniture, better accessibility and distribution of furniture around different parts of the site have increased the desirability of using Oun-Ebn-Ali recreation place.